Thì đơn – The Simple Present Tense Cách dùng: • Diễn tả thói quen, sở thích, hành động lặp lặp lại Ex: I go to school everyday (Hằng ngày học) • Diễn tả chân lí, thật hiển nhiên Ex: The sun rises in the East and sets in the West (Mặt trời mọc đằng Đông, lặng đằng Tây) • Diễn tả lịch trình, thời khóa biểu (giờ tàu, xe, lịch thi đấu, lịch phim ) Ex: School finishes at 4.30PM (Trường học kết thúc lúc 4h30 chiều) • Dùng mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian ( When/ As soon as/ utill/ before/ After + S + V (HTĐ) ) Ex: As soon as I go home, I will call you right away (Ngay nhà, tơi gọi cho bạn liền) • Dùng câu điều kiện loại Ex: If you study hard, you will pass the entrance examination (Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, bạn đậu kì thi đại học) Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Trong câu có chứa từ "tần suất": • Every day/ week/ month…: ngày/ tuần/ tháng • Always, generally: ln ln • usually : thường thường • Often, frequently: thơng thường • Sometimes, occasionally: • Seldom, rarely: • Never: khơng bao giờ: • Once a week / a month/ a year/ an hour ( lần môt ) • Twice a week / a month/ a year/ an hour ( lần mơt • three times ( lần mơt ) • In the morning/ afternoon/ evening ( vào buổi sáng/ buổi chiều/ buổi tối ) • Vị trí trạng từ tần suất là: - Trước động từ thường He usually goes to the bookstore - Sau động từ "to be" I am usually hungry in the afternoon Công thức Động từ "to be" Động từ thường S + am/is/are + O Trong đó: I -> am Ex: I am a student You/We/They -> are (+) Khẳng định • Ex: They are students S + V(s/es) + O Trong đó: I/You/We/They -> V(nguyên thể) Ex: I listen to music • • He/She/It -> is Ex: He is a student • • He/She/It -> V(s/es) Ex: She listens to music S + am/is/are + not + O (-) Phủ định S + not /does not + V_inf Ex: She is not my mother Ex: I don’t listen to music (Bà mẹ tôi) (Tôi không nghe nhạc) Am/is/are + S + O Do/Does + S + V_inf? Ex: Are you a teacher? Ex: Do you listen to music? (Bạn có phải giáo viên khơng?) ( Bạn có nghe nhạc khơng?) -> Yes, I am / No, I am not -> Yes, I / No, I don’t (?) Nghi vấn Lưu ý: Chủ ngữ I/You/ We/ They He/She/Itc Trợ động từ Ví dụ Do not = don't I don’t listen to mus Does not = doesn't He doesn't listen to music Một số quy tắc thêm s/es: • Thơng thường ta thêm “s” vào sau động từ • Thêm "es" vào sau động từ tận chữ: o, s, x, z, ch, sh ( sơng xưa zờ chẳng shóng ) go → goes, watch → watches, mix → mixes, miss → misses, brush → brushes, buzz → buzzes • Nếu trước "y" phụ âm đổi "y" thành "i" thêm "es" Study → studies, Cry → cries, Fly → flies • Ngoại lệ: Nếu trước "y" nguyên âm thêm "s" Động từ "to be" Động từ thường Say → says, Stay → stays, Play → plays Đối với have với chủ ngữ ngơi thứ số Have -> has Ex: Mary has many dolls ( Mary có nhiều búp bê) Bài tập Bài 1: Dùng "do not" "does not" để hoàn thành câu sau I prefer coffee She ride a bike to her office Their friends live in a small house They the homework on weekends Mike play soccer in the afternoons The bus arrive at 8.30 a.m We go to bed at midnight My brother finish work at p.m Bài 2: Dùng "do", "does", "do not" "does not" để hoàn thành câu sau: Jack like eating hamburgers? => Yes, you get up early on Sundays? => No, the students always work hard for the exam? => No, the train leave at noon every day? => Yes, he often play the guitar? => No, they take a taxi to school every morning? => Yes, Anna and Daisy visit their old teachers on winter holidays? => No, water boil at 100 degrees Celsius? => Yes, Bài 3: Chia động từ ngoặc Robin (play) football every Sunday We (have) a holiday in December every year He often (go) to work late The moon (circle) around the earth The flight (start) at a.m every Thursday Peter (not/ study) very hard He never gets high scores My mother often (teach) me English on Saturday evenings I like Math and she (like) Literature My sister (wash) dishes every day 10 They (not/ have) breakfast every morning Bài 4: Chia động từ ngoặc thêm trạng từ tần suất: My brothers (sleep) on the floor (often) => He (stay) up late? (sometimes) => I (do) the housework with my brother (always) => Peter and Mary (come) to class on time (never) => Why Johnson (get) good marks? (always) => You (go) shopping? (usually) => She (cry) (seldom) => My father (have) popcorn (never) => Bài 5: Điền động từ thích hợp vào trống với hình thức nó: Mary is a teacher She teaches English The children love her and they (1) .a lot from her Mary (2) .home at 3.00 and (3) .lunch Then she sleeps for an hour In the afternoon she (4) .swimming or she cleans her house Sometimes, she (5) .her aunt and (6) .tea with her Every Sunday she does the shopping with her friends Bài 6: Gạch chân câu trả lời 1) I don’t stay/ doesn’t stay at home 2) We don’t wash/ doesn’t wash the family car 3) Doris don’t do/ doesn’t her homework 4) They don’t go/ doesn’t go to bed at 8.30 pm 5) Kevin don’t open/ doesn’t open his workbook 6) Our hamster don’t eat/doesn’t eat apples 7) You don’t chat/ doesn’t chat with your friends 8) She don’t use/ doesn’t use a ruler 9) Max, Frank and Steve don’t skate/ doesn’t skate in the yard 10) The boy don’t throw/doesn’t throw stones Bài 7: Khoanh tròn đáp án I …….Louisiana state University A Am attending B Attend C Was attending D Attended He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he …….dinner A Finish B Finishes C Will finish D Shall have finished The dancing club…… north of the city A Lays B Lies C Located D Lain I don’t understand this sentence What…………………….? A Does mean this word B Have this word mean word mean John…… tennis once or twice a week C Means this word D Does this A Usually play B Is usually playing C Usually plays D Have usually played I usually …….away at weekends A Have gone B Goes C Am going D Go The earth……… round the sun A Go B Has gone C Went D Goes I come from Canada Where …… you …… from? A Do/come B Did/come C Are coming D Have/come Ann…… tea very often A Doesn’t drink B Don’t drink C Didn’t drink D Dasn’t drunken 10 The sun……….in the East A Is rising B Rose C Has risen D Rises 11 It is a nice day I ……….we go out for a walk A Suggested B Suggest C Is suggesting D Are suggesting 12 Bad driving often…….many accidents A Caused B Had caused C Causes D Has cause 13 The Olympic Games…….every four years A Take place B Takes place C Took place D Is taking place 14 What time… the banks close in Britain? A Do B Did C Does D Can 15 Water at 100 degrees Celsius A Boiling B Boils C Is boiling D Boil 16 Bettina usually television in the evening A Watches B Watching C Watch D Has watched 17 I usually to school by bus A Went B Am C Go D Have gone 18 Every twelve months, the Earth………………the Sun A Circles B Circled C Has circled D Is circling 19 I’ll come to see you before I for the United States A Leave B Will leave C Have left D Am leaving 20 I never .studying A Give up B Gives up C Are giving up D Gave up Bài 8: Chia động từ ngoặc The swimming pool (open) ………… at 9:00 and (close)……… at 18:30 everyday George (not go) ……………………… to the cinema very often I have a car, but I (not use)……… it very often How many languages (you/ speak) …………………? Where (she/come) …………………from? (You/ live) ………………… near here? Don’t try to use that telephone It (not/work) …………………… “Have a cigarette” “No, thanks I (not/ smoke) …………………………… ” How often (you/ watch) …………………television? 10 When he (finish) ……….………his work, he will help you