Đề cương ôn tập cả năm môn tiếng Anh - Lớp 10

Đề cương ôn tập cả năm Tiếng Anh 10 Ex: Cats like milk EX: New York is a big city - HTĐ được sử dụng để diễn tả một hanh động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai đã được xac định trước.. Ex: The t[r]

Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 đề cương ôn tập năm M«n TiÕng Anh -Lớp 10 A/ Accent mark: Dấu nhấn/ Trọng âm Đối với từ gồm có vần, trọng âm thường rơi vào vần đầu Ex: rísky, flóra, áudience, cháracter, Đối với từ gồm có vần (hoặc nhiều hơn), trọng âm thường rơi vào vần thứ kể từ cuối Ex: minórity, metropólitan, commúnicate, varíety, Đối với từ tận cùng có các vần như: -ion, -ic, -ian, trọng âm thường rơi vào vần phía trước Ex: emótion, competítion, scientífic, photográphic, olýmpic, electrícian, Confúcian, Đối với từ tận cùng có các vần như: -oo, -oon, -ee, -een, -eer, -ese, -ette, trọng âm thường rơi vào các vần này Ex: bambóo, shampóo, cartóon, afternóon, referée, employée, cantéen, thirtéen, enginéer, Vietnamése, Chinése, cigarétte, Đối với từ có các tiền tố (tiếp đầu ngữ) như: in-, im-, ir-, re-, pre-, dis-, de-, be-, ex-, en-, trọng âm thường rơi vào vần phía sau Ex: insíde, impóssible, irrégular, repéat, prevíew, discúss, deféat, begín, excíted, enjóy, represént, indepéndent, B/ Sound: Phát âm Chú ý các phụ âm đã học SGK từ Unit 9- 16 Động từ tận cùng -ED có cách phát âm là: /id/, /t/, /d/ a Đối với động từ tận cùng là: -t, -d, thêm -ED phát âm là /id/ Ex: wanted, collected, decided, needed, b Đối với động từ tận cùng là: -c, -f, -k, -p, -s, -x, -sh, -ch, thêm -ED phát âm là /t/ Ex: practiced, stuffed, looked, stopped, missed, fixed, washed, watched, c Đối với động từ tận cùng là các phụ âm còn lại nguyên âm, thêm -ED phát âm là /d/ Ex: enjoyed, stayed, managed, cleaned, arrived, called, Động từ/ danh từ tận cùng -S có cách phát âm là: /s, /z/ a Đối với động từ/ danh từ tận cùng là: -p, -f, -th, -k, -t thêm -S phát âm là /s/ Ex: stops, books, cuts, months, roofs, b Đối với động từ/ danh từ tận cùng là các phụ âm còn lại nguyên âm, thêm -S phát âm là /z/ Ex: enjoys, stays, dogs, pens, tables, lives, Simple present ( đơn ) S + V (s/es) Ex: I speak English / He speaks English Ex: Do you speak English ? / Does he speak English? Ex: I don’t speak English / He does not speak English  Use : - HTĐ sử dụng để cac thoi quen, sở thich , cac kiện diễn hang ,cac kiện kế hoạch cac việc thường xuyen xảy Ex: I play tennis every day Ex: The train leaves every morning at am - HTĐ dung để việc , tượng mang tinh chất quy luật khai quat TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 1/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 Ex: Cats like milk EX: New York is a big city - HTĐ sử dụng để diễn tả hanh động xảy tương lai đã xac định trước Ex: The train leaves tonight at p.m EX : When does class begin tomorrow? Simple past ( Quá khứ đơn) S + V+ ed/ irregular verbs You called Debbie Did you call Debbie You didn’t call Debbie  Use : - QKĐ diễn tả hanh động đã xảy thời điểm cụ thể qua khứ I saw a movie yesterday Last year , I didn’t travel to Korea - QKĐ dung để diễn tả chuỗi cac hanh động đã xảy qua khứ I finished work , walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00 _ QKĐ dung để qua trinh đã kết thuc quá khứ I lived in Brazil i 1990 Mary studied English five year ago Adverbs of frequency ( cac trạng từ tuần suất) - Cac trạng từ sử dụng để diễn tả mức độ thường xuyen hanh động nao đó We often went camping when we were children - Cac trạng từ bao gồm : Always, usually, frequently, often, sometimes, occasionally, rarely, seldom,hardly, ever, never - Khi sử dụng với động từ thường , cac trạng từ thường đứng chủ ngữ và động từ chinh David occasionally visits us on Sundays - Khi sử dụng với động từ to be, cac trạng từ thường đứng sau động từ She is often ill in winter Wh- questions ( c©u hỏi với từ để hỏi bắt đầu Wh) - Câu hỏi với từ để hỏi bắt đầu –Wh cho phep người hỏi tim cac thông tin cac chủ đề sau When ? ( nao ?) Time ( thời gian) Where ? (ở đâu ?) place (nơi chốn) Who ? (ai ? ) person ( người) Why ? ( ?) reason ( lý do) How ? ( nao ?) manner (cach thức) What ? ( cai gì ? ) object, idea,action (vật thể, ý kiến, hanh động) - Một số từ để hỏi khac giup người hỏi tim kiếm thông tin cụ thể Which one ? ( cai nao ) Choice of alternatives( lựa chọn) Whose ? ( ? ) Possession ( sở hữu) Whom ? ( ?) person (người –tân ngữ) How much ? ( bao nhieu?) price,amount (non-count) gia cả, số lượng( danh từ không đếm được) How many ? (bao nhieu?) Quantity (count) số lượng (danh từ đếm được) How long ? ( bao lâu?) Duration( qua trinh) TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 2/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 How often ? ( bao lâu lần) Frequency( mức độ thường xuyen) How far ? ( bao xa ?) Distance ( khoảng cach) What kind of? ( loại nao?) Description (mieu tả) Wh- question: Make Wh-question for the following sentences: 11 My aunt and uncle live in Chicago.>> Where 12 We often have dinner at 7:00 pm >> What time 13 I am reading an English book at the moment >> What 14 It takes me 30 minutes to go to school >> How long 15 She speaks English very fluently >> How 16 I have written over twenty novels >> How many 17 This street is twenty kilometers long >> How long 18 I spent 10 dollars on this shirt >> How much 19 I have been learning English for years >> How long 20 She will be married to a rich man >> Who 21 Tom goes to the library twice a week >> How often 22 I went to school late because I missed the bus >> Why 23 She is a doctor >> What 24 They were watching a game show >> What 25 He like studying Math >> What subject 26 The weather is very nice in this country >> What 27 She was born in Dam Doi In 1985 >> Where and when 28 She wanted to become an English teacher 29 They are cutting trees in the forest for wood >> For what 30 There are forty-five students in my class >> How many 31 They their homework at night >> When 32 Mr Robertson came to the party alone >>Who 33 The car is across the street from the house Where 34 She felt better after she took a nap >>How 35 My sister called her boyfriend yesterday >>When 36 That is an English book >> What 37 She talked to him for an hour.>> How long 38 She was eating a sandwich >>What 39 Their favorite kind of music is Latin Jazz >>What 40 He is going to work right now >>Where Động từ với -ing vµđộng từ nguyen thể ( Gerunds and Infinitives) a Động từ cung với –ing gọi lµ dang động từ Cac danh động từ sử dụng lµm chủ ngũ , bổ ngữ vµ t©n ngữ c©u Reading helps you learn English ( chủ ngữ) Her favorite hobby is reading ( bổ ngữ) John enjoys riding bike (tân ngữ) - - Phủ định danh động từ c¸ch them not vao phia trước The best thing for your health is not smoking Verbs followed by the gerund (động từ theo sau danh động từ) admit (v) : Chấp nhận - avoid ( v) anticipate ( v) : biết trước, đoán trước - keep = cotinnue (v) TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com tr¸nh khỏi tiếp tục Trang 3/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 - loathe ( v) ghê tởm , ghét - practice (v) thực hành mean= involve (v) nghĩa là ,có ý muốn - prevent (v) ngăn cản mind (v) chú ý, lưu ý, để ý - propose (v) đề nghị , đưa consider (v) cân nhắc - recollect (v) nhớ lại ,nhớ - risk (v) liều lĩnh defer (v) trì hoãn, làm theo - resist (v) kháng cự delay (v) ho·n lại resume (v) hồi phục lại, lấy lại detest (v) ghét cay đắng ,ghê tởm - stop(= cease) dừng lại dislike (v) kh«ng thÝch, ghÐt justify (v) bào chữa ,thanh minh finish (v) kết thóc fancy= imagine(v) tưởng tượng - can’t bear escape (v) trốn thoát - can’t stand excuse (v) tha thứ , bỏ qua - can’t help forgive (v) tha thứ - can’t resist imagine (v) tưởng tượng - it’s no use v« Ých involve (v) bao gồm - it’s no good v« Ých - there’s no kh«ng cã gÝa trị , v« gÝa miss (v) bỏ lỡ, nhỡ tàu xe… be worth trị gi¸ , có gi¸ trị pardon (v) xin lỗi postpone(v) trì hoãn b Động từ nguyen thể lµ dạng động từ cã to Động từ nguyen thể có thể sử dụng chủ ngữ , bổ ngữ tân ngữ câu To learn is important ( chủ ngữ) The most important thing is to learn ( bổ ngữ) He wants to learn , ( tân ngữ) - Phủ định động từ nguen thể cach them not vao phia trước The most important thing is not to give up - * Verbs followed by the infinitive Agree (v) đồng ý Aim (v) nhằm mục đích, mục tiêu Appear (v) xuất Arrange (v) thu xếp, xếp Ask (v) hỏi, yêu cầu Attempt (v) cố gắng, nỗ lực Bother (v) làm phiền Choose (v) lựa chọn Claim (v) thỉnh cầu, đòi Condescend(v) hạ cố, chiếu cố Consent (v) lòng, ưng thuận Decide (v) định Decline (v) suy giảm, từ chối Demand (v) yêu cầu, đòi hỏi Vow (v) tuyên thề Hope (v) hy vọng Pretend (v) giả vờ Proceed (v) tiến lên, đến TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com - Promise (v) hứa Prove (v) chứng minh Threaten (v) đe doạ Trouble (v) gây rắc rối Swear (v) thề Refuse (v) từ chối Seem (v) dường Plan (v) lập kế hoạch Prepare (v) chuẩn bị Manage (v) quản lý, cố gắng Determine (v) tâm Neglect (v) lãng, không chú ý Offer (v) tặng biếu, đưa đề nghị Hesitate (v) miễn cưỡng Guarantee( v) cam đoan, bảo lãnh Fail (v) thất bại Endeavor (v) cố gắng ,ráng Happen (v) xảy Trang 4/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund or infinitive): 16 I am looking forward to (see) you 17 He is tired of (walk) to school 18 I arranged (meet) them here 19 He urged us (work) faster 20 I wish (see) the manager It's no use (wait) He warned her (not touch) the wire Don't forget (lock) the door before (go) to bed My mother told me (not speak) to anyone about it 10 I can't understand her (behave) like that 11 He tried (explain) but she refused (listen) 12 At dinner she annoyed me by (smoke) between the courses 13 You are expected (know) the safety regulations of the college 14 He decided (disguise) himself by (dress) as a woman 15 lam prepared (wait) here all night if necessary 16 Would you mind (show) me how (work) the lift? 17 After (walk) for three hours we stopped to let the others (catch with us 18 I am beginning (understand) what you mean 19 He was fined for (exceed) the speed limit 20 The boys like (play) games but hate (do) lessons Past perfect ( Quá khứ hoan (QKHT) Form : S + had + P2 (past participle) He had studied English before he moved to New York Had he studied English before he moved to New York He had not studied English before he moved to New York  Use : - QKHT sử dụng để hanh động xảy trước hanh động khac quá khứ Ex : He had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Nha Trang I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet Tony knew English so well because he had visited the city several times Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand? - QKHT sử dụng để diễn tả quá trinh diễn trước hanh động nao đó qua khứ We had had that car for ten years before it broke down By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years Used to ( quen với) * Form : Used to + V Ex : I used to go to the beach every day TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 5/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10  Use : - Cấu truc used to + V sử dụng để noi cac thoi quen qua khứ I used to start work at o’clock Sam and Mary used to go to Mexico in the summer Jerry used to learn English - Cấu truc sử dụng để tượng , hanh động qua khứ la chân li mang tinh khai quat George used to be the best student in class, but now Lena is Oranges used to cost very little in Florida , but now they are quite expensive  - Used to dùng câu hỏi và câu phủ định You used to play the piano Did you use to play the piano when you were young? You didn’t use to play the piano when you w ere young - Chủ động và bị động cấu trúc used to Ex: Jerry used to pay the bills (Chủ động) Ex : The bills used to be paid by Jerry ( Bị động) Note: CÇn ph©n biÖt cÊu tróc “used to st”vµ “ To be/ to get used to doing st” NÕu cÊu trúc “ used to st” dùng để nói thói quen quá khứ mà không còn tồn t¹i n÷a th× cÊu tróc “ to be /to get used to doing st” mang ý nghÜa “ quen víi viÖc g×” Ex: I am used to getting up early Ex : I used to get up early when I was at high school The + Adjective The cùng với số tính từ có thể tạo các danh từ nhóm người - The blind ( người mù) - The deaf ( người điếc) - The disabled ( người tàn tật) - The poor ( người nghèo) - The rich ( người giàu) - The unemployed ( người thất nghiệp) Ex: The gover nment is trying to help the disabled to have a better life   The present perfect ( HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh) Form S + have/ has + P2 ( past participle) I have played football I have not played football Have you played football ? Use : - Dùng HTHT để diễn tả các hành động hay tình xảy thời điểm không xác định qúa khứ kéo dài đến I have seen that movie twenty times Have you read the book yet ? - Dùng HTHT dùng để nói việc đã xảy đã thực thời điểm nào đó quá khứ, không đề cập đến thời gian cụ thể I have been abroad twice Anna has never broken a leg TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Lop11.com Trang 6/21 Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 Have you ever eaten sushi ? * Never và ever thường dùng câu phủ định và câu hỏi với thời HTHT - HTHT dùng để diễn tả hành động bắt đầu quá khứ và tiếp tục đến hiÖn t¹i I have been a teacher for more than ten years We haven’t seen Mary since Friday  Since dùng trước thời điểm cụ thể và For dùng trước khoảng thời gian diễn tả hành động kéo dài bao lâu  Just ,already, yet dùng để hành động quá khứ mà kết lưu đến t¹i - Dùng HTHT để nói thay đổi đã xảy khoảng thời gian You have grown since the last time I saw you The gover nment has become more interested in arts education - Dùng HTHT để nói hành động quá khứ và kết lưu đến I have lost my wallet = I don’t have it now Jimmy has gone to South America = He isn’t here now - Dùng HTHT để ám hành động hay tình còn tiếp tục tương lai He has lived here for a long time He has worked as a doctor for a long time  Chủ động và bị động với HTHT Have / has + been + past participle English has been used around the world for a long time Has your homework been done ? The film hasn’t been shown yet 10 Relative Pronouns ( §¹i tõ quan hÖ ) Who, which, that… - §¹i tõ quan hÖ thùc hiÖn chøc n¨ng cïng mét lóc: + đóng vai trò chủ ngữ tân ngữ động từ + kết hợp hai mệnh đề - Who dùng thay cho danh từ người làm chủ ngữ câu - Whom dùng thay cho danh từ người làm tân ngữ câu - Which dïng thay thÕ cho danh tõ chØ vËt lµm chñ ng÷ or lµm t©n ng÷ - That thường dùng thay Whom, who và which - When và where có thể dùng sau danh từ thời gian và địa điểm , tương đương với at which or in which - Why dùng sau danh từ lý dùng tương đương với for which - Whose là đại từ quan hệ sở hưu có liên quan đến người, vật Hiện tiếp diễn diễn tả tương lai - Thời HTTD có thể sử dụng để diễn tả dự định kế hoạch đã ấn định tương lai Dấu hiệu nhận biết là các cụm từ thời gian câu dùa vµo ng÷ c¶nh My wife has an appointment with a doctor She is seeing Mr.North next Tuesday Sam has already made his plans He is leaving at noon tomorrow CÊu tróc “ Be going to” - Be going to dùng để nói kế hoạch đã dự kiến trước hoạt động , việc xảy tương lai gần Dark clouds are gathering in the sky It is going to rain TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Lop11.com Trang 7/21 Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 A: Why did you buy this paint ? B: I am going to paint my bedroom tomorrow Because of ( Bëi v× ) - Dùng because of để diễn tả nguyên nhân Because of dùng trước danh từ or danh động từ Ex: I turned the heating on because of the cold weather Ex: He came late because of being stuck in the heavy traffic  Note : - Ph©n biÖt c¸ch sö dông cña Because / Because of + Because + a clause ( mệnh đề) + Because of + noun or noun phrase ( danh tõ hoÆc côm danh tõ) Ex : Because of the rain I had to stay home Ex: Because it rained I had to stay home In Spite of ( mÆc dï) - In spite of đồng nghĩa với although, despite, even though và but Những từ nối này diễn tả tương phản - In spite of đứng trước danh từ danh động từ Ex: Kitty wanted to report on the war in spite of the danger Ex: Mark went on working in spite of feeling unwell  Note: Ph©n biÖt in spite of vµ although , even though + In spite of + Noun or noun phrase ( danh từ or danh động từ) + Although, even though + A clause ( mệnh đề) Ex: In spite of raining, I still went to school Ex: Although it rained, I still went to school : Because; because of; although/ though/ even though; in spite of/ despite 1) We took many pictures although the sky was cloudy >>In spite of 2) We understand him in spite of his strong accent >> Although 3) Although he is wealthy, he is not spoiled.>> Despite 4) Despite a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.>> Though 5) In spite of the high prices, my roommates go to the movies every Saturday >>Although 6) Even though she had a poor memory, she told interesting stories to the children >>Despite 7) In spite of their poverty, they are very generous >> Although 8) Though she has been absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test.>> Despite 9) In spite of Lee’s Sadness at losing the contest, she managed to smile.>> Although 10) My friend ate the chocolate cake even though she was on a diet >>Despite 11) In spite of a headache, he enjoyed the film.>> Although 12) My sister will take a plane even though she dislikes flying.>>In spite of 13) He isn’t happy although he is very rich >>Despite 14) Even though he got a good job, he was not satisfied.>> Despite 15) Although he often tells lies, many people believe him.>> Despite 16) Mary didn’t go to school yesterday because she was sick.>> Because of 17) She went to bed early because she felt tired >>Because of 18) Margaret stayed at home because her mother was sick.>> Because of 19) I couldn’t the test because it was difficult.>> Because of TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Lop11.com Trang 8/21 Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 20) I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark.>> Because of 21) I can’t study because it is noisy.>> Because of 22) The train come late because it was foggy.>> Because of 23) The train was late because the fog was thick.>> Because of 24) I can’t sleep because the weather is hot.>> Because of 25) All the teacher love him because his conduct is good.>> Because of 26) Because there was a traffic accident, I went to school late.>> Because of 27) Because there is a shortage of meet, we had to live on beans.>> Because of 28) Because there was a lack of water, many trees died rapidly.>> Because of 29) She walked slowly because her leg was injured.>> Because of 30) Because it was sunny, we decided to go camping.>> Because of 15.Reported speech: Statements ( c©u gi¸n tiÕp : C©u trÇn thuËt ) - NÕu c©u b¾t ®Çu ë hiÖn t¹i th× kh«ng cÇn lïi thêi c©u gi¸n tiÕp Ex: Susan : “ I work in an office.” -> Susan says that she works in an office - NÕu c©u b¾t ®Çu b»ng thêi qu¸ khø , cÇn lïi thêi c©u gi¸n tiÕp Ex: Susan: “ I work in an office.” -> Susan said that she worked in an office Direct Speech From -> Simple present Peter : “ I work in the garden” Simple past Peter: “ I worked in the garden” Present Perfect Peter: “ I have worked in the garden” Past perfect Peter : “ I had worked in the garden.” Will Peter: “ I will work in the garden” Can Peter : “ I can work in the garden” May Peter: “ I may work in the garden” Would/ could Peter: “ I would work in the garden.” Progressive forms Am/are/ is Peter: “I’m working in the garden.” Was/ were Peter: “ I was working in the garden.” Has been Peter: “ I have been working in the garden.” Had been Peter: “ I had been working in the garden.” TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Reported Speech To Simple past Peter said that he worked in the garden Past perfect Peter said that he had worked in the garden Past perfect Peter said that he had worked in the garden Past perfect Peter said that he had worked in the garden Would Peter said that he would work in the garden Could Peter said that he could work in the garden Might Peter said that he might work in the garden Would/ could Peter: “ I would work in the garden.” Was/ were Peter said that he was working in the garden Had been Peter said that he had been working in the garden Had been Peter said that he had been working in the garden Had been Peter said that he had been working in the garden Lop11.com Trang 9/21 Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 - Nếu câu chứa các ngữ thời gian , phảI thay đổi các ngữ này cho phù hợp Ex: Peter : “ I worked in the garden yesterday.” -> Peter said that he had worked in the garden the day before Chuyển đổi các ngữ thời gian This (evening) Today/ this day These(days) Now (a week) ago Last weekend Here Next (week) Tomorrow  -> That (evening) -> that day -> those( days) -> then -> ( a week) before -> the weekend before/ the previous weekend -> there -> the following (week) -> the next/ following day Note : Trong số trường hợp , lùi thời là không cần thiết mà thông tin câu trần thuật trực tiếp đúng Ex: Manh : “ My brother is at Hanoi National University.”  Manh said that his brother was at Hanoi National University Or -> Manh said that his brother is at Hanoi National University Ex: Mandy : “ The sun rises in the East.”  Mandy said that the sun rose in the East  Or Mandy said that the sun rises in the East Put the following statements into Indirect Speech: My girlfriend said to me, “My younger brother is studying medicine at Can Tho University.” ………………………………………………………………………… “I didn’t send any letter by e-mail,” said Tom ………………………………………………………………………… The teacher said, “ Some students don’t like homework.” ………………………………………………………………………… “I haven’t seen my uncle since last year,” said Harry ………………………………………………………………………… I said to the nurse, “You haven’t given me any medicine.” ………………………………………………………………………… The gardener said to the children, “You are allowed to pick the flowers.” ………………………………………………………………………… I told the taxi driver, “You are driving too quickly right now” ………………………………………………………………………… My friend said, “I lived in the country for two years before I moved here.” ………………………………………………………………………… “The country will develop greatly in the next twenty years,” my father predicted ………………………………………………………………………… 10 “Many people died after the earthquake last night,” the report said ………………………………………………………………………… Conditional sentence type 1( c©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 1) Mệnh đề điều kiện (if) If + S + V ( đơn) Mệnh đề chính , S + will + V TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com 10/21 Trang Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 If it rains, we will stay at home He will arrive late unless he hurries up Peter will buy a new car if he gets his raise - Câu điều kiện loại dùng để các tình có thật có thể xảy hiÖn t¹i Nã cßn ®­îc gäi lµ c©u ®iÒu kiÖn cã thËt ( the real conditional)  note : Trong c©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i “unless” cã thÓ ®­îc dïng thay thÕ cho “ if ………not” Ex: If you don’t work harder , you’ll fail the exam  Unless you work harder , you’ll fail the exam Put the verb in brackets into the correct tenses If I see him I (give) him a lift The table will collapse if you (stand) on it If he (eat) all he will be ill If I find your passport I (telephone) you at once The police (arrest) him if they catch him If he (read) in bad light he will ruin his eyes Someone (steal) your car if you leave it unlocked What will happen if my parachute (not open)? If he (wash) my car I’ll give him 10$ 10 If she (need) a radio she can borrow mine 11 If you (not go) away I’ll send for the police 12 I’ll be very angry if he (make) any more mistakes 13 She will be absolutely furious if she (hear0 about this 14 If you put on the kettle I (make) the tea 15 If he (be) late we’ll go out without him Conditional sentence type ( c©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 2) Mệnh đề điều kiện ( if) Mệnh đề chính If + S + V_ed ( simple past ) động từ chia quá khứ đơn, , S + would + V If I had a million dollars, I would buy a big house - Câu điều kiện loại dùng để diễn đạt các tình không có thật tương lai If cats had wings , they would be able to fly  note : - Nếu mệnh đề if đứng trước thì hai mệnh đề bắt buộc phải có dấu phẩy ‘ ,’ mệnh đề chính đứng trước thì hai mệnh đề không có dấu phẩy ‘,’ If I had money, I would buy a motorbike I would buy a motorbike if I had money - Trong văn viết câu điều kiện loại 2, động từ to be có dạng chia quá khứ là ‘ were’ If I were you, I’d try harder to win the game Exercise 2: Put the verbs in the correct form If you drove more carefully, you (not, have) so may accidents He would get to work on time if he (get) up early If we (have) more time, I could tell you more about it If you (sell) more products, you’d earn more money I could help you if you (trust) me more His car would be a lot safer if he (buy) some tyres TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com 11/21 Trang Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 The children would be better swimmer if they (go) swimming more frequently We wouldn’t mind having children if we (live) in the country If I (be) you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university 10 If they gave me a job I (take) it 11 The weather isn’t nice I (take) a walk if the weather (be) nice 12 My wife and I want to buy a house, but houses are too expensive We (buy) a new house if we (have) enough money 13 Life (be) boring if everyone (have) the same opinions about everything 14 If I (be) you, I (tell) Brian the truth 15 Airline tickets are very expensive If they (be) cheap, I (fly) to Singapore 16 I am very tired tonight If I (not, be) tired, I (go) to the movie with you 17 I don’t have enough time If I (have) enough time, I (go) to the park 18 It isn’t Saturday If it (be) Saturday, I (go) to the beach 19 I have to go to class today If I (not, have to) go to class today, I (go) shopping or (visit) my friend 20 I don’t understand that sentence If I (understand) that sentence, I (explain) it to you Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that they don’t change the meaning He doesn’t have the money and he cannot afford a new car >> If I cannot go to the beach with you this weekend because I have a date with my old classmate I never get very lonely because I have lots of good friends.>> If The match can be cancelled because it rains heavily.>>If Because Simon doesn’t live near his mother, he can’t visit her often >> If I don’t have free time, so I can’t go to see him.>> If I am poor; I can’t travel around the world >> If I am not a millionaire, I can’t help all people >> if I am not old enough; I can’t decide my own life >> If I am very tired so I can’t finish my work >> If 21 Should ( nªn) Should + V You should study harder to pass the exams Should I ask him to go with me to the party ? He shouldn’t reveal our secret - Should dùng để đưa lời khuyên 22 Conditional setence type ( C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 3) If + S + past perfect ( QKHT) , S + would/ could / might + P II Ex: If I had worked harder, I would have passed the exam - Câu điều kiện loại dùng để diễn tả điều không có thực quá khứ, điều tưởng tượng quá khứ Ex: If we had taken a taxi , we would have got there in time : Supply the correct form of the verbs If I (know) _ that you were ill last week, I (go) _ to see you Tom (not, enter) _ for the examination if he (know) _ that it would be so difficult Paul got to the station in time If he (miss) _ the train, he (be) _ late for his interview TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com 12/21 Trang Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 It’s good that Mary reminded me about Daisy’s Birthday I (forget) _ if she (not, remind) _ me The weather was bad We (go) _ camping if the weather (not, be) _ so bad I (send) _ you a postcard while I was on holiday if I (have) _ your address You (have) a good time if you (be) _ at the party last night If I (not, drink) strong tea with lemon last night, I (have) _ a sound sleep If it (not, rain) _ yesterday, we (come) _ to visit them If she (eat) something last night, she (not, feel) _ hungry I didn’t feel good yesterday If I (feel) _ better, I (come) _ to class yesterday I didn’t know it was your birthday I (get) _ you a present if (I know) _ it was your birthday It was cold yesterday If it (be, not) _ cold yesterday, I (go) _ swimming Jack didn’t study for the test If he (study) for the test, he (pass) _ it I’m sorry that you didn’t come to my party If you (come) _ , you (meet) _ many old friends I didn’t have enough money last night If I (have) _ enough money last night, I (go) _ to a show I didn’t have time so I didn’t go shopping If I (have) _ time, I (go) _ shopping with you If human had been more friendly with nature, they (endure) _ natural disasters If people (use) _ more environment-friendly products, they would not have worried about global warming If more garbage (dump) _ into the sea, people would have suffered from sea pollution Exercise 3: sentence transformation She didn’t eat anything because she wasn’t hungry >>If The accident happened because the drive in front stopped so suddenly >>If I didn’t wake you up because I didn’t know you wanted to get up early >> If She didn’t buy the watch because she didn’t bring enough money with him >> If I had a cold because I walked in the rain >> If They didn’t sell the house because their children wanted to keep it >> If Mrs White fell down because she was too weak >> If He failed the exam because she didn’t it well >> If She couldn’t come because she had to work overtime >> If I couldn’t answer the phone because I was having a bath >> If Exercise 4: if not = unless If you don’t see that film, you’ll be sorry >> unless If you don’t take morning exercises, you will be weak You will get lost if you don’t take a map with you They will kill him if he doesn’t tell them the truth If we don’t protect the forests, the environments will bee soon destroyed I will wait her if she calls me I will choose that blue jacket if isn’t too expensive If it doesn’t rain, we will go for a walk I will buy a bike if I don’t go on holiday I will visit them if I have enough time 23 The passive voice ( Thể bị động) *Form : TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com 13/21 Trang Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 Passive Subject + To be + Past participle (p2)  Use : + Thể bị động sử dụng ta không muốn phải chịu trách nhiệm cho thứ gì đó Ex: The matter will be dealt with soon ( we don’t know or wanr to say who’ll deal with it.) + Thể bị động dùng ta muốn nhấn mạnh tới người vật chịu tác động hành động.không đề cập or quan tâm đến người thực hành động Ex: The form has to be designed + Tuy nhiên , người ta không sử dụng thể bị động muốn nhấn mạnh vào tác nhân thực hành động Ex: You should finish this letter ( Not ‘ This letter should be finished’ ) = It is you who should finish this letter Tense Subject Present simple (HT§) Present perfect(HTHT) Past simple(QK§) Past perfect(QKHT) 5.Future(TL§) Future Perfect ( TLHT) Present progressive( HTTD) Past progressive.(QKTD) The car/cars Auxiliary Plural Singular is Past Participle are designed The car/cars has been have been designed The car/cars was were designed The car/cars had been had been designed The car/cars The car/cars will be will have been will be will have been designed designed The car/cars is being are being designed The car/cars was being were being designed *Note : Ngoài còn có dạng bị động đặc biệt với cấu trúc: Have/ get + object + past participle I get my nails done by Marie I am going to have my window washed You should get the car checked I haven’t had it done since June Rewrite the sentences using passive voice Ann invited Tom to the party yesterday  _ She made a lot of mistakes in the examination  _ People play football all over the world  _ Our country exports rice to many countries in the world  _ Someone has locked the door  _ Students often use a ruler to draw a straight line TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com 14/21 Trang Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10  _ Are you going to repair those shoes?  _ How many languages people speak in Canada?  _ Some people will interview the new president on TV  _ We write letters to our friends twice a month  _ When did people build that museum?  _ Teachers gave students a lot of homework last term  _ The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week  _ People ban smoking in this restaurant  _ Do they teach French in this school?  _ You should leave your shoes before entering the room  _ Did the teacher give the handouts?  _ They were cleaning the floor  _ People held the 1998 World Cup in France  _ My father waters these flowers every morning Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen  _ We should brush our teeth twice a day  _ Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city  _ Tom will visit his parents next month  _ Our teacher has explained the English grammar  _ The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning  _ Did Mary buy this beautiful dress?  _ Have you finished the above sentences?  _ Why didn’t they help him?  _ The boys broke the window yesterday  _ They will hold a meeting before May Day  _ How can they open the safe?  _ Is she making big cakes for the party?  _ Will you invite her to your party?  _ Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife  _ 21 Attitudinal Adjectives ( Các tính từ thái độ ) - Cã nhiÒu cÆp adjectives tËn cïng b»ng –ing hay –ed VD : Boring vµ bored This is boring I am bored with the film - Sö dông c¸c tÝnh tõ tËn cïng b»ng –ing muèn nãi tíi tÝnh chÊt cña mét sù vËt , sù viÖc - Sử dụng các tính từ tận cùng –ed muốn nói tới cảm xúc , trạng thái tâm lý người Tom is interested in politics TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Lop11.com Trang 15/21 Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 Tom finds politics interesting 24 It was not until ………that………( kh«ng cho m·i) Until (cho đến tận ) có thể dùng giới từ liên từ mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian The cinema did not become an industry until 1915 The girl didn’t clean the house until her mother got angry Rewrite sentences using “it was not until …” She didn’t recover her confidence until that morning I was not until ………………………………………………… He didn’t arrive at the office until half past nine It was not until …………………………………………………… Mary didn’t work for the UN until 2004 It was not until……………………………………………………… I didn’t know how to ride a bicycle until I was 15 It was not until ……………………………………………………… John didn’t finish reading my book until last Saturday It was not until …………………………………………………… I didn’t like chocolate until I went to university It was not until………………………………………………… No one could leave the stadium until 2.30 It was not until……………………………………………………… She wasn’t allowed to open her presents until her birthday It was not until……………………………………………………… We didn’t have any holidays until last summer It was not until……………………………………………………… 10 She didn’t stop learning German until the age of 24 It was not until……………………………………………………… 11 I couldn’t finish my project until Mark helped me It was not until……………………………………………………… 12 they didn’t pay the bill until the electricity was cut off It was not until……………………………………………………… 13 I didn’t sleep until midnight It was not until……………………………………………………… 14 I couldn’t comment further until I had all the information It was not until……………………………………………………… 15 He didn’t return to his native village until the war ended It was not until……………………………………………………… 16 He was unable to take up the post until early the following year It was not until……………………………………………………… 25 C¸ch sö dông cña Will vµ to be going to - Will sử dụng để hành động việc xảy tương lai S + will + V We will visit Paris someday I won’t be here in June TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 16/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 Will you be at home this evening? - Có thể sử dụng cấu trúc : I think I will …để nói dự định , ý kiến nào đó I think she will pass the exam - Sử dụng will muốn đề nghị làm cái gì đó ‘My case is so heavy.’ ‘I will carry it for you.’ - ‘ To be going to’ sử dụng để tương lai gần I am going to buy some books tomorrow - Sự khác biệt ‘will’ và ‘to be going to’ là ‘to be going to’ dùng để nói tới cái gì đó chắn xảy ra, ‘will’ dùng với các dự định không chắc We will probably go out this evening We are going to go out will or be going to Look at the clouds It … soon.(to rain) Peter …15 next Wednesday.(to be) We… to London this summer.(to fly) Tomorrow it …in the North.(to rain) Just a moment, I… you.(to help) In 2010 there … more cars (to be) I think I ……………sick I feel very tired (to be) I… a party I have already invited my friends (to have) What wear for tonight’s party? What wear for tonight’s party? A will you B are you going C are you D are you going to 10 “Did Tom the examination?” – “He it but in the end he changed his mind” A will B is going to C was going to D decided 11 I cross the road when somebody shouted “Stop!” A am going to B was going to C would D will 12 I promise I help you with your homework A will B would C should D may 13 We have run out of water – Really? Give me the bucket and I fetch some A will B go C am going to D can 39 We need some bread for lunch – Oh, we? I go to the shop and get some A am B am going to C should D will 14 “ I will come to give you the package at eight.” “ That will be too late because we by that hour ” A have gone B will have gone C will go D went 15 The coach announce the list of footballers at the meeting tomorrow morning He’s got the final list A is going B shouldn’t C is going to D won’t 26 Comparatives and superlatives ( D¹ng so s¸nh h¬n vµ d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n nhÊt.) So sánh là hình thức so sánh hai người hai vật/sự vật Trong câu thường sử dụng THAN hoÆc cã thÓ dïng tõ nèi ( vd : but) So s¸nh h¬n ( Comparatives) Nam is taller than Ha Ha is tall, but Nam is taller Nam learns harder than I TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 17/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 So sánh là cách so sánh người vật với nhóm người/vật Thông thường c¸c c©u so s¸nh h¬n nhÊt co THE , bëi chØ co mét thø lµ nhÊt Tom is the tallest in the class Jukio is tall, and David is taller, but Tom is the tallest Tom came the earliest in the class So s¸nh h¬n nhÊt ( Superlatives)  D¹ng so s¸nh h¬n vµ d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n nhÊt cña tÝnh tõ ( Comparatives and Superlatives of Adjectives) - Để hình thành dạng so sánh tính từ phụ thuộc vào số lượng âm tiết tính từ đó Âm tiết là ©m ®­îc ph¸t ©m thµnh tiÕng VD: “sing” chøa mét ©m tiÕt , nh­ng ‘singing’ chøa ©m tiÕt –sing vµ ing - C¸c qui t¾c vÒ c¸c d¹ng so s¸nh víi tÝnh tõ TÝnh tõ – Adjective form So s¸nh h¬n - Comparative TÝnh tõ mét ©m tiÕt kÕt thóc lµ -e Thªm – r : VD : fine, cute, wide… -> wider, finer, cuter Tính từ có âm tiết kết Nhân đôi phụ âm cuối và thêm thóc b»ng mét nguyªn ©m vµ mét –er ; phô ©m VD : hot , big, fat -> hotter, bigger, fatter TÝnh tõ cã ©m tiÕt kÕt thóc b»ng mét nguyªn ©m , vµ nhiÒu h¬n mét phô ©m VD : light, neat, fast TÝnh tõ cã hai ©m tiÕt kÕt thóc = y VD: happy, silly, lonely TÝnh tõ cã hai ©m tiÕt hoÆc h¬n , kh«ng kÕt thóc b»ng y VD: moder n , interesting, beautiful… So s¸nh nhÊt( Superlative) Thªm – st : -> widest, finest, cutest Nhân đôi phụ âm cuối và thêm – est: -> hottest, biggest, fattesr Thªm – er : Thªm – est: -> lighter, neater, faster -> lightest, neatest fastest Chuyển y -> i sau đó thêm –er: -> happier, sillier, lonelier Chuyển y -> i sau đó thêm –est: -> happiest, silliest, loneliest Thêm more trước tính từ Thêm most trước tính từ -> more moder n, more interesting, more beautiful -> most moder n, most interesting, most beautiful  D¹ng so s¸nh h¬n vµ d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n nhÊt cña tr¹ng tõ ( Comparatives and superlatives of Adverbs) - C¸c qui t¾c cña d¹ng so s¸nh víi tr¹ng tõ; Tr¹ng Tõ – Adverb form So s¸nh h¬n- Comparative So s¸nh nhÊt- Superlative Tr¹ng tõ kÕt thóc lµ - ly Thêm trước trạng từ – more : Thêm trước trạng từ – most: VD: quickly, comfortably, -> more quickly, more -> most quickly, most easily… comfortably, more easily comfortably, most easily Tr¹ng tõ bÊt qui t¾c Thªm – er: Thªm – est : -> harder, faster, earlier, later -> hardest, fastest, earliest Latest TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 18/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10  Note ! - Một số tính từ hay trạng từ có các dạng so sánh đặc biệt: Bad/badly -> worse -> the worst Far -> father/ further -> the farthest/ furthest Good/ well -> better -> the best Little -> less -> the least Much/ many -> more -> the most He is the worst boy in the class Exercise2 :Use the comparative or superlative form of the words in brackets 21 I speak English… (fluent) now than last year 36 Mary is (pretty) as her sister 22 He is (intelligent) student I have ever met 37 A new house is (expensive) than an old one 23 She smiled (happy) than before 38 His job is (important) than mine 24 This girl dances (graceful) of all 39 Of the four ties, I like the red one (well) 25 Could you write (clear)? 40 Nobody is (happy) than Miss Snow 26 Planes can fly (high) than some kinds of birds 41 John is much (strong) then I thought 27 He had an accident last year Now, he drives 42 Benches are (comfortable) than arm-chairs (careful) than before 43 Bill is (go) than you thought 28 Jim can run…(fast) than John 45 Mr Bush is (delightful) person I have ever known 29 Our team played (bad) of all 30 He worked (hard) than ever before 46 Dick is (careful) of the three workers 31.I have never had a (delicious) meal than that 47 Sam’s conduct is (bad) than Paul’s 32 This jacket is too small I need a (large) size 48 The teacher speaks English (fluently) than we 33 It’s (cheap) to go by car than to go by train 34 I don’t know (many) people in our 49 These boys are (ill-prepared) for employment neighborhood as you than my children 35 It’s (difficult) decision I’ve ever made in years 50 Charles is (hard-working) than Tom Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning 51 No houses in Hoi An are as old as the Tan Ky House.>>The…… 52 The blue whale is the biggest of all animals.>>No… 53 Khanh Ha is the best singer in her time.>>Khanh Ha …than any… 54 Hellen doesn’t know so many novels of Oscal Wilde as I do.>> Hellen knows…than… 55 The sword is not so mighty as the pen.>>The pen 56 The river in her town is less shallow than this one.>>This… 57 The orange building is not as high as the blue one.>>The blue… 58 These assignments are not so good as Timothy’ >>Timothy’s… 59 Jim has more opportunities to play tennis than me.>>I don’t 60 John drives more carefully than Peter.>> Peter 61 I am not as tall as you >> You are 62 She is the most intelligent student in my class >> No one 63 Peter studies English better than I >> I 64 He is better player than we are >> We don’t 65 I didn’t spend as much money as you >> I 66 Nothing is faster than the speed of light.>> The speed of light 67 Jane cooks better than her sister >> Jane’s sister 68 Pill is the most handsome person in our class >> No one 69 He is lazier than she >>She isn’t TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 19/21 Lop11.com Đề cương ôn tập năm Tiếng Anh 10 70 He doesn’t drive as carefully as my father >> My father 27 Relative clauses ( Mệnh đề quan hệ ) : Xác định ( defining ) và không xác định ( non- defining) - MĐQHXĐ sử dụng để xác định nhân tố nào nhóm danh từ nhắc tới Ex: I have three cats The cat which is black and white is very intelligent - MĐQHKXĐ sử dụng để đưa thêm thông tin danh từ mà nó nói tới Thông tin thêm đó không định việc xác định danh từ đó Ex: I have one cat The cat, which is black and white , is very intelligent *Note : - Đối với MĐQHKXĐ , không sử dụng ‘that’, sử dụng ‘who’ người và ‘ which’ đối víi vËt +/ Khi viÕt M§QHKX§ n»m gi÷a dÊu phÈy ‘,’ The switch, which is on the black, is off - Đại từ quan hệ có thể bị lược bỏ MĐQHXĐ không thể bị lược bỏ M§QHKX§ That’s the girl that I love -> That’s the girl I love The teacher notices the students They often come to class late  _ Frank Zappa was one of the most creative artists in rock and roll He came from California  _ The man had much experience in climbing mountains We considered him our teacher  _ The artist was one of the best I have ever seen I could not remember his name  _ The qualities are trust and loyalty They are very important in a friend  _ Frank invited Janet to the party He had met her in Japan  _ The girl stepped to the platform to receive the award Her design had been chosen  _ I need to find a painting It will match the rest of my room  _ There are many poor people in the world They not have enough food to eat  _ The trees grow near the gate of the garden They have the beautiful flowers  _ If you have a problem, contact the senior receptionist He will deal with it as a top priority  _ The chickens are very fat They are raised on our farm  _ The teacher is my father’s friend He lives in that old house  _ The girl left him after a few months He fell in love with her  _ The boy is very interested in mathematics I spoke to him on the phone last night TrÇn ¸i – tranaidh@Gmail.com Trang 20/21 Lop11.com