Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.. The price of petrol has gone ....[r]
(1)PHẦN 1
UNIT 5: READING & VOCABULARY
I VOCABULARY
academic (a) [,ỉkə'demik]: có tính học thuật province (n) /province/: tỉnh thành
campaign (n) [kæm'pein] : chiến dịch
universalisation (n) [,ju:ni'və:səlai’zeiʃn] : phổ cập cheat (v) [t∫i:t]: gian lận
consult (v) [kən'sʌlt] : hỏi ý kiến decline (v) [di'klain] : suy giảm decrease (v) [di: 'kri:s] : giảm effective (a) [i'fektiv]: hiệu
encourage (v) [in'kʌridʒ]: khuyến khích enforce (v) [in'fɔ:s]: bắt tn theo
eradicate (v) [i'rỉdikeit] : xóa bỏ
eradication (n) /i,rỉdi'keiʃn/: xóa bỏ
ethnic minority (n) ['eθnik mai'nɔriti]: dân tộc thiểu số fight (against) (n) [fait ə'geinst] :cuộc chiến, chống lại goal (n) mục tiêu, mục đích
highlands (n) ['hailỉnd] :cao ngun honorable (a) ['ɔnərəbl] : vinh dự lifeguard (n) ['laifgɑ:d] : người cứu đắm
(2)low-income (a) [lou 'iηkʌm] : thu nhập thấp maturity (n) [mə'tjuəriti] : trưởng thành mature (a) [mə'tjuə] : sung mãn, trưỡng thành motivate (v) ['moutiveit] : thúc đẩy
motivation (n) /,mouti'veiʃn/: thúc đẩy, tạo động lực against (prep) : chống lại
performance (n) [pə'fɔ:məns] : thể hiện, thành tích promotion (n) [prə'mou∫n]: khuyến khích
rate (n) [reit]: tỉ lệ
realistic (a) [riə'listik]: thực tế reduce (v) [ri'dju:s] : làm giảm
regulation (n) [,regju'lei∫n] : qui định relevant (a) ['reləvənt] : liên quan rise (n) [raiz] : gia tăng
self-respect (n) [,self ri'spekt] : lòng tự trọng shore (n) [∫ɔ:]: bờ
shortage (n) ['∫ɔ:tid]: thiếu hụt society (n) [sə'saiəti] : xã hội strategy (n) ['strætədʒi]: chiến lược strength (n) ['streηθ] : điểm mạnh strict (a) [strikt]: nghiêm khắc survey (n) ['sə:vei] : khảo sát tutoring (a) ['tju:tərin]: phụ đạo weakness (n) ['wi:knis] : điểm yếu
(3)1 Universalisation of Primary Education: Phổ cập giáo dục tiểu học 94 % of the population was able to read and write N population N
không đếm nên V theo sau V singular- số ít“Illiteracy 3Eradication”: (n) xóa mù chữ
3 Ethnic minority students: học sinh dân tộc thiểu số
4 Remote and mountainous areas: khu vực vùng sâu vùng xa khu vực miền núi
III Reading
1 Hướng dẫn dịch:
Khoảng tháng nãm 2000 61 tỉnh thành phố khắp Việt Nam hoàn thành chương trình "Phổ cập giáo dục tiểu học" "Xóa nạn mù chữ" Tuy nhiên, khoảng thời gian này, 94% dân số Việt Nam biết đọc viết Điều có nghĩa cịn nhiều cơng việc phải làm để xóa nạn mù chữ khắp nước Mùa hè năm 2000 Hội Khuyến học Việt Nam mở chiến dịch xóa mù chữ Trong chiến dịch này, 600 sinh viên thuộc dân tộc thiểu số vùng cao cử dạy kĩ đọc viết cho 1200 người mù chữ quê hương họ Năm 2001, 800 sinh viên tình nguyện tham gia chiến dịch, số người học đọc việt lên đến 4623 người Đây biện pháp hiệu giúp người vùng sâu vùng xa đọc viết
(4)chuyện kĩ thuật canh tác kế hoạch hóa gia đình Trước họ cịn hứa quay trở lại mùa hè
Cuộc chiến chống nạn mù chữ tiếp tục vào mùa hè năm 2002 Lần này, Hội Khuyến học Việt Nam định mở rộng, hoạt động đến tỉnh vùng núi khu vực miền Trung Hiện nay, số người mù chữ vùng sâu vùng xa miền núi dần giảm Chúng ta hi vọng nạn mù chữ xóa bỏ nước ta ngày có nhiều người tham gia vào đấu tranh chống lại
2 Task 1.
Find the Vietnamese equivalent to the following expressions
1 Universalisation of Primary Education : Phổ cập giáo dục tiêu học
2 The Vietnam Society of Learning Promotion : Hội Khuyến học Việt Nam illiteracy eradication: xóa mù chữ
4 Farming techniques: kĩ thuật canh tác Family planning : kế hoạch hóa gia đình
Task Which of the choices A, B, C or D most adequately sums up the whole passaae?
A The programme of “ Universalisation of Primary Education" in Vietnam B Illiteracy rates in Vietnam
C Ethnic minority students’ education programme D The fight against illiteracy
Key: D: Cuộc chiến chống lại nạn mù chữ. Task Answer the questions.
1.What was the rate of literacy in Vietnam in 2000? -> 94% of the population
(5)3 How many students participated in the campaign in 2000 and how many in 2001?
-> 600 students in 2000 and 800 students in 2001
4 What did the students to help eradicate illiteracy?
-> They willingly/voluntarily spent their vacations teaching ethnic minority illiterate people to read and write
5 What will happen if more and more people take part in the struggle against illiteracy?
-> Illiteracy will soon be eradicated After you read
Work in groups: Ask and answer the questions.
1 Are there any illiterate people in your neighborhood?
-> Yes, but not many Most of them are the poor working people What you think we should to help them read and write?
-> I think we should explain the disadvantages of being illiterate to them At the same time, we should provide the convenient condition for them to go to classes for illiteracy eradication We also ask the volunteers to supply free courses for poor people and children
UNIT 5: READING &
VOCABULARY BÀI TẬP TỰ LUYỆN Exercise 1: Pronunciation
1.A minority B literacy C primary D library
2 A eradicate B ca mpaign C vacation D transport
3 A straggle B maturity C
student D education
4 A please B decrease C
speech D realistic
5 A et h nic B nort h ern C healthy D south
(6)box eradicate literate educate promote effect
honour volunteer provide participate mature
1 We were very pleased with the high level of in the charity events Humour is often far more than shouting
3 I can see an increasing in how she understands the world They started a campaign for illiteracy in the summer of 2000 I am deeply to be invited to this momentous occasion
6 We congratulate James on his well-deserved to Chief Executive, All the children are tested in basic
8 Did he it , or did you make him?
9 The Red Cross is in charge of of emergency relief 10 We found the program and informative
Exercise 3: Complete each of the sentences with one appropriate preposition. The students were asked to provide reading and writing skills
the villagers
2 More and more people are taking part the struggle against illiteracy Let's concentrate solving this problem before we discuss the other ones William insists getting up early, even on weekends
5 Many companies participated the trade fair
6 Many students have difficulty learning phrasal verbs
7 The literacy rate of population rised considerably 1995 and 2002 Each exercise focuses a different grammar point Interest physical fitness increased during the 1980s
10 Do you consider these textbooks essential the course?
(7)The traditional definition of literacy is considered to be the ability to read and write, or the ability to use language to, read, write, listen, and speak In modern contexts, the word refers to reading and writing at a level (1) for
communication, or at a level that lets one understand and communicate ideas in a literate society,' so as to take (2) _ in that society The United Nations, Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has drafted the
following definition: “Literacy is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written 'materials (3) _ with varying contexts Literacy involves a continuum of learning to enable an Individual to achieve his or her goals, to develop his, or her (4) _ and potential, and to participate fully in the wider society."
Many policy analysts consider literacy rates a crucial measure of a region's human capital This claim is made on the (5) that literate people can be trained less expensively than illiterate people, generally have a higher socio-economic (6)
and enjoy better health and employment prospects Policy makers also argue that literacy increases job opportunities and access to higher education In Kerala, India, for example, female and child mortality rates declined (7) in the 1960s, when girls who were educated in the education reforms after 1948 began to raise families Recent researchers, (8) _, argue that correlations such as, the one listed above may have more to with the effects of schooling rather than literacy in general Regardless, the (9) of educational systems worldwide includes a basic (10) _ around communication through test and print, which is the foundation of most definitions of literacy
1 a important a control a associated
b adequate b comfort b worked c adaptable c part c appropriated d suitable d honor d related
4 a ability b
knowledge
c behavior d
performance a
basics grounds
b ways c foundations d
6 a status b request c condition d state
7 a actually b dramatically c extremely d accurately a
therefore additionally
(8)9 a main demand
b majority c focus d
10 a concept b content c contact d context
Exercise 5: Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers
A literate population is a necessity for any nation wishing to take advantage of modern technological growth For instance, research has shown a direct relationship between literacy among women and improved health' and child care in the family The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has long supported the concept that education must be considered an ongoing process
Adult education has long been important in Europe, where formal programs began in the 18th century In Britain, concern for the education of poor and working- class people resulted in the growth of adult education programs, such as the evening
school and the, Mechanic's Institute, to expand education opportunities for all people: ,After the Russian Revolution, the Russian government virtually eliminated illiteracy through the establishment of various institutions and extension classes for adults
In other areas of the world, adult education movements are of a more recent origin In 1960, Egypt established a 'schools for the people' system designed to educate the adult population In the 1970s, countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America began to increase opportunities for adult education Innovative programs involving the mass media are being used in many countries Tanzania, for example, has used mass education techniques and the radio to organize national education programs in health, nutrition, and citizenship In the 1980s, international educational exchange programs grew in popularity in the United States and many other
countries
11 What does this passage mainly discuss?
a National education b Illiteracy eradication
c Adult education d Primary education
(9)b is an important factor in the country's developmentc c is a constant process d must only be given to adults
13 Which of the followings is not' true?
a Adult education has boomed in Europe in recent years
b Educated women know how to take care of their children properly c Illiteracy is almost erased in Russia
d In many countries, mass education is carried out through television 14 Which of the followings is not mentioned as means used for mass education?
a radio b newspapers c
internet d textbooks
15 According to the passage, adult education a offers opportunities for promotion
b is to educate people to improve their health c is popular all over the world nowadays
d has been developed thanks to the mass media
UNIT 5: READING & VOCABULARY (Đáp án tập tự luyện)
Exercise 1: Pronunciation
1.A minority B literacy C primary D library
2 A eradicate B ca mpaign C vacation D transport
3 A straggle B maturity C
student D education
4 A please B decrease C
(10)5 A et h nic B northern C healt h y D south
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words from the
box eradicate literate educate promote
effect
honour volunteer provide participate mature
1 We were very pleased with the high level of participati o n in the charity events Humour is often far more e ff ective than shouting
3 I can see an increasing m aturi t y in how she understands the world
4 They started a campaign for illiteracy er a d i cation in the summer of 2000 I am deeply ho n our e dto be invited to this momentous occasion
6 We congratulate James on his well-deserved pr o m otio n to Chief Executive, All the children are tested in basic litera c y
8 Did he it vo l unta r i l y , or did you make him
9 The Red Cross is in charge of provisio n of emergency relief 10 We found the program educati o naland informative
Exercise 3: Complete each of the sentences with one appropriate preposition. The students were asked to provide reading and writing skills for the villagers More and more people are taking part i n the struggle against illiteracy
3 Let's concentrate on solving this problem before we discuss the other ones William insists on getting up early, even on weekends
5 Many companies participated i n the trade fair
6 Many students have difficulty i n learning phrasal verbs
7 The literacy rate of population rised considerably betwe e n 1995 and 2002 Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point
(11)Exercise 4: Choose the correct word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the passage.
1 a important suitable
b adequate c adaptable d
2 a control b comfort c part d
honor
3 a associated related
b worked c appropriated d
4 a ability b knowledge c
behavior d performance
5 a basics b ways c foundations
d grounds
6 a status b request c
condition d state
7 a actually b dramatically c extremely d
accurately a therefore additionally
b however c consequently d
9 a main b majority c focus
d demand
10 a concept b content c
contact d context
Exercise 5: Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.
11 What does this passage mainly discuss?
a National education b Illiteracy eradication c Adult education d Primary education 12 It can be inferred from this passage that education
(12)b is an important factor in the country's developmentc c is a constant process
d must only be given to adults 13 Which of the followings is not' true?
a Adult education has boomed in Europe in recent years
b Educated women know how to take care of their children properly c Illiteracy is almost erased in Russia
d In many countries, mass education is carried out through television 14 Which of the followings is not mentioned as means used for mass education?
a radio b newspapers c internet d
C In my opinion, our school should reduce the number of students in a class Example 3:
A: Many students in our school have difficulty in learning English B: I think we should set up an English speaking club
C: In my opinion our school and teachers should provide cassettes and videos in English
Task Work in groups Think of three or four problems your class is
experiencing Talk about them and offer the solutions You may use the cues below:
(13)- Shortage of desks (3 students per desk) - Hot in summer (no electric fans)
- Cold and dark in winter (broken windows, no lights) Suggestions:
A: The main problem of our class is oversized There are over 50 students in our class What should we to solve this problem?
B: I think the school should recruit more teachers and open new classes
A: Another problem is that there is a shortage of desks Three students have to sit on a desk What should we do?
B: We should buy more desks or if there are new classes, the current number of desk should be provided adequately
A: And what about not enough electric fans in the class? And it is super hot B: I think the headmaster must concern about this problem Uncomfortable
atmosphere can affect baldly to the result of studying Each class should be equipped with high quality electric fans so that the class is cool enough for students in
summer
A: In contrast, things become bad when winter comes, it’s cold and dark in the classroom for there are not enough lights and some windows are broken?
B: Oh, in my opinion, our school should provide more lights and replace those broken window to create the best environment for students
II LISTENING. TAPESCRIPT
In an informal survey carried out in Perth, western of Australia, students were asked to give their views on what makes an effective school 80 per cent of the students felt that mutual respect in the classroom was essential learning to take place This implied that students should be treated as individuals with both their strengths and their weaknesses 60 per cent of the students felt they should be encouraged to set realistic goals for their learning, and to have positive attitudes towards themselves and others About 55 per cent of the students expected their teachers to be motivated and
(14)confidence, the ability to learn from failure, and time management, suited to the maturity of the students concerned
One hundred per cent of the students felt that the social side of school was as important as academic activities The older students felt that they should be allowed to give some input school decision making a direct effect on students
1.The students were asked to………….what makes an effective school. A express their attitudes towards
B deliver speeches on
C exchange their ideas about D give their opinions on
2 Most of the students thought they should be encouraged to……….for their own learning.
A develop new styles B set realistic goals C develop their strategies D consult their teachers
3 About ………….of the students expected their teachers to bemotivated and interested in what they were doing.
A 80 per cent B 55 per cent C
60 per cent D 100 per cent
4 Nearly all the students believed that learning should focus on………… A the importance of life
B the importance of skills C important life skills
D important communication skills
1 D B B B
Task 2.
(15)2 What percentage of the students felt mutual respect was essential for effective learning to take place?
—> 80 percent of the students What did the older students feel?
—> They felt that they should be allowed to give some input into school decision making
After you listen: Discuss the question: Which you think is more essential for better learning - good teachers or good textbooks?
Textbooks are essential teaching and learning materials in any program and syllabus Having good textbooks is very important Good textbooks provide students with adequate knowledge, skills and practice Good textbooks also guide students how to learn and help them study effectively on their own
However, having good teachers may be more important than having good textbooks because a good teacher can turn a poor quality textbook into an interesting one In fact, a good teacher can even replace the textbook, motivate students to learn, and train them to use self-studying skills Besides that, the teachers must take
responsibilities for the students’ learning
UNIT 5: SPEAKING AND LISTENING (Bài tập tự luyện)
Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
(16)A out B up C over D off'
2 At present, more and more people are taking part in the struggle illiteracy
A for B with C against
D to
3 The Vietnam Society of Learning Promotion started a campaign illiteracy eradication
for
A on B in C of D
4 Most of the students felt that respect in classroom was essential for effective learning to take place
A mutual B considerable C deep
D grudging
5 Modem farming methods can have an adverse on the environment
A effect B effective C
effectiveness D effectively
6 Once we have all relevant information, we can make a decision
A correct B
connected C available D confidential
7 The government has launched a aimed at educating young people about the dangers of drugs
A struggle B program C
combat D campaign
8 People judged to be functionaIly lack the basic reading and writing skills
A literate B literacy C
illiterate D illiteracy
9 The students were asked to reading and writing skills to the villagers
A deliver B express C
provide D support
(17)A put up with B get rid of C take control of D cut down on
Exercise 2: Choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D that best completes the sentence.
11 Illiterate people lack the basic reading and writing skills in everyday life
A to require B requiring C
that require D required 12 Illiteracy rates in recent years
A fell B have fallen C
was falling D had fallen
13 She was the first in her family a college education
A get B getting C
to get D gotten
14 They asked our bags outside the exam room
A to leave B us to leave C
we leave D us leaving
15 Before the meeting finished they arranged when next
A they met B they to meet C should they meet D to meet 16 Nobody yet knew what to cause the dam to burst
A happens B to
happen C had happened D did it happen
17 The weather report says that ten inches of snow tomorrow
A may be there are B there might be C there may
be D we maybe have
18 Please ask the restaurant clientele in the no smoking areA
A not to smoke B not smoking C don't smoke D
not smoke
19 'You got home late last night.' 'The Morgan insisted for dinner.'
(18)20 in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States
A Founding B Founded C Being founded D It
was founded
Exercise 3: Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
21 The m u se u m guard asked the visitors to not touch the exhibits
A B C
D
22 The to u r guide explained that the castle is only open i n Tuesdays
A B C
D
23 I'm sorry to bother you, but you did s a y to call whether I was worried
A B C D
24 We were disappointed when the receptionist tol d that the hotel was
A B
fully booked that wee k
C D
25 In 1852 Massachusetts passed a law re q ui r ed all child r en from four to A b
eighteen years of age t o attend school
C D
Exercise 4: Choose the word that has main stress placed differently from the others.
1 a illiterate minority
b eradicate c voluntary d
2 a combat campaign
(19)3 a volunteer concentrate
b struggle c promise d
4 a education b universal c eradication d
population
5 a considerable b effective c relevant d
maturity
Exercise 5: Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c, or d -that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase
6 I'm
not surprised Margaret's ill With all the voluntary work she's _ , she's really been doing too much
a taken off b taken on c
taken in d taken to
7 An English Club will be
to help children improve their English
a brought on b showed up c set up d put on
8 There was a gradual in the number of both males and females who were literate in the Lowlands
a rise b raise c arise
d risen
9 Only highly _ people are capable of discussing these subjects
a interesting b common c
literate d business
10 Most students who were
asked felt that respect in the classroom was essential
a mutual b annual c
actual d continuous
11 Many university students spent their summer
vacations teaching illiterate people to read and write
a freely b consciously c
(20)12 The proposal has not met with agreement
a voluntary b universal c
Informal d effective
13 A child's vocabulary _ through reading
a expands b expends c expels d
exposes
14 Children living in remote and mountainous areas may be _ disadvantaged
a educated b education c
educational d educationally
15 She is 'due to _ a lecture on genetic engineering
a make b teach c deliver
d take
UNIT 5: SPEAKING AND LISTENING (Đáp án tập tự luyện)
Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
1 The price of petrol has gone by over 50 percent in less than a year
A out B up C over
D off'
2 At present, more and more people are taking part in the struggle illiteracy
A for B with C against
D to
3 The Vietnam Society of Learning Promotion started a campaign illiteracy eradication
for
(21)4 Most of the students felt that respect in classroom was essential for effective learning to take place
A.mutual B considerable C deep
D grudging
5 Modem farming methods can have an adverse on the environment
A effect B effective C
effectiveness D effectively
6 Once we have all r e l evant information, we can make a decision
A correct B connected C available D
confidential
7 The government has launched a aimed at educating young people about the dangers of drugs
A struggle B program C combat D.
campaign
8 People judged to be functionaIly lack the basic reading and writing skills
A literate B literacy C illiterate D
illiteracy
9 The students were asked to reading and writing skills to the villagers
A deliver B express C provide D
support
10 More work has been done to e r adicate illiteracy in our country
A put up with B get rid of C take control of D cut down on
Exercise 2: Choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D that best completes the sentence.
11 Illiterate people lack the basic reading and writing skills in everyday life
A to require B requiring C that require D.
required
12 Illiteracy rates in recent years
A fell B have fallen C was falling D
(22)13 She was the first in her family a college education
A get B getting C to get D
gotten
14 They asked our bags outside the exam room
A to leave B us to leave C we leave D
us leaving
15 Before the meeting finished they arranged when next
A they met B they to meet C
should they meet D to meet
16 Nobody yet knew what to cause the dam to burst
A happens B to happen C had happened D did
it happen
17 The weather report says that ten inches of snow tomorrow
A may be there are B there might be C there may be D we maybe have 18 Please ask the restaurant clientele in the no smoking areA
A.not to smoke B not smoking C don't smoke D
not smoke
19 'You got home late last night.' 'The Morgan insisted for dinner.'
A on our staying B for us to stay C
that we were staying D about us staying
20 in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States
A Founding B Founded C Being founded D It
was founded
Exercise 3: Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
21.The muse u m guard asked the visitors to not touch the e x hibits.
A B C(not to touch)
D
(23)A B C D(on)
23 I'm sorry to bother you, but you d i d say to call whether I was worried.
D(if)
A B C
24 We w ere disappo i nted when the receptionist told that the hotel was A
B(toud us)
fully booked that week
C D
25 In 1852 Massachusetts passed a law r e qu i red all chi l dren from four to
b
eighteen years of age t o attend school A(requiring)
C D
Exercise 4: Choose the word that has main stress placed differently from the others.
1 a illiterate b eradicate c voluntary d
minority a combat campaign
b ethnic c province d.
3 a volunteer concentrate
b struggle c promise d
4 a education population
b universal c eradication d
5 a
considerable maturity
(24)Exercise 5: Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c, or d -that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase
6 I'm not surprised Margaret's ill With all the voluntary work she's _ , she's really been doing too much
a taken off b taken on c taken in d
taken to
7 An English Club will be to help children improve their English
a brought on b showed up c set up d put on
8 There was a gradual literate in the Lowlands in the number of both males and females who were
a rise b raise c arise
d risen Only highly
_ people are capable of discussing these subjects
a interesting b common c literate d
business
10 Most students who were asked felt that respect in the classroom was essential
a mutual b annual c actual d
continuous
11 Many university students spent their summer vacations teaching illiterate people to read and write
a freely b consciously c gradually d.
voluntarily
12 The proposal has not met with agreement
a voluntary b universal c Informal d
effective
13 A child's vocabulary _ through reading
a expands b expends c expels d
exposes
(25)a educated b education c educational d. educationally
15 She is 'due to _ a lecture on genetic engineering
a make b teach c deliver
d take
PHẦN 3
UNIT 5: GRAMMAR (Tài liệu giảng)
Lesson 3: Grammar REPORTED SPEECH.
1.Cáo buộc làm gì. S accused Sb of doing sth
“ You stole the money on the table”, she said to him -> She accused him of stealing the money on the table. Thừa nhận phủ nhận làm gì.
S+ admitted/ denied+ Ving/ having P2 He said “Yes, I did”
-> He admitted stealing/ having stolen the money on the table He said: “ No, I didn’t”
->He denied stealing/ having stolen the money on the table
3 Lời khuyên (should/ought to/ had better/ If I were you / Why don’t you) S + advised sb + (not) to V
(26)“You shouldn’t believe him” Jane said to Peter. ->Jane advised Peter not to believe him.
4 Câu mời (Would you
like ?) S+ offered Sb Sth S+ offered to Sth
S + invited sb+ to V
“Would you like a cup of coffee, Peter?” I said. -> I offered Peter a cup of coffee.
“Would you like me to clean the house for you” he said “Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?” he said.
-> He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night.
5 “Don’t sth…” “Never
do sth…” S asked/ told Sb not to do sth
S warned against Ving/ warned sb not to sth
“Please don’t tell anyone what happened.” Ann said to me. -> Ann told me not to tell anyone what had happened “Never enter this room” she warned me.
-> She warned me against entering that room. ->She warned me not to enter that room. 6.“Don’t forget/ Remember to V” S
reminded Sb to sth
He told me: “Don’t forget to come here on time tomorrow”. -> He reminded me to come there on time the next day.
(27)7.Câu cảm thán: “ What a/an +Adj+ N” “How + adj/ adv + N/ S+ be/ V”
Trực tiếp: What a lovely dress!
Gián tiếp: She exclaimed that the dress was lovely. She complimented me on the lovely dress. Eg: “What a strange idea!”he said.
-> He exclaimed that it was such a strange idea 8.“ Thank you for….”
-> Thank Sb for Ving/ N
Eg: “Thank you for helping me finish this project “ he said to us. -> He thanked us for helping him finish that project “ Thank you for this lovely present.” I said to him.
-> I thanked him for that lovely present. 9.“ Congratulations …”
S congratulated Sb on Ving
Eg: “Congratulations! You won the first prize” he said to me He congratulated me on winning the first prize.
10.“ Sorry…”
S apologized to sb for Ving
Eg: “Sorry, I broke your vase” he said to his mother. ->He apologized to his mother for breaking her vase. 11.WARN: cảnh báo
S+ warned+ sb+ to V/ not to V + O
Hoặc S + Warned sb against Ving: cảnh báo làm( không làm ) Eg: “Don’t play ball near the restricted area.” I said to the boy:
(28)> I warned the boy against playing ball near the restricted area 12.PROMISE : lời
hứa S+ will/won't +
V > S +promised+sb+to + V / not to V: hứa làm Ex: " I wont never this again " He said to her > He promised her not to that again
13.THREATEN : đe dọa
S+ threatened (sb)+to V/ not to V : đe doạ (ai) làm Ex: He said " I will kill you if you don’t that "
- -> He threatened to kill me if I didn’t that
14 SUGGEST: đề
nghị Shall we+ V Let's+ V How/What about+ Ving Why dont we + V
->S+ suggested+ Ving= S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V: đề nghị làm
Ex: " Why don’t we go out for a walk?” said the boy → The boy suggested going out for a walk
15 Gợi ý cho người khác : “Why don’t you+ Vo? dùng cấu trúc S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V
“Why don’t you have a rest?” he said to her -> He suggested that she should have a rest 16.WISH: chúc
S+ wished+ sb+ (a/a) + adj+N: chúc có điều Ex: " Have a happy birthday" she said
(29)S+welcomed+sb/st+to+place: chào đón đến với
Ex: " Welcome to my house , my dear " she said to her friend -> She welcomed her friend to her house
18.AGREE : đồng ý
S+ agreed+ to V: đồng ý làm
Ex: Ann: " Would you wait half an hour.? "Tom: " All right" => Tom agreed to wait
19. REFUSE : từ chối
S+ refused+ to V : từ chối làm
Ex: Ann: "Would you lend me another £50? "Tom: " No, I won’t lend you any more money"
=> Tom refused to lend her any more money 20.INSIST: khăng khăng , nài nỉ
S+ insisted+ on+ Ving: khăng khăng, nài nỉ làm Ex: Tom said “ Let me pay for myself
=> Tom insisted on paying 21 DREAM: mơ ước
S+ dreamed of+ Ving: luôn mơ điều
Ex: Daisy said: “I want to be a famous singer in the world.” -> Daisy dreamed of being a famous singer in the world 22 ENCOURAGE : động viên, khích lệ
S+ encouraged + sb + to V Ex: “Try again” she said
(30)S+ prevented+ sb/st+ from+ Ving : ngăn làm gì, ,cái xảy Eg: " My mother said : " I can’t let you use the phone
-> My mother prevented me from using the phone
24 REPROACH: trách mắng S+ reproached+ sb+ for+ Ving
Ex: " You should have finished the report by now” John told his secretary > John reproached his secretary for not having finished the report
25 BLAME : đổ lỗi
S + blamed sb + For + Ving : đổ lỗi làm
Ex: " It was your fault You didn’t tell the truth " She said > She blamed me for not telling the truth
26 SUSPECT : nghi ngờ
S+ suspected sb of Ving : nghi ngờ làm Ex: " I think He stole that car " My friend said
> My friend suspected him of stealing that car 27 REGRET : hối tiếc
S+ regretted + Ving : hối tiếc làm ex: " I wish I had visited her" said He
> He regretted not having visited/ visiting her 28 COMPLAIN : phàn nàn
S+ complained about + Sth: phàn nàn điều
(31)S+ Criticized sb + For + Ving : phê bình việc
ex: " You shoudnt have made that mistake " the boss said to me ( bạn lẽ không nên gây lỗi )
> The boss criticized me for having made that mistake
30 CALL : gọi
S+ Called sb something : gọi ex: “Liar!”
=> He called me a liar
UNIT 5: GRAMMAR (Bài tập tự luyện)
Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c, or d - that best completes the sentence.
1 Twenty-five people killed in that traffic accident
a reported to be b are reporting to be
c are reported being d are reported to be The woman said she in this village for over fifty years
a has been living b was living
c had been living d lives
3 US scientists claim that they a new vaccine against malaria
a developed b have developed
c had developed d was developing
4 The lecturer recommended
a number of books before the exam
a reading b to read
c us reading d to have read
(32)_ some weight Has she been ill?
a having lost b having been lost
c to have lost d to have been lost
6 If you saw a lawyer, he'd advise you legal action
a take b taking
c to take d for taking
7 Hardly _ to the bus-stop when the bus suddenly pulled away
a did they get b they had got
c they got d had they got
8 By the time you return here next week, we the project
a will have finished b has finished
c will finish d will be finishing
9 We are going to get our house _ next week
a painting b to paint
c painted d to be painted
10 He advised me anything about it for the time being
a didn't b not
c don't d not to
Exercise 2: Complete each of the sentences with one appropriate preposition. The students were asked to provide reading and writing skills the villagers
2 More and more people are taking part the struggle against illiteracy Let's concentrate solving this problem before we discuss the other ones William insists getting up early, even on weekends
5 Many companies participated the trade fair
(33)7 The literacy rate of population rised considerably 1995 and 2002 Each exercise focuses a different grammar point Interest physical fitness increased during the 1980s
10 Do you consider these textbooks essential the course?
Exercise 3: Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Just when he arrived at the station, the train was starting to move Hardly
2 Let's go for a walk We've been working all day John suggested
3 The cake was so hard that I could not eat it It was 'You'd better not waste your time, Betty,' Tom said Tom
5 I am sorry that I didn't invite her to my party last night I regret
6 Mike's father is going to fix the ball for him next week Mike
7 It is at Mr Foster's request that I'm writing this letter to you Mr Foster
8 The cost of living has gone up considerably in the last few years There has been
9 I expect that they will get there by lunch timeI expect them
10 I'm sorry I couldn't come to your birthday party last Sunday, John Mary apologizes
(34)
1 The teacher said to Jim, 'Would you give your book to Mary, please?' (ask/ Tell/ order) The
teacher……… The sign said, 'No parking in this area Violators will be towed away.' (invite/ warn/ force)
Drivers The fire chief said, 'Everyone must leave the building immediately.' (order/ remind/ allow) Everyone
………
4 Before Bobby went to bed, his father said, 'Don't forget to brush your teeth.' (invite/ allow/ remind) Before Bobby went to bed, his father
5 The teacher said to the students, 'You will have exactly one hour to complete the exam.' (order/ expect/ warn) The
students………
6 My garage mechanic said, 'You should get a tune-up every 5,000 miles.' (ask/ order/ advise) My garage mechanic
7 The factory manager said to the employees, 'Do not come late If you do, you will lost your jobs.' (ask/ warn/ encourage) The employees
…………
8 The sign on the side door says, 'Do not enter,' so we have to use a different door (ask/ permit/ force) Nobody
………
9 The judge said to the defendant, 'You must not shout in the courtroom again.' (ask/ order/ encourage) The defendant
………
10 My parents often said to me, 'Good for you! It's good to be independent!' (remind/ require/ encourage) My parents
………
(35)Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c, or d - that best completes the sentence.
1 Twenty-five people killed in that traffic accident
a reported to be b are reporting to be
c are reported being d are reported to be The woman said she in this village for over fifty years
a has been living b was living
c had been living d lives
3 US scientists claim that they a new vaccine against malaria
a developed b have developed
c had developed d was developing
4 The lecturer recommended a number of books before the exam
a reading b to read
c us reading d to have read
5 Jane appears _ some weight Has she been ill?
a having lost b having been lost
c to have lost d to have been lost
6 If you saw a lawyer, he'd advise you legal action
a take b taking
c to take d for taking
7 Hardly _ to the bus-stop when the bus suddenly pulled away
a did they get b they had got
c they got d had they got
8 By the time you return here next week, we the project
a will have finished b has finished
(36)9 We are going to get our house _ next week
a painting b to paint
c painted d to be painted
10 He advised me anything about it for the time being
a didn't b not
c don't d not to do
Exercise 2: Complete each of the sentences with one appropriate preposition.
1 The students were asked to provide reading and writing skills f o r the
villagers.
2 More and more people are taking part i n the struggle against illiteracy.
3 Let's concentrate o n solving this problem before we discuss the other ones.
4 William insists o n getting up early, even on weekends.
5 Many companies participated i n the trade fair.
6 Many students have difficulty i n learning phrasal verbs.
7 The literacy rate of population rised considerably between 1995 and 2002. 8 Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.
9 Interest in physical fitness increased during the 1980s.
10 Do you consider these textbooks essential f or the course?
Exercise 3: Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1. Just when he arrived at the station, the train was starting to move.
Hardly did he arrive at the station when the train was starting to move.
(37)John suggested g o i n g for a w a l k
3. The cake was so hard that I could not eat it.
It was such a h ard c a k e that I co u ld n o t eat i t.
4. 'You'd better not waste your time, Betty,' Tom said.
Tom adv i sed B et t y n ot to w a s t e her t i m e .
5. I am sorry that I didn't invite her to my party last night.
I regret n ot i n v i ti n g / havi n g i nv ited her t o m y birth d ay p ar t y the ni g ht bef
o r e.
6. Mike's father is going to fix the ball for him next week.
Mike i s g o i ng t o h av e his f ath e r f i x the b a l l n e xt wee k
7. It is at Mr Foster's request that I'm writing this letter to you.
Mr Foster requ e sted m e to w r ite t h i s le t t e r to y ou.
8. The cost of living has gone up considerably in the last few years.
There has been a considerable rise in the cost of living for the last few y e ar s
9. I expect that they will get there by lunch time.
I expect them to get there by lunch time.
10. I'm sorry I couldn't come to your birthday party last Sunday, John.
Mary apologizes for not coming to John's birthday party last Sund a y .
Exercise 4: Report these sentences Choose the most appropriate reporting verb in parentheses Make it active or passive as appropriate.
1 The teacher said to Jim, 'Would you give your book to Mary, please?' (ask/ Tell/ order)
The teacher a s k ed J i m to g ive h i s b o ok t o M a r y .
(38)Drivers were w a rn e d n ot to p ark in the ar e a.
3 The fire chief said, 'Everyone must leave the building immediately.' (order/ remind/ allow)
Everyone w a s o r de r ed to l e a ve the b u i l d ing i m m ediat e l y.
4 Before Bobby went to bed, his father said, 'Don't forget to brush your teeth.' (invite/ allow/ remind)
Before Bobby went to bed, his father r e m inded him to brush h is t e eth.
5 The teacher said to the students, 'You will have exactly one hour to complete the exam.' (order/ expect/ warn)
The students were e x pected t o co m plete t he e x am in one h o ur . 6 My garage mechanic said, 'You should get a tune-up every 5,000
miles.' (ask/ order/ advise)
My garage mechanic advised me to get a tune-up every 5,000 miles 7 The factory manager said to the employees, 'Do not come late If you
do, you will lost your jobs.' (ask/ warn/ encourage) The employees were warned not to be late.
8 The sign on the side door says, 'Do not enter,' so we have to use a different door (ask/ permit/ force)
Nobody is permitted to use the side door.
9 The judge said to the defendant, 'You must not shout in the courtroom again.' (ask/ order/ encourage)
The defendant was ordered not to shout in the courtroom again. 10 My parents often said to me, 'Good for you! It's good to be
independent!' (remind/ require/ encourage)
My parents o f ten en c ou r a g ed m e to be i n d e penden t
(39)Unit ILLITERACY Lesson 4: WRITING
Task Choose a suitable word from the box to fill in each space of the following paragraph:
went up rise different
declined dramatically varied
The table describes the literacy rates of the population in different parts of the country of Fancy from 1998 to 2007 As can be seen, they (1) vari e d considerably between 1998 and 2007 In the Lowlands, there was a gradual (2) r ise in the number of both males and females who were literate In contrast, the literacy rate in the Midlands (3) declined steadily in both the number of males and females In the Highlands, the trend for literacy rate was (4) di ff erent from the other regions While the number of literate males (5) w ent up sharply between 1998 and 2007, the number of literate females fell (6) dr a m atic a l l y This data may help the researchers or planners make suitable plans for educational development in each area of the country
Task Write a paragraph of about 100 words describing the information in the table below
The table describes the trend of literacy rates in Sunshine country from 1998 to 2007 As can he seen from the data in the table, the literacy rates in Sunshine country rose slightly from 50% to 53% in 2002 in Lowlands There was a dramatic rise in 2007, it reached to 90% In Midlands, the rates increased gradually by 5% in 2007 In
contrast, there was a slight decrease in the rates of literacy in Highlands in the first four years from 1998 to 2002 In the last six years, the rates dropped sharply from 45% to 30% In general, the literacy rates in Sunshine country had tendency to increase over 10 years
Unit ILLITERACY (Bài tập tự luyện)
Exercise 1: Choose the sentence, A, B, C or D, which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
(40)B Jane had to drive her old friend downtown last week C Jane met her old friend downtown unexpectedly D Jane's car crashed into her friend's last week You should have persuaded him to change his mind.
A It was essential to persuade him to change his mind but you didn't B You persuaded him to change his mind but he didn't listen
C You didn't persuade him to change because he didn't mind D It was diffucult to persuade him to change his mind
3 I would never have lent Mike my car if I had known that he had a pastrecord of driving violations.
A I refused to lend Mike my car
B Mike got a speeding ticket while driving my car
C I knew nothing about Mike's driving record, so I lent him my car D Mike drove my car without his driver's license
4 The court found the man innocent of murdering his wife. A The man was judged not guilty of killing his wife B The man was found murdered by his wife
C The court found a murdered man and his wife D The court decided that the man had killed his wife
5 Had I known more about computer programming, I would have worked for a computer company.
A A better knowledge of computer programming will help me find a job in a computer company
B I didn't know much about computer programming, so I didn't work for a computer company
C I wish I knew more about computer programming and could work for a computer company
(41)Exercise 2: Choose the answer - a, b, c, or d -that is nearest in meaning to the sentence printed before
1 She told us to help ourselves to the apples in the basket a She offered us some apples in return for our help b She let us have as many apples as we wanted
c She wanted our help to pick the apples and put them in a basket d She wanted us to all the work ourselves
2 That library book must be returned within one week a The book was brought back last week
b The book should have been returned a week ago c The book hl1S already been borrowed for a week d The book can't be kept longer than a week
3 As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away a He saw her turn away and he waved his hand b He waved his hand at the same time as she did c He waved his hand and at once she turned away d She turned away because he waved his hand too soon 'You broke my glasses,' said the woman to me
a The woman insisted on breaking her glasses b The woman advised me to break her glasses c The woman told me to break her glasses
d The woman blamed me for having broken her glasses The family find it difficult to manage on the money they have
a It's difficult for the family to get by on the money they have b It is difficult for them to earn money
(42)d The family managed to earn enough money to live
Exercise 3: Choose one option that best fits each of the following sentences. received law degrees as today
a Never so many women have b Never have so many women c The women have never d Women who have ever
7 he would have come to class a If Mike is able to finish his homework b Would Mike be able to finish his homework c If Mike could finish his homework
d Had Mike been able to finish his homework
8 The students liked that professor's course because a there was few or no homework
b not a lot of homework
c there was little or no homework
d Of there wasn't a great amount of homework
9 a painter, but he also took an interest in the flight of birds a Not only Rembrandt was
b Although Rembrandt was c Despite Rembrandt being d Not only was Rembrandt
10 that new information to anyone else but the sergeant a They asked him not to give
(43)d They ordered him to give
Exercise 4: Identify the one underlined word or phrase A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
1 Before the nineteenth century, i t was ra r e l y to find organized s y ste m s
A B C
D of adult education
2 Only when the famine gets worse w orld gover n m en t s will begin to act
A B C
D
3 On some streets, it h as against t he law to ride a motorcycle w ithout a helmet
A B C
D
4 Members of hi g h s c hool clubs learn to pa r ticipation in teams through
A B
their invo l v e m ent in c ommunity projec t s
C D
5 Special education is intended h e lp bo t h handicapped and gifted children
A B
to
reach their lear n ing potentials
C D
(44)(Đáp án tập tự luyện)
Exercise 1: Choose the sentence, A, B, C or D, which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
1.Jane ran into her old friend downtown last week. A Jane went downtown to meet her old friend
B Jane had to drive her old friend downtown last week C.Jane met her old friend downtown unexpectedly D Jane's car crashed into her friend's last week You should have persuaded him to change his mind.
A.It was essential to persuade him to change his mind but you didn't B You persuaded him to change his mind but he didn't listen
C You didn't persuade him to change because he didn't mind D It was diffucult to persuade him to change his mind
3 I would never have lent Mike my car if I had known that he had a pastrecord of driving violations.
A I refused to lend Mike my car
B Mike got a speeding ticket while driving my car
C.I knew nothing about Mike's driving record, so I lent him my car D Mike drove my car without his driver's license
4 The court found the man innocent of murdering his wife. A.The man was judged not guilty of killing his wife B The man was found murdered by his wife
C The court found a murdered man and his wife D The court decided that the man had killed his wife
5 Had I known more about computer programming, I would have worked for a computer company.
(45)B.I didn't know much about computer programming, so I didn't work for a computer company
C I wish I knew more about computer programming and could work for a computer company
D Knowing more about computer programming, I would find a job in a computer company
Exercise 2: Choose the answer - a, b, c, or d -that is nearest in meaning to the sentence printed before.
1 She told us to help ourselves to the apples in the basket a She offered us some apples in return for our help b She let us have as many apples as we wanted
c She wanted our help to pick the apples and put them in a basket d She wanted us to all the work ourselves
2 That library book must be returned within one week a The book was brought back last week
b The book should have been returned a week ago c The book hl1S already been borrowed for a week d The book can't be kept longer than a week
3 As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away a He saw her turn away and he waved his hand b He waved his hand at the same time as she did c He waved his hand and at once she turned away d She turned away because he waved his hand too soon 'You broke my glasses,' said the woman to me
a The woman insisted on breaking her glasses b The woman advised me to break her glasses c The woman told me to break her glasses
(46)a It's difficult for the family to get by on the money they have b It is difficult for them to earn money
c The family could manage on the money they have d The family managed to earn enough money to live
Exercise 3: Choose one option that best fits each of the following sentences. received law degrees as today
a Never so many women have b Never have so many women c The women have never d Women who have ever
7 he would have come to class a If Mike is able to finish his homework b Would Mike be able to finish his homework c If Mike could finish his homework
d Had Mike been able to finish his homework
8 The students liked that professor's course because a there was few or no homework
b not a lot of homework
c there was little or no homework
d Of there wasn't a great amount of homework
9 a painter, but he also took an interest in the flight of birds a Not only Rembrandt was
(47)that new information to anyone else but the sergeant a They asked him not to give
b They didn't order him to give c.They asked him to give d.They ordered him to give
Exercise 4: Identify the one underlined word or phrase A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
1 Before the nineteenth century, i t was rarely to find organized s y st e m s
A B C(rare)
D of adult education
2 Onl y when the f a mine gets worse w orld go v er n m ents will begin to act.
A B C(will world
govenments) D
3 On some streets, it ha s against the law to ride a motorcycle without a helmet
A(is) B C
D
4 Members o f high sch o ol clubs learn to participation in teams through A
B(participate)
their invo l v e m ent in community projects
C D
5 Special education is intended help both handicapped and gifted children (To help)A B
to reach their learning potentials