THANH PHAN HOA HOC CUA TINH DAU HUONG NEP LAY TLT CAY DCTA T H O M PANDANUS AMARYLLIA ROXD - VIET NAM Le Thi Anh Dao Khoa Hoa hoc Trutmg DHSP - D H Q G Ha Noi Gidi thieu cay dtia thorn cd ten khoa hoc la Pandanus amaryllia Roxb thude hg Pandanaccac Nd dugc trdng nhi^u b Cau Giiy (Ha Ndi), Son Tay, Hai Phdng va cac tinh mi6n Nam [ ] Trong dan gian nd dugc sir dung lam huong ne'p cua gao tam xoan (n^u com them vao vai la cho thom com), cay dura thom cho miii huong nep de chiu, ngon lanh dugc diing cdng nghiep thuc p h i n nhu tao mui huong nep cho banh keo, cho gao Cay diJa thorn dugc mgc hoang va nhilu b c^c nude Chau A nhu Thai Lan, Malaixia, Inddnexia, Philippin Bg phan cho huong ne^p la e^c la banh te; la de heo cang thom miii com nep, mui ben b nhiet dd cao Tren th^ gidi da cd nhi6u cdng trinh nghien cvax tach chi^t huong nep, xac djnh phSn hoa hgc eiia nd, cung nhu xdc dinh ch^t gay miii huong nep [2] [3] [4] [5] Nhung b nude ta chua thJy cd cdng trinh nao cdng bd ve huong nep Buttery [4] va cac cdng tnnh [3] [5] [6] da khing dinh dugc chit gay miii huong nep la - axetyl - pyrroline gao te thom Ngudi ta cung da nghien curu sir phii thudc cua ndng dd - axetyl - - pyrroline vdi miii thom nep ciia gao te therm va cac phuong phdp di^u ch^ cdng nghiep nd Ndng dd ciia nd rii nhd (chi tinh p h ^ trieu) Trong gao thom vdi phSn ty eiia - axetyl - - pyrroline thi gao da cd mui huong n^p Trong Id diia thom loai Pandanus amaryllia Roxb ed ham lucmg - axetyl - - pyrroline cao gip hang tram va hang n g ^ ISn so vdi gao tam th(*m Trong la di'ra Xham ngoai chat thom ehfnh la - axetyl - porroline cd mot so chat khae gdp phan tao huong thom nep Dd la cdc piperidin ankaloit cd khung Q N C , nhu Pandamarilaetone - 1, pandamarilaetone - 31 hoac pandamarilacton - 32 cd tac dung sinh ly cao [3] [7] Sau day la mot so ket qua chiing tdi thu nhan dugc Ket qua va thao luan MSu M du-a thom nghien ciiu dugc lay b xa Mai Dich, Quan Cau Giay, Ha Ndi 2.1 Xac dinh ham lucnig tinh ddu hifcnig nep: lA diia thom trudc nghien eiiu, chiing tdi da xac dinh dugc am theo hai phuong phdp va cd dd i n tir 71-86% Chiing tdi xac dinh ham lugng tinh dau huong nep theo ba phuong phdp Khi xdc dinh ham lugng tinh dau huong nep bang phuong phap ngam chiet vdi ancol etylic da xdc dinh dugc dieu kien tdi uu cho vice ngam chig^t la ddng ancol etylic 96" nhiet dd ngam chi^t la 50° Y,£i qua dugc neu tren bang 192 Bang Ham luong tinh dau hirtmg ne'p Phuong phdp Hieu suat (%) l,6Mo- 1,13 0,176 Nhan xet Thom huong ne'p, thom nggt ed mui dirdng de chiu Xanh dam, hoi nhdl, thom mui huong ne'p nggt Xanh dam, nhdt, mui thom nep bde Ca't Idi cud'n hoi nude Ngam chict bang ancol etylic 96" d 50" (8 gid) Ngam chiet bang ete dau hoii b 65 - 70°C (8 gid) Nhu vay ham lugng tinh dau huong ne'p tach bang each eat Idi cud'n hoi nude ra't thap 1,63.10 •"% Khi ngam chiet bang etanol, ete dSu hoa thi thu dugc nhieu hon nhimg ta eon chiet them ca cac chit phii (elororin) nen dung dich trd nen xanh dam, hoi nhdt 2.2 Xdc dinh phan hod hoc ciia tinh ddu hifong ne'p: Sau lam khd tinh dau huctng nep bang Na^SOi khan chiing tdi da dung phuong phap GC-MS, d^ xac dinh phan hoa hoc eiia nd Bdiig 'Thanh phan hod hoc ciia tinh ddu hifoiig ne'p (Phan cat Idi cud'n hoi nude) Ten chal Ham lirimg 5,35 etanol 0,5420 5,83 axel on 2,3570 7,09 n-propanol 2,0680 7,6 Chua biet 2,0240 7,8 Chua biet 0,8410 9,52 - penlen - - ol 3,0440 11,52 Chua biet 0,8061 13,20 (Z) - hexen - - ol 0,2016 10 14,37 - axetyl - - pyrroline 3,1450 11 14,63 2,4,4 - Irimetylbut - - cnolite 0,1862 12 15,58 - metyl - (5H) - lur;monc 83,8191 SdTTpic Thdi giim km 4,11 193 Trong sd 12 chit thi chiing tdi da nhan bi^t dugc chit DaQ biet cf day chiing tdi phat hien - axetyl - - pyrroline (pie sd 10, thdi gian luii 14,37 phut ehiem 3,145%) la chit thom miii huong n^p khic vdi tinh diu huong n^p ciia Indonexia [5] Malaixia la b chd tinh diu huong n^p cua hg khdng cd chat ma chi cd cac ankaloit piperidin Q N Q Cd the hg khdng eit bang Idi cud'n hei nude hoac chiet bang etanol ma cac tac gia da dung CHjCl^ hoac CHQj? Nhu vay phin chinh cua tinh diu huong ne^p la - metyl - (5H) - furanone (pic 12) ehie'm 83,8191% Thanh phan cua tinh diu huong ne'p la cac ancol, xeton va - metyl - (5H) - furanone Chinh chit da lam cho tinh diu huong ng^p thom, mui dudng Vi ban thin - metyl - (5H) furanone nguyen chit cd mui thom, vi nggt, mui thom ngon cua mat ong, keo caramen 2.3 Tach cac chat: Chung tdi da diing sdc ky cot vdi chit hip thu la siliagel G, sic ky ban mdng, vdi dung mdi chay khic (ete dau hoa), CHCI3, CHCI3/CH3OH (3: 1), CH3OH thu dugc phan doan khic Trong dd phan doan (CHCO3/CH3OH: 3/1) thu dugc mot giai vang cd mui huong n£fp Tich ti^p tuc bang cac dung mdi tren eit quay dudi dung mdi chiing tdi thu dugc chit sau: a - metyl - (5H) - furanone: da xac nhan bang GC-MS, gidng vdi phd chuin (94%) gdm cic manh nhu phd chuin MS = 98, 41, 53, 69, 83 - Khang dinh bang phd hdng ngoai cung thiy triing vdi phd chuin vdi cac pic sau: 2959 c m ' , 1730 c m ' , 1581,8 e m ' , 1464cm', 1381 c m ' , 1273cm', 1122 c m ' , 1071 c m ' , 1039,8 cm' ' v a c m ' [5] b - axetyl - - pyrroUne: 85% gidng \ib\ phd chuin M = 11 Im m/c = 43, , 42, 83, 39, 55, 68, 69, 82 va [4] Ket luan Chiing tdi da xac djnh dugc ham lugng tinh diu huong n^p tir ciy du"a thom Pandanus amaryllia Roxb bang ba phuong phap khae nhau, cho hieu suit khic Da xac dinh dugc chit sd 12 chit ciaa tinh diu hudng tach bang phuong phap eit Idi cud'n hoi nude Thanh phin chu yeu cua nd la - metyl - (5H - furanone ( > 83%), cac ancol va dac biet la ed chit gay miii huong nep - axetyl - - pyrroline (3,4154%) Bude diu tach biet dugc - metyl - (5H) - furanone va - axetyl - - pyrroline va nhin dang eiu tao ciia chiing qua phuong phap khdi phd va hdng ngoai (Vi khudn khd bai vi^t nen chiing tdi se trinh bay cac miu chiet bang ete dau hoa amoletylic sau) Tdi lieu tham khdo Dd Tit Lgi Nhung cay thude va vi thude Viet Nam NXB Khoa hgc ky thuat - 1995, trang 1121 - 1122 Loo Choo Teng T.C.Shen and S.H Gon Economic BOSTANY 1979, tap 33 trang 7274 194 Maribel G Nonato: The "Pandans" as patential source of new parmaceuticals" ASOMS IX, 1998, Hanoi, trang 62 Ron G Buttery Louisa C Long, Thomas R Mon Quantitative Analysis of - axetyl -pyrrolinee in Rice J Agric Food cheml986, tap 3, trang 112 J Jiang: Volatile composition of pandan leaves (Pandanus - amerryllifolius) 5th Chemical congress of North America - Symposium 504 Nov 1997, Mexico Vararon lakcanaUimai : Comparison of Arorn*Compound (2 - axetyl - - pyrroline in Leaves from Padan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) and Thai Fragrant Rice Cereal chem Tip 70 s d - 1993 trang 381 -384 Maribel Nonato va cdng sir: Stnictural charactezation of piperidin alkaloids from Pandanus amarylliflius by inverse detectet 2D-NMR - techniques Phytochemistry 1993 tap 34, trang 1159-1163 SUMMARY Chemical composition of the Essential oil of Pandanus amaryllia Kuxb - Cau Giay • Ha Ngi - Vict Nam Fresh Leaves of Pandanus amaryllia - Roxb from Cau Giay - Hanoi were steam distilled to produce an oil in 1,62.102% yield and was analised using GC-MS of the more than 12 components separated, were indentified The major components were - metyl - (5H) furanone (A) (83,8%); - axetyl - - pyrroline (3,145%) B; - penten - - ol A, B compounds were isolated 195 ... hoc ciia tinh ddu hifong ne'p: Sau lam khd tinh dau huctng nep bang Na^SOi khan chiing tdi da dung phuong phap GC-MS, d^ xac dinh phan hoa hoc eiia nd Bdiig 'Thanh phan hod hoc ciia tinh ddu... chinh cua tinh diu huong ne^p la - metyl - (5H) - furanone (pic 12) ehie'm 83,8191% Thanh phan cua tinh diu huong ne'p la cac ancol, xeton va - metyl - (5H) - furanone Chinh chit da lam cho tinh diu... xac djnh dugc ham lugng tinh diu huong n^p tir ciy du"a thom Pandanus amaryllia Roxb bang ba phuong phap khae nhau, cho hieu suit khic Da xac dinh dugc chit sd 12 chit ciaa tinh diu hudng tach bang