The untimate phrasal verb book
THE ULTIMATE PHRASAL VERB BOOK Contents .8 TO THE TEACHER TO THE STUDENT 10 FOCUS ON: separable and nonseparable phrasal verbs 12 come from .12 figure out .13 give back .13 look for 13 put on 13 run into 14 show up 14 take off 15 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and do, does, and did .19 come off 20 doze off 21 fall for 21 give in 21 hear about 21 pull through 21 stay off 23 throw up 23 FOCUS ON: three-word phrasal verbs .26 feel up to .26 get over with 26 go along with 26 go in for 27 look forward to 27 put up with 27 screw out of 27 talk down to 27 FOCUS ON: present and past continuous phrasal verbs 30 cheat on 30 go after 30 look up 31 pay for 31 plan for 32 point to 32 put to .32 wrap up 33 FOCUS ON: pronunciation of two-word phrasal verbs 36 break down 36 burn down .38 call in 38 find out 38 hand back 38 look at 39 setup 39 FOCUS ON: pronunciation of three-word phrasal verbs 44 boil down to 44 come down with 44 come up with 45 get around to 45 get out of .45 go back on .45 go through with .46 monkey around with 46 FOCUS ON: separable phrasal verbs with long objects 49 cut up 49 hold up 50 let out 50 point out 51 run over 51 see about .52 take apart .52 take in 52 FOCUS ON: present perfect phrasal verbs .58 burn out 58 fall over 59 fight back 59 hear of 60 pick out 60 tear down .60 work in 61 FOCUS ON: two-word phrasal verbs that require an additional particle when used with an object, .65 break out .66 catch up 66 chicken out 67 get along 67 give up 67 hang up 67 hook up 68 work up 68 10 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs used as nouns, 73 fall off 73 fill in .74 go ahead 74 grow up 75 hand out 75 kick back .76 lay off 76 screw up 77 11 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs used in compound nouns .82 backup 83 cut off 84 drop off 85 follow up .86 take out 86 try out 87 wake up 88 work out 88 12 FOCUS ON: past perfect phrasal verbs 95 back off 95 come across 96 come up 96 fall through 97 put out 97 screw on 98 sign in 98 sign out 98 13 FOCUS ON: passive phrasal verbs, 103 call off 103 dose off .103 hand in 104 let off 105 light up 105 track down 106 14 FOCUS ON: participle adjectives formed from phrasal verbs, 110 butt in 111 dress up .111 dry up 111 fill out 112 put away 112 stick up 112 use up 113 15 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and will or be going to .120 blow away 121 come through 121 dry out 122 fix up 122 go with 123 head back 124 tell on 125 16 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs with gerund objects, .129 believe in .129 carry on .130 count on .130 get through 131 go for 132 hold off 132 put past 132 think about 133 17 FOCUS ON: adverbs and phrasal verbs 138 come over 139 get back at 139 go about .140 grow out of 140 rip up 140 wear down 141 18 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and can, could, will, and would 146 breakthrough .147 figure on 147 get off 148 go beyond 149 lift upon .149 line up 149 stand around 150 tell apart 150 19 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and the adverb right 154 aim at 154 bring back 155 bring over 155 cool off 155 go back 156 hand over .156 pull over 156 warm up 157 20 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs followed by the -ing form 162 end up 162 go around 163 Go off 164 hang around 165 lie around 166 start out .166 stay up 166 21 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and should and ought to 171 look around 172 look over .172 pick on 172 settle down 173 step on 173 take out on 173 think ahead 174 zip up 174 22 FOCUS ON: the particle up and the adverbs right and all 178 burn up 179 clear up 179 count up .180 eat up 180 heat up 180 pay up 180 plug up 181 wipe up 181 23 FOCUS ON: two-word phrasal verbs that require an additional particle when used with an object, 185 crack down 185 cut down 185 drop out .187 get away 187 hold out .188 make up .188 stay out 190 watch out .190 24 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs used as nouns, 194 come down 194 Let up 195 print out .195 show off 196 slow down 196 stop over 197 trade in 197 25 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and have to, have got to, and must 202 with .203 have on 203 hurry up .204 knock over 204 lighten up 204 plan ahead 204 settle for 205 think up .205 26 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and the adverb back 208 get together 208 go over 209 go up 210 let in on .210 open up 211 put together 211 shut off 211 start up 212 27 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs with the particle off and the adverb right 216 bite off 217 break off 217 dry off 217 knock off .218 tear off 218 wash off .218 wear off .219 wipe off .219 28 FOCUS ON: passive phrasal verbs, 224 beef up 224 break up .224 call back 225 call up 225 carry out 225 give away 226 mess up .226 stand up .227 29 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and might, may, and can 231 ask for 231 come apart 232 drop in 232 flip out 232 look out .232 luck out .232 make out 233 run across 233 30 FOCUS ON: participle adjectives formed from phrasal verbs, 237 lock in 238 Lock out 238 punch in .239 put out 239 sort out 240 space out .241 wash up .241 31 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and gerund subjects 247 care for 247 cut out 248 away with .248 without 249 look into 249 plan on 249 put off 249 rule out 250 32 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs with the particle out 253 clean out 254 clear out .255 come out 255 empty out 257 fall out 257 go out 257 leave out 258 stick out .258 33 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and midsentence adverbs 264 blow up .265 catch on .265 come about 266 fall behind 266 goof around 266 help out .267 know about 267 pull off 267 34 FOCUS ON: pronunciation of two-and three-word phrasal verbs, 271 over 271 float around 273 lead up to .273 put up to 273 stand for 273 stick around 274 stick to 274 take back .275 35 FOCUS ON: gerund phrasal verbs 279 fool around 280 go by 280 hold against 281 leave behind 281 live with 281 make of .282 narrow down .282 trick into 282 36 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs with the particle down .286 back down 286 calm down 287 fall down .287 go down .287 lay down 288 put down .288 run down .289 sit down .290 37 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs used as nouns, 295 brush off 295 come on .296 cover up .297 hang out .297 leave over left over 297 Let down .298 talk to 299 38 FOCUS ON: the verb keep and adverbs and adverbials showing degrees of variability 304 keep at 305 keep away 305 keep down 305 keep from 306 keep off .306 keep on 306 keep to 307 keep up 307 39 FOCUS ON: passive phrasal verbs, 311 chop up 312 cross off .312 fill up 312 pick up 313 sell out 314 straighten out .315 take over 315 wipe out .316 40 FOCUS ON: gerund phrasal verbs vs phrasal verbs followed by the -ing form 322 -ing form 322 gerund .322 blow off .322 burst out 323 come back 323 get off on .324 go away .324 run around 324 stick with .325 41 FOCUS ON: two-word phrasal verbs with the particle in that require into when used with an object 329 break in .330 Check out 331 go in 332 let in 332 plug in 332 sneak in .333 sneak out .333 42 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs with get, 337 get back .337 get behind 338 get down 339 get in 339 get out 340 get over .341 get up 342 43 FOCUS ON: modals and present perfect phrasal verbs .346 blow out 347 give out .348 gross out 348 run up 348 shut up 349 stop off 349 try on 349 44 FOCUS ON: participle adjectives and passive phrasal verbs with the verb get 355 beat up 356 mix up 357 piss off 358 rip off 358 45 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs with the verb turn 363 turn down 363 turn in 363 turn into .364 turn off 364 turn on 365 turn out 366 turn over 367 turn up 368 46 FOCUS ON: pronunciation of phrasal verbs with the particle into 373 build in 373 bump into 373 into .374 out of 374 freak out 374 make for 374 talk into .374 talk out of 375 47 FOCUS ON: particles used without verbs .379 brush up .379 come in 380 cut back .380 move in .381 move out .381 pull out 382 put in 382 run out 383 48 FOCUS ON: modals and present perfect passive phrasal verbs 387 close down 388 knock out .388 look down on .389 look up to 389 put back .389 switch off 390 throw out .390 49 FOCUS ON: combinations of get, right, back, and to 395 dog up 398 get ahead .398 get back to 398 get on 398 get to 399 hang on 400 start off 400 throw away 400 50 FOCUS ON: Keep at it! 405 ask out 405 come down to 405 deal with 405 hold on 406 pay back 406 take up on 406 turn around 406 wear out .407 Answers 413 Index .435 Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS To the Teacher / iv To the Student / v Separable and Nonseparable Phrasal Verbs / Phrasal Verbs and do, does, and did / Three-Word Phrasal Verbs / 14 Present and Past Continuous Phrasal Verbs / 18 Pronunciation of Two-Word Phrasal Verbs / 24 Pronunciation of Three-Word Phrasal Verbs / 32 Separable Phrasal Verbs with Long Objects / 37 Present Perfect Phrasal Verbs / 46 Two-Word Phrasal Verbs That Require an Additional Particle When Used with an Object, / 53 10 Phrasal Verbs Used as Nouns, / 61 11 Phrasal Verbs Used in Compound Nouns / 70 12 Past Perfect Phrasal Verbs / 83 13 Passive Phrasal Verbs, / 91 14 Participle Adjectives Formed from Phrasal Verbs, / 98 15 Phrasal Verbs and will or be going to /107 16 Phrasal Verbs with Gerund Objects, / 116 17 Adverbs and Phrasal Verbs / 125 18 Phrasal Verbs and can, could, will, and would / 133 19 Phrasal Verbs and the Adverb right I 141 20 Phrasal Verbs Followed by the -ing Form / 149 21 Phrasal Verbs and should and ought to 158 22 The Particle up and the Adverbs right and all I 165 23 Two-Word Phrasal Verbs That Require an Additional Particle When Used with an Object, / 172 24 Phrasal Verbs Used as Nouns, / 180 25 Phrasal Verbs and have to, have got to, and must / 188 iii 26 Phrasal Verbs and the Adverb bade / 194 27 Phrasal Verbs with the Particle off and the Adverb right I 202 28 Passive Phrasal Verbs, / 210 29 Phrasal Verbs and might, may, and can /217 30 Participle Adjectives Formed from Phrasal Verbs, / 223 31 Phrasal Verbs and Gerund Subjects / 233 32 Phrasal Verbs with the Particle our / 239 33 Phrasal Verbs and Midsentence Adverbs / 250 34 Pronunciation of Two- and ThreeWord Phrasal Verbs, / 257 35 Gerund Phrasal Verbs / 264 36 Phrasal Verbs with the Particle down / 271 37 Phrasal Verbs Used as Nouns, / 280 38 The Verb keep and Adverbs and Adverbials Showing Degrees of Variability / 289 39 Passive Phrasal Verbs, / 296 40 Gerund Phrasal Verbs vs Phrasal Verbs Followed by the -ing Form / 307 41 Two-Word Phrasal Verbs with the Particle in That Require into When Used with an Object / 314 42 Phrasal Verbs with get, / 322 43 Modals and Present Perfect Phrasal Verbs / 331 44 Participle Adjectives and Passive Phrasal Verbs with the Verb get I 340 45 Phrasal Verbs with the Verb rum / 348 46 Pronunciation of Phrasal Verbs with the Particle into / 358 47 Particles Used Without Verbs / 364 48 Modals and Present Perfect Passive Phrasal Verbs / 372 49 Combinations of get, right, back, and tо / 380 50 Keep at It! / 390 Answers to Exercises / 398 Index / 410 TO THE TEACHER The inspiration for The Ultimate Phrasal Verb Book came about when a student asked me for a textbook to help her learn the meanings of common phrasal verbs I had nothing to offer The only textbook focusing on common verbs that I could give her contains not one phrasal verb — it teaches arise but not get up, awake but not wake up, seek but not look for Phrasal verbs are verbs, not idiomatic curiosities There is no logic to classifying take over with take the bull by the horns Phrasal verbs are an essential part of spoken and written English at all levels, and no student who hopes to master the language can afford to overlook them Although this textbook is intended primarily for high-intermediate to advanced students, ambitious students at lower levels will benefit from it as well Only some FOCUS sections may prove to be a little beyond them; otherwise, there is nothing to prevent any student from studying the definitions and examples and attempting the exercises A vocabulary textbook should provide mechanics as well as meaning Students want to know more than what a word means — they want to know how to use it correctly The importance of mechanics is the reason for the emphasis on the prepositions required when some phrasal verbs are used transitively and for the inclusion of reviews of points of grammar not specific to phrasal verbs Prepositions are the glue that holds English together, but many students falter when using newly learned verbs because they not know that a preposition is also required, or if they do, which one This aspect of English is not given the attention it deserves because it is difficult to teach — there are no rules that govern when a preposition, or which preposition, is required, and no teacher likes to say "You just have to remember." The hope of the latter feature, the discussion of points of grammar not specific to phrasal verbs, is that combining practice with phrasal verbs and practice with a variety of grammatical structures will increase not only the student's confidence in the knowledge of phrasal verbs but also his or her willingness and ability to use them in a wider range of situations There is inevitably a degree of oversimplification That phrasal verb particles are sometimes prepositions and sometimes adverbs is mentioned only once No purpose is served by differentiating between them, and the overlap between the two is confusing to the student Phrasal verbs are not identified as transitive or intransitive because this is dictated by logic Less common meanings of some phrasal verbs have not been included Adverb placement is presented and illustrated in simplified form without discussion of the different types of adverbs — doing so would have gone beyond the scope of this textbook iv THE ULTIMATE PHRASAL VERB BOOK Student And no differentiation is made between recognized adjectives derived from past participles and past participles with adjectival meaning The adjectival use of past participles (both phrasal and nonphrasal) is an extremely important aspect of spoken English — something every student of English should be familiar with — yet the dividing line between true adjectives derived from past participles and passive sentences employing past participles with adjectival meanings is illdefined and problematic Native speakers of English regularly use past participles in superficially passive sentences with purely adjectival meaning Whether the past participles are verbs or actually adjectives is of no concern to the native speaker and is entirely irrelevant to the student of English Rather than distract the student with an unnecessary element of confusion, both are referred to as participle adjectives throughout this textbook The exercises in this textbook are intended to reinforce meaning and mechanics A cloze exercise always comes first, followed by exercises focusing on sentence structure and the FOCUS discussion Last are exercises that ask the student to answer questions or write original sentences There is a good deal of review built into this textbook Every section contains two or more exercises requiring the student to refer back to a previous section in order to review a phrasal verb, participle adjective, or noun When a phrasal verb has two or more meanings, it is intentional that no help is provided to the student in determining which meaning applies; students have to review them all and figure it out for themselves I have tried in this textbook to imitate the form and content of everyday English If occasionally the register and subject matter of some examples and exercises seem not quite right for formal discourse, that is deliberate Students need to learn formal English, of course, but since most people speak informally most of the time, students need to gain familiarity with the syntax, usage, and content of the informal English they read and hear every day at work, at school, at home, and on television TO THE STUDENT Phrasal verbs are combinations of ordinary verbs like put, take, come, and go and particles like in, out, on, and off They are a very important part of everyday English Every student of English needs a basic understanding of the most common phrasal verbs and also of common nouns and adjectives made from phrasal verbs Most phrasal verbs are nor informal, slang, or improper for educated speech or formal writing Exactly the opposite is true — most phrasal verbs are acceptable at all levels of spoken or written English In fact, for many of the phrasal verbs in this textbook, there is no alternative to the phrasal verb — there is no other way to say it v ... part of a phrasal verb In other words, the phrasal verb minus the particle In the phrasal verb pull over, pull is the verb and over is the particle The adverbs and prepositions in phrasal verbs are... ThreeWord Phrasal Verbs, / 257 35 Gerund Phrasal Verbs / 264 36 Phrasal Verbs with the Particle down / 271 37 Phrasal Verbs Used as Nouns, / 280 38 The Verb keep and Adverbs and Adverbials Showing... 314 42 Phrasal Verbs with get, / 322 43 Modals and Present Perfect Phrasal Verbs / 331 44 Participle Adjectives and Passive Phrasal Verbs with the Verb get I 340 45 Phrasal Verbs with the Verb