study on adhesion between emulsion and mineral aggregates from various sources applying in chip seal in takeo province, cambodia

VIETNAM hNATIONAL hUNIVERSITY hHOCHIMINH hCITY HOCHIMINH hCITY hUNIVERSITY hOF hTECHNOLOGY - DUK HENG A STUDY ON ADHESION BETWEEN EMULSION AND MINERAL AGGREGATES FROM VARIOUS SOURCES APPLYING IN CHIP SEAL IN TAKEO PROVINCE, CAMBODIA MAJOR: TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING MAJOR CODE: 60580205 MASTER DEGREE THESIS HOCHIMINH CITY–Feb 2020 i CƠNG hTRÌNH hĐƯỢC hHỒN hTHÀNH hTẠI TRƯỜNG hĐẠI hHỌC hBÁCH hKHOA h–ĐHQG h-HCM Cán hbộ hhướng hdẫn hkhoa hhọc h: hPGS.TS hNguyễn hMạnh hTuấn h Cán hbộ hchấm hnhận hxét h1 h: h PGS.TS hLê hAnh hThắng h Cán hbộ hchấm hnhận hxét h2 h: hTS hLê hVăn hPhúc h Luận hvăn hthạc hsĩ hđược hbảo hvệ htại hTrường hĐại hhọc hBách hKhoa, hĐHQG hTp HCM hngày h11 htháng h01 hnăm h2020 h Thành hphần hHội hđồng hđánh hgiá hluận hvăn hthạc hsĩ hgồm: hChủ htịch hhội hđồng: hTS hLê hBá hKhánh hThư hký: hTS hHuỳnh hNgọc hThi hPhản hbiện h1: h PGS.TS hLê hAnh hThắng hPhản hbiện h2: hTS hLê hVăn hPhúc hỦy hviên: hPGS.TS hNguyễn hMạnh hTuấn Xác hnhận hcủa hChủ htịch hHội hđồng hđánh hgiá hLV hvà hTrưởng hKhoa hquản hlý chuyên hngành hsau hkhi hluận hvăn hđã hđược hsửa hchữa h(nếu hcó) h CHỦ TỊCH HỘI ĐỒNG TS hLê hBá hKhánh TRƯỞNG hKHOA hKỸ hTHUẬT hXÂY hDỰNG PGS.TS Lê Anh Tuấn ii ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP HCM TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA 323 CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập – Tự – Hạnh phúc 323 NHIỆM VỤ LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ h h h h h Họ htên hhọc hviên: DUK HENG MSHV: 1779003 Ngày, tháng, năm sinh: 10/08/1991 Nơi sinh: Campuchia Chun hngành: hKỹ hthuật hxây hdựng hcơng htrình hgiao hthông h Mã hsố: 60580205 I TÊN ĐỀ TÀI: “Nghiên cứu khả dính bám nhũ tương nhựa với đá từ số nguồn sử dụng áo đường láng nhựa Tỉnh Takeo, Campuchia”, “A Study on Adhesion between Emulsion and Mineral Aggregates from Various Sources Applying in Chip Seal in Takeo Province, Cambodia” II NHIỆM VỤ VÀ NỘI DUNG:  Thí nghiệm xác định tính chất đá từ nguồn khác  Xác định mát đá theo thí nghiệm quét bề mặt Sweep ASTM D7000  Xác định độ dính bám theo thí nghiệm va đập Vialit BS EN 12272-3  Xác định độ dính bám theo thí nghiệm TCVN 8817-15:2011  Sử dụng phương pháp phân tích hình ảnh vào thí nghiệm TCVN 8817-15:2011  So sánh độ dính bám đá với nhũ tương từ thí nghiệm khác  Xác hđịnh hmối hquan hhệ htương hquan hgiữa hcác htham hsố htrong hthí hnghiệm htrên III NGÀY hGIAO hNHIỆM hVỤ: 19/08/2019 IV NGÀY hHOÀN hTHÀNH hNHIỆM hVỤ: 08/12/2019 V CÁN hBỘ hHƯỚNG hDẪN: PGS.TS Nguyễn Mạnh Tuấn Tp HCM, ngày 19 tháng 08 năm 2019 CÁN hBỘ hHƯỚNG hDẪN PGS.TS Nguyễn Mạnh Tuấn CHỦ NHIỆM BỘhMÔNhĐÀO TẠO PGS.TS Nguyễn Mạnh Tuấn TRƯỞNG KHOA KỸ THUẬT XÂY DỰNG PGS.TS Lê Anh Tuấn iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I kwould kfirst klike kto kthank kmy kadvisor kMr kNguyen kManh kTuan k(PH.D, Assoc kProf), kHead kof kDepartment kof kBridge kand kHighway kEngineering kat k Hochiminh kCity kUniversity kof kTechnology, kVietnam kThe kdoor kto khis koffice kand k his ktime kwere kalways kopened kwhenever kI kran kinto ktrouble kspot kor kwhenever kI k had kquestions kabout kmy kresearch kand kthesis kHe khelps kme kand ksteered kme kin kthe k right kdirection kwhenever khe kthought kI kneeded kit k I kwould kalso klike kto kthank kto kthe kLaboratory kin kDepartment kof kBridge kand Highway kEngineering kat kHochiminh kCity kUniversity kof kTechnology-Vietnam kand k the kLaboratory kof kConstruction kand kPublic kWorks-Cambodia kthat kallowed kme kto k accomplish kmy klaboratory ktests kWithout ktheir kpassionate kparticipation kand khelps, k my klaboratory ktests kcould knot khave kbeen ksuccessfully kconducted k Finally, kI kmust kexpress kmy kvery kprofound kgratitude kto kmy kparents, kto kmy brother kand ksister, kmy krelatives, kmy klecturers kat kDepartment kof kBridge kand k Highway kEngineering, kand kmy kco-workers kat kPublic kWorks kand kTransport k Department k(Ministry kof kPublic kWorks kand kTransport) kfor kproviding kme kwith k unfailing ksupport kand kcontinuous kencouragement kthroughout kmy kyears kof k studying kand kthrough kthe kprocess kof kmy kresearching kand kwriting kthis kthesis kThis k accomplishment kwould knot khave kbeen kpossible kwithout kthem k Thank kyou! DUK HENG iv TÓM TẮT LUẬN VĂN Áo hđường hláng hnhựa hlà hloại hmặt hđường hđược hsử hdụng hrất hphổ hbiến htrên hthế giới hhiện hnay hnói hchung hvà hở hCampuchia hnói hriêng hbiệt hvì hloại hmặt hđường hláng h nhựa hcó hnhiều hhiệu hquả hvề hmặt hchi hphí hvà hthi hcơng hĐể háp hdụng hloại hmặt hđường h hmột hcách hhiệu hquả htrên hcác htuyến hđường, hta hnhất hthiết hcần hkiểm hsoát hvà hhạn h chế hđược hcác hhư hhỏng hthường hxảy hra htrong hmặt hđường hláng hnhựa hHai hhình hthức h hư hhỏng hcủa hmặt hđường hláng hnhựa hmà hđáng hquan htâm hnhất hlà hhiện htượng htổn hthất h đá hvà hhiện htượng hchảy hnhựa hHai hhiện htượng hhư hhỏng hnày hđều hxảy hra hdo hkhả hnăng h dính hbám hgiữa hcốt hliệu hđá hvới hchất hkết hdính hkhơng htốt hBởi hvậy hcó hrất hnhiều htác h giả htrên hthế hgiới hđã hvà hđang hnghiên hcứu hvề hliên hkết hdính hbám hgiữa hcốt hliệu hđá hvới h chất hkết hdính htrong háo hđường hláng hnhựa, hvà hhọ hcũng hnghiên hcứu hvề hcác hyếu htố h ảnh hhưởng hđến hcơ hchế hlàm hviệc hcủa hliên hkết hđó hKết hquả hnghiên hcứu hcủa hcác hnhà h nghiên hcứu hvà hcác htác hgiả hcho hthấy hnhiều hyếu htố hảnh hhưởng hđến hkhả hnăng hdính h bám hgiữa hcốt hliệu hđá hvà hchất hkết hdính hnhư hloại hchất hkết hdính h(nhựa hthường, hnhũ h tương hnhựa, hnhựa, hhắc hín…), hcác htính hchất hcơ hlý hcủa hcốt hliệu, hnhiệt hđộ, hyếu htố hthi h công hchẳng hhạn h Trong hnghiên hcứu hnày, hđược hthực hhiện hđể hđánh hgiá hkhả hnăng hdính hbám hcốt hliệu hđá hvới hnhũ htương hnhựa hCốt hliệu hđá hđược hthu hthập htừ h5 hmỏ hđá hở h Campuchia hđang hsử hdụng htrong háo hđường hláng hnhựa hở htỉnh hTakeo hViệc hđánh hgiá h khả hnăng hdính hbám hgiữa hcốt hliệu hđá hvới hnhũ htương hnày hnhằm htìm hhiểu hvề hcác hyếu h tố hvà hcác hđiều hkiện hđang hảnh hhưởng htới hchất hlượng háo hđường hláng hnhựa hở h Campuchia hhiện hnay hHơn hnữa, hnghiên hcứu hnày hcũng htìm hhiểu hvà hđưa hra hcác hthí h nghiệm hđánh hgiá hkhả hnăng hdính hbám hgiữa hcốt hliệu hđá hvới hchất hkết hdính hnhũ htương h cho hphù hhợp htrong hviệc hkiểm hsoát hchất hlượng háo hđường hláng hnhựa htrong htương hlai, h hnghiên hcứu hnày hcũng hlà hmột hphần htham hgia hviệc hcập hnhật hquy hchuẩn hvề háo h đường hláng hnhựa hở hCampuchia hcho hhiệu hquả hhơn h v SUMMARY Chip hseal his hkind hof hpavement hsurface htreatment hthat his hpopular huse around hthe hworld hand hespecially hin hmy hcountry-Cambodia hbecause hof hits hcost h effectiveness hand hconstruction hconvenience hTo hget hhigh hquality hchip hseal, htwo h most hpopular htypes hof hdeterioration hin hchip hseal hperformance hshould hbe hcontrolled h and hlimit hto hthe hminimum hThose hdeteriorations hare hraveling h(loss hof haggregate) h and hbleeding hthat hthey hrelate hto hthe hadhesivity hcharacteristics hbetween haggregate h and hasphalt hbinders hMany hstudies hhave hfocused hon hadhesion hbond, hand hfactors h effect hon hadhesion hperformance hbetween haggregate hand hbinder hThey hhave hfound h many hfactors hhave haffected hon hadhesion hbond hbetween haggregate hand hbinder hsuch h as htypes hof hbinder h(conventional hbitumen, hemulsion, hrubberized hbitumen…), h aggregate hcharacteristics, htemperature, hconstruction hetc h This hstudy his hconducted hto hevaluate hthe hadhesion hperformance hbetween emulsion hbinders hand haggregate hfrom h5 hsources hin hCambodia hand hto hinvestigate h whether hany hfactors hor hconditions hcan heffect hon hCambodia hchip hsealing hAlso hwe h are hgoing hto hinvestigate hwhether hany htest hmethod his hsuitable hfor hchip hseal hquality h control hin hthe hfuture hin hCambodia, hand halso hthis hstudy his hkey hto himprove h Cambodian hchip hseal hspecifications hbecome hmore heffective h vi DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I, Duk Heng, the author of this thesis declare that to the best of my education, this thesis entitled “A Study on Adhesion between Emulsion and Mineral Aggregates from Various Sources Applying in Chip Seal in Takeo Province, Cambodia” is my own original work Any ideas, any quotes or any materials from the works of other authors included in my thesis or from other published documents are fully acknowledged according to the standard referencing practices This thesis is now in progress of submitting for the Master ldegree in Transportation Engineering in l Hochiminh City University of Technology This thesis has never been submitted in l l the past for an award of any certification or any degree in any other school yet Hochiminh city, Feb 24, 2020 DUK HENG vii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii SUMMARY v DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP vi CONTENTS vii LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES xi LIST OF EQUATIONS xiv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND 1.2 PROBLEMS STATEMENT 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY 1.4 OUTLINE CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW OF CHIP SEAL .4 2.1 CHIP SEAL DEFINITION 2.2 THE ADVANTAGES OF CHIP SEAL 2.3 CHIP SEAL MATERIALS SELECTION 2.3.1 Aggregate uses in chip seal .8 2.3.1.1 Aggregate types 2.3.1.2 Aggregate application rate .8 2.3.1.3 Aggregate shape .8 2.3.1.4 Aggregate gradation .10 2.3.1.5 Dusty aggregate 11 2.3.2 Chip seal binders 12 2.3.2.1 Cutback asphalts 12 2.3.2.2 Asphalt emulsions 13 2.3.2.3 The benefits of asphalt emulsion binders .17 viii 2.3.2.4 How to store and handling the asphalt emulsions 17 2.4 CHIP SEAL DESIGN THEORY 18 2.5 CONSTRUCTION OF CHIP SEAL 19 2.6 2.5.1.1 Environmental conditions 19 2.5.1.2 Emulsion binder application 19 2.5.1.3 Application of cover aggregate 20 2.5.1.4 Rolling operation 20 2.5.1.5 Sweeping after rolling 21 2.5.1.6 Traffic control 21 2.5.1.7 Removing traffic control 21 CHIP SEAL DISTRESSES 22 2.6.1 Bleeding (flushing) .22 2.6.2 Raveling 22 CHAPTER 3: 3.1 STUDY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 25 MATERIALS 25 3.1.1 Aggregate chips 25 3.1.2 Asphalt binders .29 3.2 EXPERIMENTAL AND TEST METHOD 30 3.2.1 Sweep test ASTM D7000 .30 3.2.1.1 Summary of Sweep test 30 3.2.1.2 Significance and use .30 3.2.1.3 Apparatus .30 3.2.1.4 Materials 33 3.2.1.5 Procedure .34 3.2.1.6 Calculation .36 3.2.2 Vialit test BS EN 12272-3 37 3.2.2.1 Summary of test method 37 ix 3.2.2.2 Significance and use .37 3.2.2.3 Apparatus .38 3.2.2.4 Materials 40 3.2.2.5 Procedure .40 3.2.2.6 Calculation .41 3.2.3 Test method for determining field coating TCVN 8817-15:2011 41 3.2.3.1 Summary test method 41 3.2.3.2 Apparatus .42 3.2.3.3 Procedure .43 3.2.4 Digital image analysis 43 3.2.4.1 Summary of test method 43 3.2.4.2 Apparatus .44 3.2.4.3 Software 44 3.2.4.4 Procedure .44 3.2.4.5 Output result 46 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 48 4.1 PERFORMANCE FROM SWEEP TEST 48 4.2 PERFORMANCE FROM VIALIT ADHESION TEST .51 4.3 PERFORMANCE FROM TEST METHOD FOR DETERMINING FIELD COATING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS APPLICATION .55 4.4 CORRELATIONS BETWEEN AGGREGATE AND TEST METHODS 59 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION 60 5.1 SUMMARY RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS .60 5.2 CONTRIBUTION AND RECOMMENDATION 61 REFERENCES 63 ABOUT AUTHOR 65 Page 61 of 65 CRS-1 It means that CRS-2 emulsion is preferable for water resistance Using image analysis is an effective method to convert TCVN 8817-15 test method from subjective to an objective evaluation  The results from both Vialit test and TCVN 8817-15 indicated that, under lower temperature and under the effect of water, CRS-2 emulsion perform better than CRS-1  Some characteristics of aggregate such as the flakiness index, elongation, the strength of aggregate and water absorption rate have effect on adhesion performance as linear direction Adhesion performance of chip seal decrease when flakiness index, elongation and water absorption rate increase A higher bulk specific gravity of aggregate shows a better adhesion performance than the lower one These are why the characteristics of aggregate should be taken care of to get a successful chip seal  Test method for determining field coating is recommended for investigation the aggregate and emulsion binder adhesion performance when it’s combined with digital image analysis It’s an easy test method and not expensive to conduct this test method for aggregate-emulsion adhesion test 5.2 CONTRIBUTION AND RECOMMENDATION This study indicated adhesion performance between various sources of aggregate and emulsion binders using in Cambodia chip sealing Some aggregate sources show good performance for using in chip seals KT aggregate locates in Kampong Speu province is one of a good source of aggregate for chip seal Aggregate characteristics from KT quarry has a good performance both with CRS-1 and CRS-2 emulsion binders The results from Vialit test and Test method for determining field coating TCVN 8817-15 provided us a good performance of CRS-2 emulsion under the effect of low temperature and water Test method for determining field coating is a suitable test for evaluating the aggregate binder adhesion performance in both laboratory and field Page 62 of 65 Cambodia chip sealing specifications is utilizing the aggregate with the maximum flakiness index 33% From this study the effect of flakiness index of aggregate should be taken care of in advanced to reduce both bleeding and raveling distresses in Cambodia chip sealing The effect of the flakiness index on chip loss should be continued to study for other aggregate sources in Cambodia to make this specifications more suitable for Cambodia chip seal in the future Page 63 of 65 REFERENCES [1] D D Gransberg and D M James, Chip seal best practices Transportation Research Board, 2005 [2] RID, "Cambodian roads updated report," Road Infrastructure Department2016 [3] S Senadheera, R W Tock, M S Hossain, B Yazgan, and S Das, "A testing and evaluation protocol to assess seal coat binder-aggregate compatibility," 2006 [4] T J Wood, D W Janisch, and F S Gaillard, "Minnesota seal coat handbook 2006," 2006 [5] N W McLeod, "Basic principles for the design and construction of seal coats and surface treatments with cutback asphalts and asphalt cements," in Assoc Asphalt Paving Technol Proc, 1960 [6] D D Gransberg, "Correlating chip seal performance and construction methods," Transportation research record, vol 1958, no 1, pp 54-58, 2006 [7] D D Gransberg and M Zaman, "Analysis of Aggregates and Binders Used for the ODOT Chip Seal Program (FHWA-OK-10-03 2221)," 2010 [8] Estakri, "Revised TxDOT Seal Coat and Surface Treatment Manual," 2003 [9] F M Hanson, "Bituminous surface treatment of rural highways," 1934 [10] J P Kearby, "Tests and theories on penetration surfaces," in Highway Research Board Proceedings, 1953, vol 32 [11] N W Mcleod, "A general method of design for seal coats and surface treatments," in Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists Proc, 1969 [12] F J Benson and B M Gallaway, "RETENTION OF COVERSTONE BY ASPHALT SURFACE TREATMENTS," 1953 [13] J A Epps, B M Gallaway, and C H Hughes, "Field manual on design and construction of seal coats," United States Dept of Transportation Office of the Secretary1981 [14] G Jackson and D Brien, "Asphaltic concrete Shell International Petroleum Co Ltd," ed: London, 1962 Page 64 of 65 [15] W R Stockton and J A Epps, "Seal coat economics and design," in "Engineering economy and energy considerations," 1975 [16] Construction Specification; Section Bituminous Works, 2003 [17] S Shuler, "Chip seals for high traffic pavements," Transportation Research Record, vol 1259, pp 24-34, 1990 [18] S Shuler, Manual for emulsion-based chip seals for pavement preservation Transportation Research Board, 2011 [19] ASTM D7000-08 Standard test method for sweep test of bituminous emulsion surface treatment samples, 2004 [20] BS EN 12272-Part Determination of Binder Aggregate Adhesivity by the Vialit Plate Shock Test Method, 2003 [21] Test Method for Determining Field Coating, 2011 [22] C Lantieri et al., "Use of image analysis for the evaluation of rolling bottle tests results," International Journal of Pavement Research Technology, vol 10, no 1, pp 45-53, 2017 [23] H Källén, A Heyden, K Åström, and P Lindh, "Measuring and evaluating bitumen coverage of stones using two different digital image analysis methods," Measurement, vol 84, pp 56-67, 2016 [24] D.-W Park, W.-J Seo, J Kim, and H V Vo, "Evaluation of moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixture using liquid anti-stripping agents," Construction Building Materials, vol 144, pp 399-405, 2017 [25] S Amelian, S M Abtahi, and S M Hejazi, "Moisture susceptibility evaluation of asphalt mixes based on image analysis," Construction Building Materials, vol 63, pp 294-302, 2014 [26] T Ferreira and W Rasband, "ImageJ user guide," vol 1, pp 155-161, 2012 [27] I Arganda-Carreras, V Kaynig, J Schindelin, A Cardona, and H Seung, "Trainable Weka segmentation: a machine learning tool for microscopy image segmentation," Neuroscience, vol 2014, pp 73-80, 2014 Page 65 of 65 ABOUT AUTHOR  Surname/First name: DUK HENG  Date of birth: 10/08/1991  Place of birth: Takeo Province, Cambodia  Place of residence: Phnom Penh city, Cambodia  Contact Email: hengengineer2016@gmail.com EDUCATION  2010-2016: Graduated Bachelor degree in Civil Engineering from National University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi city, Vietnam  2018-Present: Studying Master degree in Transportation Engineering at Hochiminh City University of Technology, Hochiminh city, Vietnam WORK EXPERIENCE  2016-Present: Civil Engineer at Ministry of Public Works and Transport, Cambodia Hochiminh city, February 24, 2020 DUK HENG DUK HENG_THESIS_PLAGIARISM CHECK by HENG DUK Submission date: 24-Feb-2020 11:25AM (UTC+0800) Submission ID: 1262552674 File name: Thesis_24022020.pdf (4.48M) Word count: 15170 Character count: 85993 DUK HENG_THESIS_PLAGIARISM CHECK ORIGINALITY REPORT 25 % SIMILARITY INDEX 23% 8% % INTERNET SOURCES PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PAPERS PRIMARY SOURCES www.lrrb.org Internet Source onlinepubs.trb.org Internet Source global.oup.com Internet Source www.sealcoathouston.com Internet Source eprints.utm.my Internet Source www.iss.rs Internet Source hdl.handle.net Internet Source docs.trb.org Internet Source www.oregon.gov Internet Source 8% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1%