320170493 2 IJCMS acculturation in vietnamese cotemporary literature

International Journal of Communication and Media Studies (IJCMS) ISSN(P): 2250-0014; ISSN(E): Applied Vol 6, Issue 3, Jun 2016, 13-18 © TJPRC Pvt Ltd ACCULTURATION IN VIETNAMESE CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE∗ HUE HOANG THI1 & HA HOANG THI HONG2 Hue University of Education, Vietnam Van Lang University, Vietnam ABSTRACT Renovation period from 1986 to the present, to expand exchange and integration with the world has given the Vietnamese culture create new contacts format personality towards medium to promote traditional beauty, just adapt to the new era, but also all the wounds, paind is tortion on the shape personality Social life changes have no small impact on human life leads to changes in the value system It's the people in the search process, said before the impact of the external environment, erosion of acculturation Explore the structural changes in the psychology of human behavior to reconstruct, identify the depth of the reservoir floor of their ethnic cultureis evident in the work orientation Vietnamese writers KEYWORDS: Culture, Globalization, Acculturation, Impact, Traditional Value, Vietnamese Literature INTRODUCTION Variation in human personality, over time been a central motif in the literature about the war and post-war literature The impact of the war and of the circumstances post-war society can positively or negatively impact on human dignity, lead to the type of human alienation, deformation in the works of Le Luu, Chu Lai, Bao Ninh, Da Original Article Received: Apr 21, 2016; Accepted: May 05, 2016; Published: May 07, 2016; Paper Id.: IJCMSJUN20162 Ngan In addition, the impact of erosion, interference acculturation also left the mark not small in the form of new character models Type modern urban human individuals in the New Poetry and Tu Luc Van Doan was born from the biggest East-West cultural contacts in the cultural history of Vietnam during the period 1930 – 1945 Each phase culture, there will be a kind of distinct cultural stamp set [1;p56], standardization and the reduced marks, breakthroughs in standardization, appeared the standard deviation, the difference between the individual and the other individuals in the accepted standards, put yourself out on the edges or borders of the alternative The new culture standards will form if the standard deviation is confirmed to become mainstream trends and perspectives, and to impose a new standardization, make a new cultural imprint [1; p 65] “So what does acculturation mean? When individuals or groups of people transition from living a lifestyle of their own culture to moving into a lifestyle of another culture, they must acculturate, or come to adapt the new culture's behaviors, values, customs, and language The word 'acculturation' is the act of that transition.”[10] Renovation period from 1986 to the present, to expand exchange and integration with the world has given the Vietnamese culture new contacts, which create format personality towards medium to promote traditional beauty, just adapt to the new era, but also make the wounds, pain distortion on the shape personality ∗ This article science was sponsored by NAFOSTED FUND (National Foundation for Science and Technology Development Fund) - MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VIETNAM www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org 14 Hue Hoang Thi & Ha Hoang Thi Hong ACCULTURATION IN VIETNAMESE CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE Cao Duy Son is the son of mountainous Tay people, deep understanding of their culture, always tormented, concern for the changing of traditional cultural values before the impact, erosion of cultural contemporary Character in the writer's work is built as subjects carrying the cultural values, as well as the factors that influenced and modified by contemporary culture It is the repetition and transformation in the mind, human behavior on a broad background is customary and traditional cultural values of ethnic Tay The changes and repeated in the psychological structure, behavior that leads to alienation or format the character's personality, personal sensory projection to life at the level of broad social and family level, private from, the dominant storyline, structure, how to build a case series, the character system localized distinctions, the character of Cao Duy Son, and to look for systems composed of different writers in different dimensions Featured and through stories Cao Duy Son is a character motif in the journey search, confirmed oneself before the impact of the external environment, erosion of acculturation Explore the structural changes in the psychological, behavioral of Tay people to re-create, identify the depth of the reservoir floor of their ethnic culture is evident in the work orientation Cao Duy Son Situations meaning evidence sharp for the interaction, fracture, cracking and change the culture, and in the shaping of a new value system compatible with the times, same time clearly warping deviation of the old value system "A culture is most likely to produce what will destroy itself "[1; p73] Characters in the short stories Cao Duy Son is not built like the entities subject to the impact of culture, place in the interaction, acculturation leads to changes and format but also the personality of the ownercan carry cultural value is placed in relation to integration with cultural values, customs activities beautiful Not only reflect the human condition in the context of social mountainous Cao Duy Son also extends to contemporary urban cultural space, where the Tay ethnic group behind the net, naive, beautiful smartplaced in an environment full of temptations, pitfalls, difficulties, hardships always lingers (Chim ngụ cư), (Chiếc gương hình mặt trời) The conflict, disruption, and loss of economic reality in the life market impact is not small But what Cao Duy Son to inculcate the reader that is the beauty of the highlands, no matter where, though difficult hardships, their hearts still sparkle behind the net rustic beauty of human love, the warm life apply - how traditional beauty of Vietnamese people The character of Cao Duy Son is always placed in the struggle with circumstances, to find himself, said his true self It is the old story glass dying, with capital measures dreams, Cao Duy Son portrays deformed appearance - reflection of personality distortion Mrs Lơ (Những đám mây hình người), Mrs Ban (Âm vang vong hồn) Character building as the cultural entities at the same time to the impact of culture, leading to structural changes in the psychological, behavioral, short stories Cao Duy Son have recreated the face of culturalTay ethnic group in the meetings, and encounters with contemporary culture The refractive culture viewed from the human that make the work of Cao Duy Son separate appeal against the writer also wrote of the mountain before To Hoai, Dai Duc Tuan (Tuan Tchya), Nguyen Ngoc It is no longer a description of culture, customs and habits in the form of static that go beyond the value of data on ethnography, sociology, Cao Duy Son only works out to be the transforms, refraction culture, became the cultural message www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org Acculturation in Vietnamese Contemporary Literature∗ 15 Tran Thuy Mai’s stories are full of Hue culture, Hue soul, from nature to daily life, customs to characters of Hue people It is the special and distinguishable value of Tran Thuy Mai’s short stories in Vietnam contemporary literature It also confirms the role of restoring and creating culture of literature in general and in Tran Thuy Mai’s stories in particular Hue with its special culture itself and in harmony with culture of Vietnam and other areas as well – smooth combination with culture of folk, village, pagoda, old town and royal – which makes it completely different from others Mentioning Hue people, it is often said about gentle, preserve and correct and decent things of the old citadel – the former capital of thirteen Nguyen Kings Ways of living, behavior, daily activities… are all solemn and royal, which was formed, inherited, preserved well from the past It becomes a distinguish thing of Hue people It is the lives of Trang (Smoke on the River Huong), the young lady The Cuc (The Cuc), Minh and Lan (Thuong nho Hoang Lan – Tran Thuy Mai), Boi Hoan, Phuong (The legend of phonix), or sister Truc, sister Van, Vy, Mi, Kieu Dung…, the people, the faces of simple, low-class Art space, the existence environment of those characters is also Hue special space “A large garden, hidden behind the corner of The Lai village communal house Jack-fruit and peach trees spreading their branches of leaves In front of a house is a Chinese tea screen Song Tho tree blossoms its first flowers scatteringly…” Hue gardens surrounding with low tree is high enough to feel the harmony between people and nature, but it is also enough to separate in and out spaces- The low tree fence surrounds the garden and create a limitation of Hue people- style of people with abundant inner feeling, favor to spirit, binding in responsibility and position Hue people tend to spirit living, favor to inside feeling not outside one The own aspect in Hue character is expressed clearly in Tran Thuy Mai’s works “In relationship with others, Hue people pay much attention to good heart Good heart consists of affection, concession, and tolerance to get rid of animosity; calmness instead of fanaticism” [5, p.13] Hue spiritual life is their own world, a spiritual focus point, getting fid of daily life, forgetting troublesome life, wandering in dreamy world… Thus, religious impact often has magical colors, puts great influence on spiritual life, brings man strength to overcome pain (Trang noi day gieng – Tran Thuy Mai) “Culture is in mind, live in thoughts which all come from culture, base on culture.” [1, p.37] Hue, which is the land of many small and pretty pagodas among trees, is home of soul Almost villages in Hue are there pagodas With more than small and big ones, the influence of pagoda culture affects strongly the spiritual life of Hue people They go to pagoda not to pray for fame and benefit but for peace and calm in mind The religion is not something too high to reach In Tran Thuy Mai’s works are gentle, kind, well-behaved girls with potentially decisive, dare-living, dare-loving, dare-struggling characters They overcame their fate to reach their ambition However, there is not much, which gains completely breaking the old order and create a new standard This halfway is also Hue own style Nguyet – Quy trang, a wife, a hard-working mother, a patient and devoted person with limping figure went pass away in an afternoon Although her destination was remote, her lover was a bare-foot poet, she escaped “the heavy thing of a deserted hill area waiting for a coming storm” (Quỷ trăng) The story had an open end with sadness atmosphere since readers had never known where Nguyet went, how she lived in happiness or in unhappiness Nguyet’s life had no end Readers only knew “devils often stayed in deserted areas” That is an end which Tran Thuy Mai wants to engrave in readers’ mind about an area, about calm but not quiet people in Hue Edgar Morin calls it sealed phenomena (imprinting) in culture and standards of (normalisation) with the role of cultural imposition [1, p.50] "People belong to a culture, so they are aware of how to produce culture and this culture in turn produces the human perception" [1, p.42] Right from the start, culture deeply rooted in the childhood of human brain due to stabilization of selective exposure Affected by the royal culture, the www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org 16 Hue Hoang Thi & Ha Hoang Thi Hong ancient Hue had to be under the pressure of cultural norms from the Nguyen Dynasty in the cultural relations between Vietnam and Western cultures It is the fixed boundaries can not be overcome, such concepts are not allowed to spread, to accept, and to be looked down upon Even writing about the different lands or about Hue, Hue is the cultural sense of bold text in the page of Tran Thuy Mai, as a separate character, strength made a name of the writer Hue culture penetrates in the choice of every detail in the work of the writer, in language, tone, texture to the concept of man in art works All bearing the characteristics of culture, and people of Hue It is the people that feature rich, passionate love life, love nature, and the country The people have a rich inner life, spiritual heaviness, with a gentle, discreet, aristocratic station of the page Royal and vitality In daily life, lifestyle, and daily behavior - the value of a standard still cherish, preserve It is the knowledge and attachment to Hue culture of flesh and blood that Tran Thuy Mai skillfully transformed the cultural characteristics of regions, from life, thinking and habits of the people here to the space-time text chemical language, the tone particularly unique place of Hue citadel Since then, seeing personalities, unique value of Tran Thuy Mai’s short stories in Vietnam contemporary literature, as well confirming the storage and cultural creation role in general literature, Tran Thuy Mai’s works in particular The same with ideas in Tran Thuy Mai short stories, there are one “study concludes with the observation of women’s subordination to the collusion between commercialism and patriarchy and of double manipulations of women in media discourses by forces of both market and state” [11] CONCLUSIONS In the current trend of integration, all cultures are under pressure from the erosion of culture, just as it is, just not coincides closely with itself Discover to identify, format, called a culture is not easy, so Cao Duy Son, Tran Thuy Mai has made no small effort With short stories of Cao Duy Son, Tran Thuy Mai, we can be seen, there has been together of cultures, ethnic literature in the basic problems of our time Discover the reservoir floor Tay ethnic culture to understand and maintain it, but not just stop there, they has set their ethnic culture in the integration trend with contemporary Vietnamese culture and cultural world Because a culture want to have life everlasting to know the open view of the world See refraction, and change the format of national cultural values to understand yourself better and how to adjust fit, is the reference comes from the writer's works Cao Duy Son and Tran Thuy Mai Composed of Cao Duy Son demonstrates the writer's opinion: "Contemporary Culture is what we need to add to and honor, what sustainable traditional culture, by all the things of culture are beautiful and need to preserve it It is the culture we live well together, behave nice with each other, kind to each other.'' REFERENCES Edgar Morin, 2008, Phương pháp Tư tưởng – NXB ĐHQG Hà nội Jean Chevalier, Alain Gheerbrant (1996), The Penguin Dictionary of Symbols (Dictionary, Penguin) Reprint Edition, John Buchanan-Brown (Translator), Published by Penguin Book (Từ điển biểu tượng văn hóa giới, NXB Đà Nẵng, 2002) Phan Ngọc (1999), Một cách tiếp cận văn hóa, Thanh Nien Publishing Trần Thùy Mai (2004), Đêm tái sinh, Thuan Hoa, Hue, Publishing Trần Thùy Mai (2005), Mưa đời sau, Văn Nghệ Publishing www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org Acculturation in Vietnamese Contemporary Literature∗ 17 Cao Duy Sơn (2008), Hoa bay cuốối trời, Thanh Niên Publishing, Ha Noi Cao Duy Sơn (2002), Những đám mây hình h người, Văn hoá dân tộc Publishing Cao Duy Sơnn (2008), Ngơi nhà xư xưa bên suối, Văn hố dân tộc Publishing Snider ED (2010) What’s the big deal?: Psycho (1960) Film.com Available at: http://www.film.com/movies/whats-the-bighttp://www.film.com/movies/whats deal-psycho-1960 1960 (accessed February 2013) http://study.com/academy/lesson/acculturation http://study.com/academy/lesson/acculturation-definition-theory- examples.html 10 Luzhou Li,, If You Are the One: Dating shows and feminist politics in contemporary China 11 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA, Sage Journal Journa of Cultural, http://ics.sagepub.com/content/18/5/519 12 Paul N Lakey (2003), Abilene Christian University, Acculturation: a Review of the Literature, Intercultural Communication Studies XII-2 2003, http://web.uri.edu/iaics/files/10 ://web.uri.edu/iaics/files/10-Paul-N.-Lakey.pdf AUTHOR DETAILS Hue Hoang Thi is PhD, Lecturer of Language and Literature Department, Hue University of Education She received a BS and MS degree in Language and Literature Department, Hue University of Education, Viet Nam, in 1994 and 2001 She received her Ph.D degree at the Institute of Literature, National Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam, in 2007 She was a chair in the subcommittee Postmodern Literature at the International Conference Confe of “The Louisville Conference on Literature & Culture since 1900”, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, KY 40292, USA, in 2013 She was co- editor of the Science Journal of Hue University Her research interested include Theory and Literary Literar History, Vietnamese Literature, other countries literary in the world (and in the relation to cultural) She is currently Head of Vietnamese Literature Section of Hue University of Education, Viet Nam Email: hoanghuedhsp@gmail.com Her Books: • New Poetry in relationship between literature and culture • Vietnamese modern literature period 19301930 1945 www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org 18 Hue Hoang Thi & Ha Hoang Thi Hong Ha Hoang Thi Hong is PhD, Lecturer, Director of Information Center, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam Her research interested include Theory and Literary History, Vietnamese Literature, other countries literary in the world Email: hoanghongha@vanlanguni.edu.vn www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org ... people with abundant inner feeling, favor to spirit, binding in responsibility and position Hue people tend to spirit living, favor to inside feeling not outside one The own aspect in Hue character... Thùy Mai (20 04), Đêm tái sinh, Thuan Hoa, Hue, Publishing Trần Thùy Mai (20 05), Mưa đời sau, Văn Nghệ Publishing www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org Acculturation in Vietnamese Contemporary Literature? ??... calm in mind The religion is not something too high to reach In Tran Thuy Mai’s works are gentle, kind, well-behaved girls with potentially decisive, dare-living, dare-loving, dare-struggling