Preview cracking the SAT with 5 practice tests, 2019 edition by the princeton review (2019)

Preview Cracking the SAT with 5 Practice Tests, 2019 Edition by The Princeton Review (2019) Preview Cracking the SAT with 5 Practice Tests, 2019 Edition by The Princeton Review (2019) Preview Cracking the SAT with 5 Practice Tests, 2019 Edition by The Princeton Review (2019) Preview Cracking the SAT with 5 Practice Tests, 2019 Edition by The Princeton Review (2019) Preview Cracking the SAT with 5 Practice Tests, 2019 Edition by The Princeton Review (2019)

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Reprinted by permission of Copyright Clearance Center The Wretched of the Earth by Frantz Fanon, English translation copyright © 1963 by Présence Africaine Used by permission of Grove/Atlantic, Inc Any third party use of this material, outside of this publication, is prohibited Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, copyright © 2013 by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Used by permission of Alfred A Knopf, an imprint of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, a division of Penguin Random House LLC All rights reserved Editor: Colleen Day Production Editors: Liz Rutzel and Harmony Quiroz Production Artist: Deborah A Weber Cover art by Frank Tozier / Alamy Stock Photo Cover design by Suzanne Lee v5.3.1 a Acknowledgments An SAT course is much more than clever techniques and powerful computer score reports The reason our results are great is that our teachers care so much about their students Many teachers have gone out of their way to improve the course, often going so far as to write their own materials, some of which we have incorporated into our course manuals as well as into this book The list of these teachers could fill this page Special thanks to Jonathan Chiu and all those who contributed to this year’s edition: Amy Minster, Elizabeth Owens, Alice Swan, Chris Chimera, Cat Healey, Jim Havens, Aaron Lindh, Stefan Maisnier, Jess Thomas, Anne Goldberg, Chris Aylward, Spencer LeDoux, Douglas McLemore, Michelle McCannon, Leah Murnane, and Anthony Krupp Thanks to Sara Soriano, Brian Becker, Joelle Cotham, Julia Ayles, Lori DesRochers, Bobby Hood, Aaron Lindh, Garrison Pierzynski, NicoleHenriette Pirnie, Ed Carroll, Pete Stajk, David Stoll, and Curtis Retherford for their work on previous iterations of this title Special thanks to Adam Robinson, who conceived of and perfected the Joe Bloggs approach to standardized tests and many of the other successful techniques used by The Princeton Review We are also, as always, very appreciative of the time and attention given to each page by Liz Rutzel, Harmony Quiroz, and Deborah Weber Finally, we would like to thank the people who truly have taught us everything we know about the SAT: our students Contents Cover Title Page Copyright Acknowledgments Foreword Get More (Free) Content Part I: Orientation The SAT, The Princeton Review, and You Cracking the SAT: Basic Principles Part II: How to Crack the Reading Test The Reading Test: Basic Approach More Question Types Reading Drills Part III: How to Crack the Writing and Language Test Introduction to Writing and Language Strategy Punctuation Words Questions Part IV: How to Crack the Math Test 10 SAT Math: The Big Picture 11 Fun with Fundamentals 12 Algebra: Cracking the System 13 Other Algebra Strategies 14 Advanced Arithmetic 15 Functions and Graphs 16 Geometry 17 Grid-Ins Part V: How to Crack the Essay 18 Reading and Analyzing the Essay Passage 19 Writing the Essay Part VI: Taking the SAT Part VII: Practice Tests Practice Test Practice Test 1: Answers and Explanations Practice Test Practice Test 2: Answers and Explanations Practice Test Practice Test 3: Answers and Explanations Practice Test Practice Test 4: Answers and Explanations Foreword Welcome to Cracking the SAT! The SAT is not a test of aptitude, how good of a person you are, or how successful you will be in life The SAT simply tests how well you take the SAT And performing well on the SAT is a skill, one that can be learned like any other The Princeton Review was founded more than 30 years ago on this very simple idea, and—as our students’ test scores show—our approach is the one that works Sure, you want to well on the SAT, but you don’t need to let the test intimidate you As you prepare, remember two important things about the SAT: It doesn’t measure the stuff that matters It measures neither intelligence nor the depth and breadth of what you’re learning in high school It doesn’t predict college grades as well as your high school grades Colleges know there is more to you as a student—and as a person—than what you in a single 3-hour test administered on a random Saturday morning It underpredicts the college performance of women, minorities, and disadvantaged students Historically, women have done better than men in college but worse on the SAT For a test that is used to help predict performance in college, that’s a pretty poor record Your preparation for the SAT starts here We at The Princeton Review spend millions of dollars every year improving our methods and materials so that students are always ready for the SAT, and we’ll get you ready too However, there is no magic pill: Just buying this book isn’t going to improve your scores Solid score improvement takes commitment and effort from you If you read this book carefully and work through the problems and practice tests included in the book, not only will you be well-versed in the format of the SAT and the concepts it tests, you will also have a sound overall strategy and a powerful arsenal of test-taking strategies that you can apply to whatever you encounter on test day In addition to the comprehensive review in Cracking the SAT, we’ve included additional practice online, accessible through our website —PrincetonReview.com—to make it even more efficient at helping you to improve your scores Before doing anything else, be sure to register your book at PrincetonReview.com/cracking When you do, you’ll gain access to the most up-to-date information on the SAT, as well as more SAT and college admissions resources The more you take advantage of the resources we’ve included in this book and the online student tools that go with it, the better you’ll on the test Read the book carefully and learn our strategies Take the full-length practice tests under actual timed conditions Analyze your performance and focus your efforts where you need improvement Perhaps even study with a friend to stay motivated Attend a free event at The Princeton Review to learn more about the SAT and how it is used in the college admissions process Search our website for an event that will take place near you! This test is challenging, but you’re on the right track We’ll be with you all the way Good luck! The Staff of The Princeton Review roles As you can see, these questions can be answered correctly if you take the specific steps discussed here Make sure you read the questions carefully and that you answer those questions as precisely and consistently as you can The same goes for charts and graphs on the Writing and Language Test Don’t let the strangeness of the charts throw you off! Just read the graphs with as much precision as you can and choose the most precise answers possible Let’s have a look at one Even as women’s roles in high-level positions, such as Congress, have increased almost five-fold since 1981, the pay that women receive relative to men has increased by only approximately 33% Which of the following choices gives information consistent with the graph? A) NO CHANGE B) women’s wages have increased by over 80% C) the wages of women in Congress have decreased D) the efforts of women in Congress to raise wages have failed Here’s How to Crack It The question asks you to find which choice agrees with the graph It looks like “Women in Congress” goes up significantly where “Women’s Pay” remains relatively consistent The only choice that reflects that trend is (A) Choice (B) misreads the graph, and (C) and (D) can’t be supported one way or the other Choice (A) is therefore the correct answer In general, graphs on the SAT Reading and Writing and Language Tests are very straightforward, and the fundamental question they ask is, “Can you read a graph?” These are easy points as long as you read the graphs carefully and use POE CONCLUSION As you have seen in this chapter, the SAT can ask a lot of different kinds of questions, but you’re not going to have anything really crazy thrown at you The most important rules to remember, aside from the punctuation rules, are consistency and precision If you choose answers that are precise and consistent with other information in the passage, you should be good to go Just be sure to answer the question! Treat Yourself You’ve reached the end of the Writing and Language section! Give yourself a little relaxation time by going for a walk, reading a book (not this one!), or listening to some music or favorite podcast Your brain deserves a break! Writing and Language Drill Answers can be found on this page Time: 7–8 minutes —1— Genre in Hollywood movies is a constant but inconstant thing Horror, Western, and Sci-Fi movies are made every year, but the number of movies produced in each genre fluctuates annually For example, as the number of Westerns has stayed at or below about 25 per year since the 1960s, the number of Zombie and Vampire films has risen, with Zombie films increasing nearly six-fold Which of the following choices would best introduce the essay by pointing to the variability in interest in different types of movies? A) NO CHANGE B) While many movie genres are staples in Hollywood, the popularity of these genres has changed over time C) Everyone knows that the highest form of Hollywood film is the drama D) There’s a lot that you may not know about how films are made in Hollywood Which of the following gives information consistent with the graph? A) NO CHANGE B) has risen, with Vampire films increasing nearly six-fold C) has declined, with Zombie film production decreasing by a sixth D) has declined, with Vampire film production decreasing by a sixth —2— While the saying goes that there’s “no accounting for the public’s taste,” lots of people like lots of different things Why should the number of Westerns have remained relatively low while the number of Zombie films has skyrocketed? Maybe we should ask the question another way: what people today get from Zombie films that they don’t from Westerns? Which of the following choices would offer the most effective transition between the previous paragraph and the current one? A) NO CHANGE B) these trends nonetheless invite us to try C) a lot of people don’t even care about Zombie movies D) science has not yet shown that zombies exist —3— Westerns dominated the 1920s Zombie films have dominated the 1990s and 2000s Beginning with these facts alone, we can start to see why these films might have been popular in different eras The 1920s, for instance, was an American moment of crusade Only a tough sheriff, the kind one might get in an old-west town, could find the perfect balance between justice and brutality Thus, if the world could not be contained by law and order, at least here was an imaginary space that could be in the West The writer is considering deleting the phrase in different eras and ending the sentence with a period after the word popular Should the phrase be kept or deleted? A) Kept, because the meaning of the sentence changes without the phrase B) Kept, because it is interesting to think about history and film together C) Deleted, because the essay is more concerned with the genres’ popularity across time periods D) Deleted, because the essay is already dull and could stand to have some words removed At this point, the writer wants to insert an idea that will support the idea given in the previous sentence (“The 1920s…crusade”) Which of the following true statements would offer that support? A) These were crusades altogether distinct from those conducted by the Catholic Church starting in 1095 B) The United States is still interested in crusade today, so it’s hard to see why they don’t make as many Westerns anymore C) Led by Woodrow Wilson’s plan for a U.S.-led League of Nations, the world, reeling from World War I, wanted justice among the outlaws D) The stock market wouldn’t crash for another nine years, at which point people would really freak out Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? A) brutality, and if B) brutality: if C) brutality; thus, if D) brutality, thus, if —4— It may seem that genre conventions never change Because they never change, it probably seems like a Western today follows the same set of rules as a Western from 100 years ago What the rise in Zombie films shows, however, is that the genres themselves change, and they provide different things to different eras This is not to say that one genre is better than the other—that it’s better, for instance, to watch a tough cowboy fight off a gang of cattle rustlers—but it is to say that these genres hold a lot more than their mere entertainment value Which of the following gives the most effective way to combine the previous two sentences, reproduced below? It may seem that genre conventions never change Because they never change, it probably seems like a Western today follows the same set of rules as a Western from 100 years ago A) (keep the sentences as they are) B) It may seem that genre conventions never change; because of it, it could be argued that a Western today follows the same set of rules as a Western from 100 years ago C) It may seem that genre conventions never change: a Western today follows the same set of rules as a Western from 100 years ago D) Because Westerns today follow the same set of rules as they did 100 years ago, it seems to most outside observers that genre conventions never change At this point, the author is considering adding the following true statement: For what it’s worth, my personal favorite is Jacques Tourneur’s I Married a Zombie, which is based loosely on Jane Eyre Should the writer make this addition here? A) Yes, because the essay as a whole is filled with these kinds of examples and personal preferences B) Yes, because the author’s quirky choice shows that he has an off-beat perspective C) No, because the author’s strange choice disqualifies him from discussing popular taste D) No, because the essay as a whole is not primarily focused on the author’s personal preferences —5— The 1990s and 2000s, dominated as they are by Zombie films, show that contemporary conflicts are not so far away Although we now have the world at the click of a button, Zombie films show that we are not all that interested in that world Instead, we are interested in and suspicious of the people around us Whether coworkers or fellow students, the people around us, especially when viewed as a mass, can seem almost “dead.” And the reasons for this are fairly obvious: our private or online personalities have become so robust that the “real world” outside cannot help but seem dull or claustrophobic by comparison 10 Question 11 asks about the previous passage as a whole Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would be LEAST acceptable? A) taken B) espied C) seen D) regarded 10 The writer is considering replacing the word robust in the preceding sentence with the word healthy Should the writer make the change or keep the sentence as it is? A) Make the change, because the word robust is not familiar to many readers B) Make the change, because the word healthy provides a more accurate representation of people’s medical conditions C) Keep the sentence as it is, because the word healthy changes the meaning in a way inconsistent with the passage as a whole D) Keep the sentence as it is, because the word robust keeps the level of vocabulary within the passage at an appropriately high level Think about the previous passage as a whole as you answer question 11 11 The best placement for paragraph would be A) where it is now B) before paragraph C) after paragraph D) after paragraph WRITING AND LANGUAGE DRILL 4: ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS B The question asks for the choice that points out the potential confusion in how to understand the role of genre Choice (A) implies that a paradox might exist but does not point it out; eliminate (A) Choices (C) and (D) not discuss genre and are therefore unrelated, so eliminate (C) and (D) Choice (B) is the correct answer A Here you need to find the answer choice that is consistent with the graph The graph shows how the numbers of vampire and zombie films have increased since 1950 Choices (C) and (D) are not consistent with this information; eliminate them Zombie films have increased dramatically, from about 10 in 1960 to about 55 in 2000, while vampire movies went from about 15 to about 40 Because vampire movies did not increase nearly six-fold, eliminate (B) Choice (A) is the correct answer B The question asks you to identify the correct transition between the paragraph about trends involving Western, zombie, and vampire movies and the current paragraph Choice (A) does not address either paragraph, so eliminate (A) Choice (C) mentions zombie movies, but not in relation to the trends, so eliminate (C) Choice (D) mentions zombies but not in relation to movies; get rid of (D) Choice (B) mentions the trends and introduces a discussion, and is therefore the correct answer A The question asks about deleting the phrase in different eras The topic of the paragraph is why different genres dominated in different time periods, so the phrase is necessary to keep this sentence consistent with the paragraph Eliminate (C) and (D) The phrase is important to the meaning of the sentence Choice (A) is correct C Here you’re looking for the statement that supports the idea of American crusade Choice (A) contains an unrelated reference to the Catholic Church; eliminate (A) Choice (B) relates the information to today, which is not the time period in question, so eliminate (B) Choice (D) contains unrelated information about the stock market crash that happened years later, so eliminate (D) Choice (C) mentions the postwar crusade mentioned in the previous sentence and is the correct answer D You’re looking for an alternate form of punctuation that would not be acceptable Since the original underlined portion contains a period, the ideas before and after the punctuation must be complete Therefore, replacing a period with a comma-conjunction pair or with a semicolon would be acceptable Eliminate (A) and (C) Choice (B) makes use of the colon, which can be used between two complete ideas Choice (B) is acceptable, so eliminate (B) Choice (D) uses a comma without one of the FANBOYS in place of STOP punctuation, so this is incorrect Choice (D) is the correct answer C The question asks for the most effective way to combine the sentences Because (A) repeats the phrase never change, eliminate (A), as it is not concise Choice (B) includes the phrase because of it, but the use of the ambiguous pronoun it nullifies this choice as well Choice (D) adds the phrase to outside observers, which is neither necessary nor concise Thus, (C) is the most concise option and is the correct answer D This question asks whether a statement about the author’s personal favorite zombie movie should be included in the paragraph The essay is about the overall trends and changes regarding movie genres, not someone’s personal preferences Because it is not consistent with the topic of the passage, not add the sentence Eliminate (A) and (B) The reason for not adding the sentence is not related to the choice of movie, but rather to the unrelated focus on personal preference The correct answer is (D) B Here you’re looking for the option that is least acceptable when used in place of viewed in the phrase viewed as a mass Taken, seen, and regarded would all have a meaning consistent with the intended meaning in the sentence Espied, while related to the verbs view and see, has a different meaning Espy means “to spot” or “to catch sight of” something, which is not consistent with the meaning of the other verbs here Eliminate (A), (C), and (D) Choice (B) is the correct answer 10 C The question asks if robust should be changed to healthy to describe online personalities The sentence describes the excitement of online personalities as the reason people feel real life is dull Healthy would not make the same point, and the meaning would not be consistent with the rest of the paragraph Keep robust Eliminate (A) and (B) The reason for keeping the original word has nothing to with the level of difficulty of the vocabulary, just the consistent meaning of the passage Eliminate (D) Choice (C) is correct 11 D This questions asks about the placement of the paragraph, which discusses how contemporary conflicts of the 1990s and 2000s relate to the popularity of particular genres This is similar to paragraph 3, which discusses how the American crusade related to the popularity of Westerns in the 1920s Therefore, paragraph should be placed after paragraph Choice (D) is the correct answer Summary The most important thing to remember about Writing and Language questions is that you must notice those questions and then answer those questions Don’t miss out on some of the easiest points on the whole test by not reading carefully enough Always answer questions in the most precise way possible When answering consistency questions, keep this general rule in mind: Writing and Language passages should be judged on what they say, not on what they could say When dealing with style, tone, and focus, work with the words and phrases the passage has already used There will be charts or graphs on the Writing and Language Test, but don’t let that throw you off Just read the graphs with as much precision as you would a passage and choose the most precise answers possible ... you’re on the right track We’ll be with you all the way Good luck! The Staff of The Princeton Review Go to PrincetonReview.com /cracking Enter the following ISBN for your book: 978 152 4 757 861 Answer... Writing the Essay Part VI: Taking the SAT Part VII: Practice Tests Practice Test Practice Test 1: Answers and Explanations Practice Test Practice Test 2: Answers and Explanations Practice Test Practice. .. successful you will be in life The SAT simply tests how well you take the SAT And performing well on the SAT is a skill, one that can be learned like any other The Princeton Review was founded more