all are correct 7/ She went to the library in order that she could borrow some books.. a.she went to the library so as to borrow some books b.she went to the library that she could [r]
(1)I Clause of reson:
Ex: He came ten minutes late because he missed the first bus II Phrase of reason:
Ex: Jane worried because of the rain
He came late ten minutes late because of missing the first bus
I Clause of concession:
Ex: Although the weather was very bad, we had a picnic * Other conjunctions:
- No matter what = Whatever +(N) + (S) + V - No matter how = However + Adj/adv + S + V - Whoever, whenever, wherever……
Ex: Whatever she wears, she looks pretty
However hard he tried, he didn’t pass the exam II Phrase of concession:
Ex: We went to school on time inspite of the heavy rain Because
Since + Clause As
Due to
Because of + noun/ V-ing phrase Thanks to
CLAUSE AND PHRASE OF CONCESSION
Though
Although + Clause Even though
In spite of
Despite + noun/ V-ing phrase
(2)I Underline the most suitable word or phrase in each sentence: 1 However/ Though it was late, I decided to phone Brian.
2 Although/ Despite the car was cheap, it was in good condition. 3 Despite of the weather/ the weather, we went sailing.
4 I put the food in the fridge because/ because of I want it to get cold. 5 Since/ Because of Janet wanted to save money, she gave up smoking. 6 We can’t eat now because/ although there isn’t enough time.
7 I can’t come to your party so that/ because I am too busy. 8 I couldn’t see anything because/ because of the dark. 9.Despite/ Though the cold weather, we all went for a walk. 10 It was raining, but / although I went swimming anyway. 11 Mary doesn’t go to school because/ though she was ill.
12 In spite of/ Because of his old age, Mr Benson runs fours miles before breafast. II Choose the correct answer for each sentence:
1 _ she was very hard working, she hardly earned enough to support her family a In spite of b Because c Because of d Although _ her absence from the school yesterday, she couldn’t understand the lesson
a Despite b Because c Because of d As
3 _ his lack of time, he watches football every night
a Although b Because of c In spite of d Because Alan always overeats at lunch he never eats breakfast
a because b because of c Even though d in spite of I told the absolaute truth, no one would believe me
a Even though b In spite of c Since d As The goods was never delivered _ the promise we had received
a since b as c because d in spite of
7 the meeting’s at 2:00, I won’t be able to see you
a Although b In spite of c Because d Because of My mother is always complaining the untidiness of my room
a because b because of c since d as
9 I didn’t get the job I had all the necessary qualifications
a because b because of c although d despite 10 It’s unsafe to travel in that country the civil war
a in spite of b despite c due to d a & b are correct 11 Many people don’t want to live in big cities big cities are often heavily polluted
a but b because c and d though
12 she heard the door bell ring, she did not answer it
a However b Because c Even though d As if
13 Despite the storm, the climbers decided to go on
a In spite of it was storm b Although there was a storm c Because ut stormed d Due to it storms
14 He stopped working because he was too tired
a because of his tiredness b since being tired
c for tired d although his tiredness
15 His teacher got angry because he behaved badly
a so that he behaved badly b even though he behaved badly c because of his bad behaviour d because of his behaviour 16 Although the traffic was heavy, he managed to get to the office in time
a In spite of the traffice was heavy b Because of the heavy traffice c In spite of the heavy traffice d Due to the traffice was heavy 17 I would have been on time if I hadn’t stopped at the post office
a I was on time even tough I stopped at the post office b.I wasn’t on time because I stopped at the post office
(3)18 I have still got the camera because no one has claimed it
a because it hasn’t been claimed b because of not claiming on it
c because of no claim has been made on it d because it has been claimed by no one 20 Although he was seriously ill, he was determined to finish his work In spite of a the serious ill, he was determined to finish his work b.be ill seriously, he was determined to finish his work
c.his serious ill,he wasdetermined to finish hiswork d.he wasill seriously,he wasdetermined to finish his work
21 Although they were very poor, the children seemed happy
a The children seemed happy because they were very poor b.The children were very poor,so they seemed happy
c.Despite their poverty, the children seemed happy d.he children seemes happy whether they were poor /rich
22 Because of his bad leg, he walked slowly
a Because his leg was bad, he walked slowly b Because his bad leg, he walked slowly c If his leg was bad, he walked slowly d Although his leg was bad, he walked slowly
23 I got to class on time _ I had missed my bus
a even though b nevertheless c because d despite III Do it as directed:
1 Because the sea was rough, the ferry couldn’t sail Because of In spite of being full water, the boat sailed on Although _ There were a lot of accidents because of the icy roads Because _ Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in life Despite _ Despite losing her way tiwe, she arrived safely
Though _ IV Identify one mistake:
1 You are not advised to go jogging because your serious heart disease
A B C D
2 In order that to buy his new car, he had to borrow his friend some money
A B C D
3 He stopping working because he was very tired to continue
A B C D
4 They can speak English and use a computer so as to they can easily get a good job
A B C D
5 He drank so many wine that he could not find his way home
A B C D
6 It is so an interesting film that I have seen it three times
A B C D
7 Because of they had collaborated well together, they were successful in their project
A B C D
8 He was tired so that he could not continue his work
A B C D
9 I rarely see a film in spite of there are many films that are worth seeing
A B C D
10 Because it was late, so that he tired to type the contact as fast as possible
(4)Mệnh đề cụm từ kết thành phần phụ nêu lên kết hành động mệnh đề gây
1/ Clause of result : SO/ SUCH
Cấu trúc câu có mệnh đề kết sau :
- S + V+ SO + ADJ / ADV + THAT + S + V (……… ……….đến ……….)
- S + V + SUCH + ( A/ AN ) + ADJ + NOUN + THAT + S + V (……….quá ……….đến nổi………)
EX : It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything
The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class It was such a hot day that we decided to stay at home
There are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one * NOTES :
so many/ few + plural noun + that
so much/ little + uncountable noun + that
so + adj +a/an + singular noun + that
Ex : The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseket ball team He has invested so much money in the project that he can’t abandon it now
2/ Phrase of result : TOO/ ENOUGH
Câu có cụm từ kết có cấu trúc sau :
- S + V+ TOO + ADJ / ADV ( FOR + O ) + TO INFINITIVE (… Quá …………đến ( ) không thể ……)
- S + V+ ADJ / ADV + ENOUGH + ( FOR +O) + TO INFINITIVE (………đủ ( cho ) làm điều ………)
Ex: 1/ He is so short that he can’t play basketball He is too short to play baseket ball He isn’t tall enough to play baseket ball 2/ It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything
It was too dark for me to see anything It was n’t bright enough for me
(5)I Use SO or SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH :
1 The sun shone _ brightly that she had to put on her glasses
2 There were _ few students registered that the class was cancelled We had _ wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return It was a nice day that we decided to go to the beach
5 The book looked _ interesting that we decided to read it Ray called at _ an early hour that we weren’t awke yet
7 There were many people on the bus that we decided to walk The benefit was _ great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it I’ m not rich _ to help you
10 This room is _ dark for us to study II Rewrite the following sentences as directed:
1 It was such an expensive house that nobody can buy it
The house was so The food was so good that we ate all of it
It was The patient was too weak to get up
The patient was so This room is too dark for me to study
This room is so _ This room is too small for us to take the meeting
This room isn’t _ The test was so difficult that we couldn’t it
The test was not The map is so old that I couldn’t read it
The map is too He spoke so fast that we couldn’t hear him well
He didn’t _ III.Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentence: These two girls _ that I can’t tell them apart
a are so like b are so alike c are too like d alike enough
2 I don’t think our daughter is _ to understand this matter
a too young b is such young c not enough old d not age
enough
3 Mrs Harrions is _ he owns many places
a so a rich man that b such an rich man that c such a rich man that d that so rich a man
4 The ceiling is
a too high for me to reach b too high for me to reach it c so high for me reaching d enough high for me reaching The woman was so beautiful _
a that I couldn’t help looking at b that I couldn’t help looking at her
c for me looking at her d that for me to look at
6 It is _ that I would like to go to the beach
a such a nice weather b too nice weather c such nice weather d such weather nice
7 These are that I can’t finish them
a a such long assignments b such long assignments c such a long assignments d too long assignments
8 It is _ that I have read it twice
a such an interesting book b so interesting a book c too interesting a book d a & b He I was scrared
a drove too fast that b drove so fastly that c drove so fast that d drove such fast that 10 She dances _everybody adores her
(6)11 It is _to go swimming
a too cold b so cold c such a cold d enough cold
that
12 Jane is to this exercise
a no intelligence enough b not intelligent enough c not enough intelligent d so intelligent enough
13 I am a car
a not rich enough to buy b too rich enough to buy c too poor to buy d a & c 14 It’s home from here
a too far walking b too far for walking c far to walk, too d too far to walk
15 The bed isn’t clean enough
a to lie in it b to lie in c for lying in d in which to
lie
16 The piano was too heavy _
a for nobody to move b for nobody moving c for anyone to move d for anyone to moving
17 Have you got _ for everyone to moving?
a enough food b food enough c too food d so food
18 He _ to be offered the job
a was such in experienced b was too inexperienced c not experienced enough d b & c 19 _ to go to the cinema
a It was late so that b That it was late c It was too late d Such too late 20 We don’t to go there now
a have time enough b enough time c have too time d have enough time
21 This song is simple enough for us to sing
a This song is so simple that we can sing b This song is so simple that we can sing it c This song is so simple for us to sing d It is such a simple song that we can sing 22 The bag was too heavy for him to carry
a The bag wasn’t enough light for him to carry b The bag was so heavy that h couldn’t carry c It was such a heavy bag for him to carry d It was such a heavy bag that he couldn’t carry it
23 The cake was too hot for him to eat
a The cake was so hot that for him to eat b The cake was so hot that he could eat c The cake was so hot that he couldn’t eat it d The cake was so hot that he can’t eat it 24 Because they made too many mistakes, they failed in the exam
a They made so many mistakes that they failed in the exam b They made so many mistakes as they failed in the exam c They made so much mistakes that they failed in the exam d They made too many mistakes that they failed in the exam 25 The story is short enough for her to read
a It is such a short story that she can read it b It is such a short story that she can read c The story is too short for her to read d It is such a short story for her to read IV Identify one error:
1.She was such old that she couldn’t run A B C D
2 These days aren’t enough long for a good holiday A B C D
3 There were so much books on the shelves that I didn’t know which one to choose
A B C D
4 The soup was so hot for me to eat A B C D
5 All the students in the class are enough good to pass the final exam
(7)I/ USE A CLAUSE OR PHRASE OF PURPOSE TO COMBINE EACH PAIR OF SENTENCES BELOW.
1/ I’m studying hard I want to keep pace with my classmates
……… 2/ Alice prepares her lessons carefully She wants to get high marks in class
……… 3/ Please shut the door I don’t want the dog to go out of the house
……… 4/ I wish to have enough money I want to buy a new house
……… 5/ You should walk slowly Your sister can follow you
……… 6/ They did their job well They hoped the boss would increase their salary
……… 7/ We turned on the lights We didn’t want to waste electricity
……… 8/ We lower the volume of the radio We don’t want to bother our neighbours
……… 9/ The robber changed his address all the time He didn’t want the police to find him ……… 10/ The man spoke loudly He wanted every body to hear him clearly
……… I / REMIND
Muốn diễn tả mục đích , dùng mệnh đề bắt đầu SO THAT IN ORDER THAT; cụm từ bắt đầu ( SO AS / IN ORDER ) TO
1/ Clause of purpose
S + V + SO THAT / IN ORDER THAT + S + WILL / SHALL / CAN + V(-to) EX : I try all my best to study English in order that I can find a better job
I try to study so that I can pass the exam He hurried so that he wouldn’t miss the train 2/ Phrase of purpose
2a Nếu chủ ngữ hai mệnh đề giống câu rút gọn : S + V+ ( SO AS / IN ORDER ) ( NOT ) + TO INFINITIVE EX: I try to study hard so that I can pass the exam
I try to study hard so as to pass the exam
b Nếu chủ ngữ hai mệnh khác câu rút gọn : S + V + ( IN ORDER ) FOR + O + ( NOT ) TO INFINITIVE
EX : He gave me his address so that I would visit him He gave me his address for me to visit him
(8)II/ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1/ “I spoke slowly The foreigner could understandme” Means a I spoke slowly so that the foreigner could understand me b I spoke slowly in order to the foreigner could understand me c I spoke slowly that the foreigner could understand me
d I spoke slowly to make the foreigner could understand me 2/ He had to explain the lesson very clearly………
a in order that his student to understandit b so that his students could understand it c so as his students to understand it d so that his students to understand it 3/ He studies very hard ………
a in order to fail the examination b so that to get knowledge
c so as not to pass examination d in order that he could be illiterate 4/ We have to start early………we won’t be late
a so that b so as to c because d although 5/ They were talking in whispers………… nobody could hear them
a in order to b so that c in order that d b and c arte correct 6/ He hurried to the station He didn’t want to miss the train
a he hurried to the station so that he couldn’t miss the train b he hurried to the station in order that he couldn’t miss the train
c he hurried to the station not to miss the train d all are correct 7/ She went to the library in order that she could borrow some books
a.she went to the library so as to borrow some books b.she went to the library that she could borrow some books
c.she went to the library so that she could borrow some books d all are correct 8/ The schoolboys are in hurry……….they will not be late for school a so as to b to c in order that d for 9/ We set off early……… we wouldn’t get stuck in the traffic
a although b so that c because d in case 10/ I shouted in order that I could warn everybody of danger