NhUng nguyen tac nay bao gdm: cd sd ciia be thd'ng ddng minh va quan be dd'i tac song phUdng ciia My; xay dUng chUdng trinh nghi sU ve an ninh va kinh te chung cua khu vUc; tam quan tron[r]
(1)CHAU MY NGAY NAY 25 SO 05-2010 NGUYEN T^C CfiN DCT CUfi MY T^l KHU VUC CH6U (i -THAI BJNH DUOHQ Kurt M Campbell ^^T^ heo ldi mdi ciia ThUcJng nghi si i l Inhofe, C h u tich Tieu b a n ve ^ • ' ^ cac v a n de Ddng N a m A va Thai Binh dUdng thudc Uy b a n Ddi ngoai ThU(1ng vien My vao 21/01/2010, dng K u r t M Campell, TrO ly Ngoai trUdng, da dUa r a nhUng n h a n dinh ve t i m q u a n thiet yeu cua k h u vUc chau A - Thai Binh dUdng dd'i vdi My va nhUng khia canh cd b a n cho cac cam ket chien IvtOc cua My dd'i vdi k h u vUc Sau day la bai dieu t r a n ciia dng K u r t M Campell ve: " N g u y e n t a c c a n dii c u a My tai k h u v i i c c h a u A - T h a i B i n h difc?ng" Chau A - Thai Binh dUdng cd t i m quan sd'ng cdn va lau dai dd'i vdi My va dieu rd r a n g la cac qud'c gia k h u vUc mud'n My tri sU hien dien ben vUng va tich cUc tai day Chung ta c i n bao d a m r i n g My la mdt cUdng qud'c cd chd dUng tai khu vUc chU khdng phai la mdt vi khach, vi moi viec dien r a t r e n k h u vUc deu tac ddng trUc tiep tdi a n n i n h va an toan kinh te cua chiing ta Trong nhUng t h a p nien tdi, bien doi hau, phd bien vu buy diet h a n g loat, va ddi ngheo se la nhUng thach thUc ldn n h a t ciia My va cac nUdc k h u vufc NhUng thach thUc dang va se tie'p tuc la nhQng t h a c h thUc nguy hiem n h a t dd'i vdi Ddng A Bd'i canh khdng chi ddi bdi My phai ddng vai trd lanh dao viec giai quye't cac thach thUc nay, ma nd cdn chi rang My can phai t a n g cUdng va md rdng cac quan he ddng minh, xay dUng cac quan he dd'i tac mdi, va n a n g cao nang lUc ciia cac td chUc da phUdng k h u vUc Nen t a n g cho sU tie'p can la viec tiep tuc k h u y e n khich Trung Qud'c t a n g cUdng tien trinh hda binh va hdi n h a p vao he thd'ng qud'c te De giai quyet nhUng thach thUc khu vUc va toan cau cang gia tang, c i n cd mdt chien lUdc tien tien dUa vao cac md'i quan he nay, ddng thdi dUa tren siic m a n h cua My nhU mdt nen dan chu va mot cUdng qud'c khu vUc Thai Binh dUdng Vdi n e n t a n g la nhUng ket qua tich cUc cd dviOc tuf cam ket mdi, tdi mud'n de cap tdi cac nguyen tac giiip nhUng nd lUc cua chung ta di dung hudng Ve thUc chat chien lUdc can dU cua chung ta la mdt cam ket vUng chae hudng tdi nhUng gia tri My, nhUng gia tri da la nen t a n g cho chinh sach dd'i ngoai cua chung ta tii nen dan chu My d\iOc thiet lap Tren nhieu phUdng dien, dieu chinh xac la vi sU xuat hien cua mot t h e gidi da cUc va phiic tap hdn, dd cac gia tri cd the va nen dUdc suf d u n g nhU mdt cdng cu cho viec l a n h dao nUdc My Cam ket cua Chinh quyen O b a m a dd'i vdi k h u vufc Ddng A va Thai Binh dUdng d\l(}c, dinh hudng bdi n a m nguyen t i c Trong bai p h a t bieu cua minh tai Honolulu 12/1/2010, Ngoai trUdng Clinton da t r i n h bay chi tiet (2) 26 SO 05-2010 nguyen tac, dd la nhUng quan diem, nbUng nhin nhan ciia chung ta ve cau triic chau A - Thai Binh dUdng va sU can du cua My NhUng nguyen tac bao gdm: cd sd ciia be thd'ng ddng minh va quan be dd'i tac song phUdng ciia My; xay dUng chUdng trinh nghi sU ve an ninh va kinh te chung cua khu vUc; tam quan cua viec hdp tac theo hUdng hieu qua; sU can thiet phai tang cUdng tinh linh boat va tinh sang tao hop tac da phUdng cua chiing ta; va nguyen tac dd xac dinh cac the che cua chau A - Thai Binh dUdng se gdm tat ca nhUng nUdc quan trong, dd cd My Trong niia thap ky qua My va cac ddng minh khu vUc (Nhat Ban, Han Qud'c, Australia, Philipinnes, va Thai Lan) da tri an ninh va dn dinh tai Ddng A va Thai Binh dUdng Cac ddng minh cua chiing ta van tri nen tang cho sU can dU cua chiing ta tai khu vUc, va Chinh quyen Obama cam ket tang cUdng cac md'i lien ket nham ciing dd'i phd vdi nhUng thach thufc truyen thd'ng va mdi ndi Do dd My ein tri sU hien dien quan sU'cua minh tai khu vUc, dieu vufa dam bao va vUa nhic nhd cac nUdc khac rang My se tri vi the la ngUdi dam bao cbinb cho hda binh va dn dinh tai khu vUc Dd la dieu hoan toan khdng sai lim: My kien dinh tbUc hien quyet tam cua minh viec tri eac cam ket hiep udc ve bao ve cac ddng minh Md'i quan he ddng minh cua chiing ta dd'i vdi Nhat Ban la nen tang cua sU can du chien lUdc eua chiing ta d chau A Thda thuan thang nam 2006 ve chuyen ddi va td chute lai he thd'ng phdng thu se lam tang eUdng kha nang ngan chan tao mot sU hien dien quan sU ben vUng CHAU MY NGAY NAY hdn tai khu vUc Thda thuan qud'c te Guam, Ngoai trudng Clinton ky ket chuyen cdng du cua ba vao thang nam 2009, tie'p tuc dUa sU chuyen ddi sang giai doan ke tie'p Trong nd lUe eua cbiing ta nham hd trcj chinh phii Nhat Ban xem xet lai Thda thuan ve can cuf thay the Futenma (FRF), mot nhdm lam viec cap cao da hop tai Tokyo vao thang 11 va thang 12, va chinh phu Nhat Ban van dang tiep tuc xem xet lai thda thuan Ngoai viec chii vao cac van de nay, chung ta dang nd lUc de tao mdt tUdng lai ben vUng va lau dai eho quan he ddng minh, dieu nham thiic day vai trd lanh dao toan cau cua Nhat Ban cac van de nhu bien ddi hau va cac chUdng trinh hd trd nhan dao va phat trien, tao mdt nhan td' mdi Sap tien tdi le ky niem Iin thut 50 hai nUdc thiet lap quan he ddng minh, chiing ta se lam viee chat che vdi nhUng ngUdi ban Nhat Ban de suy ngam mdt each sang tao va chien lUdc ve md'i quan he ddng minh Chiing ta cung se hOp tac chat che hdn nUa vdi mdt ddng minh quan khac cua chiing ta d Ddng Bic A la Han Qud'c, n h i m hien dai hda quan he ddng minh quan sU va de dat dUdc mdt quan he dd'i tac mang tinh toan ciu va toan dien Tren cd sd Tuyen bd T i m nhin chung giUa Tong thd'ng Obama va Tong thd'ng Lee Myungbak, chiing ta cam ket tao mot md'i quan he nang ddng hdn, dUde xay dung tren cd sd cae gia tri va nhUng loi ich chien lUdc chung Chiing ta mong ddi vai trd lanh dao qud'c te cang tang cua Han Qudc vdi tU each la nUde ehu tri Hdi nghi eac Nha lanh dao G20 nam 2010 Nhat Ban va Han Qud'c la nhUng ddi tac chinh nhUng nd Iufc cua (3) CHAU MY NGAY NAY SO 05-2010 chung ta n h i m tri hda binh va dn dinh tai k h u vufc Ddng B i c A va, dac biet, viec phi h a t n h a n hda Ban dao Trieu Tien t h d n g qua qua t r i n h dam p h a n s a u ben Tie'n t r i n h da trai qua nbUng budc t h u t Iui nghiem vao n a m 2009 vdi viec Trieu Tien thUc hien h a n g loat nbUng h a n h ddng khieu khich dd cd vu thii nam qua ten liia vao t h a n g va thdng cao ve vu thuf b a t n h a n thU bai cua nUdc vao 25 t h a n g NhU Tdng thd'ng O b a m a ndi, nhUng h a n h ddng ciia Trieu Tien da vi p h a m nghiem cac nghi quyet ciia Hdi dong Bao an, va tao n e n mdt thach thUc trUc tie'p va tao bao tdi cdng ddng qud'c te, lam gia t a n g cang t h a n g va hiiy hoai sU dn dinh tai k h u vUc Ddng B i c A Tuy nhien, p h a n Ung thd'ng n h a t cua cdng ddng qud'c te trUdc nhUng khieu khich cua B i c Trieu Tieh cho tha'y mot vi du khac ve nhUng ket q u a td't dep nhd sU can thiep cua My Hdi ddng Bao an Lien hiep qud'c da nha't t r i len an nhUng h a n h ddng khieu khich cua B i c Trieu Tien va da thdng qua nghi quye't UNSCR 1874, dd dUa nhUng binh p h a t ciing r a n dd'i vdi viec Trieu Tien san xua't vu k h i h a t n h a n Vao cud'i n a m 2009, B i c Trieu Tien bat d i u td r a q u a n t a m tdi viec dd'i thoai My da phai dac p h a i vien p h u trach ve chinh sach dd'i vdi Bac Trieu Tien, Dai suf S t e p h e n Bosworth tdi Binh NhUdng vao t h a n g 12 de thao luan vdi cac q u a n chufc Bac Trieu Tien ve v a n de h a t n h a n Trong cac cudc t h a o l u a n nay, Trieu Tien da tai k h i n g dinh t i m q u a n cua cac cudc D a m p h a n s a u ben va tuyen bd' chung t h a n g 12 n a m 2005 ve viec phi h a t n h a n hda cd giam sat t r e n Ban dao Trieu Tien mdt each hda binh Tuy nhien, chiing ta chUa thd'ng n h a t dxiOc nao va vdi dieu kien gi B i c Trieu Tien se trd lai b a n Dam p h a n Sau ben, yeu td' chinh quyet dinh de'n viec chung ta se tie'p tuc dam p h a n vdi cac dd'i tac chau A vao d i u n a m 2010 Cam ket sau sac va lau dai vdi T r u n g Qud'c tiep tuc dem lai nhUng tien trien q u a n trong cac van de qud'c te q u a n trong, nhU khdi phuc nen kinh te toan cau, cbinb sach giai quye't bien ddi h a u , va nhUng nd lUc n h a m phi h a t n h a n hda Ban dao Trieu Tien Tuy nhien, hien nhien chiing ta khdng ddng q u a n diem vdi T r u n g Qud'c nhieu van de, n h u cac van de lien q u a n den n h a n quyen va cac v a n de ve hien dai hda q u a n sU khdng m i n h bach h a y cac chinh sach ddc quyen cdng nghiep Chung ta se tiep tuc giai quyet cac van de thdng qua d a m p h a n t h i n g t h i n va kien tri, tim kiem sU bdp tac ciia T r u n g Qud'c cac linh vUc ma hai ben cd chung \oi ich trUc tiep giai quyet cac b a t ddng Mot vi du mdi day cua each tie'p can dd la sU can du cua chiing ta dd'i vdi vu viec ldn xdn ciia Google, xam n h a p dU lieu va cac boat ddng vi p h a m n h a n quyen bang e-mail Cac q u a n chUc My da nha'n m a n h t a m q u a n cua viec T r u n g Qud'c giai quyet cac van de sinh tuf Google cung nhU vai trd quan ciia t u I n t e r n e t , mdt van de cd b a n nhUng quyen t r u n g t a m cua ngudi Chung ta c i n thUa n h a n t a m quan trqng cua chau A dd'i vdi nen kinh te the gidi Hdp tac chat che linh vUc k i n h te giiia My va chau A la yeu to sd'ng cdn dd'i vdi t r a t tU kinh te the gidi va dd'i vdi sieu cUdng My Tuy nhien, nhU Td'ng thd'ng Obama da p h a t bieu chuyen cdng du tdi chau A mdi day, "Chiing ta khdng the (4) 28 SO 05-2010 quay lai mdt each ddn gian ve nhUng chu ky ciia thdi ky hoang kim va suy thoai da dUa chung ta rdi vao mot cudc khiing hoang toan ciu" My va chau A cin tri sU can bang thUdng mai va tang trUdng Mdt dieu cung dang chii y la bdn nen kinh te chau A (Trung Qud'c, Nhat Ban, Han Qud'c va Dai Loan) hien dang dUng nhdm mUdi hai ddi tac thUdng mai hang dau ciia My Hien nay, 21 nen kinh te thudc APEC tieu thu gin 60% hang hda ciia My Ben canh dd, ASEAN cung la mot dd'i tac thUdng mai ldn va chu yeu Su tham gia tich cUc ciia chau A vao APEC, WTO, va G-20 phan anh t i m quan trqng cang tang cua cac nen kinh te chau A va xu hudng tien tdi vi tri trung tam cua chau A viec tang cUdng he thd'ng thUdng mai da phUdng va khdi phue lai nen kinh te ciia chiing ta Su hdi nhap khdng ngUng cua cac nen kinh te khu vUc se tao nhUng cd hdi kinh doanh mdi, thu hut nhieu lao ddng, ngUdi tieu dung, va cac doanh nghiep, tao nhieu viec lam cho My Mac du xua't khau cua My sang khu vUc chau A - Thai Binh dUdng van tang, nhUng ddng gdp cua My tdng thUdng mai tai khu vUc da giam 3% nam qua De lay lai xu hudng nay, chung ta se tiep tuc hanh ddng eiing Qud'c hdi, cac nha diu tu, va Han Qud'c de lam viec ve nhUng van de edn tdn tai, qua dd chung ta cd the tie'n tdi hiep dinh thUdng mai tU song phUdng Hdn nUa, chung ta cung se tie'n tdi cac cudc dam phan ve Hiep dinh Quan he dd'i tac Xuyen Thai Binh dUdng, nhU Tdng thd'ng Obama da thdng bao tai Hdi nghi cae nha lanh dao APEC thang 11/2009 Nhu Chinh quyen da tuyen CHAU MY NGAY NAY bd' thdng bao ve y dinh khdi ddng nhUng cudc dam phan nay, chiing ta du dinh se lam viec theo hudng quan he dd'i tac vdi Qud'c hoi va eac nha dau tu My de tao mot thda thuan khu vUc cd hieu qua va md rdng, dieu se gdp p h i n tao nen tang tiem tang eho hdi nhap kinh te khu vUe Day la mot cd hdi dac biet dd'i vdi My de thUc hien cam ket vdi cac nen kinh te phat trien nhanh nha't tren the gidi, cung nhU dieu chinh nhUng each tiep can cua chiing ta dd'i vdi cae van de thUdng mai truyen thd'ng, giai quye't nhUng van de mdi, va ket hdp nhUng yeu td' mdi cho phep dd'i phd vdi cac thach thUc cua the ky XXI Cam ket cua My ve dan chu va bao ve nhan quyen la mdt khia canh khdng the thieu va tdn tai ben dac tinh qud'c gia cua chiing ta va cam ket cua chung ta dd'i vdi khu vUc chau A - Thai Binh dUdng Cho phep tdi lam rd, day manh dan chu va nhan quyen la mdt yeu td' thiet yeu chinh sach dd'i ngoai cua My Chiing ta tin tudng nhan quyen khdng chi la nhUng gia tri nha't cua My ma la nhUng gia tri toan ciu NhUng gia tri la mdt ngudn siic manh cang tang khu vUc ndi ma nhUng tieu chuan dan chu cang dUde chii Chiing ta tin ring, nhUng cdng dan tren the gidi cin dUde hudng nhUng quyen nay, khdng phan biet qud'c tich, dan toe, tdn giao, hay chung toe My se tie'p tuc de cap de'n nhUng van de ben le xa hdi, ed vu eac qud'c gia khu vUc tdn nhUng quyen eon ngUdi da d\iOc qud'c te cdng nhan, ddng thdi thUc hien nhUng chinh sach n h i m day manh tuf hda va md cufa dat nude ho Nhu Tong thd'ng Obama da de cap bai phat bieu cua minh ve each tiep can dd'i vdi Afghanistan (5) CHAU MY NGAY NAY SO 05-2010 va P a k i s t a n , "chung ta can t a n g cUdng nhUng gia tri cua chung ta b i n g each thUc hien chung tU ban t h a n c h u n g ta, day la ly giai thich tai tdi cam viec t r a t a n t u n h a n va se ddng ciia n h a t u tai Vinh G u a n t a n a m o " Tdng thd'ng O b a m a da h u n g hdn t u y e n bd' r i n g , thien chi ciia chung tdi b a n ve quyen eon ngudi va cac gia tri d a n chu khac la nghia vu va t r a c h n h i e m cua cbiing tdi De bao d a m r a n g n h a n quyen, sU p h a t trien cua l u a t p h a p va xa hdi dan sU la nhUng t r u cdt vUng chae cam ket ciia chung ta, chung ta se tiep tuc lufa chon nhUng each tie'p can mdi, sang tao gdp p h a n m a n g lai nhUng cd bdi ky nguyen thdng tin n a n g ddng Tu ndi len quan diem va lUa chon ngUdi l a n h dao, k h a n a n g tiep can thdng tin va theo dudi each thUc m a b a n h a i long la nhUng cd sd ciia sU dn dinh C h u n g ta e i n de nhUng dd'i tae k h u vUc biet rang My se ludn u n g hd nhUng nUdc theo dudi cae quyen Nen d a n chu d a n g dUdc p h a t trien mdt each n h a n h ehdng t a i chau A; thuc day n h a n quyen, tU va d a n chii la nhUng yeu td' t h e n chd't de lam giam ngheo ddi va giam nhUng dieu kien h a u t h u a n cho chu nghia cUe doan De d a m bao t a n g trUdng k i n h te lien tuc ddi hdi c h i n h p h u cac nUdc phai m i n h bach, k h d n g t h a m n h u n g va cd t r a c h n h i e m dd'i vdi n h u c i u cua ngUdi dan Chien IxiOc cua chiing ta dd la tiep tuc gay ap lUc len nhUng n h a hoach d i n h c h i n h sach d cac qud'c gia viec thiie day cac dieu k h o a n ve n h a n q u y e n ciia chinh phii va hdp tac c h a t che vdi cac td chiic qud'c te, eac td chUc phi ehinh p h u boat ddng t r o n g linh vUc kiem t r a va bao eao ve n h a n quyen 29 Khu vUc chau A - Thai Binh dUdng dang cang p h a t trien, dieu dd ddi hdi chung ta cung can t a n g cUdng hop tac ve a n n i n h va kinb te da phUdng Tong thd'ng O b a m a da tuyen bd' tai Tokyo r a n g My mud'n t h a m gia d i y du vao cac td chiic k h u vUc, dieu kien p h u hop, bao gdm ca cam ket dd'i vdi Hdi nghi ThUcJng dinh Ddng A Ngoai trUdng Clinton da p h a t bieu tai Honolulu ve sU can thiet phai t a n g cUdng t i n h linh boat va sang tao hdp tac da phUdng cua chung ta Chung ta dU dinh se t h a m van vdi cac ddng minh, cac dd'i tac k h u vUc va vdi Qud'c hdi ve each thiic de My cung vdi cac ben dd'i tae d chau A cd the phdi hdp va dinh hudng cac td chUc da phUdng dang p h a t trien k h u vUc NhUng lien ket da phUdng va vUng chae ddi vdi chau A cd the giiip My dam bao tri vai trd quan dd'i vdi k h u vufc n a n g ddng Cam ket da phUdng cd the trd t h a n h mdt phUdng p h a p cd hieu qua viec t a n g cUdng nhUng nd lUc de dd'i phd vdi cac t h a c h thiic an ninh xuyen qud'c gia n h u bien ddi hau, dich benh, h a y sU xudng cap cua mdi trUdng Vi du, cac budc di ma APEC va ASEAN dUa r a n h a m t a n g cUdng hcJp tac cac cd q u a n xU ly cac tinh hud'ng k h a n cap k h u vUc la mdt budc tien q u a n de dd'i phd vdi n h i e u t h a m hoa t h i e n nhien lien tue xua't hien thdi gian viia qua Ngoai ra, nhUng nd lUe da phUdng cung chiing td hieu qua giai quyet eac t h a c h thUc xuyen qud'c gia n h u khiing bd', eUdp bien de doa cac tuye'n dudng bien cua chiing ta, va nhUng ke budn ngUdi b a t hdp phap ma n a n n h a n la p h u nU, tre em, ngUdi lao ddng, va ngUdi n h a p cU (6) 30 SO 05-2010 Nam 2011, My se dang cai td chiic APEC Iin d i u tien 18 nam, sU kien se tao cho chiing ta mdt cd hdi dac biet thuan ldi de ehutng minh cam ket va sU can dU ciia chung ta dd'i vdi khu vUc, dinh hinh chUdng trinh nghi sU theo nhUng each phan anh cac gia tri ciia chung ta, va se giiip cac doanh nghiep va ngudi lao ddng My tham gia vao san ehdi kinh te vdi cap cao hdn tai khu vUc nang ddng Thdng qua APEC, chiing ta se tiep tuc thiic day sU hdi nhap khu vUc, giam cac rao can dd'i vdi thUdng mai va dau tu vao khu vUe, va giiip can b i n g lai cac nen kinh te chau A -Thai Binh dUdng Hdp tac vdi ASEAN, My se cd gang td chiic hop ly va cung cd' cac tien trinh ve the che cua Dien dan khu vUe ASEAN va tao mdt chUdng trinh nghi sU mang khuynh hUdng hanh dong hdn, dae biet ehu tdi cac thach thufc an ninh xuyen qud'c gia va phi truyen thd'ng Ket luan My se phai dd'i mat vdi nhieu thach thUc ldn ve viec thUe hien cam ket eiia minh d chau A nhUng nam tdi NhUng thach thufc bao gdm ea sU manh len va suy yeu ciia cac qud'c gia, phd bien vu hiiy diet hang loat, cac van de toan cau ldn nhU bien ddi hau, ehu nghia eUc doan d mdt sd' nUdc d Ddng Nam A, ngheo ddi va chenh lech ve thu nhap cang ldn CHAU MY NGAY NAY Yeu td' hdp ehu yeu dd'i phd vdi nhUng thach thufc la vai trd lanh dao cua My Chiing ta can ddng mot vai trd tich cUe viec giiip cac qud'c gia khu vUc tang cUdng kha nang eiia ho de di tdi cdng Khu vUc cd y nghia sd'ng cdn dd'i vdi loi ich ciia My khdng ehi pham vi chau A - Thai Binh dUdng, ma cdn tren pham vi toan eau Chiing ta da gdp mot phan quan cho cdng linh vUc an ninh va kinh te eua khu vUe NgUcJc lai, khu viic chau A - Thai Binh dUdng cd mot tac ddng sau sac de'n ddi sd'ng cua chiing ta thdng qua thUdng mai, lien minh va hop tac Vi khu vufc tie'p tuc phat trien va cae nhdm lien ket va eac ca'u triic mdi dang hinh thanh, nen My se la mdt ben tham gia vao cudc ehdi, chii khdng phai chi la mot ngUdi diing quan sat tii xa Dudi sii lanh dao cua Tdng thd'ng Obama va Ngoai trudng Clinton, chiing ta san sang dd'i mat vdi nhUng thach thUc Chiing ta se hdp tac vdi Qud'c hdi va Uy ban Qud'c hdi de tim kiem cd hdi gay anh hudng tich cUc dd'i vdi phUdng hudng tUdng lai cua khu viie • Le Lan Anh - Litcfc dich Vien Nghien citu Chdu My Nguon: http://www.state.g0v/p/eap/rls/ rm/2010/01/134168.htm (7)