GEM Vietnam Report 2014 Short version in Vietnamese 1 tài liệu, giáo án, bài giảng , luận văn, luận án, đồ án, bài tập l...
1 !"#$ %& '()*+ !!" 2 I would like to express all of my sincere gratitude to Mr. Nguyen Xuan Thom, my supervisor, for his invaluable advice as well as great help in the completion of this minor thesis paper. My thanks then go to some lecturers of literature of Department of Literature of Hanoi University of Education, who gave me suggestions on the translated version. I would also like to thank all of my friends and colleagues for their constructive comments and suggestions, without which this paper could not have been completed. 3 This study aims at pointing out the differences and the similarities between noun phrases in Vietnamese and English and then analyzing noun phrases from the two selected chapters of “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen and their equivalents in the translated version. The results of the study suggest some common rules in translating noun phrases from English to Vietnamese and some implications on the work of translating. They also recommend a number of things for readers to consider in their choice of a good translation. 4 I. Rationale ………………………………………………………………… II. Aims of the study ………………………………………………………. III. Scope of the study …………………………………………………… IV. Methods of the study …………………………………………………. V. Organization of the study …………………………………………… ………………………………………… ………………………. ……………………………………………………… I.1. Definition of translation …………………………………………… I.2. Translation of fiction………………………………………………… I.3. Equivalence…………………………………………………………… 1.3.1. The nature of equivalence…………………………………………. 1.3.2: Types of equivalence………………………………………………. …………………………………… 2.1: Noun phrases in English ……………………………………………. 2.1.1: Traditional grammar and the concept of a noun phrase…………… 2.1.2: Halliday’s concept of a noun phrase……………………………… 2.2. Noun phrases in Vietnamese………………………………………… 2.2.1. General remarks on noun phrases in Vietnamese………………… 2.2.2. Premodification of noun phrases in Vietnamese…………………… 2.2.2.1. Premodification by classifiers……………………………… 2.2.2.2. Premodification by quantifiers………………………………. 2.2.2.3. Premodification by numerals and adverbials of quantity……… !Postmodification of noun phrases in Vietnamese…………………… 5 2.2.3.1. Postmodification by noun or noun phrases…………………… Postmodification by adjectives and adjectival phrases………… BÁO CÁO #ī.ij&#Ł$)"#$ĩ+1$ĩ/) ( 7£,75Ł%Ŀ, +£1ų, Chỉ số Khởi nghiệp Việt Nam 2014 - GEM Việt Nam 2014: Chủ biên: TS Lương Minh Huân Nhóm nghiên cứu GEM Việt Nam: TS Lương Minh Huân - Trưởng nhóm TS Phạm Thị Thu Hằng - Thành viên ThS Lê Thanh Hải - Thành viên ThS Đoàn Thúy Nga - Thành viên ThS Đoàn Thị Quyên - Thành viên Cơ quan chủ quản: Phòng Thương mại Công nghiệp Việt Nam - VCCI Nhà tài trợ: Trung tâm nghiên cứu phát triển quốc tế Canada (IDRC) - Tài trợ Công ty Coca-Cola Việt Nam - Đồng tài trợ Công ty Suntory PepsiCo - Đồng tài trợ Báo cáo Chỉ số Khởi nghiệp Việt Nam 2014 thuộc quyền của: Phòng Thương mại Công nghiệp Việt Nam - VCCI Hiệp hội nhà nghiên cứu kinh doanh toàn cầu - GERA Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Phát triển Quốc tế Canada - IDRC Trường Đại học Tun Abdul Razak – UNIRAZAK Trở thành doanh nhân ước muốn 67,2% người trưởng thành Việt Nam Doanh nhân ngày nhận tôn trọng xã hội Lần đầu lịch sử Việt Nam hai từ “Doanh nhân” xuất Hiến pháp năm 2013 Hiện nay, nghiệp phát triển doanh nhân Việt Nam thực theo tinh thần Nghị số 09/NQTƯ Xây dựng phát huy vai trò đội ngũ doanh nhân Việt Nam thời kỳ đẩy mạnh công nghiệp hóa, đại hóa hội nhập quốc tế Chính nhận thức tích cực góp phần giúp thúc đẩy việc khởi kinh doanh giúp doanh nhân Việt Nam có điều kiện để phát triển tốt Tìm hiểu hội kinh doanh, khả nắm bắt hội để khởi kinh doanh quốc gia mục đích nghiên cứu Chỉ số khởi kinh doanh toàn cầu (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor – GEM) Được năm 1999, năm 2014 nghiên cứu GEM thu hút 73 quốc gia vùng lãnh thổ tham gia, chiếm 72,4% dân số giới 90% GDP giới Điều giúp cho GEM trở thành nghiên cứu có quy mô lớn khởi kinh doanh giới Báo cáo GEM toàn cầu năm 2014 cho thấy tín hiệu tích cực khởi nghiệp quốc gia nhờ phục hồi kinh tế Năm 2014 năm thứ hai liên tiếp Phòng Thương mại Công nghiệp Việt Nam (VCCI) đại diện cho Việt Nam tham gia nghiên cứu GEM Dựa liệu thu thập từ khảo sát người trưởng thành khảo sát chuyên gia Việt Nam, VCCI xây dựng báo cáo Chỉ số Khởi nghiệp Việt Nam 2014 - GEM Việt Nam 2014 Báo cáo cho thấy tranh đặc điểm điều kiện phát triển kinh doanh Việt Nam Với việc tham gia vào mạng lưới nghiên cứu GEM toàn cầu, báo cáo giúp so sánh thực trạng phát triển kinh doanh Việt Nam với nước giới, nước trình độ phát triển nước khu vực ASEAN VCCI chân thành cảm ơn trợ giúp Trung tâm nghiên cứu phát triển quốc tế Canada, Công ty Coca-Cola Việt Nam Công ty Suntory PepsiCo việc triển khai nghiên cứu GEM Việt Nam Với khuyến nghị sách hỗ trợ khởi nghiệp phát triển kinh doanh, tin tưởng rằng, Báo cáo Chỉ số Khởi nghiệp Việt Nam 2014 công cụ hữu ích cho phát triển kinh doanh kinh tế Việt Nam thời gian tới TS VŨ TIẾN LỘC CHỦ TỊCH PHÒNG THƯƠNG MẠI VÀ CÔNG NGHIỆP VIỆT NAM Để đánh giá thực trạng khởi nghiệp phát triển kinh doanh quốc gia nhằm cung cấp thông tin cập nhật xác hoạt động kinh doanh toàn cầu cho số lượng lớn nhà hoạch định sách, nhà nghiên cứu, doanh nhân người quan tâm toàn giới, nghiên cứu Chỉ số Khởi nghiệp toàn cầu (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor), biết đến với tên GEM, năm 1999 Sau 16 năm triển khai, GEM thu hút khoảng 100 quốc gia tham dự trở thành nghiên cứu có quy mô lớn kinh doanh toàn cầu Báo cáo GEM 2014 thu hút được 206 nghìn người tham gia, đại diện cho 73 quốc gia, chiếm 72,4% dân số giới 90% GDP giới Năm 2014 năm thứ hai liên tiếp Phòng Thương mại Công nghiệp Việt Nam đại diện cho Việt Nam tham gia nghiên cứu GEM Dựa liệu thu thập từ nghìn người trưởng thành 36 chuyên gia Việt Nam, báo cáo Chỉ số Khởi nghiệp Việt Nam 2014 - GEM Việt Nam 2014 - cho thấy tranh đặc điểm phát triển kinh doanh Việt Nam theo giai đoạn chu kỳ phát triển, từ doanh nhân tiềm năng, đến lúc khởi sự, trải qua giai đoạn đầu, phát triển ổn định cuối chấm dứt hoạt động kinh doanh Ngoài ra, Báo cáo giúp đưa khung phân tích điều kiện phát triển kinh doanh Việt Nam Những so sánh với quốc gia khác, quốc gia trình độ phát triển với Việt Nam cho thấy tình hình kinh doanh Việt Nam năm 2014 khả quan so với năm 2013, nhiên nhiều bất cập ảnh hưởng tới trình khởi phát triển kinh doanh Phòng Thương mại Công nghiệp Việt Nam trân trọng cám ơn Trung tâm nghiên cứu phát triển quốc tế Canada (International Development Research Centre - IDRC) nhà tài trợ cho nghiên cứu GEM Việt Nam, cám ơn đồng tài trợ Công ty Coca-Cola Việt Nam Công ty Suntory PepsiCo VCCI cám ơn hỗ trợ Hiệp hội nhà nghiên cứu doanh nhân toàn cầu (Global Entrepreneurship Research Association - GERA) trường Đại học Tun Abdul Razak phương pháp nghiên cứu khảo sát thực GEM Việt Nam VCCI cám ơn cá nhân tích cực hỗ trợ VCCI thực nghiên cứu GEM: ông Edgard Rodriguez, ông Roland Xavier cám ơn cá nhân tham gia trả lời khảo sát phục vụ cho nghiên cứu GEM 2014 Việt Nam Báo cáo Chỉ số Khởi nghiệp Việt Nam 2014 Viện Phát triển doanh nghiệp (Enterprise Development Foundation - EDF) thuộc Phòng Thương mại Công nghiệp Việt Nam (VCCI) chủ trì tổ chức nghiên cứu Do tính phức tạp nghiên cứu nên khó tránh khỏi có thiếu sót định Viện Phát triển doanh nghiệp mong nhận quan tâm góp ý bạn ...CAS E REP O R T Open Access Electrical short-circuit in b-cells from a patient with non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome (NIPHS): a case report Robert Bränström 1,2* , Erik Berglund 1,2 , Pontus Curman 4 , Lars Forsberg 1,2 , Anders Höög 3 , Lars Grimelius 5 , Per-Olof Berggren 1 , Per Mattsson 2 , Per Hellman 5 , Lisa Juntti-Berggren 1 Abstract Introduction: Non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome is a rare disorder among adults, and, to our knowledge, only about 40 cases have been reported in the literature. Case presentation: The patient is a previously healthy 35-year-old Caucasian man. His symptoms began four years ago when he suddenly felt weakness in his legs and started sweating for unknown reasons. The symptoms worsened, and laboratory tests revealed hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia at the time of the symptoms. All diagnostics attempts using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and endoscopic ultrasound did not reveal any abnormalities. At this stage, surgical intervention was planned, and a distal 80% pancreatectomy was performed. The hi stopathologic and immunohistochemical investigations of the pancreas showed an increased number of islets of different sizes, more or less evenly distributed in the gland, but no insulinoma. Patch-clamp recordings from isolated pancreatic b-cells showed that, even at a low glucose concentration (3 mmol/L), the b-cell membrane was depolarized, and action potentials were seen. Surprisingly, in patch-clamp experiments, the addition of diazoxide had a marked effect on K-ATP channel activity and membrane potential, but no effect on insulin levels in vivo before surgery. Conclusion: This case report adds new information on the pathogenesis of non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome, as we performed an electrophysiologic characterization of isolated islet cells. We show, for the first time, that b-cells isolated from a non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypo glycemic syndrome patient are constantly depolarized, even at low glucose levels, but display normal K-ATP channel physiology. Introduction Nesidioblastosis is a rare, but well-recognized disorder of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in infancy. Nesideroblastosis is associated with mutati ons in adeno- sine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K + (K-ATP) channel subunits Kir6.2 and sulphonylurea receptor type 2 (SUR2). In adults, the most common cause of hyperin- sulinemic hypoglycemia is solitary or multiple insuli- noma(s). Recently, non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS)wasdescribedin adults as a novel cause of hyperinsulinism. NIPHS is often referred to as nesidioblastosis, even though NIPHS originates independent of mutations in K-ATP channel genes (Kir6.2 and SUR2) [1]. NIPHS is a very rare disor- der among adul ts, to our knowledge, and only about 40 cases have been reported in the literature. Clinical pre- sentation is heterogen eous, and here we describe a case of NIPHS in a 35-year-old man. In addition, this case report adds new information on the pathogenesis of NIPHS, as we performed an electrophysiologic charac- terization of isolated islet cells. We show, for the first time, that b-cells isolated from an NIPHS patient are constantly depolarized, even at low glucose levels, but display normal K-ATP channel physiology. Furthermore, * Correspondence: robert.branstrom@ki.se 1 The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Bränström et al . Journal of Medical Case Reports 2010, 4:315 http://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/4/1/315 JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CASE REPORTS © 2010 Bränström et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li cense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits RESEARC H Open Access Development and validation of a short version of the Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC) in Dutch Disease Management Programs Jane M Cramm * , Mathilde MH Strating, Apostolos Tsiachristas and Anna P Nieboer Abstract Background: In the Netherlands the extent to which chronically ill patients receive care congruent with the Chronic Care Model is unknown. The main objectives of this study were to (1) validate the Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC) in the Netherlands in various Disease Management Programmes (DMPs) and (2) shorten the 34- item ACIC while maintaining adequate validity, reliability, and sensitivity to change. Methods: The Dutch version of the ACIC was tested in 22 DMPs with 218 professionals. We tested the instrument by means of structural equation modelling, and examined its validity, reliability and sensitivity to change. Results: After eliminating 13 items, the confirmatory factor analyses revealed good indices of fit with the resulting 21-item ACIC (ACIC-S). Internal consistency as represented by Cronbach’s alpha ranged from ‘acceptable’ for the ‘clinical information systems’ subscale to ‘excellent’ for the ‘organization of the healthcare delivery system’ subscale. Correlations between the ACIC and ACIC-S subscales were also good, ranging from .87 to 1.00, indicating acceptable coverage of the core areas of the CCM. The seven subscales were significantly and positively correlated, indicating that the subscales were conceptually related but also distinct. Paired t-tests results show that the ACIC scores of the original instrument all improved significantly over time in regions that were in the process of implementing DMPs (all components at p < 0.0001). Conclusion: We conclude that the psychometric properties of the ACIC and the ACIC-S are good and the ACIC-S is a promising alternate instrument to assess chronic illness care. Keywords: chronic care, measurement, quality, chronic illness, disease management Introduction The increasing prevalence of the chronically ill due to population aging and longevity [1] has resulted in defi- ciencies in the organization and delivery of care [2-4]. Accumulated evidence shows under-diagnosis, under- treatment, and failure to use primary and secondary pre- vention measures [5,6] among the chronically ill. There is also evidence that interventions and quality improve- ments in organizational and clinical processes of pri- mary care can improve such care [7-12]. The literature strongly suggests that changing processes and outcomes in chronic illness requires multicomponent interventions [12-14]. Disease management programs (DMPs) aim to improve effectiveness and efficiency of chronic care delivery [15]. In the literature there are basical ly two typ es of diseas e management models: (1) commercial DMPs and (2) pri- mary care DMPs aiming to improve quality of chronic care based on the Chronic Care Model (CCM) [16]. Commercial DMPs are the oldest models and are more common in the United States. The commercial service is contracted by a health plan to provide selected chronic disease assessment and educational services by telephone, usually for a single condition. Commercial DMPs provide care to chronically ill patients without any involvement of regular primary and hospital care [17]. These commer- cial DMPs are contracted and paid by health insurance companies. The other type of DMPs are based on the chronic care model (CCM) introduced by Edward * Correspondence: cramm@bmg.eur.nl Institute of Health Policy & Management (iBMG). Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands Cramm et al. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2011, 9:49 http://www.hqlo.com/content/9/1/49 © 2011 Cramm e t al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms o f the Creative Co mmons Attribution License (http: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which perm its unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES & INTERNATIONAL STUDIES-VNU, HANOI POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENT PHAM THU HA USING SHORT STORIES IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE CONTEXT OF VIETNAM AUSTRALIA SCHOOL – HANOI (VIỆC SỬ DỤNG TRUYỆN NGẮN TRONG GIẢNG DẠY TIẾNG ANH TẠI NGỮ CẢNH TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC VIỆT ÚC – HÀ NỘI) M.A. Minor thesis Field: Methodology Code: 601410 HANOI-2009 UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES & INTERNATIONAL STUDIES-VNU, HANOI POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENT PHAM THU HA USING SHORT STORIES IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE CONTEXT OF VIETNAM AUSTALIA SCHOOL- HANOI (VIỆC SỬ DỤNG TRUYỆN NGẮN TRONG GIẢNG DẠY TIẾNG ANH TẠI NGỮ CẢNH TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC VIỆT ÚC – HÀ NỘI) SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS SUPERVISOR: PHÙNG HÀ THANH, M.Ed HANOI-2009 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES, AND ABBREVIATIONS vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Rationale of the study 1 1.2. Aims of the study 3 1.3. Scope of the study 4 1.4. Research methods 4 1.5. Significance of the study 5 1.6. Structure of the study 5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 6 2.1. Literature and language teaching 6 2.1.1. Concept of literature 6 2.1.2. Features of literature 6 2.1.3. Using literature in language classroom 7 2.2. Short stories in language classroom 9 2.2.1. Definition of a short story 9 2.2.2. Benefits of using short stories in language classroom 10 2.2.2.1. Reinforcing the skills 10 2.2.2.2. Motivating students 11 2.2.2.3. Introducing literary elements 11 2.2.2.4. Teaching culture 12 v 2.2.2.5. Teaching higher-order thinking 13 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 16 3.1. Sampling 16 3.2. Data collection instruments 16 3.2.1 Questionnaires 18 3.2.2 Interviews 17 3.3. Procedure of data collection 18 3.4. Procedure of data analysis 20 CHAPTER 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 21 4.1. Reseach question 1: How do teachers percieve the use of short stories in teaching English in terms of necessity? 21 4.2. Research question 2: How do students percieve short stories as a source of language input in terms of interest and importance? 22 4. 3. Research question 3: How do teachers exploit short stories in teaching English in terms of purpose, strategy and frequency? 23 4.3.1. The frequency of using short stories in teaching English 23 4.3.2. The purposes of using short stories in teaching English 24 4.3.3. The strategies to exploit short stories in teaching English 25 4.4. Research question 4: To what extent do teachers feel satisfied with their use of short stories in teaching English? 27 4.5. Research question 5: What are the obstacles that have limited teachers’ use of short stories in teaching English? 28 4.6. Research question 6: What are the obstacles that challenge students in learning English with short stories? 29 vi 4.7. Research quesetion 7: What are the recomendations and expectations for using short stories in teaching English given by students and teachers? 31 4.7.1. Teachers’ recommendations 31 4.7.2. Students’ expectations 31 4.7.2.1. Students’ expectations in terms of length, level of difficulty and theme of a short story 31 4.7.2.2. Students’ expectations for the activities in class 32 4.8. Summary of the findings from the interview 34 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 37 5.1. Major findings of the study. 37 5.2. Recommendations 38 5.2.1. Selecting and evaluating short stories. 39 5.2.2. Suggested techniques for integrating short stories in English teaching 40 5.2.2.1. Problems solving 40 5.2.2.2. Activities for using a short story in class 41 5.3. Limitations of VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES *** TRẦN THỊ NGỌC QUÝ THE TRANSLATION PROCEDURES IN VIETNAMESE VERSION OF THE BOOK BIOLOGY BY CAMPELL, N.A. AND REECE, J.B. (2008, 8 TH ED.) Các kỹ thuật dịch Anh – Việt qua bản dịch cuốn sách Biology của Campbell, N.A. và Reece, J.B. (2008, tái bản lần thứ 8) M.A. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60220201 Hanoi, 2014 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES *** TRẦN THỊ NGỌC QUÝ THE TRANSLATION PROCEDURES IN VIETNAMESE VERSION OF THE BOOK BIOLOGY BY CAMPELL, N.A. AND REECE, J.B. (2008, 8 TH ED.) Các kỹ thuật dịch Anh – Việt qua bản dịch cuốn sách Biology của Campbell, N.A. và Reece, J.B. (2008, tái bản lần thứ 8) M.A. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60220201 Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lê Hùng Tiến Hanoi, 2014 i DECLARATION I, Tran Thi Ngoc Quy, hereby declare that the work in this thesis is the result of my own research. It is recognized that should this declaration be found to be false, disciplinary actions could be taken and penalties could be imposed in accordance with university policies and rules. Hanoi, December 2014 Trần Thi ̣ Ngo ̣ c Quy ́ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Hung Tien, who inspired me to conduct this research and spent his time giving me invaluable suggestions, corrections and improvement, without which I would have been, no doubt, unable to finish the thesis. I would also record my thanks to the teachers of Biology especially Ms. Ta Thi Thu Hien and the students in grade 10A5 at Vinh Phuc Gifted High School, who assist me a great deal in the field of Biology to help me deeply understand this field of science in general and the book Biology by Campbell, et al. (2008, 8 th ed.) in particular. Next, my thanks also go to my classmates in K21C, who lent me materials and gave me suggestions during carrying out the thesis. I thank librarians at ELT Resource Center and English Department Library for their helpfulness when I went there to collect materials for my research. Last but not least, I would like to thank my family members and friends for their encouragement, and comments without which I would hardly fulfill my paper in time. iii ABSTRACT In the time of integration and globalization, translation plays an extremely important role in promoting the progress by passing knowledge especially in the field of science and technology and transmitting culture. Without translation, not many people in the world could access to masterpieces and knowledge in other languages. In the past, the readers referred to the translations by some distinguished scholars as the only reference source. However, with the widespread of English and the media, many readers can not only read but also evaluate the translation themselves through reading, comparing and contrasting the two versions, especially when the original is in English. Therefore, having a good translation is of great importance. To achieve this goal, application of appropriate translation procedures is one critical factor. The study „The translation procedures in the Vietnamese version of the book Biology by Campbell, N.A. and Reece, J.B. (2008, 8 th ed.)‟ is carried out to explore the English-Vietnamese translation procedures used in an essential book for all teachers and students of biology, Biology by Campbell, et al. (2008, 8 th ed.). It also aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the application of such procedures so that general rules in translating such texts can be drawn and improvement can be made in the translation of the book or texts of Biology in ... NĂM 2 014 10 1. 1 Nhận thức hội khởi nghiệp 10 1. 2 Nhận thức khả kinh doanh 11 1. 3 Lo sợ thất bại kinh doanh 12 1. 4 Ý định khởi kinh doanh 13 1. 5 Cơ hội tiềm khởi kinh doanh niên năm 2 014 14 1. 6... kinh doanh, họ bớt lo sợ thất bại kinh doanh tỷ lệ khởi kinh doanh cao 35 32 ,1 30 25 20 17 ,5 14 ,7 15 11 ,9 13 ,1 18-34 tuổi 12 ,1 35-64 tuổi 10 2,8 1, 2 Khởi kinh doanh Kinh doanh Giai đoạn đầu kinh... nhân 15 II HOẠT ĐỘNG KHỞI SỰ KINH DOANH Ở VIỆT NAM NĂM 2 014 16 2 .1 Phát triển kinh doanh Việt Nam năm 2 014 16 2.2 Động khởi kinh doanh năm 2 014 18 2.3 Lĩnh vực hoạt động kinh doanh năm 2 014 19