Implementation open-source gis in road asset management systems in Uzbekistan

Open-source software is widely used in academia and industry. The paper highlights the major advantages of open-source QGIS software in road asset management in Uzbekistan. It shows steps on how to obtain maps and importing road conditions data. QGIS offers wide ranges of functionality to visualize, analyze and manage road condition data. Road M39 was selected for analysis and road conditions data were used to visualize the IRI roughness index.

IMPLEMENTATION OPEN-SOURCE GIS IN ROAD ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN UZBEKISTAN VALENTIN V SILYANOV1,4, IBRAGIM S SADIKOV1,3, JAMSHID I SODIKOV2,3 D.Sc.,Professor, 2D.Sc., AssociateProfessor, Tashkent Highway Engineering Institute, 20, prospect Amir Timura, Tashkent, 100060, Republic of Uzbekistan, StateTechnical University-MADI,64, Leningradskiy prospect, Moscow, 125319, Russia Corresponding author’s email: osmijam@gmail.com Abstract: Open-source software is widely used in academia and industry The paper highlights the major advantages of open-source QGIS software in road asset management in Uzbekistan It shows steps on how to obtain maps and importing road conditions data QGIS offers wide ranges of functionality to visualize, analyze and manage road condition data Road M39 was selected for analysis and road conditions data were used to visualize the IRI roughness index Keywords: QGIS, GIS, open-source, road asset management Received: 05/10/2019 Accepted: 29/11/2019 Published online: 14/06/2020 Currently, road conditions and inventory surveys are carried out by using sophisticated multi-sensor vehicles and by a manual visual survey So there are challenges to overcome paper-based technology and implementation electronic document exchange technology For the past two decades, GIS technology emerged to the level that it can easily solve the problem, by quickly and conveniently visualize and analyze road data This article discusses the application of GIS technology in road condition and inventory data, traffic accident data analysis using open-source QGIS software Open-source software allows without a paid license to use, create additional plug-ins and tools for solving certain tasks in almost any area of the economy Therefore, this software is widely used in research and development Data plays an important role in decision making, the quality of the data, the way how it is analyzed and visualized assists decision-makers to accept right or wrong decisions This, in turn, will lead to saving or overusing limited financial resources A number of research papers addressed the importance of GIS in road asset management The authors [1] developed recommendations for an inventory of traffic and pedestrian traffic lights in Tashkent using geographic information systems (GIS) An inventory of traffic and pedestrian traffic lights will allow a timely assessment of the condition, as well as the development of measures to improve traffic management The advantage of using GIS technology in the inventory allows you quickly and accurately determine the number and status of traffic and pedestrian traffic lights In developed countries, there is a phenomenon of 16 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION - Special Issue - No 10 reducing the number of traffic lights, since the larger their number, the more difficult it is to solve the problem of traffic management [2] Authors [3] discussed the role of benchmarking in assessing the value of road projects They used road cost data dated from 2007 to 2009, which includes the following types of road works, such as periodic and rehabilitation works The analysis and visualization of cost data carried out using software R and GIS The results of the study revealed in which regions of Uzbekistan the cost exceeds the average cost in the country The authors concluded that the results of processing the cost database made it possible to assess the general picture of the cost variation by regions It should be noted that the costs in a certain region may vary, despite the fact that external factors of influence are common to all of Uzbekistan Summarizing these statistics, it can be concluded that internal factors have a greater influence on the formation of value Authors [4] proposed an electronic accident registration card has several advantages and will save police officers time First of all, after arriving at the scene, the police officer takes a photo via a mobile phone or tablet which has geotagging functionality that will allow visualizing an accident in an electronic map (QGIS, ArcGIS, or Google Fusion) Then it can be accessed to the database which contains a driver’s license to determine the characteristics of the driver/vehicle The electronic accident registry significantly reduces the time, increases the accuracy and reliability of the data Since geolocation accurately fixes the location of the incident, no orientation is required on buildings and structures for reference which is used in practice All data is stored locally and remotely on the server Author [5] deployed google fusion tables to visualize road accidents in Tashkent city Based on the visualization and analysis of accident data in Tashkent, the following conclusions are made: accidents often occur in certain sections of streets and roads in Tashkent city; the main types of accidents are collision between vehicles (type 1) and collision with pedestrian (type 5); An analysis of road accidents in the context of deceased and injured by type of accident revealed that pedestrians are the most vulnerable road user; in a collision, the number of injured is significantly greater compared to other types of accidents; when hitting an obstacle (type 4), the prevailing number of victims is 166 injured and 12 dead Author [6] reviewed road traffic accident data analysis and visualization in the R programming environment The aim was to show how to extract meaningful data from the raw database and visualize it The results revealed that hour wise, day wise, month wise and year wise plots allowed observing how road traffic accidents change in the timescale Two types of road traffic accidents mainly occurred such as type (collision) and type (collision with pedestrian) Both types of road traffic accidents happened in similar magnitudes across all timescales Visualization and data analysis of road traffic accidents led to make conclusions that would assist reduce the number of accidents Authors [7] conducted a road condition survey in Akita Prefecture and utilized GIS to visualize road conditions It concluded that In order to have well-organized road asset management, it requires conducting a comprehensive set of road surveys such as Local Reference Points (LRP), Roughness (IRI) and Global Positioning System (GPS) surveys and Video logging Additionally, data management of collected data is worth-mentioning aspect INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION - Special Issue - No 10 17 The paper provides database formation and how to visualize maps, IRI roughness is taken as a key indicator for evaluating road conditions For practicality and demonstration purposes, certain road sections were selected A list of highways that were used for analysis was provided by “Yul Loyiha Expertiza” (Tab 1) Table List of roads and length № Title of roads Length, km 65 М39 “Almaty - Bishkek - Tashkent - Shahrisabz – Termez” М39b“ Tashkent Ring Road” 67 М34 “Tashkent – Dushanbe” 71 А373 М“39 highway - Gulistan - Buka - Angren - Kukan and via Andijan – Osh” А373“ аCollector road to Tashkent city” 155 4Р2 “Tashkent city - Nuravshon city - А373 highway (55 km)” 4Р3 “Tashkent city - Mineral suvlar sihatgohi - Abay” 42 49 13 4Р4 “Tashkent - Keles - Qozoqkentsoy - М39 highway (820 km)” 28 4Р5 “Tashkent - Qibrai - May” 21 4Р6 “Tashkent- Chirchiq - Chimyon” 87 The following steps carried out to create a GIS map of the Tashkent region in QGIS software: Source maps were obtained from open sources (Open Streep Maps) At the first step, maps of Uzbekistan were loaded (Fig 1a) and a map of the Tashkent region was highlighted (Fig 1b) Fig 1a Map of Uzbekistan 18 Fig 1b Map of Tashkent region INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION - Special Issue - No 10 In the second step, we modify attributes of the roads layer, there can be seen existing data in the database (Fig 2) Each column has a name title that describes the data in the columns The road number is stored in the “ref” column To highlight the studied roads in the Tashkent region, a filter is used with which can be selected according to several criteria Fig Attributes of roads layer In the third step, using the selection by value command, in the line “ref” we select “M39” As a result, all sections of the road with attributes “M39” will be highlighted on the map (Fig 3) Fig 3а Selection with certain parameter Fig 3b The outcome of selection INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION - Special Issue - No 10 19 In the fourth step, we save the selected object on a separate layer (Fig 4) Next, we divide the road into sections with a length of km This is done by the algorithm of the program “v.split.length” (Fig 5) Fig Saving objects in separate layer Fig Road sectioning Next, in order to form a database, it is required to enter information for every km If necessary, you can add the necessary fields in the attribute table in which data about the road will be displayed (Fig 6) In this example, chainage, geometrical data (carriageway width, pavement width, etc.) and surface condition characteristics (friction coefficient, IRI, visual scoring, etc) were added Fig Forming road geometry characteristics Based on these data, we can analyze, process the data, and identify the worst road sections By applying classification function by values in the QGIS program, we can divide road sections on a map The IRI value was used to create a thematic road map Classification according to the condition of roads was made according to the following colors: green - satisfactory, red - not satisfactory (Fig 7-8) 20 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION - Special Issue - No 10 Fig Tashkent ring road condition thematic map Fig Close-up map of road condition GIS technology assists to quickly extract data, make analysis and data processing, it creates a convenient way and timely update of the database and identification of worst road sections The paper attempts to highlight basic functionalities of GIS technology in the creation of road condition thematic maps, which will facilitate the adoption of correct and timely decisions in INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION - Special Issue - No 10 21 planning, design, and maintenance When analyzing the M39b Tashkent Ring Road, road sections were identified that require repair if the compliance threshold is exceeded according to the international IRI index> m / km The advantage of using GIS in the road condition survey allows you to quickly analyze and visualize problematic road sections The transition from paper to electronic technology will quickly solve the problems facing the road organization Based on the results, the following conclusions are proposed: • For prompt and adequate decision-making, a unified electronic database of public roads should be developed • To ensure the transition from existing paper technology to electronic databases and it’s required to develop a road database • Implementation of existing methods of applying GIS technology to ensure traffic safety in Tashkent, an inventory of traffic lights • The widespread use of GIS technology in the road industry can improve the reliability of data and provide an overestimation of the cost of road projects In summary, road asset management is a complex and multi-component system that consists of road data collection, road data management, pavement performance modeling, road asset cost estimation and budget optimization, traffic safety measures, and others Each road agency determines which RAMS component can be included depending on available financial resources The key factor is how to collect road condition data, how much data need to be collected, how to store it and how to analyze and visualize these data in order to make the right decision making The paper highlights useful features open-source GIS software to visualize and to make an analysis of road condition data References [1] Silyanov V.V., Sodikov J.I., Traffic lights inventory in Tashkent city by implementing GIS technology, Transport systems of Siberia The development of the transport system as a catalyst for the growth of the state economy International Scientific and Practical Conference (Krasnoyarsk, April 7-8, 2016): proceedings: in volumes Vo / 2016 pp.470-474 (in Russian) [2] Martin Cassini and Richard Wellings, Traffic controls and the economy, 2016: https://iea.org.uk/publications/research/seeing-red-traffic-controls-and-the-economy (Accessed: 10.01.2016) [3] Silyanov V.V., Sodikov J.I., Shayhudinnov A.T., The role of benchmarking in assessing the value of road projects», Science and technology in the road sector, No3, 2017, pp 3-5 [4] Karabaev A M., Sodikov J.I., E-registration of traffic accidents by incorporating GIS technology, Vestnik TashIIT No1 2018 (in Russian) [5] Sodikov J.I., Visualization of road accidents using Google Fusion Tables., Institute report TIDCMH, No 2, 2018 (in Russian) [6] Sodikov J.I Road Traffic Accident Data Analysis and Visualization in R, International Journal of Computer Science Engineering and Information Technology Research (IJCSEITR) ISSN (P): 2249-6831; ISSN (E): 2249-7943 Vol 8, Issue 3, Jun 2018, 25-32 [7] Sodikov J.I., Koji-Tsunokawa, Ul-Islam Riaz, Road Survey with ROMDAS System : A Study in Akita Prefecture, The Science and Engineering Reports of Saitama University (38), 149-151, 2005, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University 22 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION - Special Issue - No 10 ... projects In summary, road asset management is a complex and multi-component system that consists of road data collection, road data management, pavement performance modeling, road asset cost estimation... planning, design, and maintenance When analyzing the M39b Tashkent Ring Road, road sections were identified that require repair if the compliance threshold is exceeded according to the international... visualize road conditions It concluded that In order to have well-organized road asset management, it requires conducting a comprehensive set of road surveys such as Local Reference Points (LRP),