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Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS.Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS.Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS.Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS.Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS.Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS.Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS.Các từ vựng thường gặp trong IELTS. IELTS academic words. Practice for IELTS. Các từ vựng cần biết trong IELTS
Video Lessons ACADEMIC VOCABULARY F O R I E LT S LESSON ACADEMIC VOCABULARY FOR IELTS • Nouns • Verbs • Adjectives • Adverbs • Definitions • Extra language EXPENDITURE • (all of) the money or resources spent by a government/ organization/ person • Governments are sometimes criticized for reducing expenditure on long-term infrastructure projects because the benefits will not be seen for generations • Unless the authorities continue increasing expenditure on healthcare in real terms, the quality of patient care is likely to fall • Companies which expend a great deal of time and effort on recruiting and retaining top-quality staff are usually successful and profitable • Children need to realize that they have to expend energy in order to burn off the calories taken in as food EXPENDITURE • Governments are sometimes criticized for reducing expenditure on long-term infrastructure projects because the benefits will not be seen for generations • Unless the authorities continue increasing expenditure on healthcare in real terms, the quality of patient care is likely to fall • Companies which expend a great deal of time and effort on recruiting and retaining top-quality staff are usually successful and profitable • Children need to realize that they have to expend energy in order to burn off the calories taken in as food ADDITIONALLY • A word used to give extra/ supporting information; furthermore • The amount of fruit consumed by teenagers fell slightly during the period for which we have data Additionally, those in their twenties and thirties appear to have eaten a smaller amount of fruit • There are clear economic benefits to maintaining public parks and gardens in large cities In addition, ensuring that metropolitan areas contain green areas can have positive psychological implications • In the previous paragraph, the economic case for protecting wild animals was outlined It is worth adding that there is also a moral or ethical argument • Large companies sponsor major sporting events It should be added that without this financial backing, prize money would be considerably lower • Although athletes participate principally for the glory of winning, they also compete for additional reasons such as prize-money and fame ADDITIONALLY • There are clear economic benefits to maintaining public parks and gardens in large cities In addition, ensuring that metropolitan areas contain green areas can have positive psychological implications • The amount of fruit consumed by teenagers fell slightly during the period for which we have data Additionally, those in their twenties and thirties appear to have eaten a smaller amount of fruit • In the previous paragraph, the economic case for protecting wild animals was outlined It is worth adding that there is also a moral or ethical argument • Large companies sponsor major sporting events It should be added that without this financial backing, prize money would be considerably lower • Although athletes participate principally for the glory of winning, they also compete for additional reasons such as prize-money and fame THEORETICALLY • On paper; not in a practical sense; not likely • Theoretically at least, there should be no difficulty in eradicating starvation and disease • In theory, everyone entering the country is registered and the authorities should know where suspected terrorists are However, in practice, it is almost impossible to keep tracks on every person who crosses an international border • From a theoretical standpoint, it should be possible to travel back in time Obviously, major scientific breakthroughs will need to be made before this dream can be realized • It is probably futile to theorize about what preceded the so-called ‘Big Bang’, 13.8 billion years ago.There will never be sufficient proof to confirm any particular hypothesis • Darwin’s Theory of Evolution is probably one of the most well-known and successful pieces of scientific work THEORETICALLY • Theoretically at least, there should be no difficulty in eradicating starvation and disease • In theory, everyone entering the country is registered and the authorities should know where suspected terrorists are However, in practice, it is almost impossible to keep tracks on every person who crosses an international border • From a theoretical standpoint, it should be possible to travel back in time Obviously, major scientific breakthroughs will need to be made before this dream can be realized • It is probably futile to theorize about what preceded the so-called ‘Big Bang’, 13.8 billion years ago.There will never be sufficient proof to confirm any particular hypothesis • Darwin’s Theory of Evolution is probably one of the most well-known and successful pieces of scientific work MANIPULATE • To control people/things in a way which benefits you • Politicians and public speakers seek to manipulate their audiences • By manipulating certain variables, and holding others constant, scientists are able to carry out experiments and reach meaningful conclusions • The manipulation of consumers is a key aim of advertising; those who create adverts aim to persuade consumers that they urgently need the goods and services being offered • Both parents and children can at times accuse each other of being manipulative MANIPULATE • Politicians and public speakers seek to manipulate their audiences • By manipulating certain variables, and holding others constant, scientists are able to carry out experiments and reach meaningful conclusions • The manipulation of consumers is a key aim of advertising; those who create adverts aim to persuade consumers that they urgently need the goods and services being offered • Both parents and children can at times accuse each other of being manipulative VALID • Genuine; reasonable; acceptable • There is no valid reason why anyone on our planet should lack food or clean drinking water We have sufficient resources for everyone • Although some gamblers claim that the addictive urge to bet money is too strong for them to control, I not consider this to be a valid excuse for their behavior • It is invalid to suggest that children who under-perform in education are simply lazy • Some climate-change deniers have suggested that experiments prove that the planet is not warming as a result of human activity.The validity of these findings is questionable and needs to be challenged • Statistics showing that ex-criminals are extremely likely to re-offend validate my assertion that prison is ineffective • Recent investigations invalidate earlier beliefs that ours was the only planet in the solar system which contained water VALID • There is no valid reason why anyone on our planet should lack food or clean drinking water We have sufficient resources for everyone • Although some gamblers claim that the addictive urge to bet money is too strong for them to control, I not consider this to be a valid excuse for their behavior • It is invalid to suggest that children who under-perform in education are simply lazy • Some climate-change deniers have suggested that experiments prove that the planet is not warming as a result of human activity.The validity of these findings is questionable and needs to be challenged • Statistics showing that ex-criminals are extremely likely to re-offend validate my assertion that prison is ineffective • Recent investigations invalidate earlier beliefs that ours was the only planet in the solar system which contained water EVIDENT • Obvious; clearly true because there is proof; easy to see or know • It is evident that for many citizens of developing countries, living in cities is a more attractive prospect than remaining in the countryside • There is a considerable amount of evidence to support the notion that although some human behavior is genetic, a great deal of it is learnt • Some commentators are concerned that in many of the world’s countries, nationalism and even jingoism seem to be in evidence • Although poverty is not much in evidence in city-centres, a significant proportion of the population actually lives below the poverty line • As parts of the developing world become more prosperous, meat consumption in these areas rises Evidently, wealthier individuals are keen to eat a protein-rich diet including chicken, pork or beef • Evidently, life expectancy has more than doubled over the past century EVIDENT • It is evident that for many citizens of developing countries, living in cities is a more attractive prospect than remaining in the countryside • There is a considerable amount of evidence to support the notion that although some human behavior is genetic, a great deal of it is learnt • Some commentators are concerned that in many of the world’s countries, nationalism and even jingoism seem to be in evidence • Although poverty is not much in evidence in city-centres, a significant proportion of the population actually lives below the poverty line • As parts of the developing world become more prosperous, meat consumption in these areas rises Evidently, wealthier individuals are keen to eat a protein-rich diet including chicken, pork or beef • Evidently, life expectancy has more than doubled over the past century RESPECTIVELY • Connected to something previously mentioned, and in the same order • According to the chart under discussion, the most popular forms of entertainment in Italy, Spain and France were cinema, theatre and live music performances respectively • The numbers for car-users, motorbike-riders, cyclists and pedestrians involved in accidents on the roads were 43, 441 28 and 18 respectively • Studies reveal that sports-teams playing matches in their respective stadiums are at a distinct advantage RESPECTIVELY • According to the chart under discussion, the most popular forms of entertainment in Italy, Spain and France were cinema, theatre and live music performances respectively • The numbers for car-users, motorbike-riders, cyclists and pedestrians involved in accidents on the roads were 43, 441 28 and 18 respectively • Studies reveal that sports-teams playing matches in their respective stadiums are at a distinct advantage PRAISE • To express admiration; to say that something is good • Although parents should punish their children for unacceptably bad behavior, they should also remember to praise them when appropriate • Employees usually respond well to praise but managers seem quite reluctant to make positive comments about their staff • Attempts by charities to raise money for the homeless are clearly praiseworthy However, it concerns me that the poorest members of society have to rely on the kindness of wealthier fellow-citizens Surely, the state should take responsibility and use taxpayers’ money to support the most vulnerable PRAISE • Although parents should punish their children for unacceptably bad behavior, they should also remember to praise them when appropriate • Employees usually respond well to praise but managers seem quite reluctant to make positive comments about their staff • Attempts by charities to raise money for the homeless are clearly praiseworthy However, it concerns me that the poorest members of society have to rely on the kindness of wealthier fellow-citizens Surely, the state should take responsibility and use taxpayers’ money to support the most vulnerable DEPEND • To rely on; to need • Whether small businesses prosper often depends on how well they treat their customers • Solar energy is sometimes criticized as an unreliable source of power because it is dependent on the sun shining • As teenagers mature, they usually want to become more independent from their families.This can lead to arguments and conflicts with parents and other family members • Ethnic groups often seek independence for their region.They express the desire for autonomy and for the right to self-govern • An alarming number of apparently healthy individuals have a dependence on painkillers and other medication DEPEND • Whether small businesses prosper often depends on how well they treat their customers • Solar energy is sometimes criticized as an unreliable source of power because it is dependent on the sun shining • As teenagers mature, they usually want to become more independent from their families.This can lead to arguments and conflicts with parents and other family members • Ethnic groups often seek independence for their region.They express the desire for autonomy and for the right to self-govern • An alarming number of apparently healthy individuals have a dependence on painkillers and other medication GUIDELINES • Official advice about how to something • It is essential for the authorities to publish guidelines on how prisoners should be treated so that those running prisoners clearly understand their duties and responsibilities • It is sometimes argued that if clearer guidelines were published by the powers-that-be, hospitals would be safer as those working there would clearly understand their role • Guidelines suggesting that children should have no more than one sugary snack a day have been praised by health experts GUIDELINES • It is essential for the authorities to publish guidelines on how prisoners should be treated so that those running prisoners clearly understand their duties and responsibilities • It is sometimes argued that if clearer guidelines were published by the powers-that-be, hospitals would be safer as those working there would clearly understand their role • Guidelines suggesting that children should have no more than one sugary snack a day have been praised by health experts WHAT SHALL I DO NOW? • Study the language in this lesson • Complete the quiz for this lesson • Study related topics on the course • Visit our website at www.prepareforielts.com • Find out about our other IELTS courses • Get your IELTS Speaking marked by experts • Get your IELTS Writing marked by experts • See lots of FREE IELTS resources created by experts Copyright ... in this lesson • Complete the quiz for this lesson • Study related topics on the course • Visit our website at www.prepareforielts.com • Find out about our other IELTS courses • Get your IELTS. . .ACADEMIC VOCABULARY F O R I E LT S LESSON ACADEMIC VOCABULARY FOR IELTS • Nouns • Verbs • Adjectives • Adverbs • Definitions • Extra... other IELTS courses • Get your IELTS Speaking marked by experts • Get your IELTS Writing marked by experts • See lots of FREE IELTS resources created by experts Copyright