Unit 7 Cultural Diversity

- Mạo từ bất định a/ an được dùng trước danh từ đếm được số ít để chỉ một người/ vật: không xác định hoặc một người/ vật được đề cập đến lần đầu - người nghe không biết chính xác hoặc [r]

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TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10- HỌC KỲ

Ngoại ngữ MTEC – Số 2A, ngõ 52, phố Nam Dư, Lĩnh Nam, Hoàng Mai, HN Giáo viên : Nguyễn Thị Thuận Email & Facebook: nguyenthithuanbg@gmail.com

Điện thoại : 0969 953 568 Website: http://english4all.edu.vn

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UNIT CULTURAL DIVERSITY Đa dạng văn hóa

I Vocabulary:

1.alert /əˈlɜːt/(adj): tỉnh táo altar /ˈɔːltə(r)/(n): bàn thờ

3 ancestor /ˈỉnsestə(r)/(n): ơng bà, tổ tiên

4 Aquarius /əˈkweəriəs/(n): chịm sao/ cung Thủy bình Aries /ˈeəriːz/ (n): chòm sao/ cung Bạch dương

6 assignment/əˈsaɪnmənt/ (n): tập lớn best man /bestmæn/(n): phù rể

8 bride /braɪd/ (n): cô dâu

9 bridegroom/groom/ˈbraɪdɡruːm/ (n): rể 10 bridesmaid /ˈbraɪdzmeɪd/ (n): phù dâu

11 Cancer /ˈkỉnsə(r)/(n): chịm sao/ cung Cự giải 12 Capricorn /ˈkỉprɪkɔːn/ (n): chịm sao/ cung Ma kết 13 complicated /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/(adj): phức tạp

14 contrast /ˈkɒntrɑːst/(n): tương phản, trái ngược + contrast /kənˈtrɑːst/ (v): tương phản, khác

15 crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/(adj): đông đúc 16 decent/ˈdiːsnt/ (adj): đàng hoàng, tử tế

17 diversity /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ (n): da dạng, phong phú 18 engaged /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/(adj): đính hơn, đính ước

+ engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/(n): đính hơn, đính ước 19 export /ˈekspɔːt/ (n) : xuất khẩu, hàng xuất

+ export /ɪkˈspɔːt/ (v): xuất

20 favourable/ˈfeɪvərəbl/ (adj): thuận lợi 21 fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/(n): vận may, giàu có 22 funeral /ˈfjuːnərəl/ (n) : đám tang

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28 24 Gemini /ˈdʒemɪnaɪ/ (n): chịm sao/ cung Song tử

25 handkerchief /ˈhỉŋkətʃɪf/ (n): khăn tay

26 high status /haɪ ˈsteɪtəs/(np): có địa vị cao, có vị trí cao 27 honeymoon /ˈhʌnimuːn/(n): tuần trăng mật

28 horoscope/ˈhɒrəskəʊp/ (n): số tử vi, cung Hoàng đạo 29 import /ˈɪmpɔːt/ (n): nhập khẩu, hàng nhập

+ import/ɪmˈpɔːt/ (v): nhập

30 influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ (n): ảnh hưởng

31 legend /ˈledʒənd/(n): truyền thuyết, truyện cổ tích 32 lentil/ˈlentl/ (n): đậu lăng, hạt đậu lăng

33 Leo/ˈliːəʊ/ (n): chòm sao/ cung Sư tử

34 Libra /ˈliːbrə/(n): chòm sao/ cung Thiên bình 35 life partner /laɪf ˈpɑːtnə(r)/(np) : bạn đời 36 magpie /ˈmỉɡpaɪ/(n) : chim chích chịe 37 majority/məˈdʒɒrəti/ (n): phần lớn

38 mystery /ˈmɪstri/ (n) : điều huyền bí, bí ẩn 39 object /əbˈdʒekt/(v): phản đối, chống lại + object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/(n) đồ vật, vật thể

40 Pisces /ˈpaɪsiːz/(n): chịm sao/ cung Song ngư 41 present /ˈpreznt/ (adj): có mặt,

+ present /prɪˈzent/(v): đưa ra, trình bày + present /ˈpreznt/(n) : quà

42 prestigious /preˈstɪdʒəs/(adj): có uy tín, có 43 proposal /prəˈpəʊzl/ (n): cầu hôn

44 protest/ˈprəʊtest/; /prəˈtest/ (n,v): phản kháng, phản đối 45 rebel /ˈrebl/; /rɪˈbel/ (v,n): loạn, chống đối

46 ritual/ˈrɪtʃuəl/ (n): lễ nghi, nghi thức

47 Sagittarius /ˌsỉdʒɪˈteəriəs/ (n) : chịm sao/ cung Nhân mã 48 Scorpio /ˈskɔːpiəʊ/(n) : chòm sao/ cung Thiên yết

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29 50 superstition /ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃn/(n): tín ngưỡng, mê tín

+ superstitious/ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃəs/ (adj): mê tín 51 sweep /swiːp/(v): quét

52 take place /teɪkpleɪs/ (v): diễn

53 Taurus /ˈtɔːrəs/ (n) : chòm sao/ cung Kim ngưu 54 veil /veɪl/(n): mạng che mặt

55 venture /ˈventʃə(r)/(n): dự án cơng việc kinh doanh 56 Virgo/ˈvɜːɡəʊ/ (n): chịm sao/ cung Xử nữ

57 wealth /welθ/(n) : giàu có, giàu sang, cải 58 wedding ceremony /ˈwedɪŋˈserəməni/ (np): lễ cưới 59 wedding reception / ˈwedɪŋrɪˈsepʃn/ (np): tiệc cưới II Grammar:

1 Comparartive and superlative adjectives (So sánh so sánh

nhất)

1.1) Comparative adjectives (So sánh với tính từ)

+ So sánh sử dụng có hai người, hai vật, hai việc đưa để so sánh

+ Khi dùng so sánh phải có tính từ kèm vào

+ Tính từ chia làm hai loại: tính từ ngắn tính từ dài

* Tính từ ngắn tính từ có âm tiết ví dụ như: strong, big, nice Tuy nhiên tính có hai vần tận y, er, le, ow, some xem tính từ ngắn ví dụ handsome, simple, narrow, pretty, clever.

* Tính từ dài tính từ có từ hai vần trở lên

a) Cấu trúc so sánh tính từ ngắn:

Subject + verb + adj-er + than + noun/ pronoun

Ex: Your house is bigger than Lan‟s house

Nhà bạn lớn nhà Lan.

The life in the country is simpler than that in the city

Cuộc sống nơng thơn giản dị sống thành thị. b) Cấu trúc so sánh tính từ dài:

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Ex: She is more beautiful than her younger sister

Cô đẹp em gái cô ta.

This chair is more comfortable than that chair

Cái ghế thoải mái ghế kia.

 Trước so sánh tính từ, sử dụng a bit, a little,

much, a lot far (= a lot).

Ex: You should go to there by bus It costs much cheaper

Bạn nên đến xe buýt Nó rẻ nhiều.

1.2) Superlative adjectives (So sánh với tính từ)

So sánh sử dụng có từ ba người, ba vật, ba việc trở lên để so sánh nhằm đưa mức độ lớn khác

 Cấu trúc so sánh tính từ:

Subject + verb + the + short adj-est Subject + verb + the + most + adj

Ex: Mai is the most beautiful girl in this class

Mai cô gái xinh dẹp lớp.

Nhung is the shortest of the three sisters

Nhung người thấp ba chị em.

Lưu ý: Trong so sánh hai giới từ in of thường hay sử dụng

Chúng ta dùng of số lượng, dùng in nơi chốn

Tính từ so sánh so sánh

good better the best

bad worse the worst

much/many more the most

little less the least

far farther/ further the farthest/ furthest

old older/ elder the oldest/ eldest

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31

late later the latest

2 Giới thiệu mạo từ (Articles)

2.1) Định nghĩa: Mạo từ từ đứng trước danh từ cho biết danh từ đề

cập đến dối tượng xác định hay không xác định

Chúng ta dùng "the" khi danh từ đối tượng người nói lẫn người nghe biết rõ dối tượng Ngược lại dùng mạo từ bất định "a/ an",

người nói đề cập đến đối tượng chung chưa xác định được: Mạo từ tiếng Anh gồm ba từ phân chia sau: Mạo từ xác định (Denifinite article): the

Mạo từ bất định (Indefinite article): a/ an

Mạo từ loại từ riêng biệt, xem phận rủa tính từ dùng để bổ nghĩa - đơn vị (cái, chiếc)

a) Mạo từ bất định

Đinh nghĩa: a/ an đứng trước danh từ đếm số (singular noun - danh từ vật thể, người, ý niệm, riêng rẽ đếm dạng số ít)

Cả hai sử dụng lời nói chung chung để giới thiệu điều chưa đề cập đến trước

Ex: A book Một sách (Nói chung sách)

- a đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu phụ âm (consonant) nguyên âm vowel) phát âm phụ âm

Ex: a ruler (cây thước), a pencil (cây bút chì), a pig (con heo), a student (sinh viên), a oneway street (đường chiều),

- an đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu nguyên âm (a, e, i, o, u)

Ex: an orange (quả cam), an uncle (chú, cậu)

- an đứng trước sô" danh từ bắt đầu "h" đọc nguyên âm

Ex: an hour (giờ), an honest man (người lương thiện)

b) Mạo từ xác định (Definite article) “the”:

“The” dùng cho danh từ đếm (số lẫn số nhiều) danh từ không

đếm

Ex: The truth (sự thật) The time (thời gian)

The bicycle (một xe đạp) The bicycles (những xe đạp)

- Mạo từ xác định "the" dùng trước danh từ để diễn tả (hoặc nhiều) người, vật, vật xác định rồi, nghĩa người nói người nghe biết tượng đề cập tới Ví dụ: Khi nói “Mother is in the garden” (Mẹ vườn người nói lẫn người nghe biết khu vườn đề cập tới vườn Chúng ta xem ví dụ khác:

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32 Người Việt Nam thường uống trà. (người Việt Nam nói chung)

We like the teas of Thai Nguyen Chúng tơi thích loại trà Thái Ngun.

(dùng “the” nói đến trà Thái Nguyên)

Butter is made from cream Bơ làm từ kem. (Bơ nói chung) He likes the butter of France

Anh ta thích bơ Pháp. (Butter xác định từ France (nước Pháp))

- “The” dùng trước danh từ mang nghĩa chủng loại: The dùng theo

nghĩa biểu chủng (generic meaning), nghĩa dùng để loài: Ex: I hate the television Tôi ghét tivi.

Tho whale is a mammal, not a fish

Cá voi động vật có vú, khơng phải cá nói chung.

Ở “the television, the whale” không tivi cá voi cụ thể mà chung cho tất tivi, cá voi trôn trái đất

2) Cách dùng mạo từ

a) Các trường hợp dùng mạo từ a/ an

- Mạo từ bất định a/ an dùng trước danh từ đếm số để người/ vật: không xác định người/ vật đề cập đến lần đầu - người nghe khơng biết xác chưa biết người hay vật Ex: She teaches in a nice big school Cô dạy trường lớn, đẹp [Không xác định trường nào.]

- a/ an dùng trước danh từ nghề nghiệp, chức vụ

Ex: My brother's an engineer (Anh trai kĩ sư) He works as a teacher Anh giáo viên

- a/ an dùng để nói chức sử dụng vật

Ex: Don‟t use the glass as an ashtray Dừng dùng ly làm đồ gạt tàn thuốc

- a/ an dùng để nói chung chung, khơng rõ ràng

Ex: She married a teacher Cô ta kết hôn với giáo viên

- a/ an dùng để mô tả

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- Không dùng với sở hữu từ (possessive), (not a my book)

- Các bữa ăn, môn thể thao (to have lunch, ăn trưa, to play football: chơi bóng đá)

- Sau kind of, sort of, a/ an lược bỏ Ex: A kind of tree Một loại

* Chú ý (Note):

- Nhưng mơ tả tóc (hair), danh từ hair ln dạng số khơng có mạo từ đứng trước

Ex: She's got dark hair Cơ có mái tóc đen

- Trong câu cảm thán (exclamation) với what, a/ an không bỏ Ex: What a pity! Thật tiếc!

- a/ an đứng sau quite, rather such, (quả là, khó là, thế, ) Ex: quite/ rather/ such a nice day

quả ngày đẹp trời; ngày đẹp trời thế, c) Cách dùng mạo từ “the”

Các trường hợp dùng mạo từ xác định “the”:

- Khi trước danh từ người hay vật độc the sun (mặt trời), the moon (mặt trăng)

- Dùng the trước danh từ người nói người nghe biết danh từ được: nói tới xác định rõ ràng

Ex: Their literature teacher is old, but the English teacher is young

Giáo viên môn Văn già giáo viên tiếng Anh trẻ.

- Trước tên quốc gia dạng số nhiều quốc gia liên kết đơn vị nhỏ

Ex: The United States (Hợp chủng quốc Hoa Kỳ), The Netherlands (vương quốc Hà Lan),

The Philippines (cộng hòa Philippines), The United Kingdom (Vương quốc Anh)

- Trước địa danh mà danh từ chung hiểu ngầm

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- Trước danh từ riêng quần đảo, sông, rặng núi, đại dương

Ex: the Bahamas (quần đảo Bahamas), the river Thames (sông Thames); The Atlantic (Đại Tây Dương)

- Trước danh từ số đếm dùng với ý nghĩa tổng quát để chủng loại

Ex: The horse is being replaced by the tractor

Ngựa thay máy kéo.

- Trước mội danh từ chung có danh từ riêng theo sau xác định Ex: the planet Mars (hành tinh Hỏa)

- Trước tước hiệu gọi theo số thứ tự hay trước số thứ tự Ex: Queen Elizabeth II

Queen Elizabeth the Second

nữ hoàng Elizabeth đệ nhị

She is the first person to come here today

Hôm nay, cô người đến đây.

- Trong dạng so sánh (superlatives) dạng so sánh kép (double comparative)

Ex: This is the youngest student in her class

Đây học sinh nhỏ tuổi lớp cô ấy.

The harder you work, the more you will be paid

Bạn làm việc chăm chỉ, bạn trả lương nhiều.

This is the best book I have ever had

Đây sách tốt mà trước tơi có được.

- Trước danh từ ngữ giới từ (prepositional phrase) bổ nghĩa Ex: the road to London (đường đến Luân Đôn) the battle of Trafalgar (trận chiến Trafalgar)

- Trước danh từ bổ nghĩa một mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (defining relative clause)

Ex: The man who helped you yesterday is not here

Người đàn ông giúp bạn ngày hơm qua khơng có đây.

- Trước tính từ để tạo thành danh từ tập hợp (collective noun) Ex: The rich should help the poor Người giàu nên giúp đỡ người nghèo.

- Dùng “the” để đưa câu phát biểu chung động vật; phát minh, khám phá:

Ex: The monkey can swing Khỉ đánh đu.

The electron is a part of every atom

Các electron phần nguyên tử.

- Dùng “the” với cồng cụ âm nhạc:

Ex: The piano (đàn piano); the violin (đàn violin); the clarinet (kèn clarinet)

* Cách đoc: "the" đọc /ði/ đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu

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The egg the chair The umbrella the book

“The” đọc /ðə/ đứng trước danh từ có cách viết bắt đầu

nguyên âm có cách đọc phụ âm + nguyên âm: /ju:/và /wʌn/

như:

The United Stated The Europeans

The one-eyed man is the King of the blind The university

“The” đọc /ði/ đứng trước danh từ có “h” không đọc: The “ði” hour (giờ)

The “/ði/” honestman (người lương thiện)

“The” đọc “ði” người nói muốn nhấn mạnh ngập ngừng trước danh từ bắt đầu phụ âm:

I have forgotten the “ði:”, er, er the “ði:”, er, check

Tôi bỏ quên cái, à, cái ngân phiếu rồi. 3 Pronunciation (Phát âm)

Từ có hai âm tiết vừa danh từ, vừa động từ

- Một số từ âm tiết vừa động từ, vừa danh từ Khi danh từ, trọng âm được nhấn vào âm tiết thứ

Ex: 'record, 'contrast, 'export, 'desert, 'object, 'present, 'produce, 'rebel, 'protest

- Trọng âm đặt âm tiết thứ hai chúng động từ

Ex: re'cord, con'trast, ex'port, de'sert, ob'ject, pre'sent, pro'duce, re'bel, pro'test

Tuy nhiên, tất từ có hai âm tiết vừa danh từ, vừa động từ theo quy tắc

Một số từ có trọng âm đặt âm tiết thứ nhất: 'purchase, 'promise, 'answer Một số từ có trọng âm đặt âm tiết thứ hai: con'trol, surprise, pa'rade

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36 Bài 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced

differently from the others

1.A bridesmaid B season C sandwich D proposal

2.A complication B custom C community D communicate

3.A ritual B Russia C social D nation

4.A mirror B sticky C gift D bride

5.A ceremony B careful C standard D servive

6.A engagement B changeable C prestigious D superstitious

7.A mystery B myself C myriad D myth

8.A superstition B stocking C occasion D asleep

9.A scatter B value C adult D vary

10.A chocolate B characteristic C children D change

Bài 2: Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the others

1.A alert B alter C altar D album

2.A ancestor B article C assignment D additive

3.A decent B descent C detect D debate

4.A venture B object C magpie D fortune

5.A deplete B balloon C arrange D impact

6.A prefer B present C prepare D pretend

7.A react B remain C rebel D refuse

8.A image B immigrate C imitate D import

9.A percent B perfect C perform D perhaps

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37 Bài 3: Look at the stress patterns of the sets of words below and

practise saying them correctly Nhìn vào mẫu trọng âm từ bên

dưới thực hành nói cho in‟crease (v)

de‟crease (v) per‟fect (v) pre‟sent (v) re‟bel (v) con‟trast (v) re‟cord (v)

„increase (n) „decrease (n) „perfect (adj) „present (adj, n) „rebel (n)

„contrast (n) „record (n)

Bài 4: Read the sentences and decide what stress pattern the words in bold have.

Đọc câu định kiểu trọng âm từ in đậm có

1 There is an increase in the number of Vietnamese women taking the roles of leaders in their organisations

2 You need to perfect yourself in order to look for a perfect life partner For some teenagers, when they rebel against their parents, they act

as rebels

4 If you volunteer to present about that cultural aspect, you will get

a presentfrom the teacher

5 If you really want to get to know about their culture, you need to go there

to record their daily activities as well as festivals

Bài 5: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences :

1 I‟m kind of superstitious the number 13

A of B about C with D at

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A B C D

3 Hair color is one of characteristics to be used in identifying people

A the most obviously

B most obvious C obviously the

most

D the most obvious The gap between the sides is not it was

A as wide as B the wider as C the widest as D wide than

5 He is not he used to be A such good as a

player as

B such a good player as

C so good as a teacher

D as a teacher as good

6 Brian has been working since he was promoted

A much harder B as harder C more hardly D far hardly

7 Unfortunately, her illness was we thought A the seriousest B the most serious C more seriouc

than

D seriouser than In households where the father works full time and the mother works part time or not at all, the distribution of labor when it comes to childcare and housekeeping is

A as balanced B more balanced C less balanced D least balanced

9 Division of the labor between mothers and fathers is regarding playing or doing activities with children

A as even as B more even C most even D more even

10 Kate is learning to play piano

A the B a C  D some

11 The club has members from many different cultural

A nations B features C manners D backgrounds

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A usual B normal C similar D common

13 Thank you That was very nice lunch

A a B an C the D 

14 Halley was excited to be his friend‟s in his wedding

A close man B closest man C best man D better man

15 Get off the bus it stops

A so quick as B so fast as C so soon as D as soon as

16 After lunch, we went for a walk by sea

A the / the B  /  C  / the D the / 

17 The French language lost its official , And English became the speech not only of the common people but of courts and parliament as well

A pretigious B prestige SC fame D famous

18 I never listen to radio In fact I haven‟t got radio

A a / a B a / the C the / the D the / a

19 Today, fathers are taking role in caring for children and helping out around the house

A a more active B more active C the more active D as active

20 We live at third house from the church

A the B a C an D 

Bài 6: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences :

1 The bride is accompanied by the groom during the wedding ceremony

A bridegroom B bridesmaid C broom D bride

2 What is the similarity between Vietnamese culture and Thai culture? A That sounds interesting

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C That‟s true They don‟t know much about this D I think it is food

3 It can be seen that these cultures have lot of things in common

4 Taking part in social activities and interacting with different cultures widen their knowledge and gradually them

A nature B mature C future D picture

5 “Jim is more popular than any other painter in this district” has the closest meaning to:

A Another painter is more popular than Jim B Jim is more popular than no other painter in this district

C Jim is the more popular than any other painter in this district D Jim is the most popular painter in this district

6 He has worked as coordinator for more than years

7 Older athletes are getting faster and than in the past

A fitter B fittest C fit D more fit

8 Mount Everest is mountain on the earth

A the tallest B the taller C tall D tallest

9 My closest friend is looking forward to receiving a scholarship to study at a university in Italy

10 Before the wedding, the groom usually asks her brother, best friend or father to be his best man

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11 Today‟s top sports people receive a lot money than in the past

A much B many C more D most

12 Pain killers are much now than in the past

A effective B more effective C most effective D the more effective

13 Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the others

A increase B bridesmaid C wedding D workforce

14 That was probably enjoyable meal I‟ve ever had

A least B less C the less D the least

A contrast B courage C venture D legend

16 Our atmosphere is gradually becoming more and polluted

A much B many C more D most

17 “ ” in the sentence below is not correct:

We didn‟t realize that it was the most fastest way to cross the country A B C D

In fact, France has a more lower overall medal total than Russia A B C D

A bulky B altar C employ D object

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42 Bài 7: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences :

1 Alan and Susie an argument They‟re not speaking to each other

A must have B might have C must have had D might had

2 Many old people don‟t like change They are very set in their

A life B habits C routines D ways

3 Under the circumstances it be best to wait for a few weeks

A seemed B ought C might D should

4 Some people are interested in animals than in other people

A further B far more C much D most

5 For this recipe to be successful, you cook the meat for at least hours in a moderate oven

A need B must C ought D will

6 He doen‟t travel he used to

A more than B as much than C as much as D more than as

7 I‟m afraid we can‟t raise your this year The company‟s operating on a very tight budget

A salary B promotion C job D equality

Ducks are less susceptible to infection as other types of poultry A B C D

9 are surprisingly widespread, including a fear of Friday the 13th and a belief in good-luck charms

A Superstitions B Superstitious C Traditions D Custom

10 People aren‟t working because it is a holiday The children go to school either

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11 Cultural is the equality of different cultures, as opposed to monoculture, as in the global monoculture, or the variety of human societies or cultures in specific region, or in the world as a whole

A equality B difference C distinct D diversity

One of the more beautiful botanical gardens in the US is the wild and lovely Magnolia Garden

A B C D

Bài 8: Find 12 words or phrases related to weddings in the word

square Tìm 12 từ cụm từ liên quan đến đám cưới ô vuông

Example: wedding

Bài 9: Complete the questions about weddings in your culture with the correct form of the words in Then answer these questions or

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bạn hình thức từ Sau trả lời câu hỏi hỏi học sinh khác

1 Where is the usually held: at home or in church? Is there usually a after the ceremony?

3 Does the groom have a at the ceremony? Does the bride have any with her?

5 How many are usually invited?

6 Do the couples traditionally go on their _ after the wedding?

Bài 10: Study the table about three countries on another planet Write three sentences with the comparative and three sentences with the superlative forms of the adjectives given.

Nghiên cứu bảng ba quốc gia hành tinh khác Viết ba câu với câu so sánh ba câu với dạng so sánh tính từ đưa

big high low long small short

Dreamland Fantasy Wonderland

Area (sq km.) 7.8 million Population 18

million 10 million 30 million 9.2 million 270 million

Life expectancy (years) 74 75 76

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45 Bài 11: Choose the word or phrase ( A, B , C or D) that best fits each space in the following passage

Throughout the world there are different (1) _ for people to greet each other In much of the world, a handshake is the common form of welcoming and greeting someone In many countries around the Mediterranean Sea a light kiss on the cheek is the appropriate way to welcome friends and family It can be a very (2) _ surprise if you expect to shake hands and get a kiss or a hug instead

At times, it is difficult to tell what sort of greeting (3) _ is followed People may bow, wave another‟s arm or even slap the other person on the back In some places people just smile, look at (4) _ face and say nothing

Most people in the world are tolerant of, visitors and don‟t mind what travelers that seems wrong as long as the visitors are (5) _ A big part of the delightfulness of world travel is experiencing different customs

1.A means B ways C methods D techniques

2.A huge B large C big D great

3.A habit B routine C custom D tradition

4.A each other B the others C theirs D the other‟s

5.A sincere B truthful C faithful D hopeful

Bài 12: Choose the word or phrase ( A, B , C or D) that best fits each space in the following passage

As our world shrinks everyday and people are travelling all over the

world, we are all being exposed to more varieties fro cultures But we don‟t always have to (1) home to meet people from all over the world Just look in the backyard of your own hometown, city and state We are all now more a (2) of a truly global culture than ever before We are now meeting, dating, falling in love and marrying people of many different cultural and religious (3) than oue town

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incorporate culture items in the theme of your wedding Traditions can be small subtle things that (6) the couple‟s faimlies‟ heritages Or you can make your cultural or religious traditions the rmain theme for your wedding Cultural (7) is one way to personalize your wedding Or you can have special segments to promote our and or your fiance‟s heritage It is a nice and easy way to incorporate personal pride in your ancestry, especially today when more couples are multiculture ones Each and evey culture is rich in wedding customs and traditions (8) up your special day with a salute to your heritage Or you can start your own traditions or borrow from another culture‟s customs and traditions Then some couples will have a traditional Western ceremony and then a special ceremony from their own like a Korean tea ceremony

1.A leave B move C change D build

2.A role B part C lot D number

3.A knowledge B expertise C qualifications D backgrounds

4.A near B close C by D with

5.A is B being C uses D using

6.A present B represent C symbol D make

7.A variety B wealth C diversity D abundance

8.A Spice B Put C Give D Salt

Do you avoid walking under ladders? Do black cats make you (1) ? Some people care very superstitous They carry a lucky charm such as a rabbit‟s foot everywhere they go Why is a rabbit lucky?

Because it‟s born with its eyes open, of course!

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Superstitous people think they can turn bad luck (4) They “knock on wood” to avoid jinxing themselves For example, if you say “I‟ve never broken a limb” you should immediately search for a table to knock on to avoid a (5) of luck You may break your leg tomorrow if you don‟t

Many superstitions are related to money For example, if you give money away on Mondays, you‟ll give money away all week long If you leave your purse on the floor, you‟ll go broke Gamblers (6) notoriously superstitious If you‟re in a casino, never get up to use the washroom You‟re lucky streak will go down the toilet

Superstitions (7) from culture to culture A superstitious African mother won‟t cut her baby‟s hair before her child‟s first birthday! In Mexico, a bride must not wear pearls on her wedding day Pearls symbolize tears and an unhappy marriage

Are you superstitious? How would you (8) if someone opened an umbrella in your living room?

1.A nerve B nervous C nervously D nervousness

2.A inexplainable B imexplainable C unexplainable D disexplainable

3.A why B how C what D when

4.A on B up C off D away

5.A reverse B reversal C reversing D reversed

6.A have B get C are D

7.A move B different C diverse D differ

8.A react B reacting C reacted D reaction

Bài 14: Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that best fits each space in the following passage

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restaurants In the end, they will be much better for your digestion You may also find it useful to call the restaurant in advance and state that you will be eating alone You will probably get better service and almost certainly a better table Finally, and most importantly, anticipate your travel needs as a businesswoman; this starts with lightweight luggage which you can easily manage even when fully packed Take a folding case inside your suitcase; it will come in extremely handy 15 for dirty clothes, as well as for business documents and papers you no longer need on the trip And make sure you have a briefcase so that you can keep currently required papers separate Obviously, experience helps, but you make things easier on yourself from the first by careful planning, so that right from the start you really 20 can have a good trip!

1 Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?

A．A greater percentage of women are advancing professionally in the U.S

than before

B．Professional men refuse to go with women on business trips

C．Each year there are more women tourists in the United States

D．Businesswomen become successful by showing a willingness to travel

alone

2 In this passage, what advice does the author have for married women? A Stay home and take care of your family

B Encourage your husband and kids to be happy and have fun while you are away

C Help your family learn to prepare food for themselves

D Have your whole family take gourment cooking classes together

3 Why are better restautants especially preferable for frequent travellers? A The food is usually better for your health

B The tables are better

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4．Why is lightweight luggage important for the traveling businesswomen?

A．It provides space for dirty clothes

B．It allows for mobility

C．It can double as a briefcase

D．It is usually big enough to carry all business documents

5 Which of the following is closest meaning to the word “papers”?

A newspapers B certificates C contracts D documents

One custom that gives insight into people‟s history and values is the way they greet one another There is a wide range of greetings around the world These range from the common handshake to other strange rituals found in some countries Let‟s take a look at how the simple action of greeting someone differs greatly from place to place

In the United States and Canada, for example, a simple handshake or nod is the norm The handshake has an interesting origin: it started long ago as a way of showing people that you weren‟t carrying a weapon Shaking the person‟s right hand while looking him or her in the eye is the usual method Handshakes are also common in other parts of the world, including Britain and Russia In Russia, males grasp other men‟s hands very strongly during the handshake Handshakes are also how most people in New Zealand greet each other However, the native Maori people of that country display more physical contact: they press their noses together in a sign of trust and closeness

In other countries, such as France and Belgium, hugging and kissing are more common when two people meet In those cultures, people kiss each other on the cheeks The number of times varies depending on the particular country In Saudi Arabia, men might hug and kiss each other (but not a woman) on the cheek Men will also shake hands with other men there In some Eastern countries, including Korea and Japan, bowing is the traditional greeting In Japan, the deeper the bow, the deeper the respect shown The strangest custom, though, is likely in Tibet People there opt to stick out their tongue to greet others

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A The importance of handshakes all around the world

B The origins and histories of various greetings

C The strangest types of greetings on Earth

D The wide range of greeting customs in the world

2 Which of the following sentence is TRUE?

A People in Russia, but not England, shake hands

B The number of times people kiss on the cheek varies

C In the past, people nodded If they weren‟t carrying a

weapon

D You shouldn‟t look at people when shaking their

hands in the United States How most people in New Zealand greet each other? -

A With a handshake B By pressing noses together

C With a kiss on the cheek D By sticking cut their tongue

4 Which type of country is NOT mentioned in the reading?

A A North American country B A European country

C A South American country D An Asean country

5 What can be inferred about getting customs in Saudi Arabia?

A Men shake hands with women when meeting them for the first time B It‟s not proper for men to kiss women when they meet

C Women not kiss other women when they meet

D Women can kiss men, but men can‟t kiss women when they meet

Bài 16: Read a text about common wedding rituals in the USA and answer the questions that follow (Đọc văn nghi lễ cưới phổ biến Hoa Kỳ trả lời câu hỏi sau).

Common Wedding Rituals in the USA

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nineteenth century is about what a bride should wear on her wedding day It is commonly believed that on her wedding day, the bride should carry with her 'something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue‟ This is because each of these things has a special meaning for the bride on this big day

When a bride wears 'something old‟, it reminds her of her family and the past Thus, some brides may wear their mother's wedding dress or a piece of her jewellery

'Something new‟ that the bride wears means good luck and hope for a happy future with her husband This new item is usually a pair of new shoes, or it can be the wedding dress or something else

When the bride wears 'something borrowed‟, it symbolizes the help and support she gets from her friends and her family whenever she needs it An example of 'something borrowed‟ can be a married friend's bridal veil or a friend's handkerchief

'Something blue‟ means trust and faith between the bride and the groom Nowadays, some brides are creative with this item For example, they may have their fingernails painted blue Nevertheless, the most popular blue item is the garter that the bride wears on her leg

Things are changing fast these days; however, the rituals about what the bride should wear on her wedding day remain kept strictly by a lot of women in the USA

*New words:

-Common Wedding Rituals: Nghi lễ cưới chung - bridal veil: mạng che mặt cô dâu

- trust and faith: niềm tin niềm tin

1 When did the tradition about what the bride should wear on her wedding day start?

A From the 8th century

B From the 9th century

C From the 18th century

D From the 19th century

2 What might the bride wear to remind her of her family and the past? A Her mother's wedding dress

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D A blue garter

3 Which item symbolizes good luck and hope for a happy future? A Something old

B Something new C Something borrowed D Something blue

4 When the bride wears something borrowed, what does it symbolize? A Her past memories

B Her wish for a better future

C Support from her family and friends

D The trust and faith between the bride and the groom Why some brides have their fingernails painted blue? A To show the importance of something blue they wear

B Because so many brides paint their fingernails a blue colour C To show how creative some brides are

D To explain why some brides don't wear blue garters

Bài 17: Read a text about Chinese zodiac signs and answer the

questions that follow (Đọc văn cung hoàng đạo Trung

Quốc trả lời câu hỏi bên dưới)

Chinese zodiac signs are different animal signs for each year Many people believe it is possible to tell a person's personality based on his or her zodiac signs

For example:

Rats are people born in 1972,1984, 1996, 2008 They are believed to be generous, charming, and creative The suitable jobs for them are writers and critics

Oxen or Bulls are people born in 1973, 1985, 1997, 2009 These people are mentally alert, strong leaders, and good with their hands Among the professions, they make good surgeons and hairdressers

Monkeys are people born in 1968,1980,1992,2004 These people are clever, skillful, and flexible As for professions, they make good scientists and bankers

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The Chinese zodiac is used in countries that historically have had a lot of cultural exchange with China, such as Viet Nam, Japan, and Korea Most Western cultures use the Greek Zodiac, not the Chinese Zodiac Nevertheless, the Chinese zodiac and the Greek zodiac have a lot of similar points For example, they both use animals as symbols

*New words:

-zodiac signs: biểu tượng cung hoàng đạo - charming: duyên dáng

- mentally alert, strong leaders: cảnh giác tinh thần, lãnh đạo mạnh mẽ - good surgeons: bác sĩ phẫu thuật giỏi

- Roosters: gà trống - adventurous: phiêu lưu What are Rats like?

=>……… What jobs are suitable for Oxen or Bulls?

=>……… What are Monkeys like?

=>……… How are Roosters described?

=>……… What is an example of similarities between the Greek zodiac and the Chinese

zodiac?

=>………

Bài 18: Finding your star sign

Look at the star signs below Which one is yours? Find other students in your class who were born under the same star sign as you Do you have anything in common?

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55 Bài 19: Read about your star sign personality What you think about the description? Work with the students born under the same star and compare yourself with others Share with the whole class.

Đọc cá tính chịm bạn Bạn nghĩ mơ tả này? Làm việc với bạn sinh chịm so sánh với người khác Chia sẻ với lớp

1 Aries people (born from 21st March to 19th April) have a lot of energy, enthusiasm, and strong will They like challenges and always pursue their plans with determination They are creative and ambitious

2 Taurus people (born from 20th April to 20th May) are quiet, patient and

relaxed They are gentle and charming, have a good sense of humour, and enjoy simple and healthy lifestyle

3 Gemini people (born from 21st May to 21st June) are clever and adapt easily They learn quickly and communicate well with people However, they tend to be rebellious

4 Cancer people (born from 22nd June to 22nd July) are sensitive and gentle, and like to dream They have a great imagination and a very good memory They are also good at saving and looking after their money

5 Leo people (born from 23rd July to 22nd August) are very ambitious, organised

and controlling Leos often need to be admired as they aim for the top They have a strong body, and love entertainment, sports and other activities

6 Virgo people (born from 23rd August to 22nd September) like order, organisation, and perfection They are always willing to help and are not afraid of hard work They are modest and shy, and don't like to be the centre of everybody's attention

7 Libra people (born from 23rd September to 23rd October) love justice, balance

and harmony However, they can be too easygoing and sometimes not take work too seriously

8 Scorpio people (born from 24th October to 21st November) have a lot of

passion, strong feelings and will power They are idealistic, but sometimes difficult to control They are also good at keeping secrets

9 Sagittarius people (born from 22nd November to 21st December) are independent, optimistic and outgoing They love to travel, explore foreign places and discover Freedom is very important for them

10 Capricorn people (born from 22nd December to 19th January) are

ambitious, logical, and intelligent They have a strong will power and patience to reach their goals and success Sometimes, they seem distant, insensitive and closed to the ideas of others

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12 Pisces people (born from 19th February to 20th March) are very

emotional, sensitive, and caring for people in pain They can be idealistic and unable to tell the difference between reality and imagination

*New words:

- rebellious /rɪˈbeljəs/adj ương ngạnh

- sensitive and gentle: nhạy cảm dịu dàng

- ambitious: đầy tham vọng

- organised and controlling: tổ chức kiểm soát - modest and shy: khiêm tốn nhút nhát

- justice, balance and harmony: công lý, cân hài hòa - easygoing: dễ dãi

- idealistic: tâm

- optimistic and outgoing: lạc quan hướng ngoại - insensitive: vô cảm >< sensitive: nhạy cảm

Bài 20: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it

means the same as the sentence printed before it

1 Most people get fewer colds in the summer than in the winter

 A person is She reminded her daughters of their table manners

 She wanted Twice as many men as women are insurrance agents

 Male insurrance agents The truck is practically as cheap as a van

 The truck is little He makes a better husband than father

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6 Haven‟t you got any cheaper televisions?

 Are these ? I had expected the weather to be worse

 The weather was She had never been so happy before

 She was unhappier She knows a lot more about it than I

 I don‟t know 10 There are more people out of work in this country than ever before

 Never 11 She speaks more persuasively than his brother

 Her brother 12 It is a good idea to study Mars to see if life ever existed there

 We 13 If you run a lot, you‟ll get fitter

 The 14 Fish and meat are at the same price in some countries

 Fish costs 15 You must not smoke here

 You are

Bài 21: Complete the second sentence so that it has the same

meaning to the first one

1 The film I saw last week was better than this one ( good )

 This film the one I saw last week

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58  These days Mary is she used to be There are ver few buildings in the old city higher than this ( one )

 This is buildings in the old city I can‟t believe this is the best room there is ( better )

 There must this one My house is as big as Peter‟s ( same )

 Peter‟s house mine Louisa does a full-time job and looks after the house too ( well )

 Louisa does a full-time job the house “I‟d love to be the same height as my sister” said Jolie enviously ( tall )

 Jolie wishes her sister Dinner will be served immediately upon our arrival at the hotel ( soon )

 Dinner will be served at the hotel Take my advice and don‟t drink so much whisky ( if )

 I‟d drink you 10 Dan thinks English food is better than French food ( prefers )

 Dan French food

Bài 22: Give the correct form of the words in brackets:

1 The ceremony is one of the stages of a Vietnamese traditional wedding ( propose )

2 Before a wedding ceremony, there must be an ceremony (engage )

3 As a rule of thumb, a number of superstitious people choose a ……… date before starting something ( favour )

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5 Working as a volunteer provides you with opportunities to know more about cultural ( diverse )

6 If you want to get on well with your colleagues, you should pay

to some common features of their cultures ( attend ) He is trying to work hard so that he is promoted to a higher and more position ( prosper )

8 After he had flirted her for a long time, they fell in love ( gradual )

9 It cannot be denied that superstitious exist in many cultures ( believe )

10 After the wedding day, the of couples leave on honeymoon in a very romantic places ( major )

Bài 23: Rearrange the words / phrases to make meaningful

sentences:

1 most / he / the / polite / is / I / met / have / man / ever

……… the / Alan / third / best / is / in / competition / the

……… active / is / she / less / her / than / classmates

……….……… considered / obesity / can / be / be / one / to / of the / serious / healt / most / problems/ =>……… ……… achievement / in / information / technology / and will / made / be / scientists / more / by / and / more / =>……… ………

Bài 24: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning

to the first sentence, using the superlative form of the adjectives

given (Hoàn thành câu thứ hai để có ý nghĩa tương tự với câu đầu

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1 Mount Everest is higher than every mountain in the world (high)

……….……… No ocean in the world is deeper than the Pacific (deep)

……….……… Many people believe that no sea in the world is warmer than the Red Sea

(warm)

……….……… The Nile is longer than any other river in the world (long)

……….……… Russia is bigger than any other country in the world (big)

……….………

Bài 25: Underline the mistakes with articles in the following

sentences about superstitions around the world Write the correct one

(a/an, the, or ϕ) in the space provided.

Gạch chân sai sót với mạo từ câu sau mê tín dị đoan khắp giới Viết (a/ an, the, or ϕ) vào khoảng trống

cung cấp

1 In Thailand, if a woman sings in a kitchen, she will marry a very old man. _

2 In the Brazil, if you eat lentils on 151January, you will make a lot of money during the year. _

3 In Korea, if a man smiles a lot during his wedding, his first child won't be the boy, it will be the girl.

4 In United Kingdom, if a cat washes behind its ears, it will rain. _ In Turkey, if you see a spider in your house, you will have the

visitors.

6 In Venezuela, if you give someone a handkerchief as a gift, you won't have the good relationship with that person

Bài 26: Complete the sentences with a, an or the, or tick (√) them if

they are correct without an article.

Hoàn thành câu với a, a hoặc, đánh dấu (√) chúng xác ko có mạo từ

1 _ People from England who went to live in North America nearly 400 years ago were called Pilgrims

2 These people wanted to start new life in new country, but they faced a lot of difficulties because they didn't know anything about the new land

3 The Pilgrims didn't know how to grow _ food or build homes, so a lot of them became very ill

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5 Squanto and Samoset became friends with the Pilgrims and gave them a lot of advice about how to grow food and build homes to make their lives easier

6 That year, things were going a lot better for the Pilgrims, thanks to _ help of Squanto and Samoset

7 They had food and warm homes for the winter, so they wanted to say thank you to their native American friends

8 They invited these friends and their families to _ special meal It was first Thanksgiving dinnerwith turkey, fish, green beans, and soup

Bài 27: Use the prompts given to write questions about marriage customs in Viet Nam Then write your answers in the space provided.

Sử dụng hướng dẫn để viết câu hỏi phong tục hôn nhân Việt Nam Sau viết câu trả lời bạn vào khoảng trống cung cấp

1 How old/ people usually/ when/ get married/?

……….……… there/ engagement period?/ How long/ it/?

……….……… Where/ wedding ceremony/ usually held/?

……….………

4 What/happen/during/ceremony/?

……….……… What/ bride/ groom/ usually wear/?

……….……… there/ reception/ after/ ceremony/?

……….……… What type/ food/ served/ at/ reception/?

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……….……… Where/ couples/ like/ go/ their honeymoon/?

……….………

10 How long/ honeymoon/?

……….………

Bài 28: Write a paragraph (of approximately 150-180 words) about marriage customs in Viet Nam, using your answers to the questions in

bài 27 (Viết đoạn văn (khoảng 150-180 từ) phong tục hôn nhân

tại Việt Nam, sử dụng câu trả lời cho câu hỏi 27) You may write about:

1 What happens before the wedding?

2 What happens during the wedding ceremony?

3 What happens after the wedding?

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