A We are all familiar with the idea that different people have different personalities, but what does this actually mean? It implies that different people behave in[r]
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GIAM THI 1
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Chen dQi HSG 12- LQD2019
(2)M STUDENT'S PAPER
Di6m Hg t6n vi chir ky Mfl phfch
Bing sO Bdng chff Gi6m kh6o I Gi6rn kh6o 2
A- LISTENI N6
Part 1 - You will listen to Gwen Jones talking to Gureth, her grandson, about her life For questions l-4, choose the correct finswer Write your $nswers in the numbered boxes
1 Gareth didn't meet his great uncles because
A they all died B two died and one went to live abroad C Gwen lost touch rvith them D they went to live abroad
2 Life was tough for Auntie Lynn because A" she didn't have a famiiy of her own B her sister died
C she had to bring up her sister's children r.vithout much help D Grven's dad didn't earn much money
3 Gwen regrets that
A she wasn't happy at school B kids are unkind to one another
C young people don't understand the importance of education D she didn't stay longer at school
4 Wher:e did Gwen's husband work r.vhcn they first met'/
A In a butcher's shop B ln Woolwofth's C In a clothes shop D In the steel works Your anslvers here
Part - You will hear a guide taking & group of visitors around a museuffi For questions 1-5, give short answers to the questions write No MORE TIIAN THREE WORDS AND/ORA NUMBER tckenfrom the recording l{rite your answers in the numbered boxes
1 When was the museum founded?
2 What can visitors find in the cellar storerooms?
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1 J1
(3)3 What needs modernizing?
4 I{ow long is the Rutland Dinosaur?
5 Which part of the Rutland Dinosaur was made of Polystyrene?
Your answers here
Part - You will hear a dialogue about property development For questtons I-5, deeide whether the foltowing statements are True (T) or False (F) Write your answers in the numbered boxes
1 The process of buying a house, improving it and selling it for a profit is called money making Marcus says that buyers need to their homework before they buy a house at an auction
3 When renovating a house, Marcus suggests that buyers think about what fittings future occupants will need"
4 People advertise in newspapers because they want to sell their homes at lower price Marcus suggests contacting the land registry if you find an empty house
Your answers here
Part 4 - You will heur purt of u talk by time management expert Duvitl Markham, For questions l-8,
complete each sentence with NO MORE TIIAN TWO WORDS tuken from the recording, Write your answers in the numbered boxes
David says that the key to good time management is (1)
It's important to have (2) expectations of what you can achieve David warns that (3) can prevent us achieving what we set out to He recommends giving priority to (4) if we feel overwhelmed David advised against always trying to (5) in our work
Housework requires the same (6) that we need to exercise at work David suggests we should reserve time for those pursuits we find (7)
He says it is a mistake to think of the (8) as a fbrm of relaxation
Your answers here
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1
a
J +
1
a
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5
(4)B LEXTCO & GRAMMAR
Part 1 * For questions 1-16, choose the best optton to complete eack sentence Write your ilnswers in the numbered boxes"
1 She ran as fast as she could; otherwise, she her bus
A would miss B would have missed C missed D had missed 2 is that a chicken stands up to lay its eggs
A Because many people don't realize B That many people don't rcalize C It is that many people don't realize f) What many people don't realize Of all entries received, his was out for special raise
A isolated B brought C opted D singled They are bring in changes to the way the office is run
A.large B radical C deep D immense
5 The party rather well Everyone seemed to have enjoyed themselves
A went off B came forward C folded up D got over The art teacher gave the children a free in their creative compositions
A offer B gift C kick D hand
7 When you come down the hill, do drive slowly because it is not obvious where the turning is A immediately B directly C instantaneously D quite
8 Mr Simkins is the big Managing Director
in the compan)' as he has iust been promoted to the position of
A bread B cheese C apple D meat
9" ln the modem area, the increased international mor,ement of peopie has greatl_v the destruction of
languages
A speeded B urged C accelerated D hurried
10 I reckon Martin is of a nervous breakdou,n
A in charge B under suspicion C indicative D on the verge
1 There is no room for " if we want to stay in this competition!
A complaisance B competence C complacency D commendation
12 Tempers began to as the lorries forced their way through the picket lines
A break B fray C grate D fire
13 Customs officials an attempt to smuggle the paintings out of the country A shunned B seized C executed D foiled
14 I have made plans to take a trip to Seattle in July
A culpable B sagacious C exemplary D tentative
A whichever B which C whatever D what
16 I take avery dim of this kind of behavior I think that it is unacceptable
(5)A point
Your answers here
D hint
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5
9 10 11 l2
13 14 15 t6
Part 2- For qaestions l-10, supply the cowect.form of each word in capital Write your flnswers in the corr esp on ding n umb er ed b oxes
Part - For questions 1-10,ft11in euch blsnk with a suitable PREPOSITION or PARTICLE Writeyour answers in the numbered boxes
1 The teenager took his father's credit card and ran 7,000 dollars' worth of purchases 2 Don't believe her when she says she's got stomachache She's putting it She just wants to get out of going to school
3 I've always found his auitude me rather puzzling
4 If you want to have an evening out, the child is sure to be quite safe the care of a baby sitter 5 The younger worker can be trusted the work, he won't spoil it.
6 Frank was not cut for the job of a policeman because of his excitable character 7 Have the authorities finished looking
Chsn dOi HSG 12- LQD2019
C view
the cause of the explosion yet?
Page 4ll3
POWER NAPS
Power napping is an effective, and under-used tool It is a quick, intense sleep which (1) DRAMA improves alertness These naps are especially useful for those whose sleep is constrained by a (2) DEMAND schedule: for example, mothers of smali children or travelling business (3) EXECUTE However, the conditions must be right and practice is required for maximum effect
Power naps should be short, between ten and twenty-five minutes, to prevent (4) ORIENT on awakening in such a short time, but (5) ACQUIRE of the habit is simply a question of practice At the (6) OUT, it is more important to relax for a while than actually fall asleep
Power napping is not a good idea if you find it difficult to wake up at the (7) DESIGN time or have problems sleeping at night after a power nap in the day
The kind of dozing that can (8) COMPANY a sensation of overwhelming (9) SLEEP is not a true power nap, but a desperate attempt to compensate for
a poor sleep routine
However, with practice? you will find that power naps can lead to a welcome (10) ENHANCE of your performance when you need it most
1 J i L+ 10
(6)8 It's impossible to live on the low unemployment benefit I come from the govemment
9 Everybody put Mr Spark's success
to entrust their money with him
to his extraordinary cleverness at persuading people
10 Many a change has been brought in the climate by global warming
Your answers here I
C READING
Part l- Read the following passoge and choose the options tltat best complete tlre blanks l{rite your zttsn)ers in the ruumbered boxes
Smart Shoes
Smart shoes that adjust their size throughout the day could soon be available A prototype has already been produced and a commercial version may be (1) production r.vithin a l'er.v years" The shoe
contains sensors tl'rat constantly check the amount of room left in it If the foot has become too large, a tiny
valve opens and the shoe (2) slightly The entire control system is about 5'"n' square and is located inside the shoe T'his radical shoe (3) " a need because the volume of ttre average foot can change by as much as 8o/o during the course of the day, The s)'stem is able to ieam about the 'uvearer's t'eet and
(4) up a picture of the size of his or her t'eet throughorit the da.v It rvill allorv the shoes to change in size by up to 8Yo so that they always f,rt (5) They are obviously more comfortable and less
likely to cause blisters From an athlete's point of view they can help improve (6) " "a little, and that is why the fir'st (7) , for the system is likei1,to be in a sports shoe Eventuallv this s.vstem will
find a (8) in man.v other household items fiom beds that automaticail.v change to fit the person sleeping in them to power tools that (9) themseh,es to the user's hand for better grip There is ilo reason why the system couldn't be adapted for use in hundreds of consumer (10)
1 A under B in C on D for
2 A amplifies B develops C expands D increases A detects B finds C meets D faces A build B pick C grow D set
5 A exactly B absolutely C completely D totally A achievement B performance C success D winning A purpose B exercise C use D operation
8 A function B part C way D place A shape B change C respond D convert
10 A commodities B possessions C goods D objects Your answers here
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6 10
(7)1 )a
6 10
Purt 2 - Read the p$sssge andft,ll in each blsnk u,ith ONE suitable word
Whitney Houston was the youngest of three children born to John and Cissy Houston in East Orange, New Jersey She was born (1) a musical family as her mother was a successful R&B backup singer, her father was Cissy's agent, and her cousin was Dionne Warwick (John Houston later became Whitrey's agent.)
Houston grew up in East Orange, New Jersey and (2) began singing in the Baptist church As a
teen she sang (3) for Lou Rawls and Chaka Khan and worked as a model, and appeared on the cover of magazines such as Glamour and Seventeen
She broke into the music industry in 1985 (4) she signed a record contract with Arista Records
and produced her (5) album, lYhitney Houston She received her first (irammy Award for one of the number one songs on the album, "Saving A11 My Love lbr You." Fler second album, Whitney, was the first album by a lemale artist to enter the charts at number one
Whitney has since receirred numerous Grammys, and became the first perfcrmer to have seven (6)
number one singles on the Billboard magazine pop-music charts She has also enjoyed a
successful (7) as anactress in leadroles lbr suchmoviesasT'he BodygttardandV{laiting fo Exhale
She has (8) most olthe music fbr the soundtracks in these fllms.
Whitney is involved with (9) humanitarian organizations as the llnited Negro College Fund, the Children's Diabetes Fund, and St Jude's Children's Hospital She (10) The Whitney Houston Foundation fbr Children, Incorporated, a nonprofit organization assisting homeless children and children with cancer and AIDS.
Your answers here
Part 3- Yau are gaing to reud an article efiout an underwater maseum Six sentences have been removed
from the text" Cleoose from the sentences A-H tlte one which fits each gap (1-6) There are two extrs sentences which you tlo not need to use Write your answers in the numbered boxes,
T]NDERWATER WORLD
If you want to dive in clear blue waters, find rich marine life and swim over the remains thrown away by ancient sailors, the tiny island of Ustica is the place to go This island, 60km from the Italian coast, is the site of Europe's only rurderwater museum (1)
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Chqn dQi FISG 12- LQD2019 Page 6l13
(8)The clear waters attract some of the world's best underwater divers The International Academy of
Underwater Sciences, which was set up to encourage underwater exploration, is based in Ustica" (2)
Dr Honor Frost, a Bristish underwater archaeologist and Golden Triden winner, believes that Ustica shows that some underwater remains are best left in the surroundings where they have been preserved for centuries (3)
According to Frost, the establishment of the underwater muselrm has made an interesting area of seafloor, together with the objects which fell to it in antiquity, safe for future study (4)
For example, it is puzzling that only iron anchors of quite a late date seem to have been lost there, despite local evidence of sea trade during a period nearly four thousand years ago, when stone anchors would have
been in use Among the anchors and other remains there are an extraordinary number of Roman millstones, which were widely traded throughout the ancient world (5)
'Ihe charm of Llstica's underwater world, though, is not only in its historical objects The sea of Ustica, as tirr as five kilometers from the coast, is considered to possess to Italy's best under"water reserves, as well as
some of the clearest waters in the Mediter:ranean (5) " .You dive into a world of wonderful archaeological remains and fantastic colours : bright coral an astonishing variety ol searveeds and colonies of sponges
A - Many questions remain to be ansrvered about the museum site
B - Above these, within 15 metres of the surf'ace divers can see octopus and all kinds of fish
C - Made of volcanic rock they were carried by corn ships heading from Rome to the ports of the north African coast
D * This excellent visibility - often open up to 20 metl'es - makes it a great place for underwater photography
Il - This gives divers the experience of underwater archaeology without disturbing important sites
F - However this section of the museum, although already accessible to diving visitors still contains material of interest to researchers
G - This month it presented its Golden Trident awards, the underwater equivalent of the Nobel prizes, which have been awarded annirally since 1960
FI - Only here can divers explore labelled exhibits snch as anchors, pots and millstones, which t'ell to the
sea tloor centuries ago
Your answers here
Purt - The reading p$ssilge has seven paragraphs A-G Choose the comect headingfor each paragraph
from the list below, Write your onswers in the numbered boxes List of Headings
i A degree of control
Chqn dQi HSG 12- LQD2019 Page 7ll3
(9)ii Where research has been carried out into the effects of family on personality
iii Categorising personality features according to their origin
iv A variety of reactions in similar situations
\, A link between personality and aspects of our lives that aten't chosen
vi A possible theory that cannot be true
vii Measuringpersonality
viii Potentially harmful effects of emotions \s' tfqw qut Llves c.actelnfatce out qssa(alitLss
x Differences between men's and women's personalities Example:
l.Paragraph A iu,,
2 Paragraph B 4 Paragraph E
5 Paragraph F
6 Paragraph G
3 Paragraph C _ Paragraph D
\Yhat is personality?
A We are all familiar with the idea that different people have different personalities, but what does this actually mean? It implies that different people behave in different ways, but it must be more than that After all, different people find themselves in difl'erent circumstances, and much of their behaviour follows from this fact However, our cofllmon experience reveals that different people respond in quite remarkably different ways even when faced with roughly the same circumstances Alan might be happy to iive alone in a quiet and orderly cottage, go out once a week, and stay in the same job for thirty years, whilst Beth
likes nothing better than exotic travel and being surrorinded by vivacious friends and loud music
B In cases like these, we feel that it cannot be just the situation which is producing the differences in behaviour Something about the way the person is 'wired up' seems to be at work, determining how they react to situations, and, more than that, the kind of situations they get themselves into in the first place This is why personality seems to become stronger as we get older; when we are Yoffig, our situation reflects extemal tbctors such as the social and family environment we were bom into As we grow older, we are more and more affected by the consequences of our own choices (doing jobs that we were drawn to, surounded by people like us whom we have sought out) Thus, personality ditferences that might have been very slight at bir"th become dramatic in later adulthood
C Personality, then, seems to be the set of enduring and stable dispositions that characterise a
person These dispositions come partly from the expression of inherent features of the nervous system, and partly from learning Researchers sometimes distinguish between temperament, which refers exclusively to characteristics that are inborn or directly caused by biological factors, and personality, which also includes social and cultural learning Nervousness, for example, might be a factor of
temperament, but religious piety is an aspect of personality
(10)D The discovery that temperamental dilferences are real is one of the maior findings of
contemporary psychology It could easily have been the case that there were no intrinsic differences between people in temperarnent, so that given the same learning history, the same dilemmas, they would all respond in much the same way Yet we now knorry that this is not the case
E Personality measures turn out to be good predictors of your health, how happy you typically are
- even your taste in paintings Personality is a much better predictor of these things than social class or age The origin of these diff'erences is in part innate That is to say, when people ale adopted at birth and brought up by nerv tamilies, their personalities are more similar to those o1'their blood relatives than to the ones they grew up with.
F Personality differences tend to manifest themselves through the quiok, gut-feeling, intuitive and emotional systems of the hnnran mind The slorver, rational, deliberate systems show less variation in output fiorn person to person
l)eliberate rational strategies can be used to orrerride intuitive patterns of response, and this is how peopie wishing to change their personalities or feelings have to go about it As human beings, we have the unique ability to look in at our personality lrom the outside and decide what we want to with it
G So what are the major \vays personalities can differ? The dominant approach is to think of the
space of possible personalities as being defined by a number of dimensions, Each person can be given a
location in the space by their scores on allthe dilTerent dimensions Virtuail-v ai1 theories agree on two of the main dimensions, neuroticism (or negative emotionalit)') and extroversion (or positive emotionality) Hon'ever they difler on horv rnany additional ones they recognise Among the most influential proposals are openlless conscientiousness and agreeableness In the next section I shall examine these five dimensions
Your anslyers here
Part 5- You are going to read the introduction from a book on sports For question 1-5, choose the snswer (A, B, C, or D) which you think Jits best according to the texffiWrite your answers in the numbered boxes
SPORTSWRITING
Offices and bars are fulI of casual obscenity, but most British newspapers are well, not necessarily careful about language, but careful about bad words anyway The phrase'family newspaper'is an ineluctable part of our lives Newspapers are not in the business of giving gratuitous offence It is a limitation of newspaper writing, and one everybody in the business, whether witing or reading, understands and accepts There are many other necessary limitations, and most of these concem time and space
Newspapers have dominated sportswriting in Britain for years, and have produced their own totem figures and doyens But ten years ago, a new player entered the game This was the phenomenon of men's magazines; monthly magazines for men that had actual words in them - words for actually reading GQ was
1 aJ
(11)the pioneer and, in my totally unbiased opinion as the long-term author of the magazine's sports column, it
leads the way still, leaving the rest panting distantly in its wake
Sport, is of course, a blindingly obvious subject for a men's magazite - but it could not be tacked in a
blindingly obvious way Certainly, one of the first things GQwas able to oflbr was a new way of writing about sport, but this was not so much a cunning plan as a necessity .The magazine was doomed, as it were, to offer a whole new range of freedoms to its sportwriters Heady and rather alarming freedoms Freedom of vocabulary was simply the most obvious one and, inevitably, it appealed to the schoolboy within us But space and time were the others, and these possibilities meant that the craft of sportswriting had to be reinvented
Unlike newspapers, afiragazine can offer a decent length of time to research and to write These are, you would think, luxuries - especially to those of us who are often required to read an 800-word match report over the telephone the instant the final whistle has gone Such a discipline is nerve-racking, but as long as
you can get it done at all, yol have done a good job No one expects a masterpiece under such
circumstances In some ways the ferocious restrictions make the job easier But a long magazine deadline gives you the disconcerting and agoraphobic freedom to researeh, to wtite, to think
To write a piece for a newspaper, at about a quarler of the massive GQlenglh, you require a single thought The best method is to find a really good idea, and then to pursue it remorselessly to the end, where ideally
you make a nice joke and bale out stylishly If it is an interview piece, you look for a few good quotes, and if you get them, that's your piece written for you For a longer piece, you must seek the non-obvious This is a good quality in the best of newspaper writing, but an absolute essential for any writer who hopes to complete the terri$ring amount of words thatGQrequires If you write for GQyau are condemned to try
and join the best There is no other way
GQ is not restricted by the same conventions of reader expectation as a newspaper You need not worry about offending people or alienating them; the whole ethos of the magazine is that readers are there to be challenged There will be readers who would find some of its pieces offensive or even impossible in a
newspaper, or even in a differenl magaaine But the same readers will read the piece inGQ and find it
enthralling
That is because the magazine is always slightly uncomfortable to be with It is not like a cosy member of the family, nor even like a friend I1 is the strong, self-opinionated person that you can never quite make up your mind whether you like or not You admire him, but you are slightly uneasy with him The people around him might not altogether approve of everything he says; some might not care for him at all But they feel compelled to listen The self-confidence is too compelling And just when you think he is beginning to become rather a bore, he surprises you with his genuine intelligence He makes a broad joke,
and then suddeniy he is demanding you follow him in the turning of an intellectual somersault
L What does the writer say about newspepers in the {irst paragraph?
A They tend not to include articles readers will find very challenging
B Articles in them not reflect the way people really speak"
(12)C They are more concerned with profit than with quality of writing.
D They fail to realise what kind of writing would appeal to readers What does the writer imply in the second paragraph?
A GQ magazine contains articles that are well worth reading B Some of the more recent men's magazines are unlikely to survive
C The standard of sportswriting in newspapers has improved in recent times
D He is in a position to give an objective view of sportswriting in magazines Why were sportswriters for GQ given new freedoms?
A Some restrictions of newspaper writing do not apply to writing for GQ B The magazine's initial plans for its sporls articles proved unrealistic
C Notions about what made good sports joumalism were changing
D The writers that it wanted to employ demanded greater freedom
4 What does the writer say about the amount of time allowed for producing articles?
A The best articles are often produced under great pressure of time
B Having a long time to produce an article encourages laziness
C Writers are seldom satisfied by articles produced in a hurry
D Having very little time to produce an article can be an advantage
5 What does the writer say in the penultimate paragraph about certain pieces in GQ?
A They will create enoffnous controversy
B They unintentionally upset some of its readers
C They are a response to demand from readers
D They are a good fit for the GQ reader Your answers here
I}- WRITING
Part I - Finish each of the sentences with the given beginning so that the new sentence has the same meaning as the previoas one
1 The two sides never looked likely to reach an agreement ->At no time "
2 It doesn't matter which chemical you put into the mixture first The result will be the same
-> It makes
3 Such a ridiculous proposal isn't worth serious consideration -> Thereis
4 You must concentrate on your work more
) you must apply
5 The fund- raisers haven't officially decided where to send the proceeds of the concert
I ,,
3
(13)-> No
Part - Rewrite each of the sentences with the given word so that the new sentence has the same meaning
as the previoas one
1 The success of our local theatre has made the city famous MAP -> The
2 Since there wasn't a better alternative, I accepted the job ABSENCE -> Itt
3 You should observe the task carefully betbre you decide WEATHER
-> You
4 In his new book, the writer presents an interesting theory of art FORWARD -> In his
5 The board met secretly to discuss changes in company policy DOORS -> The
Purt - Write an essoy on thefollowing topict
"Nowadays the way most people interact with each other has changed because of technology In
your opinion, has this trend become a positive or negative development".
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledle or experience You should write about 250 words
Your answer here
(14)Chqn dOi HSG I2-LQD20L9
THE END