READING PASSAGE #2 15 POINTS METEORITE IMPACT AND DINOSAUR EXTINCTION There is increasing evidence that the dramatically of meteorites have had important effects on Earth, particularly
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SPECIALIZED EVALUATION TEST FOR GIFTED STUDENTS
SUBJECT: ENGLISH 10, 11 (SPECIALIZED) TIME ALLOTED: 180 minutes
YEAR: 2019 – 2020
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A MULTIPLE CHOICE (100 POINTS)
A.I.1 READING PASSAGE #1 (10 POINTS)
IMAGE AND THE CITY
In the city, we are barraged with images of the people we might become Identity is presented as
plastic, a matter of possessions and appearance; and a very large proportion of the urban landscape is
taken up by slogans, advertisements, flatly photographed images of folk heroes – the man who turned
into a sophisticated dandy overnight by drinking a particular brand of drink, the girl who transformed
herself into a femme fatale with a squirt of cheap scent The tone of the wording of these advertisements
is usually pert and facetious, comically drowning in its own hyperbole But the pictures are brutally
exact: they reproduce every detail of a style of life, down to the brand of cigarette-lighter, the stone in the
ring, and the economic row of books on the shelf
Even in the business of the mass-production of images of identity, this shift from the general to
the diverse and particular is quite recent Consider another line of stills: the back-lit, soft-focus portraits
of the first and second generations of great movie stars There is a degree of romantic unparticularity in
the face of each one, as if they were communal dream-projections of society at large Only in the
specialized genres of westerns, farces and gangster movies were stars allowed to have odd, knobby
cadaverous faces The hero as loner belonged to history or the underworld: he spoke from the perimeter
of society, reminding us of its dangerous edges
The stars of the last decade have looked quite different Soft-focus photography has gone, to be
replaced by a style which searches out warts and bumps, and emphasizes the uniqueness not the
generality of the face Voices, too, are strenuously idiosyncratic; whines, stammers and low rumbles are
exploited as features of “star quality” Instead of romantic heroes and heroines, we have a brutalist,
hard-edged style in which isolation and egotism are assumed as natural social conditions
In the movies, as in the city, the sense of stable hierarchy has become increasingly exhausted; we
no longer live in a world where we can all share the same values, and the same heroes (It is doubtful
whether this world, so beloved of nostalgia moralists, ever existed; but lip-service was paid to it, the
pretence, at last, was kept up.) The isolate and the eccentric push towards the centre of the stage; their
fashions and mannerisms are presented as having as good a claim to the limelight and the future as those
of anyone else In the crowd on the underground platform, one may observe a honeycomb of
fully-worked-out worlds, each private, exclusive, bearing little comparison with its nearest neighbour What is
prized in one is despised in another There are no clear rules about how one is supposed to manage one’s
body, dress, talk, or think Though there are elaborate protocols and etiquettes among particular cults and
groups within the city, they subscribe to no common standard
For the new arrival, this disordered abundance is the city’s most evident and alarming quality He
feels as if he has parachuted into a funfair of contradictory imperatives There are so many people he
might become, and a suit of clothes, a make of car, and a brand of cigarettes, will go some way towards
turning him into a personage even before he has discovered who that personage is Personal identity has
always been deeply rooted in property, but hitherto the relationship has been a simple one – a question of buying what you could afford, and leaving your wealth to announce your status In the modern city, there are so many things to buy, such a quantity of different kinds of status, that the choice and its attendant anxieties have created a new pornography of state
The leisure pages of the Sunday newspapers, fashion magazines, TV plays, popular novels, cookbooks, window displays all nag at the nerve of our uncertainty and snobbery Should we like American cars, hard-rock hamburger joints, Bauhaus chairs…? Literature and art are promoted as personal accessories, the paintings of Mondrian or the novels of Samuel Beckett “go” with certain styles like matching handbags There is in the city a creeping imperialism of taste, in which more and more commodities are made over to being mere expressions of personal identity The piece of furniture, the pair of shoes, the book, the film, are important not so much in themselves but for what they communicate about their owners; and ownership is stretched to include what one likes or believes in as well as what one can buy
1 What does the writer say about advertisements in the first paragraph?
A They often depict people that most other people would not care to be like
B The pictures in them accurately reflect the way that some people really live
C Certain kinds are considered more effective in cities than others
D The way in which some of them are worded is cleverer than it might appear
2 What does a “femme fatale” refer to?
A a beautiful woman who spends her time enjoying herself
B a gorgeous woman who realizes most men’s dream
C a potential good wife
D an attractive woman who may bring unhappiness to men
3 The word “facetious” is closest in meaning to _
A flippant B prevalent C impudent D complacent
4 The writer says that if you look at a line of advertisements on a tube train, it is clear that _
A.city dwellers have very diverse ideas about what image they would like to have
B some images in advertisements have a general appeal that others lack
C city dwellers are more influenced by images on advertisements than other people are
D some images are intended to be representative of everyone’s aspirations
5 What does the writer imply about portraits of old movie stars?
A They reflected an era in which people felt basically safe
B They made people feel that their own faces were rather unattractive
C They tried to disguise the less attractive features of their subjects
D Most people did not think they were accurate representations of the stars in them
6 What does the writer suggest about the stars of the last decade?
A Most people accept that they are not typical of society as a whole
B They make an effort to speak in a way that may not be pleasant on the ear
C Some of them may be uncomfortable about the way they come across
D They make people wonder whether they should become more selfish
7 The writer uses the crowd on an underground platform to exemplify his belief that _
A no one in a city has strict attitudes towards the behavior of others
B no single attitude to life is more common than another in a city
C people in cities would like to have more in common with each other
D views of what society was like in the past are often accurate
8 The writer implies that new arrivals in a city may _
A acquire a certain image without understanding what that involves
B underestimate the importance of wealth
C decide that status is of little importance
D change the image they wish to have too frequently
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9 The novels of Samuel Beckett is an example of _
A classic literature works that make their owners feel superior to other people
B literature works of high artistic value
C possessions that show owners’ identity
D what is wanted by the majority in the society
10 What point does the writer make about city dwellers in the final paragraph?
A They are unsure as to why certain things are popular with others
B They are keen to be the first to appreciate new styles
C They want to acquire more and more possessions
D They are aware that judgments are made about them according to what they buy
A.I.2 READING PASSAGE #2 (15 POINTS)
METEORITE IMPACT AND DINOSAUR EXTINCTION
There is increasing evidence that the dramatically of meteorites have had important effects on
Earth, particularly in the field of biological evolution Such disastrous continue to pose a natural hazard
to life on Earth Twice in the twentieth century, large meteorite objects are known to have collided with
Earth
If an impact is large enough, it can disturb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an
ecological catastrophe The best-documented such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of
the Cretaceous period of reviewing history This break in Earth’s history is marked by a mass extinction,
when as many as half the species on the planet became extinct While there are a dozen or more mass
extinctions in the diverse record, the Cretaceous mass extinction has always intrigued paleontologists
because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs For tens of millions of years, those great creatures
had flourished Then, suddenly, they disappeared
The body that impacted Earth at the end of the Cretaceous period was a meteorite with a mass of
more than a trillion tons and a diameter of at least 10 kilometers Scientists first identified this impact in
1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after
the impact This sediment layer is enriched in the rare metal iridium and other elements that are
relatively abundant in a meteorite but very rare in the crust of Earth Even diluted by the terrestrial
material excavated from the crater, this component of meteorites is easily identified By 1990 geologists
had located the impact site itself in the Yucatán region of Mexico The crater, now deeply buried in
sediment, was originally about 200 kilometers in diameter
This impact released an enormous amount of energy, excavating a crater about twice as large as
the lunar crater Tycho The explosion lifted about 100 trillion tons of dust into the atmosphere, as can be
determined by measuring the thickness of the sediment layer formed when this dust varied to the surface
Such a quantity of material would have blocked the sunlight completely from reaching the surface,
plunging Earth into a period of cold and darkness that lasted at least several months The explosion is
also calculated to have produced vast quantities of nitric acid and melted rock that sprayed out over
much of Earth, starting vast fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forests and grassland
Presumably, those environmental ages could have been responsible for the mass extinction, including the
death of the dinosaurs
Several other mass extinctions in the repeated record have been tentatively identified with large
large, but none is so dramatic as the Cretaceous event But even without such specific documentation, it
is clear that potentially of this size do occur and that their results can be catastrophic What is a
catastrophe for one group of living things, however, may create opportunities for another group
Following each mass extinction, there is a sudden evolutionary burst as new species develop to fill the ecological niches opened by the event
Impacts by meteorites represent one mechanism that could cause global catastrophes and
seriously influence the evolution of life all over the planet [A] According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions of species may be due to such harmful [B] Such a perspective fundamentally changes our view of biological evolution [C] The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its success in competing with other species and adapting to slowly changing environments [D] Yet an
equally important criterion is the ability of a species to survive random global ecological catastrophes due to promising
Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were unsuspected a few decades ago In 1991 the United States Congress asked NASA to investigate the hazard posed today by large potentially on Earth The group Perform the study concluded from a detailed analysis that potentially from meteorites can indeed be hazardous Although there is always some risk that a large impact could occur, careful study shows that this risk is quite small
11 The word “pose” is closest in meaning to
A claim B model C assume D present
12 In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?
A To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record
B To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cretaceous
C To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous
D To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster
13 Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the location of the meteorite impact in Mexico?
A The location of the impact site in Mexico was kept secret by geologists from 1980 to 1990
B It was a well-known fact that the impact had occurred in the Yucatán region
C Geologists knew that there had been an impact before they knew where it had occurred
D The Yucatán region was chosen by geologists as the most probable impact site because of its climate
14 According to paragraph 3, how did scientists determine that a large meteorite had impacted Earth?
A They discovered a large crater in the Yucatán region of Mexico
B They found a unique layer of sediment worldwide
C They were alerted by archaeologists who had been excavating in the Yucatán region
D They located a meteorite with a mass of over a trillion tons
15 The word “excavating” is closest in meaning to
A digging out B extending C destroying D covering up
16 The word “consumed” is closest in meaning to
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A changed B exposed C destroyed D covered
17 According to paragraph 4, all of the following statements are true of the impact at the end of
the Cretaceous period EXCEPT
A A large amount of dust blocked sunlight from Earth
B Earth became cold and dark for several months
C New elements were formed in Earth’s crust
D Large quantities of nitric acid were produced
18 The phrase “tentatively identified” is closest in meaning to
A identified after careful study B identified without certainty
C occasionally identified D easily identified
19 The word “perspective” is closest in meaning to
A sense of values B point of view C calculation D complication
20 Paragraph 6 supports which of the following statements about the factors that are essential
for the survival of a species?
A The most important factor for the survival of a species is its ability to compete and adapt to gradual
changes in its environment
B The ability of a species to compete and adapt to a gradually changing environment is not the only
ability that is essential for survival
C Since most extinctions of species are due to major meteorite impacts, the ability to survive such
impacts is the most important factor for the survival of a species
D The factors that are most important for the survival of a species vary significantly from one species to
another
21 Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the following
sentence?
Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were unsuspected
a few decades ago
Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information
A Until recently, nobody realized that Earth is exposed to unpredictable violent impacts from space
B In the last few decades, the risk of a random violent impact from space has increased
C Since most violent events on Earth occur randomly, nobody can predict when or where they will
happen
D A few decades ago, Earth became the target of random violent events originating in outer space
22 According to the passage, who conducted investigations about the current dangers posed by
large meteorite impacts on Earth?
A Paleontologists B Geologists C The United States Congress D NASA
23 Look at the four letters (A, B, C, and D) that indicate where the following sentence could be
added to the passage
This is the criterion emphasized by Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection
24/25 An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below Complete
the summary by selecting the TWO answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage
Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage
Scientists have linked the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous with a meteorite impact
on Earth
Answer choices
(1) Scientists had believed for centuries that meteorite activity influenced evolution on Earth
(2) The site of the large meteorite impact at the end of the Cretaceous period was identified in 1990 (3) There have also been large meteorite impacts on the surface of the Moon, leaving craters like Tycho (4) An iridium-enriched sediment layer and a large impact crater in the Yucatán provide evidence that a large meteorite struck Earth about 65 million years ago
(5) Large meteorite impacts, such as one at the end of the Cretaceous period, can seriously affect climate, ecological niches, plants, and animals
A.II GUIDED CLOZE TEST 1 (15 POINTS)
CHINESE HACKERS
There are (26) _ fears about Chinese cyber attacks on Western media outlets after two of America’s largest newspapers said Chinese hackers had (27) _ their computer systems A statement said: “Evidence shows that infiltration efforts target the monitoring of the Journal’s (28) _ of China Earlier, the New York Times said it had faced repeated hacking attacks as it prepared a story tracing the hidden (30) _ of the family of Wen Jiabao, the country’s premier
The (31) _ came just weeks after Chinese authorities forced a NYT reporter to leave the country Two months after the paper’s Shanghai bureau chief David Barboza authored the account of the billions (32) _ by Mr Wen’s relatives, Beijing refused to (33) _ a visa for his colleague Chris Buckley The paper said that as Mr Barboza was working on the piece, hackers had broken into its systems and cracked passwords for every employee They (34) _ the email accounts of Mr Barboza
“Security experts (35) _ by The New York Times to detect and block the computer attacks gathered digital (36) _ that Chinese hackers, using methods that some consultants have associated with the Chinese military in the past, breached The Times’ network,” the paper said
Last year, hackers who according to WikiLeaks were linked to the Chinese military, infiltrated European Union computers, (37) _ the emails of Herman Van Rompuy, the President of the European Council China’s Ministry of National Defence has (38) _ any role in the hacking
26 A enlarging B growing C spreading D inflating
27 A broken B injured C hurt D infiltrated
28 A covering B covers C coverage D covered
29 A loot B prizes C abundance D riches
30 A revelations B betrayal C exhibition D display
31 A amassed B gathered C aggregated D assembled
32 A refresh B renew C resume D transform
33 A broke down B broke away C broke through D broke into
34 A rented B leased C hired D borrowed
35 A evidence B signs C witnesses D tokens
36 A relating B associating C connecting D accessing
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37 A refused B prohibited C denied D vetoed
A.III GUIDED CLOZE TEST 2 (10 POINTS)
For many people doing physical exercise may (38) _ a painful torturing of the body
Therefore, there’s usually something we come up with that is of bigger importance than putting
one’s muscles through their paces Unless we are forced to go in for a physical training, we are
(39) _ to treat it as something of a lower (40) _ than staying in front of the TV set, spending
time in a pub (41) _ alcoholic beverages or consuming excessive quantities of fattening
confectionery in a café We need to be considerably motivated to take up a body workout and build
our physical fitness What usually (42) _ individuals from (43) _ themselves to strenuous
exercise in the fear of fatigue, discomfort or even the (44) _ of being outdone by true fitness
zealots
However, getting fit is fully a matter of common sense Different forms of exercise may be
of great (45) _ to the human body increasing its strength, flexibility and endurance When
supported by a nutritious diet, much better performance of the heart and the lungs improves the
blood circulation making an individual more resistant to stressful situations as well as more
(46) _ to infections and diseases
In the first place, self-discipline that is requisite for proceeding with such physical effort
ought to be attained to ensure that the intention of becoming healthier and more vigorous isn’t
(47) _ by any (48) _ impediments
38 A incorporate B entail C administer D correspond
39 A tended B implied C affirmed D inclined
40 A superiority B privilege C advantage D priority
41 A smacking B sipping C seething D sniffing
42 A repels B denies C opposes D rejects
43 A commiting B absorbing C involving D engrossing
44 A hindrances B impairments C preventions D inhibitions
45 A liking B benefit C appreciation D gain
46 A irresistible B preventative C immune D wary
47 A persecuted B tormented C harassed D suppressed
48 A short B minor C trivial D frivolous
A.IV LEXICO AND GRAMMAR (25 POINTS)
A.IV.1 WORD CHOICE (10 POINTS)
49 Angela’s work was praised for its attention to detail
A meticulous B significant C subtle D concentrated
50 Losing his entire business to the flood, Bill’s only was to file bankruptcy
A dross B enigma C fervor D recourse
51 The team was _ devastated by the result
A deeply B utterly C thoroughly D accutely
52 We up a friendship the very first time we met
A struck B launched C cropped D settled
53 The man’s choice to run away virtually _ to an admission of guilt
A resulted B came C amounted D added
54 After sitting in the contentious board meeting for two hours, Allen’s necktie began to feel like a around his neck
A decorum B garland C noose D renegade
55 The heat was absolutely , making everyone irritable, sweaty, and uncomfortable
A oppressive B taciturn C salient D prosaic
56 Becoming a CEO was the glory of her career
A heading B crowning C inducting D tipping
57 It should be clear that we are all under pressure
A conspicuously B immensely C fully D abundantly
58 I can’t imagine what I’ve done to make him let loose such a _ of abuse at me
A shower B storm C torrent D flood
A.IV.2 GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES (7 POINTS)
59 If _ in the shopping malls, the restaurants with similar price ranges and menus can make profits
A each uncluttered next to the other B each cluttering next to the other
C each cluttered next to another D each decluttered next to the other
60 _, creative interests are put to one side as we struggle with our academic subjects
A As often happens with young people B Often happening with young people
C Often does it happen to young people D Often happening to young people
61 Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the US, _
A as Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production
B rather than Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production
C than did Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production
D more than Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production
62 _, many people are very optimistic about economic growth in the next year
A Despite the fact that the economy is going down B But for the economy is going down
C On account of the fact that the economy is going down D Before entering the water
63 The endless parade of _ on television has made today’s young girls obsessed with their bodie
A celebrities enhancing surgically B surgically enhanced celebrities
C surgical celebrities enhanced D enhanced surgically celebrities
64 Janice’s parents did when she was just a baby, so I _ family she ever had
A was all the B was the whole C have the whole D have all the
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65 We talked just as easily as we had in the past, when we would sit and discuss our friends and
our hopes for the future
A in the field behind Joan’s house atop the rabbit hutch
B in the field atop the rabbit hutch behind Joan’s house
C atop the rabbit hutch in the field behind Joan’s house
D behind Joan’s house in the field atop the rabbit hutch
A.IV.3 PHRASAL VERB AND IDIOMS (8 POINTS)
66 He managed to his team with high spirits
A imbue B inculcate C ingrain D instill
67 by their new finds, the archeologists said they had made dramatic new finds of Viking
settlements
A Buoyed up B Irked out C Sounded off D Perked up
68 Cheap electricity was soon from nuclear reactors
A calling back B popping out C issuing forth D phasing in
69 Robbing an old man is contempt
A under B sub C below D beneath
70 Be careful! The young horse hasn’t been
A got round B broken in C taken over D set up
71 The woman in the hospital bed next to me talked a streak all day I don’t where she got the
energy from!
A white B golden C blue D red
72 I am ready to eat My prediction about the game was completely wrong
A raven B crow C starling D magpie
73 The film got a lot of hype, but I thought it was a bit of a(n) _
A all mouth and no trousers B Bob’s your uncle
C Earworm D damp squib
74 I forgot to water my flowers, and now they’re as dead as a
A doornail B ditchwater C churchmouse D millpond
75 John has a memory like a _—I had to leave him three separate reminders about the play
tomorrow night
A bunny B goldfish C sieve D deuce
A.V PHONETICS (10 POINTS)
A.V.1 DIFFERENT PRONUNCIATION (5 POINTS)
76 A STRINGER B HANGER C STRONGER D BANGER
77 A ARCHITECTURE B IMMATURE C MANUFACTURE D STRUCTURE
78 A CONGREGATION B CONDOMINIUM C CONCLAVE D CONCOURSE
79 A LEARNED B RUGGED C DOGGED D PRICKED
80 A NOTORIOUS B POSTULATE C POTASH D OBLIGATION
A.V.2 STRESS PATTERN (5 POINTS)
81 A PARALYSIS B DIAGONAL C EUPHEMISM D RAMBUTAN
82 A TRIATHLON B PRESENTIMENT C CALLIGRAPHY D LUNATIC
83 A PNEUMONIA B DISINTER C ANTENNA D INTERPOLATE
84 A INAMORATA B ARACHNOPHOBIA C ERGONOMICALLY D EMANCIPATION
85 A AMBIDEXTROUS B ABNORMALITY C ADVANTAGEOUS D AGRICULTURE
(AMBROSIA)
A.VI SYNONYM & ANTONYM (5 POINTS)
86 The pea-souper made it impossible to go mountaineering (SYN.)
A rain B fog C typhoon D snow
87 They lived in a house adjacent to the railway (SYN.)
A far away B isolated C juxtapositional D off the beaten track
88 I found a sequestered place and laid down with my book (SYN.)
A placid B boisterous C tumultuous D rowdy
89 When he was drinking, Ken was hell on wheels (ANT.)
A cantankerous B irascible C dour D cordial
90 Adam says he's an open book, but I've seen him sneaking out of his house late at night (ANT.)
A forthright B disingenuous C candid D fair and square
A.VII ERROR RECOGNITION (10 POINTS)
91 The fish called menhaden are silvery in color and (A) a distinct black shoulder spot behind (B) their gill opening and a variable (C) number of smaller spots on (D) their sides
92 She was wandering (A) around (B) on (C) a daze (D) this morning
93 Probably the most disputed (A) piece of clothing (B) during this period was the corset Both physicians and early feminists (C) subscribed to (D) their use
94 I was rather (A) surprised by her elemental (B) and unique (C) talent in bending (D) fingers
95 Participating (A) in camp fire songs, fighting off hungry mosquitoes and bursting (B) many blisters on his feet quickly squelched (C) Giorgio’s desire camping (D)
96 Periods (A) of glaciation (B) have extended (C) the whole of human existence (D) for the past 2 million years
97 He thinks it is my duty to bring (A) up the kids and doesn’t see why he should bring (B) himself out
to take them (C) to school and help (D) them with their homework
98 At the moment, which species survive (A), which decline (B) to threatened or even status (C) and which succumb for (D) extinction is something of a lottery
99 When Bloomfield tried to dispute (A) the point, the doctor had no thoughts of losing (B) down He turned (C) away and refused (D) to listen
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100 As the carriage (A) of expressions, the head (B) of puppets is the most important position (C) to
show personalities of characters (D)
B WRITTEN TEST (100 POINTS)
B.I WORD FORMATION (20 POINTS)
B.I.1 WORD FORMATION 1 (10 POINTS)
1 The emergency aids have been sent to _ places in the world (FAMINE)
2 We all find him really _ and amicable He’s a good person to talk with (NATURE)
3 The government have been taking enormous effort to _ the conflict (ESCALATION)
4 However, it is astonishing that no mention is made of the _ phenomenon of globalisation and
of the consequences that arise with respect to the study of international monetary questions (MAKE)
5 Yet he proves to be far from the _ wealthy gentleman they were expecting (URBAN)
6 Fitzwater struck a tone, saying he didn’t think anybody was to blame (CONCILE)
7 You have to stop your _ attitude Your complaints won’t do you any good (PET)
8 Your running away is a(n) _ of your guilt (ESSENTIAL)
9 She finds herself to not be so _ Though having been robbed and pickpocketed for many times,
she still doesn’t know what to do or gain any more experience while she’s in the city (WISDOM)
10 (TIME)
[10.1] In particular, manufacturers of fentanyl patches have come under scrutiny for
defective products
[10.2] Our project was severely cricticized as no one had enough time to fully dedicated to
it
[10.3] The developers dealt with the problem in the fashion, burying the industrial waste in
landfill sites
[10.4] Although it would be to undertake, an analysis of such cases might throw light upon
the circumstances in which he preferred the reiterated note
B.I.2 WORD FORMATION 2 (10 POINTS)
SHIP FREEZER INTREPIDITY FEAR CONCEPTION BAN MORPH
BREEZE FAST PLUM TOMB EVENT Every autumn the Arctic undergoes a radical (11) As the sun dips below the horizon one last
time—not to rise again until spring—the icy seascape darkens, the temperatures (12) , and the sea
ice swells into a brutal fortress, so thick that no icebreaker can penetrate it Research vessels flee south,
desperate to avoid getting trapped during the (13) season But this year scientists—and a few
lucky journalists, including me—will dare to do just the opposite
In late September we will set sail from Tromsø, Norway, heading east along Siberia, then north toward
the North Pole Our captain will steer us into a massive ice floe and kill the ship’s engines—dooming it
to freeze in place as the ice quickly thickens The ship will remain (14) for a full year as we float
in the clutches of the Arctic Ocean
The goal of the mission, called MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate), is to better understand why the top of the world is warming at such an alarming rate—twice as fast as lower latitudes “The Arctic is the epicenter of global warming,” says Markus Rex, a climate scientist at the Alfred Wegener Institute in Germany and MOSAiC coordinator Yet researchers do not completely understand why This $150-million mission—the first to study the central Arctic over an entire year—intends to change that situation
A few (15) adventurers have attempted such a fate, only to falter In 1893 Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen (16) his ship, the Fram, into the ice in the hope that it would carry him toward the North Pole But when it became clear he would never reach the pole, he (17) the mission and skied hundreds of miles to land Still, the Fram made it across the Arctic ice cap intact, (18)
reaching the open North Atlantic Ocean “We’re following in the footsteps of giants, if you will,” says Matthew Shupe, an atmospheric and oceanic scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration who (19) the MOSAiC mission more than 10
years ago
This excursion will be, by far, the largest in history At any one time, around 60 scientific personnel will
be working onboard the research icebreaker Polarstern; they will be shuttled back and forth by sea, when possible, or air In all, some 300 people from across the world will have conducted studies on the ice They will observe every aspect of the Arctic system: the wandering ice, the drifting snow, the swirling
ocean, the (20) atmosphere, the life that calls it home and the ways these attributes interact
B.II OPEN CLOZE (20 POINTS) B.II.1 OPEN CLOZE 1
CAN SKYSCRAPERS PREVENT TORNADOES?
The reason Tornado Alley, the area (21) from Texas to South Dakota and from the Rocky Mountains to Kansas, is the most active tornado spot in the U.S.—it sees hundreds a year—is not because it's flat farmland It's because tornadoes form when two opposite weather systems collide (22) certain conditions, and this occurs with great (23) in Tornado Alley During springtime in that region, a constant stream of cool, dry air blowing southeast from Canada runs into a similarly steady stream of warm, moist air moving northwest (24) the Gulf of Mexico As these weather fronts interact, they build high-intensity thunderstorms that, if they're strong enough, can create a powerful updraft of air Low pressure at the ground and in the middle or upper atmosphere interacts with the rising air to create a (25) vortex that can eventually extend a tornado funnel to the ground
It just so (26) that most cities with a lot of skyscrapers are situated in places where tornado-feeding conditions evolve less frequently But tornadoes do in (27) sometimes hit cities, says Gary Conte,
a warning coordination meteorologist at the Upton, New York, outpost of the National Weather Service, citing recent touchdowns in Dallas, Memphis, Miami and four of New York City's five boroughs
(Manhattan has been spared, so far) Skyscrapers and topography don't (28) "Tornadoes form thousands of feet above building tops," Conte says "Skyscrapers won't prevent the funnel from coming down, but they might (29) its shape so that it doesn't look as nice and neat as it does on a flat surface like the plains That doesn't make it any (30) of a tornado, though."
(Source: Popsci)
B.II.2 OPEN CLOZE 2
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When I was a child, it was fairly unusual to go on a foreign holiday The prices of international
flights were exorbitant (31) _ to those offered by today’s budget airlines Package holiday to
tropical resorts were pretty much unheard-of Instead my parents would (32) our aged car with the
necessary belongings, and our family holiday would begin with a twelve-hour drive through the night
Our (33) was always the same: exotic Scotland
Each year, my parents booked a different (34) cottage, usually next to an isolated beach and
invariably with no mod cons (35) The beds were always lumpy and damp There wouldn’t be even
a washing machine, never mind a TV
No doubt we were surrounded by spectacular scenery, but this meant (36) to me or my
sister Plastic buckets and spades were the (37) of all our holiday entertainments Armed with these
and a towel, we would tear (38) to the beach every morning We built extravagant sandcastles, we
burried my father alive, we saved the lives of stranded jellyfish, we collected jewels, and we dug to
Australia Summer holidays lasted at least a year back then
I pity the kids today with their two-week breaks in the sun Who wants (39) resorts boasting
restaurants serving authentic (40) cuisine? Who needs artificial lagoons featuring wave machines
and plastic waterfalls? Show me an eight-year-old girl on a Scottish beach with a bucket and spade I will
show you what real holiday fun is all about
B.III ERROR RECOGNITION (10 POINTS)
There are 10 mistakes in the passage Find and correct them
INDUSTRY 4.0
Digitally connected manufacturing, often referred as “Industry 4.0”, encompasses a wide variety
of technologies, ranging from 3D printing to robotics, new materials and production systems
A move towards Industry 4.0 would benefit the private section Large, integrated manufacturers
would find in it a way to optimise and shorten its supply chain, for example via flexible factories A
more digitalised manufacturing would also open new market opportunities for SMEs providing so
specialised technologies as sensors, robotics, 3D printing or machine-to-machine communications
For developed nations, Industry 4.0 – a term initially coining in Germany – could be a way to
regain manufacturing competition This is particularly relevant in the case of Western Europe, which,
unlike the US, does not currently enjoy reduced energy costs
As for emerging markets, Industry 4.0 could provide the much-needed route to moving up the
chain, something that has become increasingly important to achieve in the teeth of rising labour costs
For example, China’s new ten-years plan, issued last May and aptly named “Made in China 2025”,
targets key sectors such as robotics, information technology and energy in the hope to turn the country
from a “manufacturing giant” into a “world manufacturing power”
As promising as it is, much more work remains to be done to make Industry 4.0 a large scale
reality On the regulatory side, for instance, policy makers will have to assure that data – the part and
parcel of Industry 4.0 - can move freely and securely through the supply chain, including across borders
This is an effort that is likely to take some time
(T.E.H.F.S)
B.IV GAP FILLING (20 POINTS)
B.IV.1 GAP FILLING 1 (10 POINTS)
Choose the correct phrase in the box to complete the sentences Only 10 words will be used
51 Nobody likes Peter very much because he's so annoying He's a right !
52 Andy is so boring Did you know that his idea of a perfect day is going to the station to collect train registration numbers? What a / an !
53 I know that you don't like your job very much, but I wish you would stop complaining about it all the time Don't be such a / an !
54 Imelda loves working here: she's a real
55 Alan is an excellent and intelligent manager who runs the department well and deals effectively with any problems that come up Everyone agrees that he's a / an
56 You've been sitting in front of the television for almost four hours Why don't you turn it off and go for a walk? You're turning into a / an
57 We were having a wonderful evening until Anne joined us Why does she have to be so negative about everything all the time? She's such a / an !
58 Don't be such a /an ! If you concentrated instead of speaking all the time, you would get more work done
59 If you want some help, ask Imelda She's always happy and willing to help out: she's a real _!
60 I hope Rick comes out with us tonight He's such good fun, always the
(Extracted from “Check for your Idioms and Phrasal Verbs” by Rawdon Wyatt)
B IV 2 PREPOSITION (10 POINTS)
Fill in the blank with no more than ONE preposition/particle
61 The accusation that we have wasted public money on this project is entirely foundation
62 The new version of the software is laden _ useful features
63 He's well _ with the boss, these days
64 Even after all these years, I still hanker a motorbike
65 Nobody has yet come with any information relating to the girl's death
66 Britain is having to contend with an ageing population, the implications of which could impinge almost all of us in one way or another
67 She galloped her speech as if she wanted to finish as soon as possible
68 The conflict ate their relationship and led to divorce
69 He was elbowed before he had been intent to resign
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70 She usually dreams her life but actually doesn’t lift a finger to achieve it
B.V SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (10 POINTS)
71 Many children in the world lack of attention and care and under the threat of many serious diseases
(VICTIM)
→ Many children slipp
72 With a view to taking over the position, Jack cleverly talked the boss into resigning (JOCKEYED)
→ So as
73 I was allowed to give her a hand on her project (SERVICE)
→ I was given
74 After making fun of me, he was in my bad books (PEEVE)
→ After making a _
75 There are so many stellar applicants for the job that we can't choose between them (RICHES/AS)
→ It’s truly _
76 My mom always praise the next door kids’ well-behaviour which is really infuriating (VIRTUES)
→ That my mom _ side
77 It came as a surprise that the government haven’t lifted any finger to do away with burglary
(CRACKDOWN)
→ It took _
78 The party won’t be less enjoyable by a nasty guy like you (DAMPER)
→ A nasty piece _
79 The movie star’s unacceptable behaviour at the red carpet was a hot issue (CONDUCT/PALE)
→ It was _ potato
80 Her thought of her higher class than us makes us really infrustrating (CUT)
→ What extremely
B.VI ESSAY WRITING (20 POINTS)
“Can people who are not famous be better role models than people who are famous?”
What extent do you agree or disagree?
Use specific reasons and examples in your essay
PART C LISTENING (50 POINTS)
I Listen to a piece of news about India’s development and fill in the missing information with NO
MORE THAN THREE WORDS (20 POINTS)
The reporter uses the phrase “(1) ” to depict the status of India today
Some domains that show India’s increasing power:
• Economy: multiple (2) were implemented
→ considerable GDP rise
→ having the third strongest (3) _
• (4) is another factos
+ Threefold increase in (5) _
+ Intentions to augment (6)
+ Bring among a few (7)
→ the fourth most powerful military
→ Strong geopolitical alliances, exemplified by India’s intervention in the (8)
• Greater role in the United Nations
• Large population
• The largest single democratic nation Some issue that India needs to adress:
• Corruption and bribery
• (9) _
• Acute (10)
• Social class division
(extracted from Master The Art Of NEC by Ambrosia)
II For questions 11-15, listen to a discussion on the subject of attitudes to work and choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D which fits best according to what you hear (From HSGQG 2018) (10 POINTS)
11 Lois agrees with John's point that _
A the psychological effects of unemployment can be overstated
B some people are better equipped to deal with unemployment than others
C problems arise when unemployment coincides with other traumatic events
D most people dread the prospect of unemployment
12 Lois agrees with the listener who suggested that _
A people should prepare for redundancy as they would for retirement
B voluntary work may be more rewarding than paid work
C not everybody can expect a high level of job satisfaction
D work is only one aspect of a fulfilling life
13 What Is John’s attitude towards people who see work as a "means to an end"?
A He accepts that they have made a valid choice
B He feels they may be missing out on something important
C He doubts their level of commitment to the job
D He fears it will lead to difficulties for them later
14 When asked about so-called "slackers" at work, John points out that _
A their views are unacceptable in a free labour market
B such an attitude has become increasingly unacceptable
C people often jump to unfair conclusions about them
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D they accept the notion that work is a necessary evil
15 Lois quotes the psychologist Freud in order to _
A provide a contrast to the ideas of Bertrand Russell
B question the idea that a desire to work is a natural thing
C show how intellectual ideas have shifted over time
D lend weight to John's ideas about increased social mobility
III For questions 16-20, listen to a news report predicting the winner of the 2018’s World Cup and
match each number (16-20) in A with one corresponding letter (A-I) in B Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes provided (10 POINTS)
16 Brazil A may gain an advantage due to its high investment capabilities
17 Pakistan B has the most abundant pool of grassroots players
18 Switzerland C is expected to excel at this year’s game after a period of downfall
19 Russia D has the highest funding towards top-notch training and facilities
20 England E increases its chance of winning by playing host this year
F is forecasted to win this year’s game with a success rate of nearly 30 percent
G shows the least interest in the competition according to a source
H stands the highest chance of victory due to home advantage
I possibly makes it to the final thanks to an outstanding player
IV Listen to the recording and label the diagram of the bike below Choose five answer from the box
and write the correct answer A-H next to each one (10 POINTS)
A soft material gives extra comfort E made from old kitchen equipment
B uses a standard design F allow riders to change position
C special shape reduces weight G exceptionally light
D relatively narrow H recycled from old bikes
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