Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems

One of the biggest problems facing people who live in cities is environmental issues, especially air pollution. When a city’s population becomes increasingly crowded, the demand for electric and transportation use increases in unison, thus increasing the emittance of air pollutants such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. As IPCC (2001) pointed out, fossil fuels used widely since the mid19th century in overcrowded areas led to over 1100Gt CO2 discharged into the air. These substances cause air quality in urban areas to reach alarming levels. Take Hanoi as an illustration, with a great deal of exhaust fumes are released from more than 5 million motorbikes and 550,000 cars of urban dwellers, in recent days, the capitals Air Quality Index (AQI) recorded tends to increase significantly, which means air quality in Hanoi has deteriorated seriously. (Phan Anh, Gia Chinh, and Vo Hai, 2019). Thus, the solution to reduce the emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere is using renewable energy sources. According to Agudo (2018), individuals can minize the emission burping from transports by using biodiesel. The government can launch a “living carfree” campaign that is regarded as “the closest high impact action, resulted in an estimated 1,000 5,300 kg reduction in CO2 per year”. (Davis, Arnocky, and Stroink, 2019).

Faculty of English Language Teacher Education Division II 3B Writing Assignment Cover Sheet Student Name/ID: Tran Thi Khanh Chi Dinh Thi Duyen Vi Thi Nguyet Ha Essay genre: Problem-Solution Essay Essay title: Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems Identify one or two serious problems and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems Word Count: 545 words We declare that all material in this assignment is our own work except where is a clear acknowledgement or reference to the work of others Signed…………………………………Date………………………………………… I declare that all material in this assignment is my own work except where there is clear acknowledgement or reference to the work of others Signed…………………… ……………….Date……………………………… Conditions  There will be automatic deductions of 10% for work, which is 10% over or under word limit  There will be automatic deduction of 50% for work with fewer than TWO cited references  Errors in referencing will result in up to 10% of deduction of marks  Resubmission is required if plagiarism exceeds 10% of the word count (excluding reference list) A maximum of 80% will be awarded for the resubmitted version  Work not submitted on time without prior approval will be penalized by 5% per day Late work will not be accepted once the marked assignments have been returned or after weeks after due date, unless an extension has been granted Assessor’s comments:………………………………………………………… Assessment: …………………… Assessor’s Signature (optional):………………… Dated: …………………… I Reading-Writing Assignment Report Question Report Who wrote the first draft of the first Tran Khanh Chi essay? Who wrote the second draft of the first Dinh Thi Duyen essay? Who wrote the first draft of the second Vi Thi Nguyet Ha essay? Who wrote the second draft of the Dinh Thi Duyen second essay? Who wrote the first draft of the third Dinh Thi Duyen essay? Who wrote the second draft of the third Dinh Thi Duyen essay? Who did more research for the reading - Vi Thi Nguyet Ha – she found materials? good reading materials - Dinh Thi Duyen – she found more reading materials but some of them are not completely effective - Tran Khanh Chi – she was responsible for gathering reading resoureces of Duyen and Ha into word version to submit to teacher Who made the notes of the selected - Ha and Chi were responsible for reading texts? summarizing reading texts and taking note main ideas - Duyen was responsible for interacting with reading texts and vocabulary texts and paraphrasing Was the work divided equally among Because Chi (the leader of group) three members? didn’t divide specifically the things to for the members, Duyen wrote more in the process of writing essays Was there any emerging problem during Chi submitted her content later than the process of assignment the deadline proposed accomplishment? Specify the problem(s) if any II Interact with texts Reading text 1.1 Interact with reading text We’ve worried about overpopulation for centuries And we’ve always been wrong Kelsey Piper, Aug 20, 2019 Around the year zero, Earth’s For nearly all of human history, there haven’t been that estimated many of us Around the year zero, Earth’s population is population was estimated to have been 190 million A thousand years later, it was probably around 250 million 190 million Up to now, the world we live in Then the Industrial Revolution happened, and human has approached a population of population went into overdrive It took hundreds of nearly billion thousands of years for humans to hit the billion mark, in (connecting 1800 We added the next billion by 1928 In 1960, we hit information) billion In 1975, billion That sounds like the route to an overpopulation apocalypse, right? To many midcentury demographers, futurists, and science fiction writers, it certainly predicted one Extending the timeline, they saw a nightmarish future ahead for humanity: human civilizations constantly on the brink of starvation, desperately crowded under horrendous conditions, draconian population control laws imposed worldwide Stanford biologist Paul Ehrlich wrote in his best-selling 1968 book The Population Bomb, “In the 1970’s, hundreds of millions of people will starve to death” because of overpopulation (Later editions modified the sentence to read “In the 1980’s.”) None of that ever came to pass The world we live in now, despite approaching a population of nearly billion, looks almost nothing like the one doomsayers were anticipating Starting in the 19th century in Britain and reaching most of the world by the end of the 20th century, birth rates plummeted — mostly because of women’s education and access to contraception, not draconian population laws Retrieved from: https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/8/20/20802413/overpopulationdemographic-transition-population-explained? fbclid=IwAR134fNslrT26m2s5y2OPnSa3YwcAeDt6dWXhgsYLi0DYjVo1JV A5h0GoaA Author: Kelsey Piper Date published: Aug 20, 2019 1.2 Vocabulary note reading text Vocabulary Pronunciation Revolution /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən/ Apocalypse /əˈpɒk.ə.lɪps/ Meaning Sentence A very important Penicillin produced change in the way a revolution in that people things medicine A very serious event The book offers a resulting in great vision of the future destruction and in which there is a change great nuclear apocalypse Nightmarish /ˈnaɪt.meə.rɪʃ/ Extremely unpleasant He felt and very upsetting or overwhelmed by frightening the nightmarish scenario he faced Horrendous /həˈren.dəs/ Extremely unpleasant Conditions in the or bad refugee camps were horrendous Plummet /ˈplʌm.ɪt/ To fall very quickly House prices are and suddenly plummeted in recent months Contraceptio /ˌkɒn.trə Any of various They offer n ˈsep.ʃən/ methods intended to impartial advice on prevent a woman contraception becoming pregnant Draconian /drəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/ Extremely severe (of The government a rule, law or proposed draconian punishment) cuts in state aid to education 1.3 Outline reading text  Main idea: Worry about population explosion  Supporting ideas: - The world’s impressive population growth through historical time + Around the zero, estimated 190 million + 1000 years later, 250 million + In 1800, billion + In 1960, billion + In 1975, billion - Predictions about a nightmarish future ahead for humanity because of overpopulation + Starvation + Overpopulation under horrendous conditions - The demographic situation has decreased thanks to the appropriate measures + Women’s education + Access to contraception 1.4 Summarize reading text 1: Throughout the period of human history, the Earth's population had reached nearly 250 million from the zero years to thousand years later, and this number was currently on track to increase The continued rise in the world’s population seemed to be the greatest problem faced by humanity at that time because it led to many negative consequences such as starvation and congestion According to Paul Ehrlich - a Stanford biologist, ” In the 1970s, hundreds of millions of people will starve to death” But during the 19th century and most of the late 20th century, the world’s birth rate declined due to better education and access to contraception that women had received 1.5 List of paraphrasing text - Around the year zero, Earth’s estimated population was 190 million Up to now, the world we live in has approached a population of nearly billion (Piper, 2019) Reference: Piper (2019, Aug 20) We’ve worried about overpopulation for centuries And we’ve always been wrong Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/8/20/20802413/overpopulationdemographic-transition-population-explained? fbclid=IwAR134fNslrT26m2s5y2OPnSa3YwcAeDt6dWXhgsYLi0DYjVo1JVA5 h0GoaA Reading passage 2.1 Interact with reading passage The Problem of Overpopulation: Proenvironmental Concerns and Behavior Predict Reproductive Attitudes The increase population who reside in Adam C Davis, Steven Arnocky, and Mirella Stroink, May 30, overpopulated 2019 Human overpopulation continues to be a pressing problem for citites The the health and viability of the environment, which impacts the environment survival and well-being of human populations Limiting the and human life will face number of offspring one produces or deciding to remain child- numerous free may be viewed as a pro environmental behavior (PEB) that issues (thesis) can significantly reduce one's carbon footprint Nonetheless, few researchers have examined the relations between environmental concerns, reported PEB, and reproductive attitudes The goal of the current study was to examine the above relations in a sample of 200 Canadian undergraduates Environmental concern as part of an ecologically conscious worldview (the New Ecological Paradigm) was found to negatively predict proreproductive attitudes In contrast, more self-oriented (egoistic) and human-centric (altruistic) environmental concerns positively predicted pro-reproductive attitudes Additionally, self-reported PEB was found to negatively predict pro-reproductive attitudes All of the above relations were found to be statistically significant while controlling for the influence of age, sex, and religious status These findings add to a limited empirical literature on environmental concerns, PEB, and attitudes toward reproducing, which can help inform discussion regarding the environmental issues associated with human overpopulation and potential ways to mitigate these dilemmas.[…] […]Given the global surplus in food, the unsustainable and inequitable patterns of consumption and distribution in many wealthy nations, such as the United States, Canada, and Australia, must change (Kopnina & Washington, 2016) It is also The global integral to empower girls and women by ensuring their access to population education and family planning services Both of the above will increase remarkably to humane and noncoercive measures will produce a positive 8.5 billion, 9.7 and benefit for the environment This does not, however, preclude billion, 11.2 billion by the influence of population size as something that magnifies the 2030, 2050, impacts of consumption (Campbell, 2012; Peacock, 2018; Smail, and 2016) Indeed, Dietz and O'Neill (2013) have argued that “we 2100 respectively (Connecting) need smaller footprints, but we also need fewer feet” (p 52) The United Nations has recently predicted that the Earth's population will increase to 8.5 billion by 2030, 9.7 billion by 2050, and 11.2 billion by 2100, with population densities being highest in developing countries (United Nations, 2017) The “developing world” continues to increase its consumption (Washington, 2015), and it is unethical to deny members of other cultures access to the rights and privileges afforded to those in more developed contexts that may exacerbate current environmental dilemmas For these reasons, it is prudent to examine the impact of reproductive decisions on the environment and to consider the potential multitude of reasons Supporting why individuals may decide to remain child-free, such as concern idea for the environment (Arnocky et al., 2012) Environmental impact produced by offspring among Western nations Across several Western countries, Wynes and Nicholas (2017) categorized having one fewer child as a “high impact action” that resulted in approximately 23,700–117,700 kg reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) output per year The next closest high impact act, “living car free,” resulted in an estimated 1,000–5,300 kg reduction in CO2 per year Similarly, Murtaugh and Schlax (2009) found in the United States that every child born was estimated to contribute roughly 9,441 metric tons of CO2 to the “carbon heritage” of their mothers These results show how deciding not to have offspring can significantly reduce one's carbon footprint Despite evidence showing that having fewer children has a larger impact on the environment relative to other kinds of PEB, such as recycling, buying energy-efficient products, and switching to a plant-based diet (Murtaugh & Schlax, 2009; Wynes & Nicholas, 2017), few researchers have examined the relations between environmental concerns, PEB, and fertility attitudes This is important as environmentalists, researchers, and policymakers search for socially responsible ways of mitigating the issues caused or exacerbated by human overpopulation substances are added to the air, water and soil and cause harmful effects to other life forms There are main causes that have polluted the environment Toxic releasing and improper dumping can cause water pollution and damage to aquatic organisms Non-biodegradable products last for years and result in soil erosion Emissions from industries and vehicles cause air pollution, contribute to the higher number of respiratory problems and climate change We must dispose of garbage properly and use biodiesel and environmentally-friendly petrol to lessen the effect of pollution on our life 3.5 List of paraphrasing text - Individuals can minize the emission burping from transports by using biodiesel (Agudo, 2018) - The lives of impoverished people are assisted thanks to movements of some philanthropists and organizations aside from feeding programs (Agudo, 2018) Reference: Agudo (2018, May 6) Effects of Overpopulation and Their Possible Solutions Retrieved from https://owlcation.com/social- sciences/Human-Overpopulation-Its-Causes-Effects-and-Solutions? fbclid=IwAR3L56xvoFfqRyETBVTn8_Jt3DFmOTGZSbAiKQ2Iq7sTFjX2A6tG vmUA3Jc Reading passage 4.1 Interact with reading passage Human Overpopulation:Impact on Environment Environmental Issues Surrounding Human Overpopulation Shivani Uniyal, Rashmi Paliwal, Bhumija Kaphaliya Saun, and R K Sharma, January, 2017 Climate Change Recent reports on climate change indicated more frequency and catastrophe in the weather extremes, leading to costly damage of infrastructure and loss of human life (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007) Increased use of fossil fuels since the mid-19th Fossil fuels used widely since the century in overpopulated regions around the globe caused mid-19 century release of over 1100Gt CO2 into the atmosphere (IPCC, in overcrowded accelerated areas led to over 1100Gt CO2 agricultural practices, leading to enhanced emission of discharged into 2001) Furthermore, overpopulation greenhouse gases For example, methane is produced the from rice agriculture practices and livestock For emission of greenhouse gases, agriculture sources in 2014 accounted for 24% of 2010 global emission (IPCC, 2014) Population reduction in high-income countries might act as a possible solution Any reduction in population growth in high-income countries, even starting from zero or negative rates, will have much more impact on reducing climate change than the same size reduction in low-income countries, because of the much higher per capita (Supporting idea) air consumption and emission of greenhouse gases in the high-income countries (Rosnick, 2014) In addition, switch to alternative energy options (solar energy, tidal energy, wind energy etc) and improved agricultural practices could help in combating the problem of climate change resulting from increased population Environmental Issues Surrounding Human Overpopulation Doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1683-5.ch001 Author(s): Shivani Uniyal, Rashmi Paliwal, Bhumija Kaphaliya Saun, and R K Sharma Publish date: January, 2017 Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312011571_Human_Overpopulati on 4.2 Vocabulary note reading text Vocabulary Pronunciation Accelerate /əkˈsel.ə.reɪt/ Meaning Sentence To happen or make Inflation is likely to something happen accelerate this year, sooner or faster adding further upward pressure on interest rates Methane Combat /ˈmiː.θeɪn/ /ˈkɒm.bæt/ A gas with no smell or Methane is the main colour, often used as a constituent of fuel natural gas To try to stop The government is something unpleasant spending millions of or harmful from dollars in its attempt happening or increasing to combat drug and abuse 4.3 Outline of reading text  Main idea: Human overpopulation have negative influence on climate change  Supporting ideas: - Contribution of human in raising the severity of climate change + Emission of air pollutants like fossil fuels + Waste from human’s production activities  Leading to the increase of greenhouse gases - Solutions to combat the problem of climate change resulting from increased population + Control population + Switch to alternative energy options + Improve agricultural practices 4.4 Summarize reading text According to a recent report, climate change occurs most frequently and has catastrophic effects on infrastructure and human life Global population has contributed greatly to global greenhouse gas emissions and has had a major impact on climate since the use of more fossil fuels and increased agricultural practices Population reduction in high-income countries, changes in alternative energy sources, and improvements in agricultural practices might act as a possible solution to help us address the problem of climate change as a result of an increasing in human explosion 4.5 List of paraphrasing text - As IPCC (2001) pointed out, fossil fuels used widely since the mid-19th century in overcrowded areas led to over 1100Gt CO2 discharged into the air Reference: Uniyal, Paliwal, Saun, and Sharma, (2017) Human Overpopulation: Impact on Environment Environmental Issues Surrounding Human Overpopulation doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1683-5.ch001 Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312011571_Human_Overpopulation Reading passage 5.1 Interact with reading passage Hanoi air pollution rises to unhealthy highs Phan Anh, Gia Chinh, and Vo Hai, September 18, 2019 Example Air quality in Hanoi has deteriorated over the last three days and is unlikely to get better in the coming days, experts AQI say The capital's Air Quality Index (AQI) was recorded at 136 on Tuesday evening by 11 air monitoring stations tends increase significantly to scattered throughout the city IQAir AirVisual, a Switzerland-based air quality monitoring facility that generates data from public, ground-based and real-time monitoring stations, recorded Hanoi's AQI level at 152 on Wednesday morning, making it the seventh most polluted city in the world It used data from three monitoring stations in the city IQAir AirVisual also forecast that Hanoi's subpar air quality would last until the weekend The AQI is a metric used by multiple governmental agencies to determine how polluted the air is An AQI level above 100 is considered polluted or unhealthy for humans Children, seniors and individuals with respiratory and heart diseases are recommended to avoid sustained and high-intensity outdoor exercises when AQI levels reach 150 or above Throughout Sunday and Monday, the AQI levels in Hanoi remained consistently at around 170, according to multiple air monitoring stations At one point on Tuesday morning, Hanoi's AQI level was recorded at 185, only better than Malaysia's Kuching Hanoi's ongoing low air quality is the result of little air circulation in the atmosphere during the transition between summer and fall, Le Thanh Hai, former deputy head of the Vietnam Meteorological and Hydrological Administration, told VnExpress "Air could not rise high by convection, so there was no cloud formation to produce rain and cleanse the atmosphere There was also no wind to push the polluted air away," he said Temperature inversion also contributed to the capital’s low air quality, Hai noted "At night, thermal radiation is dispersed from the ground into the atmosphere, which causes fog at lower levels," he added Echoing Hai, Hoang Duong Tung, president of the Vietnam Clean Air Partnership, said temperature inversion at night prevents air from rising up into the atmosphere and confines them to lower levels, which leads to air pollution Hanoi, which has eight million people and more than five million motorbikes and 550,000 cars, was ranked the second most polluted city in Southeast Asia by the World Air Quality report put out by IQAir AirVisual earlier this year Example Retrieved from: https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/hanoi-air-pollution-rises-to-unhealthy-highs3983572.html Author(s): Phan Anh, Gia Chinh, and Vo Hai Date published: September 18, 2019 5.2 Vocabulary note reading text Vocabulary Pronunciation Deteriorate /dɪˈtɪr.i.ə.reɪt/ Meaning to become worse Sentence She went into the hospital when her condition began t o deteriorate Scatter Metric /ˈskæt.ər/ /ˈmet.rɪk/ to (cause to) move far Debris from the apart in different aircraft was scattered directions over a large area Using or relating to a Most high-tech system of industry has been measurement that use metric for decades metres, etc Convection /kənˈvek.ʃən/ The flow of heat Warm air rises by the through a gas or a process of convection liquid Inversion /ɪnˈvɜː.ʒən/ A situation in which Her account of the something is changed vase was an inversion so that it is the of the facts opposite of what it was before, or in which something is turned upside down 5.3 Outline of reading text  Main idea: Air pollution in Hanoi  Supporting ideas: - The AQI records of Hanoi - The factors affect the capital’s air quality + Temperature inversion + Emission from vehicles 5.4 Summarize reading text According to the experts, the air quality in Hanoi has turned badly over the last three days and is unlikely to get better in the coming days Unluckily, the capital's Air Quality Index (AQI) was recorded at 136 on Tuesday evening and at 152 on Wednesday morning, which makes Hanoi as the seventh most polluted city in the world Multiple governmental agencies use AQI to determine how polluted the air is and warn their habitants that an AQI level above 100 is considered polluted or unhealthy for humans The former deputy head of the Vietnam Meteorological and Hydrological Administration, Le Thanh Hai, said to the VnExpress that Hanoi's ongoing low air quality is the result of little air circulation in the atmosphere and the temperature inversion 5.5 List of paraphrasing text - With a great deal of exhaust fumes are released from more than million motorbikes and 550,000 cars of urban dwellers, in recent days, the capital's Air Quality Index (AQI) recorded tends to increase significantly, which means air quality in Hanoi has deteriorated seriously (Phan Anh, Gia Chinh, and Vo Hai, 2019) Reference: Phan Anh, Gia Chinh, and Vo Hai (2019) Hanoi air pollution rises to unhealthy highs Retrieved from: https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/hanoi-airpollution-rises-to-unhealthy-highs-3983572.html Essay Writing Version Topic: Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems Identify one or two serious problems and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems Version “Democracy cannot survive overpopulation.” (Isaac Asimov, 1989) The global population is increasing significantly with densities being highest in developing countries Around the year zero, Earth’s estimated population was 190 million Up to now, the world we live in has approached a population of nearly billion (Piper, 2019) According to the prediction of the United Nations (2017) that the global population will increase remarkably to 8.5 billion, 9.7 billion, and 11.2 billion by 2030, 2050, and 2100 respectively With the increasing tendency, the environment and human life will face numerous issues caused by residing in overpopulated cities (Davis, Arnocky, and Stroink, 2019) How urban areas are influenced by overpopulation in terms of environment and food supply is the responsibility of both individuals and governments for dealing with these issues One of the biggest problems facing people who live in cities is environmental issues, especially air pollution When a city’s population becomes increasingly crowded, the demand for electric and transportation use increases in unison, thus increasing the emittance of air pollutants such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide As IPCC (2001) pointed out, fossil fuels used widely since the mid-19th century in overcrowded areas led to over 1100Gt CO2 discharged into the air These substances cause air quality in urban areas to reach alarming levels Take Hanoi as an illustration, with a great deal of exhaust fumes are released from more than million motorbikes and 550,000 cars of urban dwellers, in recent days, the capital's Air Quality Index (AQI) recorded tends to increase significantly, which means air quality in Hanoi has deteriorated seriously (Phan Anh, Gia Chinh, and Vo Hai, 2019) Thus, the solution to reduce the emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere is using renewable energy sources According to Agudo (2018), individuals can minize the emission burping from transports by using biodiesel The government can launch a “living car-free” campaign that is regarded as “the closest high impact action, resulted in an estimated 1,000 - 5,300 kg reduction in CO2 per year” (Davis, Arnocky, and Stroink, 2019) Apart from imposing a great threat to the environment, the bursting population in urban areas causes a shortage of food The unexpected population growth requires a great demand for food to be met, which accidentally creates inevitable pressure on the food supply The failure to meet food demand has led to the rapid increase of the population who suffer from starvation According to Turk (2017), there were approximately 842 million people suffer from hunger worldwide including 98% of those who suffer from hunger live in developing countries To tackle this issue, government intervention is very important and essential Like China, governments can adapt to the one-child policy to restrict the growth of the population Furthermore, individuals are the factor contributing to control the population and reduce world hunger by applying contraceptive measures allowing for family planning Besides, the lives of impoverished people are assisted thanks to movements of some philanthropists and organizations aside from feeding programs (Agudo, 2018) In conclusion, overpopulation is a crisis that potentially stands as one of the biggest challenges facing humanity today It is clear that cities face a range of problems, it is undoubtedly possible to start to deal with these issues If governments and individuals co-operate to offer effective solutions, environmental and food shortage issues which the overpopulation causes can be handled Worked cited Agudo, C K (2018, May 6) Effects of Overpopulation and Their Possible Solutions Retrieved from https://owlcation.com/social-sciences/Human- Overpopulation-Its-Causes-Effects-and-Solutions? fbclid=IwAR3L56xvoFfqRyETBVTn8_Jt3DFmOTGZSbAiKQ2Iq7sTFjX2A 6tGvmUA3Jc Davis, C A., Arnocky, S., & Stroink, M (2019) The Problem of Overpopulation: Proenvironmental Concerns and Behavior Predict Reproductive Attitudes Ecopsychology, Volume 11, No 2, pages 92–100 doi: 10.1089/eco.2018.0068 Phan Anh, Gia Chinh, & Vo Hai (2019) Hanoi air pollution rises to unhealthy highs Retrieved from: https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/hanoi-air-pollutionrises-to-unhealthy-highs-3983572.html Piper, K (2019, Aug 20) We’ve worried about overpopulation for centuries And we’ve always been wrong Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/futureperfect/2019/8/20/20802413/overpopulation-demographic-transitionpopulation-explained? fbclid=IwAR134fNslrT26m2s5y2OPnSa3YwcAeDt6dWXhgsYLi0DYjVo1JV A5h0GoaA Uniyal, S., Paliwal, R., Saun, K B., & Sharma, K R (2017) Human Overpopulation: Impact on Environment Environmental Issues Surrounding Human Overpopulation doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1683-5.ch001 Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312011571_Human_Overpopulation ... https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/hanoi-airpollution-rises -to- unhealthy-highs-3983572.html Essay Writing Version Topic: Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems Identify one or two serious problems and suggest ways... century release of over 1100Gt CO2 into the atmosphere (IPCC, in overcrowded accelerated areas led to over 1100Gt CO2 agricultural practices, leading to enhanced emission of discharged into 2001) Furthermore,... 1970’s, hundreds of millions of people will starve to death” because of overpopulation (Later editions modified the sentence to read “In the 1980’s.”) None of that ever came to pass The world