- Caùch duøng : töông töï thì Quaù khöù hoaøn thaønh, nhöng nhaán maïnh söï keùo daøi cuûa haønh ñoäng - Coâng thöùc :. EX: The police had been looking for the criminal for two years bef[r]
(1)TENSES -
oOo-I. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:
- Cách dùng: diễn tả thật hiển nhiên, thói quen việc xảy thường xuyên
- Các trạng từ: always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, everyday, every year, - Công thức:
1 Đối với động từ “ TO BE “:
EX: -I am a pupil - I am not a pupil - Are you a pupil ?
- He is intelligent - He is not intelligent - Is he intelligent ? Đối với động từ thường:
VO = V-infintive : động từ nguyên mẫu
Động từ thêm “ES” động từ tận là: S, SH, CH, X, O, Z
Động từ tận “ Y “, đứng trước phụ âm đổi “ -Y” -> “ -IES” EX: - We go to school on time everyday - Do you go to school on time everyday ? - The Earth moves around the sun - Does the Earth move around the sun ? - It doesn’t rain in the dry season - Does it rain in the dry season ?
II. SIMPLE PAST TENSE:
- Cách dùng : diễn tả hành động hay việc xảy thời điểm xác định
khứ.
- Các trạng từ: yesterday, ago, last ( week, year, ) , in + year in the past ( in 1990 ) - Công thức:
1 Đối với động từ “ TO BE “:
EX: - He was at home last night - He was not at home last night - They were at school yesterday - Were they at school yesterday ? Đối với động từ thường :
EX: - I visited my grandparents days ago - I didn’t visit my gandparents days ago - My sister bought this pen yesterday – Did your sister buy this pen yesterday ? S+ AM / IS / ARE S+ AM / IS / ARE + NOT AM / IS / ARE + S ?
I, WE, YOU, THEY + VO
HE, SHE, IT + VS/ES
S + DON’T + VO
DOESN’T DO + S + V
O ?
DOES
I, HE, SHE IT + WAS WE, YOU, THEY + WERE
S + WAS + NOT WERE
WAS + S ? WERE
(2)III. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE:
- Cách dùng: diễn tả việc xảy thời điểm tương lai.
- Các trạng từ : tomorrow, next ( week, year, ), in + year in the future (in 2010 ) - Công thức:
IV. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE :
- Cách dùng : diễn tả hành động xảy tại.
- Các trạng từ : now, right now, at the moment, at this moment, at present,
- Động từ “ To Be “ động từ giác quan, cảm xúc, tình cảm :hear, see, smell, love, like, thường khơng dùng với tiếp diễn
- Công thức :
EX: - We are learning English now - What are you learning now ? - Listen ! Someone is knocking the door - Tom is not writing his lesson
V. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE :
- Cách dùng :+ diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm xác định quákhứ. + diễn tả việc diễn khứ việc khứ khác xảy
đến
+ diễn tả hai hành động xảy lúc khứ - Công thức :
EX: - He was watching a football match on T.V at o’ clock last night - What were you doing at one o’clock this afternoon ?
- While my mother was cooking in the kitchen, my sister was washing her clothes
VI. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE :
- Cách dùng :+ diễn tả hành động xảy khứ không xác định rỏ thời gian. + diễn tả hành động vừa xảy chưaxảy
+ diễn tả hành động bắt đầu khứ mà tiếp tục đến - Các trạng từ : since, for, just, recently, already, yet, ever, never, several times, so far . - Công thức :
I, WE + SHALL + VO
S(các ngôi)+ WILL + VO
S + SHALL + NOT + VO
+ WILL
SHALL + S + VO ?
WILL
S+AM/IS/ARE+V-ING S+AM/IS/ARE +NOT+V-ING AM/ IS/ ARE + S+ V-ING ?
S + WAS +V-ING
WERE S + WAS + NOT + V-ING WERE WAS + S + V-ING ?WERE
I, WE, YOU, THEY + HAVE + VED / V3
HE, SHE, IT + HAS + VED / V3
S + HAVE + NOT +VED / V3
HAS
HAVE + S + VED / V3 ?
(3)EX: - I have already seen this play
- My father has just come home from London - They have lived here for years
- Have you finished your homework yet ? - No, I haven’t
VII PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE :
- Cách dùng : tương tự Hiện hoàn thành, nhấn mạnh kéo dài hành động - Công thức :
VIII PAST PERFECT TENSE :
-Cách dùng : diễn tả hành động hoàn thành trước hành động khác khứ trước thời điểm khứ
- Các trạng từ : after, before, by the time, when - Công thức :
EX:- After he had finished his work, he went home
IX PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE :
- Cách dùng : tương tự Quá khứ hoàn thành, nhấn mạnh kéo dài hành động - Công thức :
EX: The police had been looking for the criminal for two years before they caught him
EXERCISE 1: GIVE THE CORRECT TENSES OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS :
1 Albert Maltz was a progressive American writer He (1-be) _born in 1908 He ( 2-write ) _his first play “ Peace on Earth” in 1943 It was against wars, so the American police ( 3-arrest ) _him and ( 4-put ) _him in prison in 1950
2 Mai ( 1- come ) _back a moment ago and ( 2-turn ) _the television on very loudly My son ( 3-sleep) _then, so I ( 4- tell ) _her to turn it off Last Friday was a holiday I didn’t have to go to school I ( 1-sleep ) _a little later
than usual Around ten, my friend Larry ( 2- come ) _over to my apartment We ( 3-pack ) _a picnic basket and then ( 4-take ) _the bus to Forest Park We ( 5-spend ) _ most of the day there
S + HAVE + BEEN + V-ING
HAS S + HAVE + NOT + BEEN + V-ING HAS
HAVE + S + BEEN + V-ING ? HAS
S + HAD + VED / V3 S + HAD + NOT + VED / V3 HAD + S + VED / V3 ?
* EX:- I have been studying English for years.
- How long have you been studying English?
(4)4 Mary and John are neighbours They ( 1-know ) _ each other for serveral years Mary (2-move ) _into her house in 1985, and John (3-live ) _ next door since he (4-come ) _to the area in 1980
5 Dennis Heal is a politician He ( 1-go ) _to Oxford University in 1950 and ( 2-become ) _a member of Parliament for the Labour Party in 1957 He ( 3-be ) _an MP since then He (4-write ) _three story books including his autobiography He is married to the artist, Anna Heal, and they ( 5-have ) _two children They (6-live ) _in Oxford for 15 years, then (7-move) _to London in 1970 They now (8-live ) _ in Cadogan Square in central London Paul Carrack is a musician and a singer He ( 1-be ) _ in the music business for over
20 years He ( 2-start ) _playing professionally while he ( 3-be )
_at school He ( 4-travel ) _all over the world He ( 5-have ) _ his first hit record in 1974 So far he (6- make ) _a lot of records Young people in American and Britain ( 7-know ) _his name and they never ( 8-forget ) _his number one song “ The Living Years”
7 Dear Jill,
Here I am in New York! I (1-be ) _here for two weeks now and it ( 2-be )
_very interesting My friend, Nancy, whom I ( 3-meet ) _in London in 1982, (4- live ) _in New york for years, so she ( 5- know ) _all about it Yesterday, we ( 6-go ) _to China town and ( 7-eat ) _hot dogs there We ( 8-visit ) _the Statue of Liberty this Sunday Back on the 19
8 It’s 6.00 p.m Mary is at home She ( 1-have ) _dinner She always (2-have ) _dinner with her family around six o’clock
9 Jong ( 1-speak ) _Chinese Chinese is his native language, but right now he ( 2-speak ) _English
10 While I (1-walk ) _to class yesterday morning, I (2-see) _Abdullah We ( 3-say ) _hello and (4-walk ) _the rest of the way to school together
11 When I (1-hear) _ a knock at the door last night, I (2-walk ) _to the door and (3-open ) _it When I (4-open ) _the door, I ( 5.see) _my brother I (6-greet ) _him and (7-ask ) _him come in
12 My cousin and I (1-watch ) _a movie on TV last night when my brother (2-come) _ He ( 3-watch ) _the end of the movie with us
13 Mrs Reed (1-turn ) _on the radio in her car while she (2-drive ) _ home yesterday She (3-listen ) _ to some music when she suddenly (4- hear ) _a siren She ( 5- look ) _ in her mirror and ( 6-see)
(5)14 My mother called me around five o’clock My husband came home a little after that When he ( 1-come ) _home, I (2-talk ) _to my mother on the phone
15 Yesterday afternoon I (1-go ) _to visit the Parker family When I ( 2-get )
_there around two o’clock, Mrs Parker ( 3-be ) _in the yard She ( 4-plant) _flowers in her garden Mr Parker (5-be) _in the garage He ( 6-work) _on their car The children ( 7-play ) _in the front yard 16 Jack moved to Hong Kong after he graduated from the university Jack ( 1-be ) _in
Hong Kong since he ( 2- graduate) _
17 Jack ( 4-break) _his leg five days ago He’s in hospital He ( 5-be) _in hospital since he (6-break) _ his leg
18 Ted Holt arrived at the station at five past seven to catch the train “Please (1-wait ) _ for me”, he shouted and jumped on the train But the train (2-not move )
_ “I wonder why the train (3- not leave ) _yet”, he said to the man next to him “It always (4-leave) _at seven twenty”, the man (5-reply) _ Ted suddenly (6-realize) _he(7-be) _ on the wrong train! “The train to Plimton (8-already, go ) _”, the man told him
19 Yesterday, I (1-go) _ to my daughter’s dance recital I (2-be never)
_to a dance recital before I (3-not take) _dancing lessons when I was a child
20 In the evenings I often (1-play ) _chess with my next door neighbour I (2-play) _chess with him ever since I (3-come ) _to live here ten years ago He (4 -be) _here all his life He (5-inherit) _the house from his father, another great chess player
22 When I (1-open) _ the door I saw a man on his knees He clearly (2-listen) _to our conversation and I (3-wonder) _ how much he (4-hear) _ When I (5-ask) _him what he (6-do) _, he said that he (7-drop) _ a 50 p piece outside the door and (8-look) _for it 23 Mary (1-have) _ to go to New York last week, but she almost (2-miss)
_the plane She (3-stand) _in the queue at the check-in desk when she suddenly (4-realize) _that she (5-leave) _her passport at home Fortunately, she (6-not live) _very far from the airport, so she (7-have)
_time to go home to get the passport She (8-get) _back to the airport just in time for her flight
24 Venice is a city in Italy which (1.build) _on water many centuries ago The canals (2.be) _ very deep and people of Venice must (3.travel) _around in boats to reach their schools, business and shops