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a) Mft ngudi cd kieu gen ding hpp tir ve alen dot biln d ca hat gen quy dinh hai enzim 1 va 2 se bieu hien cac trieu chung cua benh ndo ? Giai thich. b) Nlu mft ngudi chi nilc PKU hodc [r]
(1)SCf GIAO DVC VA BAO TAO
HANOI KY THI CHQN HOC SINH GIOI LOP CAP THANH PH6 Nam hpc 2017-2018
BE CHfNHTHtTC Mon: SINH HQC
Ngay thi: 04/4/2018
Then gian Idm bai: 150phut (Di thi gom 02 trang) Cau I (2,5 diem)
^ Ve va chu thich thi phan dnh su thay doi dung tich phli hit vao - thd binh thudng ya gang sue
leu su khdc giGa ho hap thudng va ho hap sau
vifTEenh nhan suy than co t h i chit sau vai nliilm doe nhung chit thai cua chinh ca th! jkifih Kit may, ho co thi dupe cuu sing nlu dupe d p cuu kip thdi vdi su ho trp cua than nhan tao Hay trinh bay mpt edeh khai quat v l nguyen If cau tao va hoat dpng cua than nhan tao CauH/3,5 diim)
(#1) Neu su khac vd dp day, kha ndng dan hoi cua dpng mach, tinh mach va mao mach Cho biet y nghla thich nghi cua su khdc
Tai truyen mau khdc nhom cdn phai truylntneo sado ben ? Tai truyen mdu O cho ngudi co nhdm mdu A thi h6ng clu khdng bi kit dinh ca the ngudi nhan nhung ngupc lai neu truyln mau A cho ngudi cd nhom mau O thi hong clu l^i bi kit dinh Tu d6 hay rut cac nglyen tic tron| truyen mau
( l i k h i huyet dp cua benh nhan, bac si thay benh nhan A cd huyet ap tam thlt la 170 mmHg, huyet dp dfng mach 110 mmHg (do d vdng tuln hoan ldn), benh nhin B co huylt ap tam thu la 120 mmHg, huyet dp tam truong 50 mmHg (do d dfng.mach canh tay)r Em hay du doan nhung sai lech clu tao he tuln hoan cua hai benh nhan noi tren Giai thich
Canm (3,0diim)
X l T Y h ! nao Id m f t h f sinh: thai ? Neu cacyluTo clu nen mft he sinh thai hoan chinhrmy lift ke cdc kilu he sinh thai tren trai dlt
Af£pVi moi trudng thuy sinh noi cd sir da dang sinh hpc cao, chuli thdc an thucmg^ nhieu mat xfch hem so vdi chuSi thuc dn cuarede he sinh thai tren can ?
g^Hinh ben mo ta s\r biln dfng s i lupng ca thi cua quan the nai va ch6 soi tren mpt h6n dao tu nam 1980 den nam 2015
(§) Phan tich hai yeu t l quan nhlt gidi han kich thudc quln the nai
(S) Giai thich su thay doi kich thudc cda £ quln thi ch6 soi tir nam 1990 din nam 2005 ~ Q
@)Sau nam 2015, neu m6i trudng sing on m
dinh thi kich thudc quan the nai se nhu thi nao ? Visao? !
1930 1935 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Nam
-s6lugngcli6s6i - * - s6 Iirgmg nai
Cau (3,0 diim)
L)Tinh trang rac thai vao cdc song ho gay nen hifn tupng phu duong (tdo d cac vung nude u dpng phat trien rat nhanh) Neu nguyen nhan va hau qua cua hifn tupng phu duong doi vdi sinh vatthuy sinh
(2)3 Clu true tuli cua quln t h i c6 tinh f S i n h s i n : V x Sinh 754
d£c trung va phu thuoc vao moi truong
SOng- Khi dieu tia quan the chim tri / Tro6e sinh san: 1560 \ / Tnrfosirti san: 2267
(Phasiamis colchicus) tai cac khu rimg tren
ddoHawai sau hai ndm'bj san b l u ngudi ta i^m^h SauhainSmbisSnbst
i A van vj tinh: ca me
thu dupe thap tuoi nhu hinh ben
g^Phan tich ddc diim v l phln nhom tuoi cua quln the n6i tren trade va sau bi sdn bat- Viec khai thac (san bit) quln t h i dam bdo su ben vung hay khong ? Giai thich
lu viec san bit dung lai, phln nhom tuli cua quln the se nhu the nao ? Tai ? ^ (2,0 diem)
^ f i \ T r i n h bdy cac budc tiln hdnh va k i t qua quan sat tieu ban c l dinh nhiem sic t h i cac kylchdc cua nguyen phan bang kinh hiln vi quang hpc
v^JTrinh bay cau trdc va churc ndng cua protein Cau VI (3,5 diim)
K^Phan bif t thudng bien, dft biln vd biln dj t l hpp ve khai nif m, nguyen nhan phat sinh, tinh chat va vai trd
/2/Mpt loai thuc vat tu thu phan cd bf nhilm sic t h i 2n = 20 Mau hoa cua cay dupe quy dinh bdkfnf t gen co alen: alen trdi (A) quy dinh mau hoa do, alen lan (a) quy dinh hoa mau trdng Bilt ring, chi nhung hat phln don bf i (n = 10) mdi co kha nang thu tinh cdn cac hstt phln du thira bat kf nhilm sic t h i nao (n+1) dlu khong cd kha ndng thy tinh Trong do, noan (n+1) vdn co kha nang thy tinh tao cay (2n+l) Hay neu each thuc cac nhd di trayln hpc su dung the dft biln dj b f i (2n+l) d l xac dinh gen quy dinh mau hoa thufc nhilm sac the nao s6 10 cap nhiem sac the cua loai cay ndy
3 Hien cac nhd chpn gilng da tao cac gilng cay co nang suit cao, mui vi thorn ngon, giam bdt cac chat gay mui vi kho chiu, Neu gieo cdc giong dupe chpn lpc nhu vay^en-4jen rong nhieu ndm thi cd dnh hudng nhu thi nao din nang suit va moi trudng ? Tsii ?
7,5 diem)
So ben mo td dudng chuyen ^ hoa pheninalanin lien quan d§n ba benh chuyfn „. , 'g"\ ~ k _^ +m \" Axrt
hAct Ht t r n v p n ct n<nrnrr_ orim n n s n v l l r p t n r i p t i Y 1 fflaifiyaCcuaCeDC
hda di truyen d ngudi, gom phenylketo nieu
(PKU), alkapton nieu (AKU) va bach tang Dft :
homogentlstic Erim2 Bach tang
bien lan d ba gen phan li dpc lap ma hda ba *bm\ enzim tuong ung (enzim 1-3) din tdi tich luy
cac chit khong dupe chuyen hda, cd" tinh df c va
gay benh (vdi PKU va AKU) hodc khong ting { hpp dupe melanin (vdi bach tang) Hay trd ldi )Bm cac cau hoi sau :
a) Mft ngudi cd kieu gen ding hpp tir ve alen dot biln d ca hat gen quy dinh hai enzim va se bieu hien cac trieu chung cua benh ndo ? Giai thich
b) Nlu mft ngudi chi nilc PKU hodc AKU, mau da cua ngudi se nhu thi nao so vdi ngudi binh thudng ? Biet ring ngudi mlc PKU cd chi an khong chda pheninalanin cdn cdc phan dinh duong khdc gilng npidi binh thudng va ngudi bi AKU dupe ulng thulc dieu tri
c) Nlu mot ngudi chi bj AKU ket hon vdi mpt ngudi chi bj bach tang, ca hai ngudi dlu dong hpp tu vl ba gen dang xet, nhung dua cua hp se cd kieu hinh nhu thi nao v l ba benh noi tren
2 Trong phep lai mft cap ruoi gilm, thu dupe Fi vdi ti le ruoi cai: ruli due Cho Fi giao phli vdi se thu dupe F2 Giai thich k i t qud Fi va xac dinh ti le gidi tinh d F2
-Het-Luuf: Cdn bo coi thi khong gidi thich gi them