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Report Development Tools 5–1 Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Contents What Is the Logistics Information System (LIS)? 5–2 Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses .5–2 Creating a Standard Analysis 5–9 Getting the Most from LIS Standard Analyses: Tips & Tricks .5–22 Review .5–24 Where to Learn More 5–24 5 In this chapter you will learn how to:  Select data for Standard analyses  Navigate within an LIS Standard analyses  Choose which key figures to display  Customize or control how the data is displayed (for example, formats)  Run a statistical analysis (for example, an ABC analysis)  Access document data from within a Standard analysis Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses What Is the Logistics Information System (LIS)? Reporting Made Easy 5–2 What Is the Logistics Information System (LIS)? The LIS performs the following functions: < Collection or creation of data for reporting purposes < Presentation of the collected data The LIS collects the data in transparent tables (that is, tables that physically exist and contain data in the R/3 database) called information structures. For more information on information structures, see page 5–3. How the data is collected (or created) is beyond the scope of this guidebook (see TechTalk below). Our focus will be on how the LIS presents the collected data. The LIS provides users with the following presentation tools: < Standard analyses < Flexible analyses Both Standard and Flexible analyses only present data that is contained in the information structures. It is important to note that these tools do not present data from any other tables. In this chapter, you will learn about Standard analyses. Flexible analyses are covered in chapter 6. To get the LIS ready for use, the following questions must be answered during configuration: < Which data is collected? < How is the data collected? < When is the data collected? This task is performed in the Implementation Guide (IMG) and is generally regarded as a configuration step. Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Standard analyses is a presentation tool used to display the contents of LIS information structures. An online drilldown tool, Standard analyses analyzes data primarily from the Logistics application components, such as sales, purchasing, inventory, etc. in the R/3 System. A Standard analysis is based on LIS data contained in special tables called information structures. With a Standard analysis, you can easily retrieve the business information available in the information structures. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Report Development Tools 5–3 In each Standard analysis, you can specify the range of the data to be analyzed by using various selection options. You can either predefine the data of the information structure or choose the data interactively during the analysis. The R/3 System is delivered with SAP-defined information structures that are automatically activated during installation. If no further configuration is needed (see TechTalk below), all you need are some transactions in the system, and you are ready to run a Standard analysis. Although the data dictionary objects called information structures are activated during installation, it does not mean that the information structures are automatically going to collect data. In the standard R/3 System, there are many tables that are delivered “active” but are empty. Filling these empty tables requires configuration or processed transactions in the system. Similarly, information structures are always delivered empty. Some of these information structures can begin to collect data immediately when transactions are processed because certain configuration settings are “generic.” However, other information structures require specific configuration settings. Certain configuration “switches” need to be set for the system to populate the information structure with data. Terminology It is helpful to be familiar with some of the essential terms and concepts used with Standard analyses. Information Structure An information structure stores aggregated data resulting from transactions. The three types of data stored in an information structure are: < Characteristics < Key figures < Periodicity (period unit) An information structure is a transparent table. For each information structure that is generated, a separate database table is created. Among them are Sxxx and SxxxE , where xxx represents the number of the information structure (see appendix E). Some of the tables related to LIS can be found in the data dictionary beginning with the name TMC. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Reporting Made Easy 5–4 Information structures are special tables but they are different from the document tables. While the document tables store detailed information about your documents (such as sales orders and invoices), the information structures store data aggregated by characteristics and period unit. Example: S001 (in the Sales Information System) is an information structure. It contains data related to customers (for example, sales orders, deliveries, and invoices). Characteristic A characteristic is a dimension of your business for which you collect data (also the aggregation or subtotal levels). Examples of characteristics include sales organization, purchasing organization, plant, sold- to party, vendor, storage location, material group, and material. Key Figure A key figure is a measure of the business data you are collecting. Examples of key figures include, incoming order value (booking value), incoming order quantity (booking quantity), invoiced sales value, invoiced sales quantity, PO order quantity, PO order value, goods receipt quantity, valuated stock quantity, and valuated stock value. Periodicity (or Period Unit) The period unit used for aggregating the data stored in the information structure. The period unit can be daily, weekly, monthly, or by fiscal period (using the fiscal year variant established by the finance team). Do not confuse this with periodic loads of data. Note: Some information structures do not appear to have periodicity. In such cases, these information structures are actually built from the data contained in other information structures. As the source information structure itself contains a periodicity, the target information structure “inherits” the periodicity of the source information structure. Initial List An initial list is the first screen of your analysis. The initial list provides an overview of the characteristic values for the key figures, according to previously chosen selection criteria. Drilldown List A drilldown list shows a particular characteristic value. Several drilldown options exist, depending upon the analysis selected. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Report Development Tools 5–5 How to Access LIS Standard Analyses? How you access Standard analyses largely depends on the type of user you are. For example, does your work mostly include: < Processing transaction data? < Processing master data? < Running reports? < Logistics-related activities? < A mix of Logistics and Human Resources? One of the menu paths commonly used to access LIS Standard analyses is shown below: Logistics → Logistics controlling → (application area of your choice), then Standard analyses → (available analyses) Note: You can also access LIS analyses transactions from the General Report Tree. For more information, refer to chapter 3 in book 1, Fundamentals of Reporting of this guidebook series. In the LIS, the application areas noted in the table on page 5-6 contain Standard analyses. These information systems within the LIS are commonly referred to as the XXX component of the LIS (where XXX represents the abbreviated or component information system name shown in the table on the next page). Examples: The SIS component of LIS, or the LIS- Inventory Controlling Information System (INVCO). Most reports and reporting capabilities within the R/3 system are under a particular information system. However, the term information system can be a likely source of confusion. This chapter deals with an information system called the LIS which is uniquely characterized by the following components: < Information structures < Standard analyses < Flexible analyses The LIS should not be confused with other information systems in the R/3 System, for example: < Human Resources Information System < Executive Information System Although there are some similarities between the LIS and the other information systems, each information system has its own unique features. Beyond the basics, each information system requires specialized learning. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Reporting Made Easy 5–6 Component Information System (Abbreviation) R/3 Application Area Some of the Available Standard Analyses Inventory Controlling (INVCO) Materials Management- Inventory Management Plant, Storage Location, Material, and Batches Purchasing Information System (PURCHIS) Materials Management- Purchasing (including External Services Management) Purchasing Group, Vendor, Material Group, and Material Sales Information System (SIS) Sales and Distribution Customer, Material, Sales Organization, Shipping Point, Sales Employee, and Sales Office Shop Floor Information System (SFIS) Production Planning Work Center, Operation, Material, and Production Order Plant Maintenance Information System (PMIS) Plant Maintenance Object Class, Manufacturer, Location, Planner Group, and Damage Analysis Quality Management Information System (QMIS) Quality Management Lots and Notifications by Material, Vendor, and Customer Retail Information System (RIS) SAP Retail Perishables, Physical Inventory, and Rough Workload Estimate Warehouse Management Information System (WMIS) Materials Management- Warehouse Management Stock Placement/Removal, Flow of Quantities, Material Placement Removal, Material Flows, and Movement Types Service Management Information System 1 (SMIS) Service Management Object Class, Manufacturer, Planner Group, Damage Analysis, Object Statistics, Breakdown Analysis, Cost Analysis, and Problem Notifications 1 Service Management is an information system for the Service Management application module that uses concepts which are similar to the Plant Maintenance and Sales Information Systems. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Report Development Tools 5–7 How Does LIS Standard Analyses Differ from Other Reporting Tools? Standard analyses differ from other reporting tools in the R/3 System in several ways. Information structures are the centerpiece of the LIS. Standard analyses read the data from these uniquely structured database tables. While other reporting tools/techniques may be used to read these tables, or to display their contents, the Standard analyses tool offers the best capabilities. Integration Standard analyses are tightly integrated with the rest of the R/3 System. For example, the classification system (a cross-application functionality that allows a user to categorize objects, for example, vendors, into groups as desired by the R/3 customer) can be read in real-time and incorporated into the Standard analyses. The Standard analyses tool, along with the Early Warning System (see below) can be used to start a workflow task (for example, starting a workflow by sending a workflow task to a single user or a group of users) when the specified number of service notifications for particular equipment is reached. Planning With Standard analyses, you can view both the “what-if” scenarios and current data in the same manner. In addition, you can do a comparison between the current data and the “what-if” data. Graphics Standard analyses can generate graphics such as Gantt charts, Time-series graphics, Cumulative curves, Correlations, ABC analyses, Classifications, Dual classifications, Comparisons, 2-D, and 3-D. The initial list (see the graphic on page 5–9) is simply that—an initial list of data that can be displayed to the user. Once inside the Standard analyses, reports of the report can be viewed to slice-and-dice the data in a variety of ways. Exception Analysis (Early Warning System—EWS) When running a Standard analysis, (either online, at-will, or in the background on a periodic basis), the Early Warning System (EWS) permits the output, or a certain action, to occur according to the user’s instructions. This functionality, for example, can be used to achieve proactive reporting. While one may find other reporting tools that support some form of exception reporting, the simplicity and the power behind the LIS EWS in Standard analyses is unparalleled. Enhancements The Standard analyses have SAP-delivered customer exits that may be utilized to enhance and include customer-specific requirements. Standard analyses offer exceptional method enhancements, list enhancements, and general customer enhancements. For more information on enhancements, refer to the R/3 online documentation. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Reporting Made Easy 5–8 Archiving Output from Standard analyses can be archived. Few other reporting tools in the R/3 System offer a similar level of archiving capabilities. User Settings In Standard analyses, it is possible to see a report based on, for example, the vendor, and then the vendor country. Using User settings you can set the drilldown paths (and default currency of a report and time period of report, etc.). What sets Standard analyses apart from other reporting tools is that with Standard analyses you can either set the drilldown path for all the users at a global level or for a specific user. What Are the Prerequisites? There are three main prerequisites to using Standard analyses: < Know the application and the type of analysis you want: Before running a Standard analysis you must know which logistics module you are interested in analyzing and what type of information you want to analyze. For example, if you are interested in a vendor analysis, you have to know that vendors are part of the Purchasing component. Similarly, if you want to do a customer analysis, you must know that customers are part of the Sales component. < Make sure there is data to analyze: Remember that information structures collect data as transactions occur. Therefore, there must be transactions in the desired component for any data to be available for analysis. If data does not exist, then the two most common causes are as follows: < The data is collected only when transactions occur. Therefore, there must be transactions in the desired component for any data to be available for analysis. < The information structure is not fully configured to collect data.  An information structure must exist and be active.  The mechanism and configuration required to put data into the information structure must exist and be active. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis Report Development Tools 5–9 Creating a Standard Analysis In this section, you will learn how to create a Standard analysis. This systematic approach is built around a sample report (see the graphic below). Take a minute to familiarize yourself with the scenario and the sample report. Example: Analyze the sales according to customers (sold-to-party) in the Sales Information System. Create an initial list of the customer analysis showing sales order and invoice information. Then, use Standard analyses to interactively view the list in different ways. The example illustrated in this section uses Release 4.5A. Although there are some minor differences, the basic concepts and approach is applicable to earlier releases as well. Shown below is the initial list for our example. In the following pages, you will see how this initial list was created. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis Reporting Made Easy 5–10 Follow these steps to run a Standard analysis: 1. Decide which data you want to see. 2. Determine the Component Information System that is likely to contain the data. 3. Enter the selection criteria for the Standard analysis. 4. Run the Standard analysis. 5. Create an initial list. 6. Slice-and-dice the data as needed. Slice-and-dice data as needed Slice-and-dice data as needed 6 Create an initial list Create an initial list 5 Run the standard analysis Run the standard analysis Enter the selection criteria Enter the selection criteria Determine the component information system Determine the component information system Decide which data you want to see Decide which data you want to see 1 2 3 4 Guided Tour Step 1: Decide Which Data You Want to See Before you can create a Standard analysis, you must know which data is to be included in your analysis. The type of data you need depends on the type of analysis you want to perform. In our example, the data must include customers (sold-to-party), sales orders, and invoice information. Step 2: Determine the Component Information System Next, you must determine the application component where the desired data is likely to reside. Use the table on page 5-6 to help you determine the relevant application. [...]... list, choose 2 2 Exit Report Development Tools 5–19 Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis Document Information To see the documents that make up the aggregated values in the Standard analysis: 6 1 In the Customer Analysis: Initial list screen, select the customer whose documents you want to see (not shown) 2 From the menu bar, choose Extras → Document information → Billing documents... an overview of the billing document An overview of the selected billing document appears 1 2 2 Choose Environment → Document flow Report Development Tools 5–21 Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Getting the Most from LIS Standard Analyses: Tips & Tricks The document flow for invoice 90007540 appears The Back button returns you to the list selection screen, then back to the Standard analysis You can access... organization you entered on your Standard analysis selection screen are not carried over 5–20 Reporting Made Easy Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis From this list, you can double-click on the document that you are interested in, and use document flow to see the related documents (for example, sales order, delivery, and accounting) 1 Double-click on the billing document 90007540 to get... initial list 5–12 Reporting Made Easy Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis Step 6: Slice and Dice Data as Needed In this section you will learn about the following Standard analyses features: < Drilldown Drilldown by selected characteristics Switch drilldown characteristics < Key figures Choose key figures Sort by key figure < Ranking list < Values as percentages < ABC analyses. .. with a date range, including the current month Step 4: Run the Standard Analysis You are now ready to run the Standard analysis based on the selection criteria chosen in step 3 1 1 Choose Execute Report Development Tools 5–11 Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis Step 5: Create the Initial List This is the initial list of your analysis It displays the key figures—incoming orders,... on the toolbar (not shown) 5–18 7 Reporting Made Easy Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis For better viewing, maximize your graphics window The display to the right shows you do about 78% of your business with about 8% of your customers 1 To see the details in list format, choose Total list 1 The ABC analysis appears in list format 2 Perform one of the following steps: To return... information structures for Inventory controlling Reporting Made Easy Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Getting the Most from LIS Standard Analyses: Tips & Tricks < Characteristics: If you create a cross-application information structure, make sure that all the characteristics of your information structure can be determined by all the documents that will be updating the information structure For example,... jump to examine documents or master data However, Standard analyses is a tool designed for viewing aggregated data, not transactional level data < Standard analyses includes the built-in ability to sort, convert currency, and produce graphics, Top N analyses, cumulative frequency curves, correlations, ABC analyses, classifications, and comparisons of two key figures online < Standard analyses provides... → Document information → Billing documents (for example) → Billing docs list (not shown) 3 4 5 3 This path brings you to the standard billing document list in SD Notice that the Payer field is prefilled for Becker Berlin (the selected customer) 4 Enter the date range for the billing documents 5 Choose Open billing docs or All billing docs 6 Choose Enter Be sure to enter the appropriate date range and... Made Easy Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis Ranking List To see the top 10 customers based on the bookings value (incoming orders key figure): 4 2 1 Select the column heading for Incoming orders 1 2 Choose Top N 3 In the Top N window, enter 10 (not shown) Notice that the remaining customers are totaled separately in the last row (Rest) 4 Choose View → Cancel ranking list to . Information Systems. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Report Development Tools 5–7 How Does LIS Standard Analyses Differ. online documentation. Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses Reporting Made Easy 5–8 Archiving Output from Standard analyses