The reflections of individualism and collectivism in american and vietnamese tv advertisements

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION GRADUATION PAPER STRATEGIES APPLIED IN ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION OF NOVEL TITLES BY TRE PUBLISHING HOUSE AND THE WOMEN’S PUBLISHING HOUSE Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Cam Linh, M.A Student: Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Year of enrollment: QH2010.F1 Hanoi – 2014 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ KHOA SƯ PHẠM TIẾNG ANH KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP CHIẾN LƯỢC DỊCH TIÊU ĐỀ TIỂU THUYẾT TỪ TIẾNG ANH SANG TIẾNG VIỆT CỦA NHÀ XUẤT BẢN TRẺ VÀ NHÀ XUẤT BẢN PHỤ NỮ Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Linh, Th.S Sinh viên: Nguyễn Thị Thu Trang Khoá: QH2010.F1 Hà Nội – 2014 DECLARATION I hereby state that I: Nguyen Thi Thu Trang, QH2010.F1.E21, being a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Arts (TEFL) accept the requirements of the College relating to the retention and use of Bachelor’s Graduation Paper deposited in the library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the origin of my paper deposited in the library should be accessible for the purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the librarian for the care, loan or reproduction of the paper Hanoi, 2014 Nguyen Thi Thu Trang ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Ms Nguyen Thi Cam Linh, M.A for her precious guidance, valuable advice as well as her encouragement which were decisive factors assisting me in finishing the paper on the right track despite of her rigorous and rigid schedule My sincere thanks to Ms Ngo Ha Thu, MCS and Ms Nguyen Kim Hang, editor of the Women’s Publishing House for providing me the materials related to the publisher Without them, my paper cannot be completed I am also grateful to my classmates who encouraged me a lot to continue conducting this paper and also gave me very useful advice Finally, I appreciate support and caring from my family and my best friend from beginning to the end of the research i ABSTRACT Over the past decades, Vietnam‟s publishing industry has witnessed steady growth, especially literary translation This pivotal position evokes many studies on the field which cover various aspects Novel title transition, however, has remained undiscovered despite its great importance to a literary work This factor urges the researcher to carry out this paper with objectives of finding the most popular trend of using translation strategies, and then draws some implications for students majoring in translation and interpretation when they deal with novel titles Tre Publishing House and the Women‟s Publishing House were chosen as the subjects of this study, and document analysis was utilized as the research method 140 titles which were purposively chosen indicated that literal and couplet translation were the two most dominant strategies An unexpected outcome was the number of titles that was excluded from 24 proposed strategies They raised the issue of creativity in literary translation Last but not least, the research gives recommendations on novel title translation as well as points out limitations of the current studies and suggestions for further ones ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS v LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Statement of problem and rationale 1.2 Aims and objectives 1.3 Significance of the study 1.4 Scope of the study .3 1.5 Organization of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 An overview of novel titles .5 2.1.1 Definition of novel .5 2.1.2 Functions of novel titles .5 2.1.3 Classification of novel titles .7 2.2 Novel title translation .9 2.2.1 Definition of translation .9 2.2.2 Strategies of translation 10 2.2.3 Novel title translation .17 iii CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 19 3.1 Design of the study 19 3.2 Sampling 19 3.4 Data collection procedures .20 3.5 Data analysis procedures 22 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 24 4.1 Research question 1: What are the most popular English – Vietnamese translation strategies employed to translate novel titles published by Tre Publishing House and the Women‟s Publishing House from 2011-2014? 24 4.1.1 Application of translation strategies in general 24 4.1.2 Application of translation strategies in particular types of titles 29 4.1.2 The dominant strategies in translation of novel titles 34 4.2 Research question 2: What implications can be suggested to students majoring in translation and interpreting when translating novel titles? 36 CHAPTER 5: CONSCLUSIONS 37 5.1 Summary of the findings 37 5.2 Limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies 38 REFERENCES Error! Bookmark not defined APPENDICES 44 iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS SL: Source Language ST: Source Text TL: Target Language TPH: Tre Publishing House TT: Target Text WPH: Women‟s Publishing House v LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Page Table 4.1 Novel titles translated by literal translation 24 Table 4.2 Novel titles translated by adaptation 25 Table 4.3 Novel titles translated by transference 25 Table 4.4 Grammatical structure changes when using shift and some 26 examples Table 4.5 Frequency of couplet 27 Table 4.6 Novel titles translated by synonymy 28 Table 4.7 Novel titles translated by paraphrase 28 Table 4.8 Novel titles translated by reduction and expansion 29 Table 4.9 Nominal titles translated by literal translation 30 Table 4.10 Strategies in translation of verbal titles 31 Table 4.11 Exceptions of titles that not apply any of proposed 34 translation strategy Figure 3.1 Types of English novel titles in Tre Publishing House and 22 the Women‟s Publishing House Figure 4.1 Strategies in translation of nominal titles 30 Figure 4.2 Strategies in translation of verbal titles 31 Figure 4.3 Strategies in translation of adjectival titles 32 Figure 4.3 Strategies in translation of complex titles 33 Figure 4.4 Strategies applied in translation of novel titles 34 vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION This very first chapter donates a succinct map of the thesis, including the rationale, aims of the study and research questions, scope, significance and organization of the research 1.1 Statement of problem and rationale Over the past decades, globalization has led to vigorous changes in various aspects, especially in culture By using language to bridge the gap between different cultures, inevitably, translation has contributed significantly to this process Vietnam is not excluded from this trend First to say, the number of publications of the country each year is no less than some countries with long history of publishing According to Ministry of Information and Communication of Vietnam, there were about 25,000 books published with 274 million of copies in 2013 Although the number of books released in recent years has undergone little changes, the revenue has been gradually increasing from 1488.9 billion VND in 2008 to 2949.5 billion VND in 2013 Translated books generally and literary translated books particularly enjoy a reasonable percentage of 23% (Tuổi trẻ Online, 2014) Vietnamese‟s literary translation has become a key business strategy of publishers and has gained special attention from translators as well as readers Hence, this accelerated aspect provides a springboard for a plethora of studies on literary translation From 1998 to 2008, it was estimated that more than 14 theses on literary translation were undertaken by students of University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University (ULIS, VNU), and the figure has been added up constantly in the next years Research covered many issues and components of book translation such as translation strategies and techniques or translation of slang, metaphor, equivalence effect analysis, etc Notwithstanding, there has been still little, if any, research on translation of book titles in Vietnam, especially novel title translation Briffa and Caruana (2009) states that “Literary translation is a journey from one culture to another and the translated title functions as a bridge between the two cultures” (p 11) Not only being a “bridge”, a title is an important notebook màu xanh title (James A Levine) The deep end 38 of the ocean (Jacquelyn Mitchard) 39 40 Hatter‟s castle (A.J.Cronin) The Citadel (A.J.Cronin) Trong thẳm sâu tâm hồn Lâu đài người bán nón Thành trì Nominal title Nominal title Paraphrase Hatter‟s castle Shift Nominal Literal title translation The way of all 41 The Citadel The way of all flesh Xác thịt (Samuel đâu Nominal title Adaptation flesh Butler) 42 Nemesis (Philip Roth) The casual 43 vacancy (J.K.Rowling) Báo ứng Khoảng trống Nominal Literal title translation Nominal Literal title translation The Casual Vacancy Couplet 44 Cassie's crush (Fiona Foden) Nhật ký say nắng Cassie Nominal title (Shift + Expansion and reduction) The invention 45 of solitude (Paul Auster) Khởi sinh Nominal Literal cô độc title translation 49 46 Your inner fish (Neil Shubin) Tất cá Wife 22 47 (Melanie Vợ số 22 Gideon) Monster High 48 (Lisi Harrison) Ngôi trường quái vật 01 Nominal title Exception Nominal Literal title translation Nominal title Wife 22 Shift The HundredYear-Old Man Who Climbed 49 Out the Window and Disappeared (Jonas Ông trăm tuổi trèo qua cửa sổ biến Nominal Literal title translation Jonasson) Ten things I‟ve Mười điều 50 Ten things I‟ve learnt about học Nominal Literal learnt about love title translation love (Sarah Butler) tình yêu The Cuckoo's 51 The Cuckoo's Calling Con chim (Robert khát tổ Nominal title Adaptation Calling Galbraith) 52 The Donut Nhật ký Diaries of bánh donut Dermot Miligan Dermot Couplet Nominal (Transferenc title e + Literal translation) 50 (Anthony Milligan McGowan) 53 Eve's Diary Nhật ký Nominal (Mark Twain) tình yêu title The Last Letter Paraphrase Expansion from Your Bức thư Nominal Lover tình cuối title Wonder Điều kỳ Nominal Literal (R.J.Palacio) diệu title translation Insurgent Insurgent: 56 (Veronica Những kẻ 54 (Jojo Moyes) 55 Roth) Trust Me 57 (Cameron Dokey) A place called 58 here (Cecelia Ahern) Listen To My 59 Voice (Susanna Tamaro) loạn Hãy tin anh reduction from Your Lover Couplet Nominal (Transferenc title e+ Adaptation) Verbal title Literal translation A place called Có nơi gọi chốn and The Last Letter Verbal title Literal here translation Lắng nghe yêu Verbal title Modulation Verbal title Shift thương Follow Your 60 Heart Trái tim (Susanna mách bảo Tamaro) 51 A Walk In The 61 Clouds Dạo bước (Deborah mây Verbal title Literal translation Chiel) Switched 62 (Amanda Hocking) Torn 63 (Amanda Hocking) 64 Bared to You (Sylvia Day) Bị hoán đổi Bị tranh đoạt Switched Verbal title Torn Verbal title Synonymy Reduction Chạm Mở Verbal title and Expansion Reflected in 65 You Synonymy Reduction Soi chiếu Verbal title and (Sylvia Day) Expansion Entwined with Reduction 66 You Hoà quyện Verbal title and Expansion (Sylvia Day) Ascend 67 (Amanda Ascend Lên Verbal title Synonymy Hocking) The Alchemyst Nhà giả 68 : the secrets of kim - Bí the immortal mật Complex Literal Nicholas Nicholas title translation Flame Flamel bất Complex Literal (Michael Scott) tử 69 Charlie Bone: Charlie 52 The castle of Bone mirrors lâu đài (Jenny gương title translation Nimmo) The Necromancer: The Secrets of 70 the Immortal Nicholas Flamel (Michael Scott) The Kẻ chiêu Necromancer hồn: Bí mật Complex Literal Nicholas title translation Complex Literal title translation Complex Literal title translation Flamel Nanny returns 71 (Emma Vú em trở McLaughlin, lại Nicola Kraus) Cậu bé The Magic 72 Thief: Found trộm ma thuật 03 – (Sarah Prineas) Tìm bảo bối Vampirates: 73 Blood Captain (Justin Somper) 74 Hải tặc ma cà rồng 03 – Thuyền trưởng Vampirates: Complex title Blood Captain Shift máu Havoc - there's Havoc - no going back Một (Chris không trở Wooding) lại Havoc - there's Complex Cultural title equivalent no going back 53 Best Mates Forever: Love, 75 Mates and Money (Kathryn Lamb) Best Mates Forever: Vices 76 and Virtues (Kathryn Lamb) Love, Mates Blog gái - Kế hoạch “ngập and Money Complex title Exception tiền” Vices and Blog gái - Phiền tối hẹn Complex title Virtues Exception hị Best Mates Forever: Brothers, 77 Boyfriends and Babe Magnets (Kathryn Brothers, Boyfriends and Blog gái - Tuyệt Complex title Babe Magnets Adaptation “hot boy” Lamb) House Of Ngôi nhà Night – bóng 78 Chosen đêm – (P.C Cast, Được lựa Kristin Cast) chọn Children of the Lamp: The 79 Day Of The Djinn Warrior (P.B.Kerr) Chosen Complex Literal title translation Hâụ duệ The Day Of thần đèn 04 – Ngày tái sinh Complex title Reduction and The Djinn Warrior Expansion chiến binh 54 đất nung BEC – 80 Screams in the dark (Darren Shan) Demonata: 81 Blood Beast 82 83 Demontana 04 - Bec Tiếng thét chiều Couplet Complex (Transferenc title e + Literal 05 – Huyết in the dark translation) tối Demonata Bec – Screams Complex title Couplet (Transferenc (Darren Shan) thú Demonata: Demonata Demon 06 - Sự Apocalypse khải huyền (Darren Shan) quỷ The Warlock: Ảo thuật The Secrets of gia - Bí the Immortal mật Complex Literal Nicholas Nicholas title translation Flamel Flamel bất Complex title Blood Beast e + Shift) Couplet (Transferenc Demon Apocalypse e + Shift) The Warlock (Michael Scott) tử A River Runs 84 Through It (Norman Maclean) John Carter: A Princess Of 85 Mars (Edgar Rice Burroughs) Nơi dịng sơng chảy qua Complex title John Shift Couplet Carter Complex (Transferenc công chúa title e + Literal Hỏa tinh translation) 55 John Carter: The Gods Of 86 Mars (Edgar Rice Burroughs) Love is hell 87 (Matt Groening) Frankenstein: 88 Dead and Alive (Dean Koontz) Frankenstein: 89 City of Night (Dean Koontz) Frankenstein: 90 Prodigal Son (Dean Koontz) And then there 91 were none (Agatha Christie) Demonata: 92 Wolf Island 93 John Couplet Carter Complex (Transferenc linh thần title e + Literal Hỏa tinh Đừng nói lời chia xa Frankenste in: Chết hồi sinh translation) Complex title Couplet Complex (Transferenc title e + Literal translation) Frankenste in: Thành phố Couplet Complex (Transferenc title e + Literal bóng đêm translation) Frankenste in: Đứa Complex lang title bạt Mười người da đen nhỏ Demonata tập 8: Đảo (Darren Shan) sói Demonata: Demonata Death‟s 07: Cái Exception Complex title Complex title Couplet (Transferenc e + Shift) Exception Couplet Wolf Island (Transferenc e + Shift) Complex Couplet Death‟s title (Transferenc shadow 56 shadow bóng (Darren Shan) tử thần This book will 94 save your life (A M Homes) e + Shift) Quyển sách cứu Complex Literal title translation đời bạn The The Enchantress: Yêu nữ: Bí The Secrets of mật 95 the Immortal Nicholas Nicholas Flamel bất Flamel tử Couplet Complex (Transferenc title e + Literal Enchantress translation) (Michael Scott) 96 Demonata: Demonata Dark calling 09 – Bóng (Darren Shan) tối vẫy gọi Couplet Complex (Transferenc title e + Literal translation) Demonata Demonata: 97 Hell‟s heroes (Darren Shan) 10 – Những anh hùng Complex title Couplet (Transferenc e + Shift) địa ngục Children of the lamp 5: The 98 eye of the forest (P.B.Kerr) 99 The eye of the Hậu duệ thần đèn Complex Literal 05 – Mắt title translation Complex Literal title translation forest rừng Dream new Mơ dreams: giấc mơ 57 Reimagining mới: Hình My Life After dung lại Loss đời (Jai Pausch) sau mát Ngôi 100 Monster High trường 2: The Ghoul quái vật Next Door 02: Ma cà (Lisi Harrison) rồng nhà Complex Literal title translation bên Vampirates: 101 Black Heart (Justin Somper) 102 103 Hải tặc ma cà rồng 04 – tim đen Vampirates: Complex title Shift Kylie Jean: Kylie Jean Drama Queen – Nữ (Marci hoàng sân Peschke) khấu Kylie Jean: Kylie Jean Hoop Queen – Nữ Complex (Transferenc (Marci hoàng title e+ Peschke) bóng rổ Kylie Jean: Blueberry 104 Queen (Marci Peschke) Complex title hoàng dâu tây Couplet (Transferenc e + Shift) Couplet Modulation) Kylie Jean – Nữ Black Heart Complex title Couplet (Transferenc e + Shift) 58 Ravens Pass – 105 Curses for Sale (Steve Brezenoff) Couplet Thị trấn cổng quạ đen - Lời nguyền rao (Expansion Complex and title Reduction + Literal bán translation) Couplet 106 Ravens Pass – Thị trấn Bites cổng quạ Complex and (Steve đen - Vết title Reduction + Brezenoff) cắn (Expansion Literal translation) Ravens Pass – 107 Lost Island (Steve Brezenoff) Thị trấn cổng quạ đen - Hòn đảo Couplet Complex title tích (Expansion and Reduction + Shift) Together 108 Forever Yêu theo (Cameron tử vi Adjectival title Adaptation Dokey) When Harry Khi Harry Adjectival Literal gặp Sally title translation Reach Me Người bạn Adjectival (Rebecca bí ẩn 109 met Sally (Nora Ephron) When You 110 title Exception Stead) 59 Deeper Deeper (Roderick 111 Gordon & Cõi sâu Brian Adjectival title Couplet (Adaptation + Shift) Williams) Before I go to 112 sleep (S.J.Watson) Trước lúc ngủ say Adjectival title Couplet Before I go to (Shift + sleep Expansion and Reduction) Beyond this 113 place (A.J.Cronin) Divergent 114 (Veronica Roth) Thanh gươm công lý title Những kẻ Adjectival bất khả trị title How to Train Bí kíp Your Dragon luyện rồng by Hiccup Nấc 115 Horrendous Adjectival Cụt Haddock III Horrendou (Cressida s Haddock Cowell) đệ tam Adjectival title Beyond this Exception place Divergent Adaptation Shift 60 APPENDIX 2: Strategies applied in translation of English novel titles in the Women‟s Publishing House (2011 – 2014) No Source text Target text Clasification Strategy Dead Souls (Ian Rankin) Những linh hồn lẩn khuất Nominal title Couple (Shift + Expansion) The Naked Eye Mắt trần (Tawada Yoko) Nominal title Shift Gió đùa liễu Nominal title Couple (Shift + Expansion) Rebecca trang trại Suối Nắng Nominal title Literal translation Ngôi nhà lụa Nominal title Literal translation Cô gái chọc tổ ong bầu Nominal title Literal translation The Wind in the Willows (Kenneth Grahame) Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (Kate Douglas Wiggin) The House of Silk (Anthony Horowitz) The Girl Who Kicked the Hornet's Nest (Stieg Larsson) One Night (Rabindranath Tagore) Một đêm Nominal title Expansion Juliet (Anne Fortier) Juliet Nominal title Transference Subtitle of the original 61 10 11 12 13 My Enemy's Cradle (Sara Young) The Girl Who Played with Fire (Stieg Larsson) The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (Stieg Larsson) Pizza, Love, and Other Stuff That Made Me Famous (Karhryn Williams) The language of Flowers (Vanessa Diffenbaugh) Flat-out Love (Jessica Park) Trong vịng nơi kẻ thù Nominal title Cơ gái đùa với lửa Nominal title Literal translation Cơ gái có hình xăm rồng Nominal title Literal translation Cô nàng Pizza Nominal title Mật ngữ Nominal title hoa Shift Exception Couplet (Through + Expansion) Mối tình 2D Nominal title The Buddha in 15 the Attic (Juile Otsuka) Phật tầng áp mái Nominal title Literal translation Sold 16 (Patricia McCormick) Bị bán Verbal title Literal translation Nụ hôn nàng công chúa biển Verbal title 14 Forgive my fins 17 (Tera Lynn Childs) Waiting for Sunrise 18 (William Boyd) Chờ mặt trời Verbal title lên Adaptation Flat-out Love Exception Couplet (Shift + Descriptive equivalents) 62 Flipped Bên 19 (Wendelin Van đường có đứa dở Draanen) 20 21 22 23 24 25 Where the Heart is (Billie Letts) Fins are forever (Tera Lynn Childs) Blue is for Nightmares (Laurie Faria Stolarz) White Is for Magic (Laurie Faria Stolarz) Silver is for Secrets (Laurie Faria Stolarz) Red Is for Remembrance (Laurie Faria Stolarz) Verbal title Exception Adjectival title Expansion Complex title Adaptation Ác mộng xanh Complex title Shift Phép thuật trắng Complex title Shift Bí mật bạc Complex title Shift Ký ức đỏ Complex title Shift Nơi ngập tràn tình yêu Chỉ có kẻ ngốc chọn tình u 63 ... of the methodology of the research, including the research approach, the sampling, the methods of data collection and the procedures of data collection and analysis 3.1 Design of the study In the. .. thought that there is only the need to maintain the meaning of ST By arguing that “translation is rendering a written text into another language in the way the author intended in the text”, Newmark... succinct map of the thesis, including the rationale, aims of the study and research questions, scope, significance and organization of the research 1.1 Statement of problem and rationale Over the