bien chiing eua Georg Wilhelm Hegel (1770-1831), ngUdi dA- dat tien de quan trpng cho quan niem bien chiing duy v^t ciia Marx va Engels ciing nhu cho cac quan niem bien chiing duy tam [r]
(1)TRIET HOC DirC VA NHUNG ANH H I / N G CUA NO VIET NAM: VAI NET KHAI Ll/OC
VA SUY TU" Tir GIAC DO LIEN VAN HOA
NGUYEN VU HAO*
Trong mpt y nghia nhift dinh, moi dan tpc khong the khong CO triet hpc cua minh Triet hpe 1^ tinh hoa van hoa cua mpt dan toe, eiia mpt cpng dong xa hpi, ciia mpt thdi dai, la nen tang sau xa cua mpi linh vUe ddi song tinh than xa hoi No la cd sd dinh hudng the gidi quan va phUdng phap luan cho cac khoa hpc tu nhien, khoa hpe xa hpi va nhan van, 1^ nhan sinh quan, la kim chi nam cho cac hanh vi va boat dong cua moi eon ngUdi cpng dong xa hpi Mat khae, moi nen triet hpc lai khong the p h a t trien sU co lap, tach biet khoi cac nen triet hpc cua eac dan tpc khae Trong qua trinh phat trien cua minh, eac nen triet hpc eua cac dan toe khae luon c6 xu hUdng giao thoa, tiep bien, anh hUdng, tac dong den lam thay doi dien mao ciia minh, vd iii lam thay doi bp m a t xa hpi cua moi quo'e gia
Mae dii each xa ve dia ly, nhUng Viet Nam va Diic la nhiing quo'e gia co kha nhieu diem tUdng dong ve lich sU,
(2)chinh tri, xa hpi va tU tUdng Trong khuon kho bai viet nky, chiing toi cd' gang phae hpa mpt phan ciia qua trinh giao luu van hoa Diic - Viet linh vuc triet hpc, linh vuc cot loi nhat ciia ddi song tinh than moi dan tpc, va budc dau xem x6t nhCtng anh hUdng cua triet hpc DUc d Viet Nam
I KHAI woe VE TRIET HOC Dl/C
Trudc het, van de dat la: Lieu c6 cai dUdc gpi la triet hpc Diic khong? Va neu eo, triet hpc Diic dUdc hinh va phat trien sao?
K h a i n i e m " t r i e t h o c Diic"
Da til lau, khai niepi "triet hpc Due" dUdc sU dung khong chi bdi chinh cac triet gia DUc, ma dUdc thiJa nhan rpng rai bdi cac nha tU tUdng d nhieu nUdc tren the gidi Mpt nhiing minh chiJtng cho dieu I^ khai niem "Triet hpc C6 dien Ddc"', khai niem dUdc Engels dua tac phJm: Ludwig Feuerbach vd sU cdo chung cua triet hoc Co diin DiJtc Khai niem da trd nen quen thupe trudc het doi vdi cac nha triet hpe macxit tren the gidi Doi vdi gidi triet hpc quoc te, nUdc Diic thUc sU la mpt cUdng quoc triet hpc, que hUdng cua nen triet hpc the gidi, ndi da *an sinh cho nhan loai nhiing nha triet hpe eo t^m ed the gidi nhU Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Husserl, Heidegger, Wittgenstein, Gadamer, Habermas va dac biet la Marx va Engels vdi nhiing tu tUdng vl dai co tinh vUdt thdi dai va co anh hudng
(3)sau sac den to^n bp lich stf triet hpc the gidi va den dien mao ddi song tinh th^n ciia nhieu dan tpc tren the gidi
'Triet hpc Diic" 1^ khai niem mang tinh lich sii No gan li^n vdi v6 so' cac trao lUu triet hpc khae dUde hinh th&nh d nude Dtic va mpt so'cac quoc gia ndi tieng Diic d chau Au Triet hpc Diic phan anh ro net tinh than dan tpc DUc, mot nhiing dan tpc luon co' gang chiing minh siic so'ng manh liet ciia minh bang viec di tien phong viec de xu^'t nhiing tU tUdng cd tinh chat budc ngoat, md cho nhan loai nhiing trien vpng mdi
Stf lUtfc ve lich stf t r i e t hoc Diic
Triet hpc Diic dUdc hinh tren cd sd truyen thong triet hpc co Hy Lap, dac biet tren nen tang ciia he thong triet hoc ciia Platon va Aristot, ket hdp vdi nhiing tU tUdng Cd do'e giao Lich sii triet hpc Diic co the chia lam giai doan phat trien nhu sau:
(4)Giai doan thit hai cua lich sU triet hpc Bute Id giai doan Phuc d DUc tit the ky XV-the ky XVH: Giai doan nky dudc danh da'u bdi tu tUdng triet hpc cua Nikolaus Cusanus (1401-1464), triet gia noi tieng theo quan niem tU nhien thAn luan, ngUdi da dat cd sd cho triet hpc cua Leibnis va Hegel sau bang viec dua nguyen ly dong ve sU dong nhat cua cac mat doi lap Ben canh do, phai ke den ten tuoi cua Agrippa von Nettesheim (14861535), Aureolus Paracelsus (14931541) -nhung triet gia muon trd ve vdi eac tU tUdng eua Hy Lap CO dai hay Valentin Weigel (1533-1588), Jakob Boehme (1575-1662), dac biet la Martin Luther (1483-1546) - ngUdi khdi xudng dao Tin lanh, Philipp Melanchthon (14971560) -ngUdi sang lap trUdng phai kinh vien mdi tin lanh, c6 anh hUdng suot hdn 200 nam sau Ngoai ra, d giai doan n^y, ciing khong the khong nhic den Ulrich Zwingli (1487-1531) Sebastian Franck (1499-1542)
(5)Khai sang Dtte n^y c6 khuynh hudng sung bai ehii nghia ly v^ de cao vai tro ciia ly tinh Cuoi ciing, triet hpc Khai sang Diic da cha'm diit su ton tai va bi phe phan bdi Job Georg Hamann (1730-1788) - nha triet hpc Cd do'e giao cd anh hudng, bdi Friedrich Heinrich Jaeobi (1743-1819) vdi triet hpe ve tinh cam va diie tin, bdi Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832), ngUdi da dat tien de cho ehii nghia lang man Ddc vk dae biet la Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803), ngUdi dat nhiing tien de quan trpng cho quan niem vat ve lich sii sau va dong thdi la mot doi thii triet hpe eiia Kant
(6)bien chiing eua Georg Wilhelm Hegel (1770-1831), ngUdi dA-dat tien de quan trpng cho quan niem bien chiing v^t ciia Marx va Engels ciing nhu cho cac quan niem bien chiing tam triet hpc phUdng Tay sau Giai doan trift hpc C6 dien Diic ket thiic d Ludwig Feuerbach (1804-1872) ngUdi da phe phan Hegel tif lap trUdng ciia chu nghia vat nhan ban phi bien chiing ngUdi da e6 anh hUdng dang kl den su hinh the gidi quan vat eiia Marx va EngeU Dong thdi vdi giai doan phat trien ciia triet hpc Co diin DUc ciing hinh cac trudng phai triet hpc khae nhu chu nghia nhan van (Humanismus) cua Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767-1835) hay phai lang man (Romantik) cua Friedrich SchiUer (1759-1805), eua Johann Wolffgang Goethe (1749-1832), eiia Friedrich von Hardenberg Novalis (1772-1801) va ciia Friedrich Daniel Enst Schleiermacher (1768-1834) Nhiing nha triet hpe Diic de cao mon my hpc, ehii trUdng gan nghe thuat, dac biet la thd ca vdi triet hpc
- Giai doan thit ndm cia lich si triet hoc Ditc Id giai doan hau triet hoc Co dien Ditc keo dk\ tir giOa the ky XIX din Day la mpt nhCtng giai doan phat trien rUc rd nh^t cua triet hoe Diic vdi sU hinh va phat trien da dang,
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phong phu cua hang loat eac trao luu triet hpc khae cd anh hudng Idn den sU phat trien ciia triet hpc the gidi Chung gom cd ca nhiing trao luu triet hpc ly, lan triet hpc phi ly, ca triet hpe tam, triet hpc ton giao, l^n triet hpc vat
(7)iKu trieft hpe macxit, triet hpe cua chu nghia vat bien chiing v^ chu nghia vat lich sii Karl Marx (1818-1883) va Friedrich Engels (1820-1895) sang lap va dUdc Vladimir I Lenin ciing n h u eae nha triet hpc macxit, dac biet d Lien X6 vk cac nUdc xa hpi chu nghia khae (trong c6 Cpng hoa Dan chu Diie) ke tuc va p h a t trien Triet hpc mac xit da trd th^nh n^n tang ly lu|in cho cac Dang Cpng san, ehi dao thUe tien each mang cua giai cKp cong n h a n va n h a n dan lao dong d nhieu nUdc tren the gidi
Tuy nhien, ben canh trao lUu triet hpc macxit, suot giai doan n^y ciia lich svt triet hpc Diic, eo the chiing kien • m6t thdi ky nd hang loat eac trUdng phai, cac trao lUu ^ trift hpc Idn khae vdi sU tham gia eiia v6 so eac nha triet hpc Diic cd anh hudng Idn den dien mao ciia triet hpc phUdng Tay I dUdng dai* Trong so do, trUdc het phai ke den chii nghia t Hegel (Hegelianismus) vdi Ferdinant Lassalle (1825-1864)
(canh hiiu) va Max Stirner (1806-1856), David Friedrich Strauss (1808-1874) v.v (cahh ta); chu nghia Kant mdi \- (Neukantianismus) vdi cac triet gia tieu bieu nhU Hermann
' Cohen (1842-1918), Paul Natorp (1854-1924), Ernst Gassier (1874-1945) v.v (thupe trUdng phai Marburg) va Heinrich Rickert (1863-1936), Wilhelm Wmdelband (1848-1915) Emil Lask (1875-1915) v.v (thupe trUdng phai Tay Nam nUde £hic); ban the luan mdi vdi Nicolai H a r t m a n n (1882-1950); tli§'t hpc ddi song (Lebensphilo-ophie) vdi Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860), Georg Simmel (1858-1918), Wilhelm Dilthey
(8)(1833-1911), chu nghia phe phan kinh nghiem (Empiokritizism) vdi Richard Avenarius (1843-1896) va Ernst Mach (1838-1916); hien tUdng luftn (Phaenomenologie) vdi Franz Brentano (1838-1917), Alois Hoefler (1853-1922) dac biet vdi Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) v^ Max Seheler (1874-1928); chu nghia h i ^ sinh (Existenzialismus) vdi Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) Karl Jaspers (1883-1969); triet hoc phan tfch (analytische Philosophie) vdi Gottlob Frege (1848-1925), dftc bi§t vdi Ludwig Wittgenstein (1989-1951); nhan hoc triet hoc vdi Helmuth Plessner (1892-1985) va Arnold Gehlen (1904-1976); chu giai hoc (Hermeneutik) vdi Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900-); trUdng phai Franfurt (Franfurter Schule) vdi Theodor Adomo (1903-1969), Max Horkheimer (1895-1973), Juergen Habermas (1929-); trudng phai Erlang (Erlanger Schule) vdi Paul Lorenzen (1915-), Peter Janich (1942-), Friedrich Kambartel (1935-) v^ Oswald Sehwemmer (1941-) v.v '
Trong so cac tr^o lUu tren, phai ke ddn mot so tr^o Iifu chu yeu nha't hien vlin dang bien trift hoc Dtte hien nay: 1) Hien tUOng lu^n eua Husserl v^ eac hoc trd cua ong; 2) Triet hoc hien sinh cua M Heidegger vk K Jaspers; 3) Ban the luan mdi eua N Hartmann wk cac hpc tro cua ong; 4) Chii giai hoc cua Gadamer; 5) L^ thuyet phd phan cua Adorno, Horkheimer va Habermas (trUdng phai Franfurt) vk 6) Triet hoc phan tich eua Wittgenstein v^ cac hoc tro cua ong; vk 7) Triet hoc cua tnJdng phai Erlang cua Lorenzen v4 eac hoc trd cua ong
(9)Tom lai, chiing ta cd the thay mpt biic t r a n h v6 cung phong phu v^ da dang eac trao lUu, eac trUdng phai triet hoc dtfdc hinh t h a n h va p h a t trien rue rd ^ o t gan mot ng^n nam qua eua lich sii triet hoe Diic Cac trao luu §'y da dua cac tu tudng khae nhau, cac each ly giai khae ve cac van de sau xa n h a t eua ton tai ngudi, cua nen van h6a, van minh, cua the gidi tU nhien va xa hpi cua ngudi, va da xem xet cac van de lich su triet hpc, nhan hpc, dao dute hoc, my hpe, logic, triet hpc ngon nga, ly thuyet khoa hpc, cac v£i'n de phat trien xa hpi NhOng tU tudng triet hpc cua cac trao luu triet hpe Diic d cac miic dp khae da dong gop vko di san tinh hoa van hoa cua nhan loai va co nhOng anh hUcing quan trpng viec p h a t trien tU triet hpc cua nhan loai Tren thUe te, nhOng t u tudng triet hpc ay, CO tu tudng triet hpe maexft, da vuot ngoai bien gidi nUde Ddc va chau Au, giao thoa va tac dong den eac tU tudng triet hoc d eac nUdc khae n h a u tren the gidi va trd t nh mot nhijtng nguon q u a n trpng cua nen van minh vat chat va tinh than eua n h a n loai
11 Sir DU NHAP CUA CAC TU* T U ' O N G TRIET HOC DlTC VA N H I J N G A N H HUrdNG C U A CHUNG d VIET NAM
De hieu ro qua t r i n h du n h a p cua cac tU tudng, eac trao liTu triet hpc Diic vao Viet Nam va nhOng anh hUdng cua chiing d Viet Nam, trUdc het can lam ro bo'i canh lich sU ciia no tix giac dp lien van hoa
(10)biet la cua cac tU tudng tam giao (Nho, Phat va Dao) vdi cac tu tudng triet hpc ban dia cua ngudi Viet Cac tu tudng ban dia ay khong chi g^n lien vdi triet ly dan gian dupe ket tinh eac truyen truyen thuyet, truyen co tich, truyen ng\i ngon, cac cau ca dao, tuc ngtt, cac Idi dSn day, khong chi gftn lien vdi phUdng thiie song, vdi eac phong tuc, eac thdi quen truyen thong, vdi cac hanh vi, cac hanh dong, eac each doi nhan xu the phu hdp vdi tinh each cua ngudi Viet nen vkn hoa ban dia , ma gan lien vdi cac tU tUdng yeu nUdc the hien y chi dpc lap tU chu, tU lap tu cUdng cua dan tpc cupe dau tranh chdng cac the luc ngoai bang xam lu^ Trong qua trinh giao hpi lien van hoa ^'y, cac tu tudng triet hpc tam giao da dUdc th^m thau qua bp Ipc eua ngUdi Vi^t, dupe bien doi dudi l&ng kinh cua ngUdi Viet, dUdc Viet hoa dd trd nhQng tu tUdng mang ban skc rieng cua ngUdi Viet Dieu dUdc thi hien eac suy tu eiia cac nhk tU tudng Viet Nam nhu TrSn Thai Tong TrAn Nhan Tong, Tu$ Trung ThUdng si, Nguyen Trai, Nguyen Binh Khiem MM khae, cac qua trinh du nh^p eua cac tU tudng tri^t hpc phudng Dong ^'y v^o Viet Nam cung khong phai 1^ cac qua trinh diin hoan toan biet lap vdi nhau, ma giiia chung c6 sU giao thoa, dung hdp, tich hdp bo sung, dan xen lAn Dieu han che va lam diu di eac kha n^ng xung dot hen vkn h6a
(11)Montesquieu, Rosseau, Voltaire v.v.) vao Viet Nam da c^ng mpt gia tang dae biet dUdi thdi thupe dia eua thue dan Phap, nha't la t\X dau the ky XX Cac tU tudng phUdng Tay ^y da dUde truyen ba thong qua cac sach dich, qua Tan van Tan thu v^ qua t^ng Idp tri thiic thupe phai Tay hpc, nhiing ngUdi da dUdng cao ngpn cd dan chu, bae ai, tu ca nhan, ch^ng •han la thong qua td bao "Phong h6a" hay tap ehi "Nam phong" nhu mpt Vien Han lam thu nho cua Viet Nam 8uot gan 20 nam boat dong cua nd (t\X 1913-1932)'
Su du nhgtp cua cac tU tudng triet hpe Diic vao Viet Nam da diin bo'i canh ^'y va thue sU bit dau ke tii nhOng th^p ky dau tien cua the ky XX Chu nghia Mac va triet hpc Mac dUde biet den nhu la trao luu triet hpe dau tien va eo anh hudng manh me den cac bien eo' chinh tri - xa hpi quan trpng'nha't d Viet Nam suot 100 nam qua va co tac dpng den toan bp ddi so'ng vat chat va tinh than ciia xa hpi Vi§t Nam Neu vao nhiing thap ky d^u tien eiia the ky XX, ngudi ta eon tranh luan: "Lieu chii nghia Mac, triet hpc macxit vdi tU each la mpt hpc thuyet triet hpe phUdng Tay co the dUdc du nhap vao mpt xa hpi phUdng Dong nhu Viet Nam hay khong?", thi den nay, g^n 100 nam sau, khong e6 the nghi ngd ve dieu do, khong c6 the nghi ngd vao nhiing diem tUdng dong va kha nang dung hdp giiia eac tu tUdng phudng Dong truyen thdhg va cac tu tudng phUdng Tay macxit Mac dii ehiia dUng ben ca nhiing kha nang
(12)xung khic gay git, qua trinh du nhdp cua triet hpc Mac vdi t u each la mpt trao luu Idn eiia triet hpc Diic v^o Viet Nam da dat dUde dinh cao cua no vdi nhiing qua rUc r6: Triet hpc macxit ma linh hon ciia nd la phep bien chiing vat da trd triet hpc c6 dia vi thong tri xa hpi, \k nen tang cd ban cua che dp xa hpi ciia ddi song tinh than xa hpi Viet Nam dUdng dai Tren thue te, su du nh^p eua chu nghia Mae ndi chung va triet hpe Mac ndi rieng v^o Vi$t Nam - theo sU lua chpn cua lanh tu Ho Chi Minh va nhijtng ngudi cpng san Viet Nam - da mang lai nhiing th^nh tuu to Idn, khong the phii nhan: giai phdng dat nUdc khdi ach h$ thuc dan, de quoc ngoai bang, gianh lai nen doe lap cho dA't nUde va budc dau mang lai cho nhan dan mot cupe song tot hdn
Trong so' nhiing nha nghien ciiu chu nghia Mac, phii k^ den giao sU Tr^n Diic Thao, ngudi da den vdi chu nghia Mac tren cd sd phe phan Hien tUdng lu^n ciia Husserl ciing nhi/ chii nghia hien sinh Phap (J P Sartre) v^o nhiing nam trUdc va sau chien tranh the gidi thii h a i \
Tuy nhien, phai thita nhan r i n g , sU tiep thu triet hpc Mkc d Viet Nam nhieu thap ky chij yeu la theo dUdng gian tiep, chu yeu qua cac nha triet hpc macxit X6 viet, qua cac nguon tU lieu sach bao cua Lien X6, Trung Quoc v^ cac nUdc xa hpi ehii nghia Dong Au Cach tiep thu nhu vay tao nhiing kho khan nhat dinh qua trinh nh^n thiic vi giao luu vdi cac tu tUdng triet hpc khae
(13)Mat khae, su du nhap cac tU tudng triet hpe Diic ngoai macxit vao Viet Nam niia d^u the ky XX, ke ca suot gin 100 nam qua mdi chi ditng lai d miic dp rat ban che d Viet Nam, ndi den triet hpc Diic trUdc Mae, ngoai triet hpc co dien Diic, ngudi ta ciing chi biet d miie dp rat khiem ton ve .rnpt vai nha triet hpe nhu Nikolaus Cusanus, Martin Luther, Goethe, Humboldt, Leibniz so' hang chue nha triet hpe 16n thupe cac trao luu khae ciia lich sii triet hpc Diie Tuy vay, tinh hinh nghien ciiu va giang day ve triet hpe Co dien Diie vdi tu each la tien de ly luan cho sU ddi triet hpe Mac (ve Kant, Fichte, Schelling, Hegel va Feuerbach) la ed phan tot hdn Ngoai nhiing phan ra, nghien ciiu ve giai doan hinh triet hpe Diic, giai doan triet hpc Phuc Diic, giai doan triet hpc Khai sang Diic, nha't giai doan hau triet hpc CO dien Diic (gom ca triet hpc Diic hien nay) hau nhu bi bd trong' Dieu co nguyen nhan ciia no Trong nhieu thap ky trUde doi mdi, xu^t hien quan niem sieu hinh eUc doan cho rSng, chi can giang day va nghien ciiu triet hpc Mac - Lenin, hb\ vi triet hpe macxit la dinh cao cua lich sii triet hpc the gidi, la chan ly tuyet doi khong the bi vUdt qua; Khong c^n nghien ciiu hay giang day ve bat cii mpt trao lUu triet hpc ngoai macxit nao ea Hau qua eiia phUdng phap tiep can sieu hinh mk ve thue chat la phi macxit, phi bien chiing ay la thUe trang rA't khiem to'n eua viec nghien ciiu tim hieu ciing nhu giang day ve cac tr^o lUu triet hpc phUdng Tay dxiOng dai ndi chung v^ triet hpc Diic ngoai macxit ndi rieng d Viet Nam
(14)Nhan xet ve hien trang va sU can thiet phai co each tiep can bien chiing doi vdi cac trao luu triet hpc phUdng Tay hien dai, Nghi quyet 01 28 thang n^m 1992 cua Bp Chinh tri Ban Ch^'p hanh Trung Udng \kn thii VII cua Dang Cpng san Viet Nam co doan viet: Chung ta da "ehUa coi trpng viec nghien ciiu cac trao luu khae va tiep nhan nhiing tUu cua the gidi", "hau qua 1^ so dong can bp ly luAn thieu hieu biet rpng rai ve kho tang tri thiic cua lo^i ngudi d6 kha nkng bi han che*' Dudi anh sang ciia dUdng loi doi mdi Dang khdi xUdng, va cac nghi quyet ciia Dang, nhOng nam vita qua viec nghien ciiu v^ giang day ve cac trao luu triet hpc Diie ngoai macxit budc d^u dUde khdi ddng Cd the ddn cii vai vi du: mpt so nguyen tac ciia triet hpc Diic da dUde djch tieng Viet nhU: Phe phan ly tinh thudn tiiy ciia Kant (bdi dich gia Biii VSn Nam Sdn), My hoc cua Hegel (bdi dich gia Phan Ngpc), mot vai bai vicft nhd ciia Heidegger, Jaspers Trong may n^m qua, mpt so cuon sach chuyen ve triet hpc Diic ciing mdi dUdc xu^'t ban nhU Chan dung triet hoc Due Quang Chien chu bien (Ha Npi, 2000); Quan mem ciia Hegel ve ban chat cua triet hoc cua Nguyen Trpng ChuAn va Do Minh Hdp v.v Gan day nha't, cuoi thang 12 nam 2004, mpt cupe Hpi thao Quoc te vdi quy md* Idn ve Triet hpc Co dien Diic nhan dip 200 nam mat cua Kant da dUdc td chiic lan d i u tien tai Trudng Dai hpc Khoa hpc Xa hpi vi nhan van, Dai hpc Quoc gia Ha Npi va thu hiit dUdc sii quan tam dac biet cua gidi triet hpc Viet Nam'
1 Xem Trinh Tri Thijfc va Nguyen Vu Hao (chu bien): Triet hoc co diin Due: nhOrng van di nhan thitc luan vd dao duc hoc (ky yeu Hpi thao Qu& le) Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia Ha Npi 2006
(15)Tuy nhien, viec nghien ciiu va giang day triet hpe Diic d Viet Nam hien - mac dii dang dUde khuyen khich - v i n dang d tinh trang het stte kho khan: C6 qua it chuyen gia, cd qda ft t u Heu, nha't 1^ cac t u heu nguyen tac dUdc dich tieng Viet Trir cac tac pham cua Marx va Engels, va mpt vai tac phim le te khae ke tren eiia cac triet gia Diie, h^u het cac tac ph^m nguyen tac eiia eae triet gia Diic noi tieng nhu Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Husserl, Heidegger, Wittgenstein, Gadamer, Habermas v.v deu ehUa dUde dich tieng Viet Cac sinh vien, hpc vien cao hpc, nghien ciiu sinh va eae nha nghien ciiu dang rat thieu eae tai lieu nghien cttu v^ cac tu lieu nguyen tac ciia eae triet gia Diie, nhu c^u va mong muon nghien ciiu triet hpe Diic ed xu hudng ngky cang tSng Viec nghien eiiu ve triet hpc Diic d Viet Nam hien vkn eon eo nhieu mang dat chua dUdc khai pha
L O I KET
Cho den nay, d Viet Nam, ngudi ta cdn biet qua it va ehUa d^y dii ve cac trao lUu triet hpc d nude Diic, ndi da san sinh cac nha triet hpc Idn c6 anh hUdng dang ke den tien trinh phat trien eiia lich sU triet hpc the gidi That tie'e r^ng, nhieu nha triet hpc Idn ngUdi Diic vdi nhiing tU tudng mang tinh VUdt thdi dai ciia hp lai trd nen xa la doi vdi nhieu ngUdi Viet Nam, tham chi doi vdi nhieu tri thiic Viet Nam
(16)