Tài liệu Exampless climate change adaptation docx

EXAMPLES EXAMPLES OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION Some Examples Some Examples of Climate Change Adaptation of Climate Change Adaptation • In the Netherlands, the design of (unavoidable) new engineering works with a long lifetime like storm surge barriers and dams will incorporate an expected SLR of 50 cm. Maeslantkering storm surge barrier near Rotterdam completed in 1997 The first case under the new rule to incorporate 50 cm SLR. • The designed discharge for the Rhine in the Netherlands will be increased from 15.000 to 16.000 m 3 /s by 2015 and it is planned to increase to 18.000 m 3 /s in the long term, due to CC. • In the UK, a Flood Risk Management Plan is currently being developed to protect London and the Thames Estuary for the next 100 years. A multi-faceted study of adaptation options underway includes 337 km of coastal defenses with nine barriers. • In the UK, design flood magnitudes can be increased by 20% to reflect the possible effects of CC. Some Examples of Climate Change Adaptation Some Examples Some Examples of Climate Change Adaptation of Climate Change Adaptation Bangladesh (2005), Bhutan (2007), Burundi (2007), Cambodia (2006), Comoros (2006), Djibouti (2006), Eritrea (2007), Guinée (2007), Haiti (2006), Kiribati (2007), Lesotho (2007), Madagascar (2006), Malawi (2006), Mauritania (2004), Mali (2007), Niger (2006), Congo (2006), Rwanda (2006), Samoa (2005), Sénégal (2006), Sudan (2007), Tomé E Príncipe (2006), Tuvalu (2007), Tanzania (2007), Zambia (2007). China announced “Climate Change Program”in July 2007. Many countries have developed “National Adaptation Program of Action, NAPA” such as: Challenge 1: Identify a priority sector, region, population and climate threat • All of the NAPAs have clearly identified priority risks. Given the mandate for NAPAs to identify urgent needs. • A remaining challenge is the link between current climatic risks and longer-term CC. To reduce climate vulnerability, urgent action is required and justified. Because CC impacts will occur over the coming decades, therefore further monitoring, assessment and development of robust strategies and policies is Some Challenges to the NAPAs About 45 countries have undertaken NAPA processes, as of Sep. 2007, about 21 NAPA reports have submitted to UNFCCC. Many methods are used to capture current social, economic and environmental vulnerability to existing climatic stresses and future risks. Challenge 2: Identify a priority project for funding • The NAPA projects typically identify several adaptation projects, in some cases more than ten. • GEF has provided support to transform projects from this initial menu into fundable projects. • Translating the NAPA profile into a project document requires additional planning and assessment, notably when defining the project baseline and conforming to donor rules, such as providing matching funds. Challenges to the NAPAs Challenge 3: Learning by doing - implementing projects • The NAPA process is seen as an ongoing planning process that raises awareness amongst national and often local stakeholders. • It is too early to assess the extent of learning from the NAPA process, or from initial adaptation projects. • Yet, there has been no independent review of the NAPAs or of the outcomes of adaptation projects. Challenges to the NAPAs Challenge 4: Mainstream climate adaptation through national policy and strategy • NAPAs are intended to build upon and become mainstreamed into and integrated with existing national development plans. Such plans include poverty reduction strategies, sustainable development strategies, national conservation strategies, disaster preparedness or management plans and sectoral plans. • Activities recommended within a NAPA must complement and do not duplicate plans already initiated. • Mainstreaming NAPAs into national development processes requires that a variety of barriers, many of hi h l h ll ff i i bl Challenges to the NAPAs Challenge 5: Address climate adaptation beyond national action • Some aspects of climate adaptation surpass national action. The most obvious case is transboundary water resources management. • So, regional planning and foresight is essential. Challenges to the NAPAs . EXAMPLES OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION Some Examples Some Examples of Climate Change Adaptation of Climate Change Adaptation. effects of CC. Some Examples of Climate Change Adaptation Some Examples Some Examples of Climate Change Adaptation of Climate Change Adaptation Bangladesh (2005),