Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com Origins of Gothic Architecture and the Medieval Concept of Order THE GOTHIC CATHEDRAL TT "V Bollingen Series/Princeton www.Ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com www.Ebook777.com /rrz BOLLINGEN SERIES XLVIII Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com THE GOTHIC CATHEDRAL www.Ebook777.com Otto von Simson THE GOTHIC CATHEDRAL Origins of Gothic Architecture and the Medieval Concept of Order BOLLINGEN SERIES XLVIII PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS © COPYRIGHT I956 BY BOLLINGEN FOUNDATION INC., NEW YORK, N.Y NEW MATERIAL COPYRIGHT 962 BY BOLLINGEN FOUNDATION PUBLISHED BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, PRINCETON AND LONDON © THIS VOLUME IS THE FORTY-EIGHTH IN A SERIES OF BOOKS SPONSORED BY BOLLINGEN FOUNDATION Second First This book wav is edition, revised, with additions, 1962 Princeton /Bollingen Paperback Edition, 1974 sold subject to the condition that it shall not, bv of trade, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise disposed of without the publisher's consent, in anv form of binding or cover other than that which in it is published Library of Congress Catalog Card No 12-11946 ISBN 0-69 -01 789- ISBN 0-69 -09741-0 (hardcover edn.) 1 (paperback edn.) MANUFACTURED IN U.S.A BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, PRINCETON, NEW Cloth edition designed by Andor Braun JERSEY To My Mother Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com www.Ebook777.com 1 INDEX 266 England, David, 191, 219 decagon, 209 46, 57, 572, 5872, 64, 68, 107-8, 122, 147, 150, 160, 171-72, 173, 174, 179-80, dedication ritual, 8&T2, 11, 4472, 129 19272 19072, Dehio, Georg, 208 Delisle, Leopold, 127 Enoch, Book Delorme, Philibert, 38, 197, 227-28 Demiurge, in Plato's Timaeus, 28 Denis, St., 66, 74, 8572, 91, 9Z&.11, 114, 170, episcopate: Chartres, 172-75; and investiture, PL 17; banner of, 71&72, 758c?/, 87, 89, 106; in Chartres window, 104-6 Denis the Pseudo-Areopagite, Pseudo-Areopagite Descriptio qualiter Karolus as, 201; relics of, veneration of, 70, 78-79, 86, 103, 137; diaphanous, Gothic see Dionysius the Dame, 72 Library see measurements; proportions Dionysius the Pseudo-Areopagite, 52-53, 58, 103-7, ro 9> I20-2 3i I2 6-27, 130-31, 133, 135, 139-41, 188, 19072, 201; WORKS: Hierarchy, Bernard on, 145-46 St Erigena, see Johannes Scotus Erigena Erler, A., 182 Etampes, 71, 76, 177 Euclid, Elements, 155 III, Pope, 112 Eugenius 54&T2; 172; Marbach-Schwarzenthann, of PL 22a evangelists, 197 772; dimensions, nominibus, 12571 Dominicus Gundissalinus, 67-71; 84, 86, 88 MS., 152 De divinis excommunication, 165-66, 178 Exeter Cathedral, 22272 Exodus, I 172 Ezekiel, Book of, 9, 3572, De divisione philo- 37; Temple of, 11, 228 ra?ade, Amiens Cathedral; see Chartres St.-£tienne; s.v Caen s.v Cathedral; Fontenay Abbey; Noyon s.v Cathedral; Notre Dame; St.-Denis s.v abbey church fairs, 78-79, 91, 13772, 177; of Chartres, 16667; and religious life of Middle Ages, 164-66; of St.-Denis, see Lendit false decretals of Charlemagne, 86, 88, 92 Fecamp, church of the Trinite, Felix IV, Pope, 19422 Paris s.v sophiae, 3372, 4272 doors, see portals Douai MS., 15 172 Dreux, archdeacon of, 14722; house of, 181, 218 Durandus of Mende, Rationale Div Offic, 3672, 12072 Durham equerre, 1472 evangelistary Magnus, 4&T2, 15672 Dijon, church of Notre Celestial of, epic, see chansons de geste, 87 Cathedral, ribbed vaults, 57, 107 dyad, 27, 49 Fels, £tienne, 186 rLagle, as image, Eberbach, abbey 1 fifth, 372 religion, 167-82, 183 Edmund, St., Book of, 10872 Edward VI, king of England, monument de- A (facing p 12) Eleanor of Aquitaine, 137, 174 Eleutherius, St., 70 elevation: and geometry, 14, 15*, 4972; tripartite and quadripartite, 143-44, 196, 202, 203, 205; see also Chartres s.v Cathedral; Chartres basilica; St.-Denis s.v Cathedral en T delit, body, human PL 7; flying buttresses, edification, labor as, 128, 129, 131, 163 Eliot, see Cathedral, 200 Edessa, 177 sign to, PI human, Flanders, 67, 181; count of, 71 Florence: Biblioteca Laurenziana MS., Ecclesia, xxii, 134, 196 economy, and musical, 21, 33, 50, 199-200 figure, of, 4872, 5072 S., xxiii 210&72 Enfances Guillaume, 8372 s.v abbey Romanesque of; Sens s.v 3, 7, 872, 5622, 201, 203-4, 232-33; Pis 33, 35, 36, 38, 39, 43, 44 Focillon, Henri, 62, 198 Fontenay Abbey: fagade, 4972; proportions, 48-50; side aisles, 48, 4972, 50, PL 11; walls, 4972 foot, measures formalism, of, Fouquct, Jean, 18&22, 207 &22, 21572 46 4522, four-leaf-clovcr pattern, 5022 fourth, musical, 21, 33, 50, 199 France, 19, 38^, 46, j8, 150; dynasty; lle-dc-France Francesco di Giorgio, Frankl, P., 233 3622; see also PL Capctian INDEX 267 Frederick I, emperor of Germany, 82 freemason, 220&.72 golden section, Frejus, 177 Freudenstadt lectern, 4577 Fulbert of Chartres, 148, 180, 184-86, 189, Gospels, Anchin Concordance of, 15 177 Gosselin of Musy, bishop of Chartres, 189&77 Gottfried of Admont, 4277 201, PL 225, 30; works: Philomela, Gall, Ernst, 8, griffin, as 16, 156/7 20 5i of Angels, 213*, 214-15; of Kings, 141 Garsia, monk, 13 572 gate of heaven, church facade 109*- 10, as, 113-15, 121, 135 155 Gaucelinus, bishop of Chartres, 161 Gaufridus, 16877 of, 26, 4477; PL 6; Hellenic studies at grisaille image, St., PL 25 190, 221; reform, 1 377 n 377 windows, 3, 113/7, 12077 Grodecki, L., 231-33, 239, 240 Grosseteste, Robert, 51, 198&/2, 200 Guibert of Nogent, De vita sua, 60 Guigue I, prior general of Carthusians, 4477 guilds of tradesmen, 167-68, 180 Guillaume le Breton, 172, 217; works Gesta Philippi Augusti, 159; Philippid, 71, 159, 163&77, 202&77 377 12 Geoffrey, prior of St.-Pierre of the Vigeois, 85-86 Geoffrey I, bishop of Coutances, Geoffrey of Champallement, 7977 bishop arte musica, riagia Sophia, Constantinople, 95, 200 half dome, 118, 143, 185 6, Harbaville triptych, 152/7 146-49, 173, 188 Geometria deutsch, 20877 10, 101; Guta-Sintram Codex, 15 177 Guy of Burgundy, 69 Guy of Charlieu, Regulae de of Auxerre, 22277 Geoffrey of Leves, bishop of Chartres, 64, geometry, 7-8, of, 5477 : Gauterius, archdeacon of Chartres, Book Temple Greek Church, 152 Gregory of Nazianzus, Gregory the Great, St., galleries, 4, 117, 202-3, Genesis, Grail, St.-Denis, 127; philosophy, 105 215 10, 154, 155&77, 208-10, 211, Greece: architecture, 132&72 Fulrad, abbot of St.-Denis, 98 function/form, and architecture, 4-20 functionalism, geometrical, 3477, 214, 230, 240 harmony: anagogical function of, in aesthetics, 23-24, 32, 40, 49, 144, 198-200, 228; air as element of, 4277, PL 10; and Suger, xviii-xix, 123-33, H°i or " 22, 109, 115&77, 119, 120, 126, 127, 197; as basis of medieval 13-20, 132; and Cathedral School of Chartres, 27-39, 56, 154-56, 194&77, 196, proportion, and Cistercian architecture, 48-50; 8, 10, 215; and Villard de Honnecourt, 198-200 Gerhoh of Reichersberg, Opusculum de 19277; functionalism, 16, 19, 4577, 46, 5877, 7777, 82, 87, 63-64, 67, 68, 577, 20477, 216; works: Opera historica, 20777, 21677 Gilbert de la Porree, 2877, 190 Gilbert of Chartres, 147 Gilson, E\ H., 54 Gisbergus, master of St -Victor, 22077 see grisaille ary as, windows; stained-glass windows glazier, craft of, 170 God, as architect of universe, PL 6a Godefroid of Huy, 22272 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 20c gold, 45, 50, 94, 119, 22277 1, 140, 227-31; gate of, sanctu- io9*-io, 113-15, 131, 135, 155 see Celestial City Heavenly City, Hebrard, Frederic, 209 Heisterbach, 58 Henry I, 5077 king of England, xviii, xx, 25, 70, 107, 180 I46, I50, 22277 Gervase of Canterbury, glass, 36/7, 38, 39, hemicycles adosses, aedificio Dei, 3277 Germany, universe, 28-29, 36-38, 191 heaven: church as image of, xviii-xx, 8-1 Henry II, king of England, 108, Henry V, emperor of Germany, Henry of Sens, 64, 142, 144-46 Henry Yevele, 22577 19077, 19277 68, 69-70 Hildegard of Bingen, St., xx, 4277 Hildesheim, abbey church of St Michael, 30/7, 212, 213*, 214-15 Hilduin, abbot of St.-Denis, works: Areopagitica, 104 hodegetria, 15277 Hohenstaufen family, 63 Holy Ghost, 29 Holy Land, 84, 86, 174 54/7, 105, 13772; 1 NDEX 268 Holy Sepulcher, 153, Honoratus, St., 80 Honorius II, Pope, 144 Horace, 72 hosiers' guild, 168 Hugh, 6b 1 works: Commentaria, 139&.77; scripturis, cael., 36/2; 2977, 12 36/;, De Sennones, 177; P., 165 John John John John 56-58; and Gothic 62-64, 95; sculpture, 14 177, 150 illumination: divine, 128-29; manuscript, 43, style, 11577, 105, 5372, De works: 127; 2877, divisione 12672; Exposi- 12572, see Revelation, Book of; Beleth, Rationale div offic, 19372, 19772 of Gloucester, 2 577 of Grocheo, Theoria, 191&72 of Salisbury, 28,4277, 106, 189-92, 19372, 200, 206-7; works: De Sept Septenis, 19077; gicus, 19077; Policraticus, 19 177, Metalo- 19272 John Sarracenus, 103&77, 19072 John the Baptist, St., 219, 221; PL 41 John the Evangelist, St., 103 jongleurs, 83, 86, 88, 238 Jordanus Nemorarius, 16972 45, 46-47, 48, 108, 150-51&77, 21672 symbols imagiers, 220 images, 125 19277; Historia Pontificalis, 122, architecture, cian 577, St.: Apocalypse, Gospel of, 52, 55 198, 21772; and 180-81; and Cister- 118, Chartres windows, 10-1 John, Iconoclasm, 24 lle-de-France, 67, tiones super Ierarch cael., 5472 50/7; 12072 naturae, 105 120, 131/', 36/;, Enid Didasc, 4977; n 572; 50, 40/7, sacra??ientis, Expositio in hierarch Huvelin, as keystone, 84, 86, 91, Hugh du Puisct, -4 Hugh Libergier, 225 &?7; PL Hugh of Noyers, n Hugh of Sc.-Vicror, 3477, De 1; Jews, and blindness, 12 172 Jocelin, bishop of Soissons, 136&72 Johannes Scotus Erigena, 28, 4077, Life of, 20872 St., 221; in Heavenly City, 181, 55, 134-35, an ^ king of France, 137-38, 140; Last Judgment, see Last Judgment; Passion, relics of, 78-79, PI see jube, Mainz Cathedral, 13572 Julian of St.-Gilles, Count, 17372 Incarnation, 36, 55, 153, 155, 160 indictum, 78-79; see also Lendit Jumieges, abbey of, 877, 20672 indulgences, 172 &72 initials, and statue colonne, 150, 15 22a 177; Pis 12, 13b, insignia, royal, 77, 87 154&72 keystone, 134-35, '43 Knut, king of England and Denmark, 180 interdict, 178 investiture, 67-70 Isaac of Stella, 188&72 Isabella, Kantorowicz, E., 138 Katzenellenbogen, A., 239-40 Kepler, Johannes, Mystcnum cosmographicum, Countess of Champagne, kosmos, 29 3572 Isaiah, 13272, 15277 Isidore of Seville, Etymologiae, 113;? Italy, 19-20, 4572, 46, 5872, 63, 64, 65, 81, 93, 17972 Langres: Cathedral, 144; See of, 67 language, and Style, xxiu Lan^uedoc, 10-1 Langton, Stephen, 180 ivories, Byzantine, 15272 Laon, 71,81 Jacobus of Lie 10177, 13477, 3 w &77, » 34-3 34W, ; 228; numtrini- 191, 212, 21577; veil, symphony, cosmic, zS&.n, 124, 38, 132&77, 13977, 191 synagogue, 1 77 synesthesia, 33 Synge, John, 184, 197 abernacle, 38, 228; of Moses, 193 &77, 19477 Taverny, church of, 20877 temple, xxii, 9, 29; of Ezekiel, 11,228; Greek, 6; of Solomon, xviii, 11, 3677, 37-38, 9596, 134, 196, 228 50 statue colonne, New Testament, 121-22 1877, 1,212 stained-glass windows, xxii, 3-4, 477, 6, 50-51, 159, 196; development of, 122; see also statics, 34, 169&77, 10, in tarian, 196, 207, 210-1 &w Statutes of Citeaux, 47 Stavelot Bible, 15172 tetractys, 22, steeples, 16 28 tetrahedron, 21577 Stoddard, W stone, see mason S., Theodore, 149 Strasbourg: Cathedral, 180, 182, 200; Grand- St., 221 theophanies, 36, 53 Theophilus Presbyter, Schedula Seminaire MS., 15 177 structure, and appearance, 4-20 theoreticus, 30, 31 stucco, Thibault V, count of Champagne, and language, xxiii Suger, abbot of St.-Denis, style, 149W, xxiii, 5, 61-90, 14277, 163^, 186, 192, 194, 197, 222, 238-39; aesthetics of harmony, xviii-xix, xx, 123-33, '4°; aes ~ thetics of light, 119-23, 133; and archetypal orientation of medieval thought, 133-41; and Carolingian legend, 82-90; i