cau bi dong

Sau những động từ: to have, to order, to get, to bid, to cause hay một động từ chỉ về giác quan hoặc cảm tính, ta dùng Past Participle Tham khảo phần Bảng động từ bất quy tắc bao hàm ngh[r]

CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG  CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (Passive Voice) Bị /Thụ động cách là cách đặt câu đó chủ ngữ đứng vai bị động Ví dụ: English is learnt at school by him A hat was bought by her Chú ý: Điều kiện để có thể chuyển câu chủ động sang bị động: Thứ 1: Câu chủ động phải xác lập có tân ngữ (object) Thứ 2: Câu chủ động phải có Ngoại động từ (transitive verbs) Qui tắc Câu bị động a Động từ câu bị động: To be + Past Participle (PII) b Tân ngữ câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ câu bị động c Chủ ngữ câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ giới từ "BY" Active : Subject - Transitive Verb – Object Passive : Subject - Be+ Past Participle - BY + Object Ví dụ: The farmer dinks tea everyday (Active) Tea is drunk by the farmer everyday (Passive) Khi ngoại động từ chủ động có hai tân ngữ, trực tiếp và gián tiếp (nhóm tặng biếu), có thể chuyển thành hai câu bị động Ví dụ: I gave him an apple An apple was given to him He was given an apple by me Một số câu đặc biệt phải dịch là "Người ta" dịch sang tiếng Việt Ví dụ: It is said that = people say that ; (Người ta nói rằng) It was said that = people said that (Người ta nói rằng) Một số động từ dùng trên: believe, say, suggest, expect, Ta dùng động từ nguyên thể thể bị động: TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE để ý định hay bắt buộc không thể Ví dụ: This exercise is to be done This matter is to be discussed soon Sau động từ: to have, to order, to get, to bid, to cause hay động từ giác quan cảm tính, ta dùng Past Participle (Tham khảo phần Bảng động từ bất quy tắc) bao hàm nghĩa bị động: Ví dụ: We had your photos taken We heard the song sung We got tired after having walked for long Bảng chia Chủ động sang Bị động: Simple present Present continuous Simple Past Past continuous Present Perfect Past perfect Simple future Future perfect Is/are going to Can Might Must Have to Is / are doing did was / were doing Has / have done Had done Will Will have done Is / are going to Can / could Might Must Have to done is / are being done Were / was done Were / was being done Have / has been done Had been done Will be done Will have been done Is / are going to be done Can / could be done Might be done Must be done Have to be done Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt khác: a Một số động từ đặc biệt: remember; want; try; like, hate Ví dụ: I remember them taking me to the zoo (active) I remember being taken to the zoo.(passive) Ví dụ: She wants her sister to take some photogtaphs.(active) She wants some photographs to be taken by her sister (passive) Ví dụ: She likes her boyfriend telling the truth (action) She likes being told the truth (passive) Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt nguyên mẫu có TO: Suppose; see; make; Ví dụ: You are supposed to learn English now (passive) = It is your duty to learn English now (active) = You should learn English now (active) Ví dụ: His father makes him learn hard (active) He is made to learn hard (passive) Ví dụ: You should be working now.(active) You are supposed to be working now.(passive) Ví dụ: People believed that he was waiting for his friend (active) He was believed to have been waiting for his friend.(passive) BÀI TẬP CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG Đổi sang bị động: They report the news every day Someone is going to write a new constitution They should pay the bills immediately They wrote the book many years ago They are building a new house here Someone will find new petroleum deposits somewhere They have just opened the door Someone is going to wash the car People are speaking English everywhere 10 People have to use tools carefully This question was often put to me but it was never answered by me => It was decided that their marriage would be organised in December => I had been given a card to the club and in the afternoon it was used by me to go there to play bridge => You will be given new instructions before you leave => It was believed that the fire was caused by a short circuit in the lift machinery => I was lent the book by my friend => They had been caught by the war in Australia => A new block of flats is being built down the street => He had to be operated on => 10 My collection of stamps has been stolen => 11 Lessons should be made more inreresting => 12 I’m afraid this vase cannot be rapaired => 13 Her boy – friend is well spoken of => The rescuers for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers A were praised B praised C were praising D praising About 15,000 years ago, northern Wisconsin under ice a mile deep A buried B was burying C was buried D had buried Edward was new on the job, but he quickly fit himself into the routine of the office A established B establishing C establishes D establish The Mayan Indians an accurate and sophisticated calendar more than seven centuries ago A were developed B developed C are developed D have been developed George is Lisa A marry with B marry to C married with D married to About 15,000 years ago, northern Wisconsin under ice a mile deep A buried B was burying C was buried D had buried When I woke up and looked outside, the landscape had changed The ground had been lightly with a dusting of snow during the night A covering B cover C covers D covered We can't even walk in the storm Let's wait in the hallway where we'll be the strong winds until things quiet down A protected from B protected by C protecting from D protecting by " about the eight o'clock flight to Chicago?" "Not yet." A Has been an announcement made B Has an announcement made C Has an announcement been made announcement D Has been made an Last night a tornado swept through Rockville It everything in its path A destroyed B was destroyed C was being destroyed D had been destroyed 10 Be sure to wash the vegetables throroughly A lot of pesticides residue on unwashed produce A can find be finding B can found C can be found D can 11 Dynamite by Alfred Bernard Nobel A had been invented B invented C was invented D was being invented 12 Wait a minute! The table A is being laid laid B had been laid C is laid D has been 13 This exercise may with a pencil A be written B be to write C be writing D write 14 this work before you went to London? A Will - have been done C Will - be done B Has - been done D Had - been done 15 If you about it, will you be able to answer? A are asked B ask C will be asked D asked 16 A shortage fo water is a problem in many parts of the world In some areas, water from the ground faster than nature can replenish the supply A is being taken teken B has been taking C is taking D has 17 Vitamin C by the human body It gets into the blood stream quickly A absorbs easily B is easily absorbing C is easily absorbed D absorbed easily 18 "When can I have my car back?" "I think it'll late this afternoon." A finish B be finished C have finished D be finish 19 My country the pursuit of world peace A is dedicating to B is dedicated to C is dedicating by D is dedicated by 20 I didn't think my interview went very well, but I guess it must have Despite all my anxiety, I for the job I wanted I'm really going to work hard to justify their confidence A was hiring B hired C got hiring D got hired