+ Neáu haønh ñoäng trong meänh ñeà taân ngöõ xaûy ra ñoàng thôøi vôùi haønh ñoäng trong meänh ñeà chính, chuùng ta duøng Present infinitive.. S 2 + to be + p.p (V 1 ) + to inf (V 2 ) --[r]
(1)I S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2
-1 Khi tân ngữ mệnh đề (có cách chuyển) He saw that the plan was useless (mệnh đề làm tân ngữ)
a) Dùng cấu trúc bị động với it: It + to be + p.p (V1) + (by + O) + that + S2 + V2
+ He saw that the plan was useless
It was seen that the plan was useless + He explained that nothing could be done
It was explained that nothing could be done
+ The newspapers say that the Prime Minister will come back soon
It is said by the newspapers that the Prime Minister will come back soon b) Dùng cấu trúc bị động với động từ nguyên mẫu
S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2
-+ Nếu hành động mệnh đề tân ngữ xảy trước hành động mệnh đề chính, dùng Perfect infinitive (to have + p.p)
S2 + to be + p.p (V1) + to have + p.p (V2)
-They said that the President had arrived in the city
The President was said to have arrived in the city
+ Nếu hành động mệnh đề tân ngữ xảy đồng thời với hành động mệnh đề chính, dùng Present infinitive
S2 + to be + p.p (V1) + to inf (V2)
-They said that the President was arriving in the city
The president was said to be arriving in the city
+ Nếu hành động mệnh đề tân ngữ xảy sau hành động mệnh đề chính, dùng Simple infinitive S2 + to be + p.p (V1) + to inf (V2)
-They expect that the President will arrive soon The President is expected to arrive soon
c) Dùng mệnh đề tân ngữ làm chủ ngữ cho câu bị động S1 + V1 + O + that + S2 + V2
-+ They showed me that he was an honest man
That he was an honest man was shown to me + John mentioned to me that she was sick
That she was sick was mentioned to me (by John) + He told me that you had won the race
-> I was told that you had won the race.
Những động từ chấp nhận chuyển gồm có: admit, announce, declare, explain, mention, point out, remark, report, state, suggest …
2.
II Câu mệnh lệnh (commands): V + O + Adjunct
-> Let + O + be + p.p + Adjunct + write your name here
Let your name be written here + Give the order
Let the order be given + Do not insult the weak
(2)IV Let (để cho): S +let + s.b + + s.th + They let her go
She was let to go + He let me go out
I was let to go
I was allowed to go out
IV Cấu trúc It + động từ nguyên mẫu It is possible to the exercise now
It is possible for the exercise to be done now V S + have + O (person) + V (bare inf) + O (thing) S + have + O (thing) + p.p + (by O (person))
+ I had him repair my bicycle yesterday
I had my bicycle repaired yesterday
VI S + get + O (person) + V (to inf) + O (thing) S + get + O (thing) + p.p + (by O (person)) + I get her to make some coffee
I get some coffee made
VII S + + O + bare inf
S + to be + p.p + to inf / v-ing I saw you the exercise
-> The exercise was seen to do/ doing
VIII S + V + indirect Object + Direct Object + He gave the girl a doll
The girl was given a doll A doll was given to the girl
Exercise People say that he is a bad boy
2 He wanted nothing except people left him in peace Didn’t they tell you to be here by o’clock?
4 It is impossible to this now What caused this crack? Don’t let others see you
7 They say that he is an honest, hard-working man He believed that I passed the exam
9 He thinks that I am the best pupil
10 They informed me that my car had been stolen
11 They thought that the environment had been polluted by waste products from those factories 12 People think that the team is trained by a good coach
13 They said that Tom had left home before the weekend 14 The reported these factories were polluting the environment 15 They showed me that he was a brave man
(3)16 He was told me that you had won the race
17 They told me that you were the best architect in this city 18 She reported that the flowers were killed by frost
19 Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England 20 That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week
21 He discovered that this problem this cotton was grown in Egypt 22 They promised that the performance will start on time
23 He recommended that we should stay at the city centre 24 We believed that Alice would pass the driving test 25 You need to repair this machine
26 We have some homework to tonight 27 She has some letters to type this afternoon 28 They saw you writing these words on the wall 29 They hear the workers arguing in the office 30 She will have peter wash her car tomorrow 31 They have her tell the story again
32 John gets his sister to clean his shirt
33 She often gets the technician to maintain the heater 34 We will have to get the manager to sign this form 35 I get Jane to call my friend on the telephone 36 They gave up the research after three hours 37 Someone should look into the matter
38 Don’t speak until someone speaks to you 39 A neighbor is looking after the children 40 Your story brings back pleasant memories 41 They made him work hard
Sentences of order 42 Open your book 43 Take off your hat
44 Don’t that silly thing again 45 Let’s tell them about it
46 Don’t let the other see you
Sentences with “Advise, beg, order, urge, agree, decide …. 47 She advised me to sell that house
48 The begged us to help him 49 He orders us to clean the floor 50 He recommends me to the job
51 She urged him to visit her parents as soon as possible Some special sentences
52 It is dangerous for us to take the short cut 53 You need to have your hair cut
54 You must see it to believe it
55 He wants someone to take some photographs 56 We enjoy writing letters
(4)He is said to be a bad boy
2 He wanted nothing except people left him in peace He wanted nothing except people to be left in peace
3 Didn’t they tell you to be here by o’clock? Weren’t you told to be here at o’clock?
4 It is impossible to this now It is impossible for this to be done now.
5 What caused this crack? What was this crack caused by?
6 Don’t let others see you Don’t let yourself be seen
7 They say that he is an honest, hard-working man H is said to be an honest, hard-working man.
8 He believed that I passed the exam I was believed (by him) to pass the exam
9 He thinks that I am the best pupil I am thought (by him) to be the best pupil
10 They informed me that my car had been stolen I was informed that my car had been stolen
11 They thought that the environment had been polluted by waste products from those factories It was thought that the environment had been polluted by waste products from those factories
12 People think that the team is trained by a good coach The team is thought to be trained by a good coach.
13 They said that Tom had left home before the weekend Tom was said to have left home before the weekend.
14 They reported these factories were polluting the environment These factories were reported to be polluting the environment.
15 They showed me that he was a brave man That he was a brave man was shown to me
16 He told me that you had won the race I was told that you had won the race.
17 They told me that you were the best architect in this city I was told that you were the best architect in this city.
18 She reported that the flowers were killed by frost It was reported that the flowers were killed by frost
19 Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England I am informed that the director is going to take a business trip to England
20 That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week It was announced that the meeting was delayed until next week
21 He discovered that this problem this cotton was grown in Egypt It was discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt
22 They promised that the performance will start on time It is promised that the performance will start on time
23 He recommended that we should stay at the city centre It is recommended we should stay at the city centre.
(5)It was believed that Alice would pass the driving test Alice was believed to pass the driving test
25 You need to repair this machine This machine needs to be repaired This machine needs repairing
26 We have some homework to tonight Some homework has to be done tonight. There is some homework to be done/to do
27 She has some letters to type this afternoon Some letters have to be typed tonight.
There are some letters to be typed/to type
28 They saw you writing these words on the wall You were seen writing these words on the wall
29 They hear the workers arguing in the office The workers are heard arguing in the office
30 She will have peter wash her car tomorrow She will have her car washed tomorrow
31 They have her tell the story again They have the story told again
32 John gets his sister to clean his shirt John gets his shirt cleaned
33 She often gets the technician to maintain the heater She often gets the heater maintained
34 We will have to get the manager to sign this form We will have to get this form signed
35 I get Jane to call my friend on the telephone I get my friend called on the telephone
36 They gave up the research after three hours The research was given up after three hours
37 Someone should look into the matter The matter should be looked into
38 Don’t speak until someone speaks to you Don’t speak until you are spoken to
39 A neighbor is looking after the children The children are being looked after by a neighbor
40 Your story brings back pleasant memories Pleasant memories are brought back with your story
41 They made him work hard He was made to work all day
(6)Let your book be opened 43 Take off your hat Let your hat be taken off
44 Don’t that silly thing again Don’t let that silly thing be done again
45 Let’s tell them about it Let them be told about it
46 Don’t let the other see you
Don’t’ let yourself be seen by the other
Sentences with “Advise, beg, order, urge, agree, decide …. 47 She advised me to sell that house
She advised me that the house should be sold 48 They begged us to help him
The begged us that he should be helped 49 He orders us to clean the floor
He orders us that the floor must be cleaned 50 He recommends me to the job
He recommends me that the job should be done
51 She urged him to visit her parents as soon as possible
She urged him that her parents should be visited as soon as possible Some special sentences
52 It is dangerous for us to take the short cut It’s dangerous for the short cut to be taken
53 You need to have your hair cut Your hair needs cutting/to be cut
54 You must see it to believe it It must be seen to be believed
55 He wants someone to take some photographs He wants to have some photographs taken