® Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide Michael New New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher ISBN: 978-0-07-159503-2 MHID: 0-07-159503-1 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-149275-1, MHID: 0-07-149275-5 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs To contact a representative please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com Information has been obtained by Publisher from sources believed to be reliable However, because of the possibility of human or mechanical error by our sources, Publisher, or others, Publisher does not guarantee to the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of anyinformation included in this work and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such information Oracle Corporation does not make any representations or warranties as to the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information contained in this Work, and is not responsible for any errors or omissions TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work Use of this work is subject to these terms Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill and its licensors not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise I dedicate this book to my daughter, Leah, and to my late brother, Robbie About the Author Michael New is a senior information systems architect with 17 years of experience in the software industry After receiving his B.S from M.I.T in Aeronautics and Astronautics, he worked for six years as a software engineer, principally on the GPS satellite program at Rockwell For the past 11 years, Michael has worked as an Oracle core and Oracle Applications DBA He began as a full-time DBA, moved into consulting with an Oracle partner, then served as a Technical Manager for Oracle Consulting before launching his own firm, New DB Solutions Michael has implemented the full array of Oracle products for clients in many industries, including the Oracle E-Business Suite, RAC, Data Guard, RMAN, Application Server, and Grid Control (in which he is a recognized authority) Michael has authored several white papers on database administration, has been a presenter at Oracle OpenWorld, and has been a technical editor for a McGraw-Hill Professional book on Oracle 10g Michael lives in New York City with his five-year-old daughter, Leah You can reach him at Michael@ NewDBsolutions.com or through his web site, www.newdbsolutions.com About the Technical Editors Phil Choi worked at Oracle for several years documenting the Enterprise Manager suite of products Before Oracle, he worked in a variety of industries, including consulting, software, and e-commerce Phil has yet to put his Mechanical Engineering degree to good use, but the degree in Creative Writing has come in handy during his attempts to write short stories and essays for publication Phil (and his dog Ajax) lives and works in San Francisco Edward Whalen is the founder and Chief Technology Officer of Performance Tuning Corporation During his career, he completed many complex consulting projects and continues to write books and technical papers on various Oracle and Microsoft technologies Ed has published more than eight books on SQL Server and Oracle, most recently Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Administrator’s Companion and Oracle Database 10g Linux Administration Ed is recognized as a leader in database design and performance optimization and provides critical services to companies worldwide Contents Acknowledgments xiii Introduction xv part I Install Grid Control Overview of the Grid Control Architecture What Is Grid Computing? What Is Grid Control? Grid Control Components Grid Control Console Oracle Management Agent Oracle Management Service Oracle Management Repository Data Flow Between Grid Control Components Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control Grid Control vs Database Control Grid Control vs AS Control Agents for Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control: All Together Now 10 13 14 15 17 19 22 23 24 26 26 Grid Control Preinstallation 29 Key Architectural Design Decisions Decide How Many Grid Control Environments to Build How Many Regional Sites Are Required? Make Required Installation Choices Network Configuration Steps Set Up Host Name Resolution Fully Qualify Host Name References Host Name Constraints Use Static IP Addresses Connectivity Checks v 33 35 36 41 47 49 49 52 53 53 vi Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide Hardware Requirements Hardware Installation Requirements Hardware Operating Requirements Software Requirements Verify Certification Information Create Required OS Groups and Users Create Required Directories Stop Database Listeners Using Port 1521 Synchronize OS Timestamps/Time Zones Confirm Platform-Specific Software Requirements 55 56 57 60 60 61 65 70 70 72 Grid Control Installation 75 Gather Needed Installation Information Address Installation Bugs Initialize the Oracle User Environment Set Up X Server (UNIX Only) Set/Unset OS Environment Variables Running the Installer with Desired Options Silent Installation Method Static Ports Feature Starting and Monitoring the Installation Install Grid Control Using a New Database Specify Installation Type Specify Installation Location Language Selection Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks Specify Configuration Specify Optional Configuration Specify Security Options Oracle Configuration Manager Registration Summary Install Configuration Assistants End of Installation Install Grid Control Using an Existing Database Steps to Install the OMR Database Run the Installer—GC Existing Database Option Install Standalone Agents on Dedicated OMR Nodes Log in to the Web Console Install the Grid Control Security Certificate in Your Browser Install an Additional OMS 77 77 83 83 85 87 87 88 89 91 91 91 93 93 94 95 95 97 99 100 101 101 103 103 105 111 114 114 115 116 Contents Grid Control Post Installation 119 Patch Grid Control Apply the Latest Grid Control Patch Set Apply Latest Database Patch Set Certified for OMR Apply the Latest EM Critical Patch Update Apply Required Grid Control One-off Patches Oracle Management Service Configuration Reduce Grid Control Logging Set Up Oracle User Environment on OMS Hosts Modify the Default Console Timeout Configure OMS for Failover and Load Balancing Tune OMS Thread Pool Size Add OMR Alias to OMS tnsnames.ora Back Up Critical OMS Files Oracle Management Repository Configuration Set Up Oracle User Environment on OMR Nodes Confirm That Listeners Load-Balance Across RAC Nodes Configure i SQL*Plus Access in Grid Control Modify the Data Retention Policy Modify Job Purge Policy Secure the emkey Set Up Grid Control Auditing Configure and Tune the OMR Database Install Oracle Configuration Manager vii 120 121 123 124 125 129 130 135 138 138 139 140 140 141 141 141 142 148 150 150 151 152 152 Preinstall Standalone Management Agents 155 An Overview of Common Agent Preinstallation Steps Agent Key Installation Decisions Select Agent Installation Methods Use an Existing User or Create a Separate Agent User Install a Local or Cluster Agent Configure a Server Load Balancer First Use an LDAP or Local Agent User Choose to Secure or Not Secure the Agent Agent Hardware Requirements Agent Disk Space Requirements Agent CPU Requirements Agent RAM Requirements Summary of Agent Hardware Requirements Agent Software Requirements Initialize the oracle User Environment Confirm No Existing Agent Is Installed Change Response File if Using an SLB Prepare for Cross-Platform Agent Installation Prepare Targets for Discovery Gather Needed Agent Installation Information 157 158 158 162 163 165 165 166 166 166 167 168 168 168 168 169 170 171 173 173 viii Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide Install Management Agents via Agent Deploy 175 Agent Deploy Installation Overview Install Required Packages Configure SSH User Equivalence Set Up SSH Server (SSHD) on Windows Back Up Current SSH Configuration Set ORACLE HOME on OMS Host Run sshConnectivity.sh Script Verify SSH User Equivalence Is Configured Set Up Time Zone for SSH Server Validate All Command Locations Modify Agent Deploy Properties File for SLB Choose Inventory Location Verify Agent User Permissions Prepare for Cross-Platform Agent Push Include Additional Files (Optional) Run Agent Deploy Application Fresh Install NFS Agent Upgrade Agent Agent Deploy Post-Installation Non-NFS Agents NFS Agents Troubleshoot Agent Deploy 176 178 178 179 179 179 180 184 184 185 187 187 188 189 189 190 192 195 196 197 198 198 198 Install Management Agents Locally 201 nfsagentinstall Installation Configure Shared Storage Install Master Agent on Shared Storage Install NFS Agents agentDownload Installation Prepare for agentDownload Installation Copy agentDownload Script from OMS to Target Host Execute agentDownload on Target Host Agent Cloning Installation Silent Agent Installation Interactive Agent Installation Install Required Packages Run the Interactive Installer Agent Post-Installation Steps Set Up Agent User Environment Confirm Agent Is Working Refresh Host Configuration (If Needed) Run agentca for Cluster Agent (Windows Only) Confirm Agent Restart on Reboot Is Configured Back Up the Agent 202 205 209 211 213 214 217 219 223 225 228 228 229 236 237 238 240 240 240 241 Contents Install Grid Control Clients 243 Install and Configure the EM Java Console Determine Whether You Need the EM Java Console Installation Steps for the EM Java Console Start the EM Java Console Configure Change Manager Install Adobe SVG Viewer Install EM Command Line Interface Install Oracle Configuration Manager Client ix 244 245 246 249 250 262 263 264 EM Login and Component Control 267 Log in to EM Web Console Login to Grid Control EM Java Console Login AS Console Login iSQL*Plus Login Metrics Browser Login Control EM Components Control iSQL*Plus Server Control the Management Repository Control the AS Console Control the Management Service Control the Management Agent Windows EM Services EM Startup/Shutdown Order 269 269 272 273 274 276 278 278 279 279 280 286 290 292 part II Configure and Maintain Grid Control 10 General Console Configuration 297 Introduction Tour of the Setup and Preferences Menus Follow an Event from Trigger to Notification Reasoning Behind this Chapter’s Menu Navigation Order Set Up Administrators Create Roles Create Administrators Set Administrator Preferences Set Preferred Credentials Configure Notifications Define Notification Methods Set Notification Schedules Create and Subscribe to Notification Rules Enable Patching Features Complete the Patching Setup Schedule the RefreshFromMetalink Job 299 299 303 305 307 307 313 317 320 330 330 334 339 356 356 362 ... 677 679 680 xii Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide 17 Maintain and Tune Grid Control? ?? 685 Perform Routine Grid Control Maintenance... Agents for Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control? ?? Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control: All Together Now 10 13 14 15 17 19 22 23 24 26 26 Grid Control. .. Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control? ?? Grid Control vs Database Control? ?? Grid Control vs AS Control? ??