TỔNG HỢP CÁC CẤU TRÚC VIẾT LẠI CÂU CƠ BẢN VÀ NÂNG CAO TRONG TIẾNG ANH

Tổng hợp tất tần tật các cấu trúc viết lại câu tương đương trong tiếng anh ở mức độ cơ bản và nâng cao, Tài liệu hướng dẫn các bạn về các trường hợp viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh và hơn 100 cấu trúc viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh thông dụng, cơ bản và nâng cao với các dạng đảo từ chủ động chuyển sang bị động, đảo từ trực tiếp chuyển sang gián tiếp, một số đặc tính của đảo ngữ.

TỔNG HỢP CÁC CẤU TRÚC VIẾT LẠI CÂU CƠ BẢN VÀ NÂNG CAO TRONG TIẾNG ANH I Các trường hợp viết lại câu tiếng Anh  Dùng cấu trúc Tiếng Anh  Dùng dạng khác từ  Chuyển từ chủ động sang bị động  Chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp  Các trường hợp đảo ngữ… II Chú ý quan trọng viết lại câu tiếng Anh  Chú ý thì: câu viết lại phải với câu cho  Chú ý ngữ pháp: câu viết lại phải ngữ pháp  Chú ý nghĩa câu sau viết phải không đổi so với câu ban đầu III Phương pháp học dạng Phương pháp: sưu tập làm nhiều mẫu câu tốt, sau đọc đọc lại nhiều lần cho thuộc lòng cấu trúc Để hoàn thành câu hỏi thời gian ngắn, học sinh nên theo bước sau: Bước 1: Đọc kỹ câu cho trước cố gắng hiểu trọn vẹn ý câu Chú ý đến từ khóa, S&V, cấu trúc sử dụng câu gốc Bước 2: Chú ý từ cho trước Đưa ý tưởng viết lại câu sử dụng cách khác, cấu trúc khác mà giữ ý nguyên vẹn câu cho trước Bước 3: Viết câu Chú ý đến: Chủ ngữ động từ mới, câu mới, ý thay đổi cụm từ tương ứng (như although- despite, adj-adv, if- unless ) Bước 4: Đọc kiểm tra lỗi, có thêm chỉnh sửa cần Một số dạng cấu trúc viết lại câu phổ biến cần nắm sau: 1.It takes sb khoảng thời gian to sth= sb spend khoảng thời gian doing sth VD: it took her hours to get to the city centre.= she spent hours getting to the city centre Understand = tobe aware of VD: you understand the grammar structure?= are you aware of the grammar structure? Like = tobe interested in = enjoy = keen on VD: she likes politics = she is interested in politics 4.Because + clause = because of + N VD: he can’t move because his leg was broken= he can’t move because of his broken leg Một số dạng Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N VD: although she is old, she can compute very fast= Despite / In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast 6.Succeed in doing sth = manage to sth VD: we succeeded in digging the Panama cannel= we managed to dig the Panama cannel Các mẫu câu thường gặp Cấu trúc : … too + adj (for sb) to sth : để làm VD: my father is too old to driveso + adj + that Clause = it is such a/ an N that: mà VD: she is so beautiful that everybody loves her.= it is such a beautiful girl that everybody loves her.Adj/ Adv + enough (for sb) to sth: đủ để làm VD: This car is enough safe for him to drive VD: The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robberMột số dạng 8.Cấu trúc : prefer sb to sth = would rather sb Vpast sth: thích, muốn làm VD: I’prefer you (not) to smoke here I’d rather you (not) smoked here 9.Prefer doing sth to doing sth : thích làm làm Would rather sth than sth VD: She prefers staying at home to going out She’d rather stay at home than go out 10 Can = tobe able to = tobe possible 11 Harly + had +S + Vpp when S + Vpast: sau thi… No sooner + had +S + Vpp than S + Vpast VD: As soon as I left the house, he appeared Harly had I left the house when he appeared No sooner had I left the house than he appeared 12.Not……… any more : khơng cịn No longer + dạng đảo ngữ S no more V VD: I don’t live in the courtryside anymore No longer I live in the coutrysideI no more live in the coutryside 13 At no time + dạng đảo ngữ : không nào, chẳng VD: I don’t think she loves me At no time I think she loves me 14 Tobe not worth = there is no point in doing sth : khơng đáng làm Các dạng thường gặp 15 Tobe not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth : khơng đáng, vơ ích làm VD:It’s not worth making him get up early There is no point in making him getting early 16 It seems that = it appears that = it is likely that =it look as if/ as though: dường VD: It seems that he will come late= it appears that / it is likely he will come late = he is likely to come late it look as if he will come late Các dạng câu thường gặp 17 Although + clause = Despite + Nound/gerund 18 S + V + N = S + be + adj 19 S + be + adj = S + V + O 20 S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N 21 S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N -> Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties.Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties 22 This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N -> This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie 23 S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn) 24 S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth = S + would rather + V + than + V = S + prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing sth -> I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball.I would rather go shoping than play volleyball 26 S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V 27 It’s one’s duty to sth = S + be + supposed to sth 28 S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to sth 29 Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh)= S + should (not) + be + PII 30 Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh)= S + should (not) + sth 31 S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth -> I like collecting stamps.I'm fond of collecting stamps 32 I + let + O + sth = S + allow + S.O + to Sth -> My boss let him be on leave for wedding.My boss allow him to be on leave for wedding 33 S + once + past verb = S + would to + sth 34 S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + sth 35 S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive -> She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination.She studies hard to pass the final examination 36 S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive 38 To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V 39 S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both and 40 S + V + not only + but also = S + V + both and 41 S + V + both and = S + V + not only but also -> He translated fast and correctly.He translated not only fast but also correctly 44 S1+simple present+and+S2+simple futher =If+S1 + simple present + S2 + simple futher 45 S1+didn’t + V1 + Because + S2 + didn’t + V2 = If Clause 46 Various facts given = Mệnh đề if thể điều trái ngược thực tế 47 S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2(phủ định)= S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khẳng định) 48 S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj clause 49 S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj clause 50 S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj clause 51 S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj clause 52 S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj clause 56 S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khang dinh) 57 S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth 58 Let’s + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive 59 In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive (quan điểm tôi) 60 S + advise = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive 61 Why don’t you sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive 62 S + get + sb + to sth = S + have + sb + sth -> She gets him to spend more time with her.She have him spend more time with her 63 S + aks + sb + to sth = S + have + sb + sth -> Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room.Police have him identify the other man in the next room 64 S + request + sb + to sth= S + have + sb + sth -> The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem.The teacher have students laern by heart this poem 65 S + want + sb + to sth = S + have + sb + sth -> I want her to lend meI have her lend me 66 S + V + no + N = S + be + N-less -> She always speaks no care She is always careless about her words 67 S + be + adj + that + S + V = S + be + adj + to + V -> Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future.Study is necessary to get a good life in the future 68 S + be + adj + prep = S + V + adv Eg: My students are very good at Mathematics.-> My students study Mathematics well 69 S + remember + to Sth = S + don’t forget + to Sth -> I remember to have a Maths test tomorrowI don't forget to have a Maths test tomorrow 70 It + be + adj = What + a + adj + N! -> It was an interesting film.What an interesting film 71 S + V + adv = How + adj + S + be -> She washes clothes quicklyHow quick she is to wash clothes 72 S + be + ing-adj = S + be +ed-adj 73 S + V = S + be + ed-adj 71 S + V + Khoảng thời gian = It + take + (sb) + Khoảng thời gian + to + V She have learned English for years.-> It take her year to learn English 75 S + be + too + adj + (for s.o) + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V -> The water is too hot for Peter to drink.The water is so hot that Peter can't drink 76 S + V + too + adv + to + V = S + V + so + adv + that + S + can’t + V 77 S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V 78 S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V 79 S + V + so + adv + that + S + V = It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S +V -> He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.He does not speak soft 80 Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund Tiếp tục bổ sung số cấu trúc câu viết lại 1: Because she is absent her from school -> Because of her absence from school 16 Although + clause = In spite of + Nound/gerund to prefer doing sth to doing sth = would rather sth than sth = S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth: thích làm làm to look at (v)= to have a look at (n): nhìn vào to think about = to give thought to : nghĩ it’s one’s duty to sth = S + be + supposed to sth: có nghĩa vụ làm to be determined to= to have a determination to : dự định to know (about) = to have knowledge of: biết to be not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth : khơng đáng, vơ ích làm to tend to = to have a tendency to : có khuynh hướng to intend to +inf = to have intention of + V_ing : dự định 10 to desire to = have a desire to : khao khát, mong muốn 11 to succeed in doing sth = manage to sth: làm việc thành cơng 12 to wish = to have a wish / to express a wish : ao ước 13 to visit Sb = to pay a visit to Sb / to pay Sb a visit : thăm viếng 14 to discuss Sth = to have a discussion about : thảo luận 15 can = tobe able to = to be possible: làm 16 to decide to = to make a decision to : định 17 to talk to = to have a talk with : nói chuyện 18 understand = to be aware of: hiểu, nhận thức 19 to explain Sth = to give an explanation for : giải thích 20 to call Sb = to give Sb a call : gọi điện cho… 21 to be interested in = to have interest in : thích 22 because + clause = because of + N: 23 to drink = to have a drink : uống 24 it seems that = it appears that = it is likely that = it look as if/ as though: dường như, 25 to photograph = to have a photograph of : chụp hình 26 to cry = to give a cry : khóc kêu 27 to laugh at = to give a laugh at : cười nhạo 28 like = to be interested in = enjoy = keen on = fond of sth: u thích 29 to welcome Sb = to give Sb a welcome : chào đón 30 to kiss Sb = to give Sb a kiss : hôn 31 S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N = S + be accustomed to + Ving: thường/quen với làm 32 to ring Sb = to give Sb a ring : gọi điện 33 to warn = to give warning : báo động, cảnh báo 34 although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N: mặc dù, bất chấp 35 to try to (+inf) = to make an effort to/ to make an attempt to : cố gắng 36 to meet Sb = to have a meeting with Sb : gặp Tiếp tục bổ sung số cấu trúc câu viết lại 2: It takes sb khoảng thời gian to sth= sb spend khoảng thời gian doing sth VD: It took her hours to get to the city centre = She spent hours getting to the city centre Understand = tobe aware of VD: Do you understand the grammar structure? = Are you aware of the grammar structure? Like = tobe interested in = enjoy = keen on VD: She likes politics = She is interested in politics Because + clause = because of + N VD: He can’t move because his leg was broken = He can’t move because of his broken leg Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N VD: Although she is old, she can compute very fast = Despite/ In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast Succeed in doing sth = manage to sth VD: We succeeded in digging the Panama cannel = We managed to dig the Panama cannel Cấu trúc: … too + adj (for sb) to sth: để làm VD: My father is too old to drive = It is such a/ an N that: mà VD: She is so beautiful that everybody loves her = It is such a beautiful girl that everybody loves her Adj/ Adv + enough (for sb) to sth : đủ để làm VD: This car is safe enough for him to drive VD: The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robber Cấu trúc: prefer sb to sth = would rather sb Vpast sth: thích, muốn làm VD: I’prefer you (not) to smoke here = I’d rather you (not) smoked here Prefer doing sth to doing sth: thích làm làm Would rather sth than sth VD: She prefers staying at home to going out = She’d rather stay at home than go out 10 Can = tobe able to = tobe possible 11 Harly + had +S + Vpp when S + Vpast: sau thì… No sooner + had +S + Vpp than S + Vpast VD: As soon as I left the house, he appeared = Harly had I left the house when he appeared = No sooner had I left the house than he appeared 12 Not……… any more: khơng cịn No longer + dạng đảo ngữ S no more V VD: I don’t live in the courtryside anymore = No longer I live in the coutryside = I no more live in the coutryside 13 At no time + dạng đảo ngữ: không nào, chẳng VD: I don’t think she loves me = At no time I think she loves me 14 Tobe not worth = there is no point in doing sth: khơng đáng làm 15 Tobe not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: khơng đáng, vơ ích làm VD: It’s not worth making him get up early = There is no point in making him getting early 16 It seems that = it appears that = it is likely that =it look as if/ as though: dường VD: It seems that he will come late = It appears that/ it is likely he will come late = He is likely to come late = It look as if he will come late 17 Although + clause = Despite + Nound/ gerund 18 S + V + N = S + be + adj 19 S + be + adj = S + V + O 20 S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving/ N 21 S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving/ N VD: Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties = Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties 22 This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/ N VD: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie = I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie 23 S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn) 24 S + like sth/ doing sth better than sth/ doing sth = S + would rather + V + than + V = S + prefer sth/ doing sth to sth/ doing sth VD: I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball = I would rather go shoping than play volleyball 26 S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V 27 It’s one’s duty to sth = S + be + supposed to sth 28 S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to sth 29 Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + be + PII 30 Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + sth 31 S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth VD: I like collecting stamps = I'm fond of collecting stamps 32 I + let + O + sth = S + allow + S O + to Sth VD: My boss let him be on leave for wedding = My boss allow him to be on leave for wedding 33 S + once + past verb = S + would to + sth 34 S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + sth 35 S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive VD: She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination = She studies hard to pass the final examination 36 S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive 38 To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V 39 S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both and 40 S + V + not only + but also = S + V + both and 41 S + V + both and = S + V + not only but also VD: He translated fast and correctly = He translated not only fast but also correctly 44 S1+simple present+and+S2+simple futher =If+S1 + simple present + S2 + simple futher 45 S1+didn’t + V1 + Because + S2 + didn’t + V2 = If Clause 46 Various facts given = Mệnh đề if thể điều trái ngược thực tế 47 S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2(phủ định)= S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khẳng định) 48 S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj clause 49 S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj clause 50 S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj clause 51 S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj clause 52 S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj clause 56 S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khẳng dinh) 57 S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth 58 Let’s + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive 59 In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive (quan điểm tôi) 60 S + advise = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive 61 Why don’t you sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive 62 S + get + sb + to sth = S + have + sb + sth VD: She gets him to spend more time with her = She have him spend more time with her 63 S + aks + sb + to sth = S + have + sb + sth VD: Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room = Police have him identify the other man in the next room 64 S + request + sb + to sth= S + have + sb + sth VD: The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem = The teacher have students learn by heart this poem 65 S + want + sb + to sth = S + have + sb + sth VD: I want her to lend me = I have her lend me 66 S + V + no + N = S + be + N-less VD: She always speaks no care = She is always careless about her words 67 S + be + adj + that + S + V = S + be + adj + to + V VD: Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future = Study is necessary to get a good life in the future 68 S + be + adj + prep = S + V + adv VD: My students are very good at Mathematics = My students study Mathematics well 69 S + remember + to Sth = S + don’t forget + to Sth VD: I remember to have a Maths test tomorrow = I don't forget to have a Maths test tomorrow 70 It + be + adj = What + a + adj + N! VD: It was an interesting film = What an interesting film! 71 S + V + adv = How + adj + S + be VD: She washes clothes quickly = How quick she is to wash clothes 72 S + be + ing-adj = S + be +ed-adj 73 S + V = S + be + ed-adj 74 S + V + Khoảng thời gian = It + take + (sb) + Khoảng thời gian + to + V VD: She have learned English for years = It takes her year to learn English 75 S + be + too + adj + (for s o) + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V VD: The water is too hot for Peter to drink = The water is so hot that Peter can't drink 76 S + V + too + adv + to + V = S + V + so + adv + that + S + can’t + V 77 S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V 78 S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V 79 S + V + so + adv + that + S + V = It + V + such + (a/ an) + N(s) + that + S +V VD: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything = He does not speak softly 80 Because + clause = Because of + noun/ gerund VD: Because she is absent from school = Because of her absence from school 81 to look at (v)= to have a look at (n): nhìn vào 82 to think about = to give thought to: nghĩ 83 to be determined to = to have a determination to: dự định 84 to know (about) = to have knowledge of: biết 85 to be not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: khơng đáng, vơ ích làm 86 to tend to = to have a tendency to: có khuynh hướng 87 to intend to +inf = to have intention of + V_ing: dự định 88 to desire to = have a desire to: khao khát, mong muốn 89 to wish = to have a wish / to express a wish: ao ước 90 to visit Sb = to pay a visit to Sb / to pay Sb a visit: thăm viếng 91 to discuss Sth = to have a discussion about: thảo luận 92 to decide to = to make a decision to: định 93 to talk to = to have a talk with: nói chuyện 94 to explain Sth = to give an explanation for: giải thích 95 to call Sb = to give Sb a call : gọi điện cho… 96 to be interested in = to have interest in : thích 97 to drink = to have a drink : uống 98 to photograph = to have a photograph of : chụp hình 99 to cry = to give a cry : khóc kêu 100 to laugh at = to give a laugh at : cười nhạo V Bài tập Viết lại câu tiếng Anh có đáp án Viết lại câu cho nghĩa không đổi: My mother used to play volleyball when she was young => My mother doesn’t…………………………………… “Let’s go fishing” => She suggests…………………………………… … Mike gave me a dress on my birthday => I was……………………………………… …………… “Would you like orange juice?” => He………………………………………… …………… I last saw Jenny when I was in Ha Noi City => I haven’t seen……………………………………… I got lost because I didn’t have a map => If I had……………………………………… … It is a four-hour drive from Nam Dinh to Ha Noi => It takes……………………………………… …… I think the owner of the car is abroad => The owner……………………………………… It’s a pity him didn’t tell me about this => I wish……………………………………… …………… 10 You couldn’t go swimming because of the rain heavily => The rain was too……………………………………… Đáp án: My mother doesn’t play volleyball anymore She suggests going fishing I was given a dress on my birthday He invited me for orange juice I haven’t seen Jenny since I was in Ha Noi City If I had had a map, I wouldn’t have gotten lost It takes four hours to drive from Nam Dinh to Ha Noi 8 The owner of the car is thought to be abroad I wish he had told me about it 10 The rain was too heavy for you to go swimming  ... cry : khóc kêu 100 to laugh at = to give a laugh at : cười nhạo V Bài tập Viết lại câu tiếng Anh có đáp án Viết lại câu cho nghĩa không đổi: My mother used to play volleyball when she was young... attempt to : cố gắng 36 to meet Sb = to have a meeting with Sb : gặp Tiếp tục bổ sung số cấu trúc câu viết lại 2: It takes sb khoảng thời gian to sth= sb spend khoảng thời gian doing sth VD: It... does not speak soft 80 Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund Tiếp tục bổ sung số cấu trúc câu viết lại 1: Because she is absent her from school -> Because of her absence from school 16 Although