3_tom_tat_tieng_anh_van_lam_doc_6983

1 INTRODUCTION Reasons for choosing dissertation topic In Vietnam, the vocational education system plays a very important role in training human resources to meet the socioeconomic development needs of the country In order for vocational education to fulfill that role, it is necessary to have a qualified vocational education institution with high quality and reasonable structure, in terms of both facilities and educational staff, membership, program, content and geographic distribution However, the current structure of vocational education institutions is not reasonable, so it is necessary to restructure vocational education institutions to meet the requirements of developing a socialistoriented market economy and national integration The 115 th Project of the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs has specified: Rearranging and reorganizing vocational education institutions in an open and flexible direction, meeting the needs of workers through vocational training Ministries, branches and localities in each period, give priority to the development of highquality schools approaching the level of ASEAN-4 countries, developed countries in the G20 group and vocational education institutions for sectors and occupations, specific object Ho Chi Minh City is the largest economic center in the country Therefore, vocational education of Ho Chi Minh City not only serves the needs of labor training in the city but also for the South and the whole country Recognizing the position and role of vocational education in human resource development to meet the requirements of socio-economic development and international integration Over the past years, the Party Committee and the government of Ho Chi Minh City have issued many guidelines and policies, and implemented synchronous measures to promote the restructuring of vocational education institutions With the right policy in the restructuring of vocational education institutions, the city has achieved many very positive achievements such as: industry structure, training field has been adjusted to increase the high-quality key industry and minimizing traditional professions and occupations with few students enrolled; the organizational model and management mechanism for vocational education institutions has been gradually improved, in the direction of reducing public schools, central management, and increasing non-public managed locally; to restructure the enrollment scale, career guidance, training association for vocational education institutions step by step meeting the needs of the labor market; restructuring programs, content, teachers, administrators are implemented seriously, closely with quality; The structure of investment in financial resources has been changed towards increasing, modern facilities and techniques to meet training needs As a result, it has changed fundamentally and comprehensively in terms of management mechanism, organizational model, profession and training field, facilities and techniques to meet the requirements of the labor market and the city's socio-economic development needs However, the process of restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City still has shortcomings such as: Restructuring occupations and training fields in vocational education institutions overlapping, failing to meet the needs of socio-economic development; the enrollment scale restructuring remains imbalanced, the work of career guidance and joint training remains limited and has not met the set requirements; restructuring programs, content, teachers, administrators still have many shortcomings; restructuring of financial resources, technical facilities has not yet achieved the set target; The geographical distribution of vocational education institutions is not reasonable From a theoretical perspective, the restructuring of vocational education institutions is a new issue related to and impacting many fields, so it has attracted the attention of many scientists from many angles, different ranges However, up to now, there has not been a research study fully and systematically on the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City in terms of economic and political science Therefore, the author chooses the topic: "Restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City" to study within the framework of a doctoral thesis specializing in Political Economy Research purposes and tasks Research purpose Clarifying theoretical and practical bases of restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City; on that basis, proposing objectives, perspectives and solutions to accelerate the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City in the coming time Research tasks - Overview of domestic and foreign research related to the dissertation, thereby, identifying scientific gaps that the dissertation needs to focus on - Clarifying the theoretical basis for the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City and surveying the experience of some localities in the country on the restructuring of vocational education institutions to draw experiences for Ho Chi Minh City - Evaluating the current situation of the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City, point out the causes of the city, limit and generalize the problems that need to be solved in the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City - Proposing objectives, perspectives and solutions to restructure vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City in the coming time Subjects and scope of reasearch Subjects of reasearch: Restructuring vocational education institutions Scope of reasearch: - Scope of content: Under the approach of the major of political economy, the thesis studies the restructuring process of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City on the following contents: (1) restructuring occupations and fields training sector; (2) restructuring organization model, management mechanism; (3) restructuring enrollment, career guidance, training association; (4) restructuring curriculum, content, teachers and administrators (5) restructuring of financial resources, facilities, technology, geography of educational institutions vocational education - Scope of time: The dissertation researches on the restructuring of vocational education institutions under the management of Ho Chi Minh City - The scope of time: The dissertation focuses on analyzing and evaluating the current situation of the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City from 2014 to 2019 Methodology and research methods Theorical basis The dissertation is based on the theory of MarxismLeninism, Ho Chi Minh's thought, the Party's lines and views on human resource development, education and training development, and vocational education.4 Methodology and research methods * Practical basis: The topic is based on documents and data published by the central authorities and Ho Chi Minh City; at the same time inherit the research results of the published scientific works related to the restructuring of vocational education institutions Research methods Based on the methodology of Marxism - Leninism, the dissertation uses a combination of specific research methods of specialized and interdisciplinary science, focusing on logical, historical, analytical methods; synthesis, comparison, practical review, sociological investigation and expert methods New contributions of the dissertation - Showing the concept and content of the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City under the perspective of political economic science; research the experience of restructuring vocational education institutions of some localities in the country and draw experiences for Ho Chi Minh City - Outline of issues raised from the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City in recent years - Identify goals and propose feasible solutions to accelerate the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City in the coming time Significances of the dissertation Theoretical significance: The research results of the thesis contribute to deepening and enriching theoretical and practical issues about the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City Practical significance: The research results can be used as a reference for Ho Chi Minh City's vocational education institutions and institutions in policy making; making teaching materials for political economy, human resource economics; in scientific research, teaching and learning on issues related to vocational education institutions and restructuring vocational education institutions Structure of the dissertaion The dissertation includes introduction, four chapters (11 periods), conclusions, list of scientific works of the author related to the dissertation, list of references and appendices Chapter OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES RELATED TO DISSERTATION 1.1 The oversea scientific research works related to dissertation 1.1.1 Research works related to vocational education Trên giới có nhiều cơng trình nghiên cứu ngồi nước liên quan đến giáo dục nghề nghiệp, tiêu biểu là: Gilles Laflamme (1993), Vocational Training - International perspectives; Dustmann, Christian, Fitzenberger, Bernd, Machin, Steve (2007), The Economics of Education and Training”; George S Mouzakitis (2010), The role of education and vocational training in economic development; Cisco (2010), Global trends in vocational education and training; Roland Vstoodley (2011), Accrediting Occupational Training Programs; Pilz Matthias (2012), The Future of Vocational Education and Training in a Changing World”; Vladimir Gasskoov (2014), Managing vocational training systems; Pilz, Matthias (2017), Vocational Education and Training in Times of Economic Crisis - Lessons from Around the World” 1.1.2 The research works related to the restructuring of vocational education institutions Glenn M., Mary Jo Blahnaetal (2008), A Competency Based model for developing human resource professionals; International perspectives Australia (2009), Quality indicators in vocational education and training International perspectives; Arlianti R (2010), Management of a VTET Institution; European Commission (2010), Education and Training 2010; European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training – CEDEFOP (2011), Quality management recommendation for vocational education and training International perspectives (2011), Quality management systems for education and training providers; Richard Noonan (2012), Managing TVET to Meet labor Market Demand; UNEVOC (2015), The Engineering of Vocational and Teaching Training” 1.2 The scientific works in Vietnam related to dissertation In recent years, there have been many works, topics and articles of many domestic authors researching related to vocational education and restructuring of vocational education institutions, typically: 1.2.1 Research works related to vocational education Pham Minh Hac (1996), Human problem in the industrialization and modernization of the country; Do Minh Cuong and Mac Van Tien (2004), Development of technical labor in Vietnam - Theory and practice; Tran Khanh Duc (2005), Human resource training quality accreditation and management according to ISO & TQM; Nguyen Viet Su (2005), Vocational education problems and solutions; Nguyen Duc Tri, (2005) Vocational education - Some theoretical and practical issues; Le Thi Ngan (2005), Improving the quality of human resources in accessing knowledge economy in Vietnam; Institute for Human Studies (2006), State-level Science and Technology Program KX-05, Development of culture, people and human resources in the period of industrialization and modernization ”; Nguyen Van Anh (2008), Training coordination between vocational institutions and enterprises in industrial zones; Phan Chinh Thuc (2009), Vocational training development solutions to contribute to meeting the human resource needs for industrialization and modernization ”; Nguyen Loc (2010), Basic theoretical issues on human resource development in Vietnam; Group of authors Nguyen Duc Giang, Ngo Thanh Binh, Nguyen Quoc Thin, Nguyen The Dan, Do The Hung, Nguyen Minh Duong, Nguyen Duc Tri, Phan Chi Thanh, Vu Duc Minh, Nguyen Hong Minh (2012), “Renovating management school management of vocational education in the process of international integration ”; Phan Van Nhan (2013), Vocational education in the market economy and international integration; Nguyen Minh Duong (2015), Vocational Education Vietnam on the way of development and international integration; Phan Van Nhan, Nguyen Loc, Ngo Anh Tuan (2016), Scientific basis of vocational education; Le Thi Thanh Tra, Pham Thi Thanh Thuy (2018), Some solutions for state management of education in the current socialistoriented market economy in our country 1.2.2 The research works related to the restructuring of vocational education institutions Nguyen Duc Tri, (2009), Some adjustments to the structure of the vocational education system of our country in the process of international integration; Vocational Science Research Institute, Ministerial-level Scientific Project (2010), Solutions to building the relationship between training institutions and production and business establishments to link training and employers” ; Vietnam Institute of Educational Science, Ministry-level scientific topic (2011), Vocational training situation to meet business needs in the current context”; Dao Thi Thanh Thuy (2012), Management training technical human resources to meet the needs of developing industrial zones in the central region; Vu Xuan Hung (2015), Renewing the training system and qualifications in the vocational education law; Pham Do Nhat Tien (2020), Vocational education in the context of industrial revolution 4.0 1.3 Overview of research results of published scientific works related to dissertation and issues that need to be solved 1.3.1 Outline the results of the published scientific work On the basis of an overview of overseas and domestic research related to the thesis topic, the general evaluation of research results of the review works: Firstly, in a number of works mentioned the process of development, the role of vocational education in socio-economic development, factors and conditions for vocational education development Secondly, a number of works mention vocational education development, planning or restructuring the network of vocational education institutions to meet the needs of socio-economic development Thirdly, there are a number of works that mention aspects of planning, restructuring the vocational education system in our country, analyzing the current situation, the causes of the current situation and proposing views and solutions for development , perfecting vocational education institutions Through an overview of scientific works, it can be seen that domestic and foreign authors studying vocational education mention and analyze aspects, aspects, slices or only a part of the research object Research is to restructure vocational education, without placing the research object in a whole body to have a systematic, specialized and specific research, thereby giving out theoretical problems and basic practices in the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City Therefore, the thesis topic done by the graduate student does not coincide with the scientific works published 1.3.2 The issues that dissertation to be solved On the basis of an overview of relevant researches, identifying the scientific gaps that the dissertation needs to focus on are: Firstly, What is the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City? What is the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City? Are there any factors influencing the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City? What lessons can be drawn for Ho Chi Minh City from the research on the experiences of localities in the country on the restructuring of vocational education institutions? Secondly, what achievements and limitations have there been in the restructuring of vocational training institutions in Ho Chi Minh City in recent years? What is the cause of that limited achievement? From the current situation of the restructuring of vocational training institutions in Ho Chi Minh City, what are the problems that need to be solved? Thirdly, in order to promote the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City in the coming time, what basic views and basic solutions should be grasped? Accordingly, in order to resolve the contradictions that the restructuring process of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City sets out, the thesis focuses on identifying the guiding points and directions to accelerate this process Conclusion of Chapter Restructuring vocational education institutions in general and the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City are a big topic area, attracting the attention of scientists and managers at home, abroad and a large number of social media to participate in the discussion Many works mentioned general theoretical issues about the restructuring of vocational institutions such as conception, content, role Some projects both at home and abroad have focused on analysis The current situation of vocational education institutions restructuring, on that basis, offers solutions to promote the restructuring process However, up to now, there has not been any scientific work that has been systematically and comprehensively solved in terms of economic and political science about the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City Therefore, the dissertation topic is not duplicated with published scientific works From systematizing, analyzing, researching documents, domestic and foreign research, the graduate student has partly clarified the main research results of typical research related to Thesis topic, which can selectively inherit contents At the same time, it is also clear that the scientific gaps that the dissertation needs to focus on are: The dissertation clarifies the theoretical basis of restructuring vocational education institutions, assessing 10 the status of the restructuring of institutions Ho Chi Minh City Department of Vocational Education, proposing goals, perspectives and solutions to restructure vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City in the coming time Chapter THE BASIC THEORY OF THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES OF RESTRUCTURING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF HO CHI MINH CITY AND EXPERIENCE 2.1 General issues on vocational education and restructuring of vocational education institutions 2.1.1 Concepts, characteristics and role of vocational education 2.1.1.1 Career education concept Vocational education is a learning level of the national education system aimed at training elementary, intermediate, college and other vocational training programs for workers, which are conducted according to the The two forms are formal training and regular training 2.1.1.2 Vocational education characteristics Firstly, vocational education is a part of the national education system that includes training at vocational colleges, vocational secondary schools and elementary vocational schools Secondly, vocational education is diversified in occupations, directly affected by the needs of socio-economic development and the job market Thirdly, vocational education is managed by many clues, from many levels, with different contents and programs Fourthly, vocational education is highly socialized, attracting the State, enterprises and investment institutions 17 Restructuring occupations, fields, training programs, conducted synchronously With capacity building, the qualifications of teachers and administrators; continue to synchronously restructure the organizational model and management mechanism to both improve the effectiveness and efficiency of state management while enhancing the autonomy of vocational education institutions; strong restructuring of financial resources, material foundations, techniques and teaching equipment; promote the restructuring of training links in the direction of strengthening the link between vocational education institutions with businesses and international cooperation in vocational education Chapter THE PRACTICAL SITUATION OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF HO CHI MINH CITY 3.1 Outline of the vocational education institution system and the achievements and limitations in the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City 3.1.1 An overview of the vocational education system of Ho Chi Minh City 3.1.1.1 Number, geographical distribution and functions of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City 3.1.1.2 Governing body, teaching staff, administrators and enrollment size 3.1.2 Achievements in the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City 3.1.2.1 The structure of occupations and training fields has been adjusted to increase key occupations, high-quality spearhead, minimizing traditional occupations and occupations with few students enrolled 3.1.2.2 The organizational model and management mechanism for vocational education institutions has been gradually improved, towards reducing public schools, central management, and increasing non-public managed locally 3.1.2.3 To restructure the enrollment scale, career guidance, training association for vocational education institutions step by step to meet the needs of the labor market 18 3.1.2.4 Restructuring programs, content, teachers, administrators are implemented seriously, closely with quality 3.1.2.5 Investment structure of financial resources changes towards increasing trend, modern facilities and techniques meet training needs 3.1.3 Limitations in the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City 3.1.3.1 Vocational restructuring, training fields in vocational education institutions are overlapping, not meeting the needs of socioeconomic development 3.1.3.2 Restructuring the organizational model and management mechanism still has many shortcomings, is slow to innovate, and the efficiency is not high 3.1.3.3 Enrollment scale restructuring is still imbalanced, career guidance and training association are still limited, not meeting the restructuring requirements 3.1.3.4 Restructuring programs, content, solving for a contingent of teachers and administrators after restructuring, there are still many shortcomings 3.1.3.5 Restructuring financial resources, technical facilities has not yet reached the set target 3.2 Causes of achievements, shortcomings and a number of issues that need to be addressed in the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City 3.2.1 The causes of the achievements, the limitations in the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City 3.2.1.1 Cause of achievement * Objective reasons Firstly, the positive effects of the scientific and technological revolution, the knowledge economy on the restructuring of vocational education institutions Secondly, the views and policies of our Party and State on human resource development, development and restructuring of education and training, vocational education Thirdly, the leadership and direction of the Party, the National Assembly, the Government and ministries, departments and 19 branches of the Central Government towards the restructuring of vocational education * Subjective reasons Firstly, the leadership and direction of Ho Chi Minh City's party committees, authorities, authorities, departments at all levels are concerned with the restructuring of vocational education institutions Secondly, to promote well the role of coordinating organizations, forces and vocational education institutions themselves in the restructuring of vocational education institutions Thirdly, vocational education institutions themselves have always been active and proactive in formulating plans and programs to promote restructuring of vocational education institutions * Subjective reasons Firstly, the leadership and direction of Ho Chi Minh City's party committees, authorities, authorities, departments at all levels in the restructuring of vocational education institutions Secondly, to promote well the role of coordinating organizations, forces and vocational education institutions themselves in the restructuring of vocational education institutions Thirdly, vocational education institutions themselves have always been active and proactive in formulating plans and programs to promote restructuring of vocational education institutions 3.2.1.2 The cause of the restriction * Objective reasons Firstly, the scale, occupations and fields of training are increasingly expanding while the organizational model and management mechanism lacks synchronization and consistency, causing difficulties for restructuring Secondly, the system of State legal documents related to the restructuring of vocational training institutions is inconsistent and has not kept pace with the reality of vocational education development * Subjective reasons Firstly, the awareness and responsibility of a number of levels, sectors, localities and vocational education institutions in the restructuring of vocational training institutions are inadequate and have not brought into full play the sense of responsibility 20 Secondly, the leadership, management, administration and coordination among a number of agencies and functional forces of the city are not high and ineffective Thirdly, management mechanisms, policies and investment in the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City are inadequate, unbalanced in the restructuring of vocational education institutions 3.2.2 Some issues that need to be addressed in the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City 3.2.2.1 Settlement of contradictions between the requirements for restructuring of vocational education institutions in terms of sizes, occupations, domains and quality and the organizational model and management mechanism of vocational education institutions 3.2.2.2 Resolving conflicts between ensuring the synchrony and timely mechanisms and policies with the reality of restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City 3.2.2.3 Resolving the conflict between the request for restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City and the limited capacity and qualifications of managerial staff of vocational education institutions 3.2.2.4 Resolving conflicts between restructuring occupations and training domains and the response to physical and technical foundations in vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City Conclusion chapter With the close direction of the Central Government, related ministries, branches of the City and vocational education institutions themselves, the restructuring process has achieved important initial achievements such as: , professions and fields of training have been expanded; organizational model, management mechanism is increasingly perfect; career guidance and enrollment have developed; management staff, teachers are balanced and reasonable; financial resources, material and technical facilities are interested in investing However, the restructuring of vocational education institutions of the Ho Chi Minh still exists limitations in occupations, fields, organizational model, management mechanism The advantages and disadvantages include the original objective and subjective personnel 21 From the current situation of the restructuring of vocational education institutions of the City, there are many issues that need to be addressed such as: Resolving the conflict between ensuring the consistency and timeliness of mechanisms and policies with reality see off the restructuring of vocational education institutions; between the development of the scale, the profession, the domain and the quality of vocational education with the organizational model and management mechanism of vocational education institutions; between the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City with the capacity and qualifications of the contingent of management staff in the restructuring of vocational education institutions; between the expansion of careers and training fields and the facilities and technical foundations of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City Chapter OBJECTIVES, VIEWPOINTS AND SOLUTIONS FOR RESTRUCTURING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF HO CHI MINH CITY IN THE COMING TIME 4.1 The goal of restructuring vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City in the coming time 4.1.1 Bases for determining the objectives of restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City 4.1.1.1 Legal grounds Resolution No 19-NQ / TW dated October 25, 2017 of the 6th Conference of the XII Central Executive Committee on continuing to renew the organization and management system, improving the quality and efficiency of operations of public service agencies Resolution No 08 / NQ-CP dated January 24, 2018 of the Government on the Government's Action Program, Resolution No 19 NQ / TW dated October 25, 2017 of the 6th Conference of the Central Executive Committee Course XII on continuing to renew the organizational and management system, improving the quality and efficiency of operations of public non-business units 22 Project No 115 / TTr-LĐTBXH dated August 15, 2019 of the Ministry of Labor - Invalids and Social Affairs on rearranging and reorganizing the system of vocational education institutions by 2030 4.1.1.2 Practical basis By 2019, the city will have 554 vocational education institutions, including: 52 colleges, 64 intermediate schools, 82 vocational education centers, 356 institutions with vocational education activities The network of vocational education institutions is widely developed in all districts; diverse in types, training levels and operating models However, the distribution of the vocational education institution system is spread, overlapping, the quality is not uniform, the organization model and the management mechanism are inadequate, the profession and the training field are still imbalanced ; program and content are spread out, inconsistent; career guidance, enrollment is still limited; the contingent of teachers and administrators still has many shortcomings; lack of financial resources and technical facilities Many schools offer the same vocational training in the same area, many vocational education institutions fail to meet the standards and the quality of operation is low 4.1.2 Mục tiêu tái cấu sở giáo dục nghề nghiệp thành phố Hồ Chí Minh * Mục tiêu tổng quát Sắp xếp, tổ chức lại sở giáo dục nghề nghiệp theo hướng mở linh hoạt, đáp ứng nhu cầu nhân lực thị trường sức lao động, bảo đảm quy mô, cấu, hợp lý ngành nghề, trình độ đào tạo, bảo đảm việc học tập suốt đời, góp phần hình thành đội ngũ lao động có trình độ chun mơn kỹ thuật kỹ mềm; gắn kết chặt chẽ đào tạo nghề nghiệp với thị trường sức lao động, việc làm bền vững an sinh xã hội 4.1.2 The target of restructuring vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City * Overall objectives Rearrange and reorganize vocational education institutions in an open and flexible direction, meeting the human resource needs of the labor market, ensuring the scale, structure, and reasonableness of occupations and training levels ensuring lifelong learning, contributing to the formation of a workforce with technical expertise and soft skills; closely link career training with the labor market, sustainable jobs and social security 23 * Detail goal First, the size of the vocational education institution Second, the vocational education institution's location Third, the size of the contingent of vocational education institutions Fourth, the size of enrollment in vocational education institutions Fifth, facilities and budget of vocational training institutions 4.2 Viewpoint of restructuring vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City 4.2.1 The restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City must be included in the overall restructuring of vocational education institutions of the country and meet the demand for human resources for socio-economic development of the city This is the guiding viewpoint that needs to be thoroughly understood at all levels, all branches, all forces and throughout the process of restructuring the vocational education institution of Ho Chi Minh City According to the above point of view, the City needs to fulfill the following requirements: Firstly, the formulation of schemes, programs and plans on restructuring vocational education institutions must be based on the restructuring of vocational education institutions nationwide Secondly, based on the demand for human resources for socio-economic development to promptly adjust and supplement the content, programs, occupations, training fields, quantity, quality, and muscle distribution vocational education department Thirdly, rearrange the network of vocational training institutions on the basis of a long-term plan on human resource development for socio-economic development of Ho Chi Minh City 4.2.2 Restructuring vocational education institutions must aim at improving the overall quality and efficiency of operations as the key task This is a guiding view throughout the entire process of restructuring vocational education institutions of the City Thorough understanding of this point of view should fulfill the following requirements: 24 Firstly, to really attach importance to the focus on improving the quality of vocational education institutions in the restructuring process Secondly, to prioritize investment in improving the quality of training in key occupations with high quality, comprehensive training of skills and professional ethics Thirdly, in the process of restructuring, it is necessary to attach importance to improving the quality of accreditation and evaluation of the quality of education in vocational education institutions 4.2.3 Restructuring vocational education institutions must be conducted in a comprehensive, but focused and key manner in each period This is a guiding viewpoint to ensure a comprehensive restructuring of vocational institutions is carried out Thorough understanding of this point of view should fulfill the following basic requirements: Firstly, to raise awareness for all actors regarding the development of projects and plans to restructure vocational education institutions of the City Secondly, perfecting the management mechanism, organization and apparatus in the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City should be respected and one step ahead Thirdly, in parallel with the renewal of programs and materials, it is necessary to foster to improve the qualifications of suitable teachers for each subject on the basis of the vocational educators' standards Fourthly, encourage investment in the development of vocational education institutions for specific industries, occupations and subjects 4.2.4 Restructuring vocational education institutions must ensure the interests of administrators, teachers, employees and learners 25 This is a point of view that plays an important role in the process of reorganizing vocational education institutions, contributing to ensuring the efficiency and quality of the restructuring of vocational education institutions To implement the above point of view, the Ho Chi Minh City needs to fulfill the following requirements: Firstly, to restructure in the direction of increasingly perfecting policies for the contingent of teachers in vocational education institutions Secondly, perfecting policies for learners and enhancing the quality of management staff at vocational education institutions Thirdly, complete policies to encourage investment in modern facilities and technical equipment to meet training programs and contents in the restructuring process 4.3 Solutions to restructure vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City in the coming time 4.3.1 Strengthen the leadership of the party committees and authorities at all levels in Ho Chi Minh City and the ownership of vocational education institutions in the process of restructuring vocational education institutions This is a decisive solution that needs to be taken during the restructuring of vocational education institutions of the City Therefore, in order to strengthen the leadership of the party committees and authorities at all levels in Ho Chi Minh City and 26 the ownership role of vocational education institutions, the City should take the following measures: Firstly, to build, complete, organize and implement the scheme of restructuring vocational education institutions Secondly, promote the autonomy and self-responsibility of vocational education institutions in terms of content, programs, structure, quantity, and quality in developing projects on restructuring vocational education institutions Thirdly, strengthen inspection and supervision to prevent and combat negativity and law violations in the development of projects on restructuring vocational education institutions 4.3.2 Completing the network planning, organizational structure, renewing contents and programs in the restructuring of vocational education institutions This is an important solution to promote the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City The basis of this solution stems from the perspective of our Party on educational development To complete network planning, reform programs, organize and evaluate training results in vocational education institutions, the city needs to implement the following measures: Firstly, perfecting the planning for the network of vocational education institutions of the City Secondly, perfecting the organizational apparatus for the management of vocational education institutions of the City Thirdly, to renew the vocational education training program of vocational education institutions in the city 4.3.3 Developing a contingent of teachers and administrators to meet the requirements of restructuring vocational education institutions This is a transparent solution in the process of restructuring vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City Therefore, in order to develop a contingent of teachers and administrators to meet 27 the requirements of restructuring vocational education institutions of the City, the following measures should be taken: Firstly, training and fostering standardization of teachers of vocational education institutions in the city Secondly, improve the quality of the management contingent of vocational education institutions in the city Thirdly, to implement the City's policy of attracting and remunerating teachers and managers of vocational education institutions 4.3.4 Increasing investment in facilities, equipment and participation of units and enterprises in the process of restructuring vocational education institutions This is a breakthrough solution to the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City Therefore, in order to increase investment in facilities, equipment, the participation of units and enterprises in the process of restructuring vocational education institutions in the City, it is necessary to implement the contents and France follows: Firstly, to focus on investing in training facilities and techniques in vocational education institutions Secondly, to step up research and manufacture of self-made equipment for teaching and learning in vocational education institutions Thirdly, perfecting mechanisms and policies for businesses and employers participating in vocational education 4.3.5 Improving the quality of scientific research, international cooperation and social awareness of the role of restructuring vocational education institutions This is an important solution that directly supports and promotes the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City To improve the quality of scientific research, international cooperation and social awareness of the role of restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh city, it is necessary to implement the following contents and measures : Firstly, promoting scientific research in the Ho Chi Minh city vocational education institutions Secondly, improving the quality of international cooperation in vocational education of Ho Chi Minh city 28 Thirdly, promote communication and communication to raise awareness of enterprises and employers about the benefits, rights and obligations to participate in the restructuring of vocational education institutions Fourthly, strengthen communication, counseling, career guidance, entrepreneurship and job recommendation in vocational education institutions Conclusion of Chater In order to overcome the limitations and solve the problems posed by the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City, in the coming time, it is necessary to thoroughly grasp and well implement the viewpoints: The structure of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City must be included in the overall restructuring of vocational education institutions of the whole country and meet the socio-economic development requirements of the city; The goal of improving the quality and efficiency of operations is a priority key task in the restructuring of vocational education institutions; towards openness and flexibility, meeting the human resource needs, giving priority to developing high-quality schools to reach the level of ASEAN-4 countries and developed countries; ensure the interests of the contingent of administrators, teachers, employees, learners, and standardize material and technical foundations On the basis of the viewpoints, to implement the restructuring of vocational education institutions in the City, in the coming time, it is necessary to implement the following solutions: Strengthening the leadership of the party committees and authorities at all levels of Ho Chi Minh City and the ownership role of vocational education institutions in the process of restructuring vocational education institutions; perfecting the network planning, organizational apparatus, renewing contents and programs; develop a contingent of teachers and administrators to meet the requirements of restructuring vocational education institutions; increase investment in facilities, equipment, the participation of units and enterprises; improve the quality of scientific research, international cooperation and social awareness of the role of restructuring vocational education institutions The solutions have a dialectic relationship In which, the 29 1st solution has decisive significance to the restructuring process; the second solution boosting; the 3rd and 4th solution is breakthrough; th 5th solution to support and accelerate the restructuring of vocational education institutions in Ho Chi Minh City CONCLUSION Restructuring vocational education institutions in general and Ho Chi Minh City's vocational education institutions in particular is an important content that attracts attention and research on many angle, level The published works with different subjects and scopes have initially explained the concept of restructuring and restructuring vocational education institutions Some research projects have evaluated the current situation, proposed views and solutions to improve the restructuring of vocational education institutions in some localities However, through an overview of the research situation related to the dissertation topic shows that, up to now, no scientific works have been approached in terms of political economic science, about restructuring institutions vocational education of Ho Chi Minh City in a complete and systematic manner Therefore, the problem study: "Restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City" does not overlap with relevant scientific published published Restructuring vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City is the sum of activities of subjects on the basis of perception and application of objective economic laws to adjust and rearrange about the profession, the field of training; organizational model, management mechanism; enrollment scale, career guidance, training association; programs, content, teachers and administrators; financial resources, physical and technical foundations and geographical distribution of vocational education institutions according to the requirements of the labor market, meeting the needs of socio-economic development and the industrial cause industrialization and modernization of the City The contents of the comprehensive restructuring of vocational education institutions include the restructuring of occupations, training domains, organizational model, and management mechanism to financial resources; material and technical foundations, teachers and administrators of vocational training institutions 30 In recent years, the restructuring of vocational education institutions of the City has achieved important initial achievements such as: the scale, professions and fields of training have been expanded; organizational model, management mechanism is increasingly perfect; career guidance and enrollment have developed; management staff, teachers are balanced and reasonable; financial resources, material and technical facilities are interested in investing However, in addition to the achievements achieved, the restructuring of vocational education institutions of the City still has shortcomings: unbalanced sectors and fields; organization model, management mechanism is not unified; career guidance and enrollment are still inadequate The advantages and limitations in the restructuring of vocational education institutions of Ho Chi Minh City have both objective and subjective reasons From the current situation of the restructuring of vocational education institutions of the City, there are many issues that need to continue promoting the restructuring of vocational education institutions of the City, such as: solve a number of issues: To resolve conflicts between ensuring the consistency and timeliness of legal documents and mechanisms and policies with the reality of restructuring vocational education institutions; between the development of the scale, the profession, the domain and the quality of vocational education with the organizational model and management mechanism of vocational education institutions; between implementing the restructuring of vocational education institutions with the capacity and qualifications of the contingent of managerial staff of the restructuring of vocational education institutions; between career expansion, training domains and material and technical foundations of vocational education institutions To promote the process of restructuring vocational education institutions of the City in the coming time, it is necessary to fully grasp the basic views, seriously implement the main solutions mentioned in the thesis In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the leadership of the party committees and authorities at all levels of Ho Chi Minh City and the ownership role of vocational education institutions; perfecting the network planning, organizational apparatus, renewing contents and programs; developing the contingent of teachers and administrators, increasing investment in facilities, equipment, and participation of units and enterprises; improve the quality of scientific research, international 31 cooperation and social awareness of the role of restructuring vocational education institutions The solutions have a close relationship, support and promote each other Therefore, in the process of restructuring vocational education institutions, the city must synchronously implement the above solutions