Movies in american history, volume i III

MOVIES IN AMERICAN HISTORY This page intentionally left blank MOVIES IN AMERICAN HISTORY AN ENCYCLOPEDIA Volume Philip C DiMare, Editor Copyright 2011 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Movies in American history : an encyclopedia / Philip C DiMare, editor p cm Includes bibliographical references and index Includes filmography ISBN 978–1–59884–296–8 (hardcopy (set) : alk paper) — ISBN 978–1–59884–297–5 (ebook (set)) Motion pictures—United States—Encyclopedias Motion picture actors and actresses— United States—Biography—Encyclopedias Motion picture producers and directors— United States—Biography—Encyclopedias Motion picture industry—United States— Encyclopedias I DiMare, Philip C PN1993.5.U6M68 2011 791.4309730 03—dc22 2011006901 ISBN: 978–1–59884–296–8 EISBN: 978–1–59884–297–5 15 14 13 12 11 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook Visit www.abc-clio.com for details ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America CONTENTS Acknowledgments xvii Introduction xix Films Ali Alien All about Eve All Quiet on the Western Front All the King’s Men American Graffiti American in Paris, An Angels with Dirty Faces Annie Hall Apocalypse Now Badlands Bambi Batman Battleship Potemkin Best Years of Our Lives, The Big Big Chill, The Big Heat, The Big Parade, The Big Sleep, The Birth of a Nation, The 10 12 14 15 18 19 23 24 26 27 30 32 33 35 37 38 41 v Contents Blade Runner Blair Witch Project, The Blue Velvet Bond Films, The Bonnie and Clyde Bowling for Columbine Boys in the Band, The Boyz N’ the Hood Breakfast Club, The Breaking Away Breathless Bridge on the River Kwai, The Brokeback Mountain Bulworth Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid Caddyshack Carnal Knowledge Casablanca Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Chinatown Cinderella Citizen Kane City Lights Cleopatra Clockwork Orange, A Clueless Conversation, The Cool Hand Luke Crash (1996) Crash (2004) Crying Game, The Dances with Wolves Days of Wine and Roses Dead Poets Society Deer Hunter, The Deliverance Die Hard Dirty Dancing Dirty Harry Do the Right Thing Double Indemnity Dr Strangelove Driving Miss Daisy Duck Soup vi 46 48 50 51 54 62 64 65 66 68 69 71 73 75 76 81 82 84 87 89 91 92 97 99 101 103 104 106 108 110 112 115 117 118 120 124 126 128 130 132 134 136 139 141 Contents E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial East of Eden Easy Rider Erin Brockovich Exorcist, The Fahrenheit 451 Fail-Safe Falling Down Fargo Fast Times at Ridgemont High Fatal Attraction Ferris Bueller’s Day Off Few Good Men, A Fiddler on the Roof Finding Nemo Flags of Our Fathers 400 Blows, The Frankenstein French Connection, The Friday the 13th Front, The Full Metal Jacket Gattaca General, The Gentlemen Prefer Blondes Giant Gladiator Glory Godfather Trilogy, The Going My Way Goldfinger Gone with the Wind Goodfellas Graduate, The Grapes of Wrath, The Grease Great Dictator, The Great Escape, The Great Train Robbery, The Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner Halloween Harold and Maude Harry Potter Series, The Heaven’s Gate 145 147 149 151 153 159 160 162 163 165 167 169 171 174 175 177 180 182 183 186 187 189 193 194 196 198 199 201 203 207 209 211 213 215 217 219 222 224 226 228 231 233 235 240 vii Contents High Noon Hoop Dreams How Green Was My Valley In the Company of Men In the Heat of the Night Independence Day Indiana Jones Insider, The Interiors Intolerance Invasion of the Body Snatchers Iron Man It Happened One Night It’s a Wonderful Life Jaws Jazz Singer, The Jerry Maguire JFK Judgment at Nuremberg Jurassic Park Karate Kid, The Killing Fields, The L.A Confidential Land Beyond the Sunset, The Last Picture Show, The Lean on Me Left Handed Gun, The Lethal Weapon Letters from Iwo Jima Lion King, The Little Big Man Lord of the Rings, The Lost in Translation Love Story Magnificent Ambersons, The Magnificent Seven, The Malcolm X Maltese Falcon, The Manchurian Candidate, The Manhattan Man in the Gray Flannel Suit, The Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, The Mary Poppins viii 241 243 246 249 250 252 254 258 260 261 263 265 267 270 275 277 279 280 282 284 287 288 291 293 295 297 298 301 302 305 307 309 311 313 317 318 320 322 324 326 328 329 331 333 Contents M*A*S*H Matrix Series, The McCabe and Mrs Miller Meet Me in St Louis Memento Metropolis Midnight Cowboy Million Dollar Baby Miracle on 34th Street Modern Times Moulin Rouge! Mr Deeds Goes to Town Mr Smith Goes to Washington Music Man, The My Darling Clementine My Man Godfrey Nixon No Country for Old Men Officer and a Gentleman, An On the Waterfront Ordinary People Paper Chase, The Passion of the Christ, The Philadelphia Philadelphia Story, The Piano, The Pillow Talk Place in the Sun, A Planet of the Apes Platoon Postman Always Rings Twice, The Pretty Woman Pride of the Yankees, The Producers, The Psycho Pulp Fiction Quiet Man, The Rebel Without a Cause Rio Bravo Risky Business Rocky Horror Picture Show, The Roger & Me Rosemary’s Baby Saving Private Ryan 335 338 341 343 344 346 349 351 353 355 357 359 360 362 364 366 369 371 373 375 376 379 380 382 385 386 388 389 391 393 395 397 399 400 402 404 407 409 411 413 414 416 418 421 ix Index Bright Victory, 1045–46 The Caine Mutiny, 1118 Casablanca, 84–87 Casualties of War, 1112 Catch 22, 1111 Cease Fire, 1112 China Gate, 1111 Coming Home, 1046, 1111 Cutter’s Way, 1046 D-Day, the Sixth of June, 1118 The Deer Hunter, 120–24, 1029, 1111 Destination Tokyo, 1118 Divide and Conquer, 1117 Dr Strangelove, 136–39 The Eagle Has Landed, 817 Fail-Safe, 160–62 Fat Man and Little Boy, 1112 A Few Good Men, 171–73 Fighter Squadron, 1118 Fixed Bayonets, 1119 Flags of Our Fathers, 177–80, 809, 1121 Flying Leathernecks, 1118 Flying Tigers, 1118 Force of Arms, 1118 Forrest Gump, 1046 Full Metal Jacket, 189–91, 1029, 1112 Glory, 201–3 Good Guys Wear Black, 880 The Great Escape, 224–26, 1118 The Green Berets, 1111, 1119 Hearts of the World, 1028, 1115 Heaven and Earth, 810, 1029, 1112 To Hell and Back, 1118 Hellcats of the Navy, 1118 Hell in the Pacific, 1118 Hell Is for Heroes, 1118 From Here to Eternity, 1118 The Hun Within, 1115 The Hurt Locker, 1121 Jarhead, 1121 The Kaiser, 1115 The Killing Fields, 288–90, 1112 The Last Days of Patton, 1112 Letters from Iwo Jima, 302–5, 809, 1121 The Longest Day, 1118 The Manchurian Candidate, 324–26, 1119 1218 Marine Battleground, 1111, 1119 M*A*S*H*, 335–37, 1029 Memphis Belle, 1112 The Men, 1045 Midway, 1111 Missing in Action series, 880, 1112–13 The Naked and the Dead, 1118 The Nazis Strike, 1117 Never So Few, 816 Objective Burma, 1118 Okinawa, 1118 One Minute to Zero, 1119 Operation Pacific, 1118 overview, 1111–22 The Pacific, 1121 Pearl Harbor, 1121 The Philadelphia Experiment, 1112 Platoon, 393–95, 810, 1029 Pork Chop Hill, 1119 Prelude to War, 1117 Pride of the Marines, 1045 The Prussian Cur, 1115 Rambo I and II, 1112–13 Retreat, Hell!, 1119 The Sands of Iwo Jima, 1118 Saving Private Ryan, 421–23, 809, 1119–20 Scent of a Woman, 1046 Schindler’s List, 425–27 Sergeant York, 1116 To the Shores of Hell, 1111, 1119 Stalag 17, 1118 The Story of G.I Joe, 937, 1118 Tearing Down the Spanish Flag, 1114 The Terrors of War, 1114 The Thin Red Line, 1120 Thirty Seconds over Tokyo, 1118 Three Kings, 493–94, 1121 Thunderbirds, 1118 Till the End of Time, 1045 Top Gun, 499–501 Tora! Tora! Tora!, 1118 Twelve O’Clock High, 1118 U-571, 1120 Uncommon Valor, 1112–13 Under Siege, 880 Universal Soldier, 880 Index Wake Island, 1118 A Walk in the Sun, 1118 War Comes to America, 1117 War Is Hell, 1114 We Were Soldiers, 666, 1121 Why We Fight, 1112, 1117 A Yank in Vietnam, 1111, 1119 War Games, 1074 Warhol, Andy, 843 War Hunt, 782 War Is Hell, 1114 Warner Bros action-adventure films, 878 Allen and, 550 Cagney and, 587–88 Casablanca, 569 Curtiz and, 616–17 Flynn and, 649 gangster films, 962 Harry Potter series, 235 Hopper and, 694 Huston and, 697 The Jazz Singer, 986 Kazan and, 476 The Left Handed Gun, 298 McCabe and Mrs Miller, 341–43 The Music Man, 362 Pollack and, 782 Ray and, 787 Schoonmaker and, 794 sound in film, 1081, 1092 Spielberg and, 809 studio system, 1096, 1097 Wayne and, 846–47 Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, 528 Wyler and, 865 Zanuck and, 867 Warner, H B., 906 Warner, Jack, 616, 973, 975, 987 War of the Worlds, 93, 254, 852–53, 1040, 1072 Warren Commission, 281–82 Warren, Earl, 131 Warren, Robert Penn, 10 The Warrior’s Husband, 683 Warshow, Robert, 947 War Widow, 731 Washington, Booker T., 45 Washington, Denzel, 201–2, 320–22, 325, 383–84, 655, 719–21, 802, 841–43, 886 Washington, Fredi, 883 Wasserman, Lew, 782 Watanabe, Gedde, 451 Watchmen, 1100–1105, 1101 Watch on the Rhine, 1011 The Water Diary, 591 Watermelon Man, 831–32, 884 Waters, John, 843–45 Waterson, Sam, 288 Waterston, James, 119 Waterworld, 613, 695 Watson, Emma, 238 Waxman, Franz, 863 Way Down East, 668, 674 Wayne, John auteur theory, 900 biography, 845–50 Clift and, 390 Cowboys, 863 Ford and, 652–53 Hawks and, 679–80 The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, 331–32 movie stars, 1004 Native Americans and, 307, 1019 The Quiet Man, 407 Rio Bravo, 411–13 The Searchers, 300, 427 Stagecoach, 462–63, 1029 Sturges and, 817 war films, 1111 western films, 1124–27, 1125, 1126, 1127 Way of the Dragon, 878 The Way We Were, 521–23, 782–83, 813, 814, 976 Weaver, Sigourney, 5–6, 539–40, 763, 800, 1135 Weaving, Hugo, 338, 339 Webb, Charles, 215, 762 Weber, Francis, 764 Weber, Lois, 850–52, 1130 Weber, Steven, 440 1219 Index Webster, Ferris, 657 The Wedding Banquet, 717, 938 The Wedding March, 839 The Wedding Night, 836 The Wedding Party, 621 Wedding Present, 670 Wee Willie Winkie, 1042 Wegener, Paul, 965 The Weight of Water, 575 Weird Science, 169 Weir, Peter, 118–20, 534–35, 665 Weissmuller, Johnny, 877 Welcome Danger, 724 Welles, Orson auteur theory, 899 biography, 852–56 Bogdanovich and, 576 cinematography, 918, 919 Citizen Kane, 92–97, 247, 953, 1029 Farber on, 947 Ford and, 659 French New Wave, 956 Huston and, 697 The Magnificent Ambersons, 317–18 Polanski and, 779 Sarris on, 792 The Third Man, 491 Touch of Evil, 501–2 Wise and, 549 Wellman, William, 424, 961 Wells, H G., 93, 1040 Wenders, Wim, 856–58 We’re No Angels, 622 Were the World Mine, 1013 Werker, Alfred L., 884 Werner, Oskar, 159 West, Adam, 26 West, Cornell, 338 Western Book Supply Company, 744 The Westerner, 772 Western films See also Native Americans Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, 76–79, 1127 Cheyenne Autumn, 653 Cowboys, 863 Dances with Wolves, 115–17, 1128 The Deadly Trackers, 1048 1220 A Fistful of Dollars, 1128 Fort Apache, 653, 1124–25 The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, 1123 The Great Train Robbery, 226–27, 1122 The Gunfight at Dodge City, 1048 Hang ’Em High, 1128 Heaven’s Gate, 240–41, 1128 High Noon, 241–43, 1125 The Hopalong Cassidy Show, 1126 Hud, 1127 Joe Kidd, 1128 The Left Handed Gun, 298–300 Little Big Man, 307–8 The Magnificent Seven, 318–20 The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, 331–33 McCabe and Mrs Miller, 341–43 The Misfits, 1127 My Darling Clementine, 364–66 The Naked Spur, 1126–27 overview, 1122–29 The Painted Desert, 661 Pale Rider, 1128 Ride the High Country, 1127 Rio Bravo, 411–13 Rio Grande, 653, 1124–25 The Searchers, 427–29, 653, 1126 Shane, 435–37, 1125–26 She Wore a Yellow Ribbon, 653, 1124–25 Stagecoach, 461–64, 653, 1124 True Grit, 1048, 1127 Unforgiven, 511–14, 1128 The Virginian, 1123 The Wild Bunch, 530–32, 1127 Winchester ’73, 532–33 Western Union, 712 West, Mae, 670, 1054, 1131 West of Zanzibar, 1049 West Side Story, 524–25, 937, 1013, 1015 Westward Ho, 847 We Were Soldiers, 1121 Wexler, Haskell, 530, 762, 919 Wexler, Norman, 429 Whale, James, 182–83 The Whales of August, 668 Whatever Happened to Baby Jane?, 1050 Index What Is to Be Done, 1028 What Planet Are You From?, 765 What Price Hollywood?, 614 What’s a Nice Girl Like You Doing in a Place Like This?, 796 What’s New Pussycat?, 551 What’s Up, Doc?, 577, 813, 1059 What’s Up, Tiger Lily?, 1061 What Women Want, 666, 1062 What Would You Do?, 1047 Whedon, Joss, 266 When Clouds Go By, 647 When Harry Met Sally, 525–27, 643, 1060 When the Chickens Come Home to Roost, 841 When the Levees Broke, 720, 886 When Worlds Collide, 1070, 1073, 1075 Where Are My Children?, 850, 1046 Where’s Mary?, 1047 Which Way to the Front?, 723 While the City Sleeps, 714 Whitaker, Forest, 112, 887 White Christmas, 527–28, 1014 The White Cliffs of Dover, 822 White, Edward D., 44 White Heat, 424, 851, 962 White Lightning, 879 White, Pearl, 1130 White, Ryan, 384 The White Sheik, 982 The White Sister, 668 White Squall, 801 White Zombie, 1043 Whitman, Charles, 577 Whitney, Grace Lee, 465 Whittet, Matthew, 1012 Who Framed Roger Rabbit, 809 The Whole Town’s Talking, 652 Whoopee, 569 Whorf, Richard, 543 Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, 82, 528–30, 611, 761–62, 823, 919 Whose Life Is It, Anyway?, 1047 Who’s That Knocking at My Door, 636, 794, 796 Why We Fight, 268, 273, 594, 928, 1112, 1117 Wicked, 538 Widmark, Richard, 816 Wiene, Robert, 954, 965 Wigand, Jeffrey, 258–59 Wilcox, Collin, 498 The Wild Angels, 576, 611, 978 Wild at Heart, 732 The Wild Bunch, 149, 331, 422, 530–32, 772–73, 1127 The Wild Child, 827 Wilde, Cornel, 963 Wilder, Billy auteur theory, 899 biography, 858–62 Double Indemnity, 134–36, 395, 713 German expressionism, 954 One, Two, Three, 588 Oscar nominations, 1080 romantic comedies, 1059, 1060 Some Like It Hot, 1053 Stalag 17, 224, 785 Sturges and, 817 Sunset Blvd., 478–79 Wilder, Gene, 61, 401, 583, 885 Wilder, Samuel See Wilder, Billy Wilder, Thornton, 701 The Wild One, 524, 573, 582 Wild Orchids, 663 The Wild Party, 557 Wiles, Gordon, 953 Will and Grace, 74 Willard, Fred, 520 William Fox Studios, 845 William Morris Agency, 551 Williams, Billy Dee, 469, 885 Williams, Cindy, 12, 13, 105 Williams, Esther, 570 Williams, JoBeth, 699 Williams, John, 275, 425, 480, 862–64, 1007 Williams, Karen, 33–34 Williams, Michelle, 74 Williamson, Fred, 885 Williams, Robin, 119, 297, 764 Williams, Tennessee Beatty and, 564 Brando and, 581 Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, 87 1221 Index The Glass Menagerie, 760 Kazan and, 701 Period of Adjustment, 687 screenwriters, 1079 A Streetcar Named Desire, 474–76 Suddenly Last Summer, 684 Williams, Tony, 420 Willingham, Calder, 762 Willis, Bruce, 126–27, 405, 452–53, 571, 681, 821, 1022, 1059 Willis, Gordon, 260 Willow, 726 Willson, Meredith, 362–63 Wilma, 841 Wilson, 1029 Wilson, Mara, 354 Wilson, Michael, 391 Wilson, Michael G., 53 Wilson, Nancy, 449 Wilson, Richard, 963 Wilson, Scott, 250 Wilson, Sloan, 328–29 Wilson, Woodrow, 44, 647, 674, 924, 1027, 1114–15 Winchester ’73, 532–33 The Wind, 668 The Winds from Nowhere, 744 Windtalkers, 1021 Winfield, Paul, 885 Winfrey, Oprah, 572 Winger, Debra, 373–74, 1060 Wings, 875 Wings of Desire, 856 Winkler, Irwin, 188 Winning, 759 Winslet, Kate, 495, 591 Winters, Shelley, 389 Wintonick, Peter, 329–31 Winwood, Estelle, 401 Wiseguy, 798 Wiseman, Frederick, 916, 928 Wiseman, Joseph, 581 Wise, Robert, 458, 524–25, 549 Wisher, William, 487 Wister, Owen, 240, 647 Wit, 765 Witches Cradle, 625 1222 The Witches of Eastwick, 768 With a Song in My Heart, 1051 Withers, Grant, 364 Within Our Gates, 744 Without Limits, 825 Without Love, 684, 1059 With Six You Get Eggroll, 1008 With the Enemy’s Help, 776 Witness, 534–35 Witte, Jackie, 759 The Wiz, 550, 728 The Wizard of Oz, 535–38, 647–48, 836, 1009, 1014 Wolf, 764 Wolfe, Ian, 409 Wolfe, Traci, 301 Wollen, Peter, 752, 996 Woloch, Nancy, 539 A Woman Called Golda, 568 Woman in the Window, 713 A Woman of Affairs, 663 Woman of the Year, 385, 538–39, 684, 1058 A Woman Rebels, 683 Woman’s Burden, 851 A Woman Under the Influence, 599, 1134 The Women, 614, 615 Women in film See also Social movements About Sarah, 1048 Alice Doesn’t Live Here Anymore, 1130, 1134 Alien, 1135 All about Eve, 7–8 All That Heaven Allows, 1133 An Unmarried Woman, 1134 The Arizona Cat Claw, 1048 Baby Boom, 1135 Blackboard Jungle, 1048 The China Syndrome, 1134 Clueless, 1136 The Color Purple, 1135 The Devil Wears Prada, 1136 Diary of a Mad Housewife, 1134 Double Indemnity, 1133 Duel in the Sun, 1132 Erin Brockovich, 151–53 Index Fanchon the Cricket, 1048 Fatal Attraction, 167–69, 1135 Foolish Wives, 1048 A Fool There Was, 1129 Fried Green Tomatoes, 1135 Gigot, 1048 Gone with the Wind, 1132 The Hand That Rocks the Cradle, 1048 Happy Face Murders, 1048 The Hazards of Helen, 1130 The Hustler of Muscle Beach, 1048 It, 1131 Julie & Julia, 1136 Kramer vs Kramer, 1134 The Lady from Shanghai, 1133 Legally Blonde, 1136 Thelma and Louise, 489–91, 1135 Lost in Yonkers, 1048 Mildred Pierce, 1133 Network, 1134 New Moon, 1136 Nine to Five, 1134 Norma Rae, 1134 Out of the Past, 1133 overview, 1129–37 The Perils of Pauline, 1130 The Piano, 386–88 Places in the Heart, 1134 The Postman Always Rings Twice, 1133 Private Benjamin, 1134 Scream, 1136 Sex and the City, 1136 Sex, Lies and Videotape, 431–32 The Silence of the Lambs, 444–46 Silkwood, 1134 Since You Went Away, 1132 Sophie’s Choice, 1134 Steel Magnolias, 1135 Swing Shift, 1134 Tender Comrade, 1132 The Terminator series, 1135 Titanic, 494–97 Twilight, 1136 Woman of the Year, 538–39 A Woman Under the Influence, 1134 Working Girl, 539–41, 1135 Women’s Army Corps, 557 Women’s Film Festival, 941 Women’s movement, 1086–88 Wonder Boys, 550 Wong, Anna May, 1132 Wong, B D., 284 Wong Kar-Wai, 958 Wood, Andy, 449 Wood, Elijah, 309 Wood, John S., 975 Wood, Matthew, 471 Wood, Natalie, 353, 409–10, 460–61, 524, 563, 788, 1134 Wood, Peggy, 459 Wood, Sam, 399–400 Woods, Frank E., 946 Woodstock, 794 Woodward, Bob, 1028, 1030 Woodward, Joanne, 759–61 Woolf, Edgar Allan, 536 Woolrich, Cornell, 954 Woolvett, Jaimz, 511 Words and Music, 846 Workers Leaving the Lumie`re Factory, 730 Working Girl, 352, 539–539, 763–64, 1135 Working Girls, 579 The World According to Garp, 688 The World Is Not Enough, 54 The World of Henry Orient, 687 World War I, 8–10 All Quiet on the Western Front, 1028 The Battle Cry of Peace, 1115 Be Neutral, 1114 The Big Parade, 37–38 The Birth of a Nation, 1115 Committee on Public Information, 924–26 Gallipoli, 665 The Hun Within, 1115 The Kaiser, 1115 The Prussian Cur, 1115 The Terrors of War, 1114 War Is Hell, 1114 World War II Air Force, 1117 The Americanization of Emily, 1111 Back to Bataan, 1118 Band of Brothers, 1121 1223 Index Bataan, 1118 Battle Cry, 1118 Battleground, 1118 The Battle of the Bulge, 1118 Battle Stations, 1118 The Best Years of Our Lives, 1045–46 The Big Red One, 1112 A Bridge Too Far, 1111–12 Bright Victory, 1045–46 The Caine Mutiny, 1118 Catch 22, 1111 D-Day, the Sixth of June, 1118 Destination Tokyo, 1118 documentary films, 594, 928 The Eagle Has Landed, 817 ethnic/immigrant culture and, 936–37 Fat Man and Little Boy, 1112 Fighter Squadron, 1118 film noir and, 952–53 Flags of Our Fathers, 177–80 Flying Leathernecks, 1118 Flying Tigers, 1118 Force of Arms, 1118 The Great Dictator, 222–23 The Great Escape, 224–26, 1118 Hangmen Also Die!, 713 To Hell and Back, 1118 Hellcats of the Navy, 1118 Hell in the Pacific, 1118 Hell Is for Heroes, 1118 From Here to Eternity, 1118 Italian neorealism and, 981–83 Judgment at Nuremberg, 282–84 The Last Days of Patton, 1112 The Longest Day, 1118 Man Hunt, 712 Memphis Belle, 1112 The Men, 1045 Midway, 1111 Ministry of Fear, 713 Mrs Miniver, 865 The Naked and the Dead, 1118 Never So Few, 816 Objective Burma, 1118 Okinawa, 1118 Operation Pacific, 1118 The Pacific, 1121 1224 Pearl Harbor, 1121 The Philadelphia Experiment, 1112 Pride of the Marines, 1045 The Producers, 400–402 The Sands of Iwo Jima, 1118 Saving Private Ryan, 421–23, 1119–20 Schindler’s List, 425–27 The Sound of Music, 459 Stalag 17, 1118 The Story of G.I Joe, 1118 The Thin Red Line, 1120 Thirty Seconds over Tokyo, 1118 Thunderbirds, 1118 Till the End of Time, 1045 Tora! Tora! Tora!, 1118 Twelve O’Clock High, 1118 U-571, 1120 Wake Island, 1118 A Walk in the Sun, 1118 Why We Fight, 1112 Woman of the Year, 538–39 women in film, 1132–33 Yankee Doodle Dandy, 543–45 Worth, Marvin, 321 Wouk, Herman, 989 The Wrestler, 1094 Wright, Jenny, 574 Wright, Teresa, 30, 399 The Wrong Man, 1008 Wrong Move, 856 WUSA, 759, 760 Wuthering Heights, 865, 918 Wyatt Earp, 700 Wyler, William, 30–31, 246, 685, 815, 864–66, 903, 918 Wyman, Jane, 999, 1133 Wymore, Patrice, 649 Wynter, Dana, 263 X-Men, 265, 571, 572, 630, 1100–1104 Yablans, Irwin, 231 Yankee Doodle Dandy, 543–45, 587, 588, 616, 1014 A Yank in Vietnam, 1111, 1119 The Yarn Princess, 1049 Yates, David, 236 Index Yates, Herbert, 407 The Year of Living Dangerously, 665 Year of the Dragon, 810 Year of the Gun, 657 Yellow, 939 Yentl, 813, 990 Yezierska, Anzia, 985 Yolanda and the Thief, 15 You Ain’t Heard Nothing Yet (Sarris), 791 You Are There, 656 You Can’t Take It with You, 594 Young, Clara Kimball, 1131 Young Communist League, 521–22 Young Deer, James, 1018 Younger, Walter Lee, 777 Young Frankenstein, 584, 1065, 1067 Young, Gig, 88 The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, 258 Young Mr Lincoln, 461, 652 The Young Racers, 608 Young, Robert, 712 The Young Savages, 656, 1048 Young, Sean, 579 The Young Stranger, 656 Young, Terence, 52 You Only Live Once, 712 You Only Live Twice, 52, 53, 1050 You’re a Big Boy Now, 608 Your Show of Shows, 583 Youth without Youth, 609 You’ve Got Mail, 455, 643, 1061 Yowlachie, Chief, 1020 Zabka, William, 287 Zaillian, Steven, 10, 1080 Zane, Billy, 496 Zanuck, Darryl, 7, 100, 217–19, 246, 784, 867–69 Zay, Jean, 913 Z Cars, 799 1225 This page intentionally left blank ABOUT THE EDITOR PHILIP C DIMARE is a lecturer in the departments of Humanities and History at California State University, Sacramento He has published numerous articles and book chapters on Religious Studies, Multicultural Studies, and American History He is the General Editor for the forthcoming ABC-CLIO offerings Encyclopedia of Religion and Politics in America and Ethnic America on Film: The Complete Resource, and is completing work on a two-volume U.S history text, American Visions: A History of the American People He is also working on a new book, Cinemas of Turmoil: American Myth-Making and Hollywood Genre Films 1227 This page intentionally left blank LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Abbott, Alan C., Indiana University Southeast Adams, Michael, City University of New York, Graduate Center Aldred, B Grantham, Flashpoint Academy Amanatullah, Ihsan, San Francisco State University Arnett, Robert, Old Dominion University Bach, Vicky, Independent Scholar Baltz, Laeătitia, Bordeaux Institute of Political Studies Bausch, Katharine, York University Beeler, Karin, University of Northern British Columbia Bettinson, Gary, Lancaster University Bischoff, Sarah, Rice University Bouchard, Jen Westmoreland, Normandale Community College Brandon, James M., Hillsdale College Bre´gent-Heald, Dominique, Memorial University of Newfoundland Buckaloo, Derek N., Coe College Burke, Anna, University of Houston Cadwallader, Robin L., Saint Francis University of Pennsylvania Calhoun, Lucas, Independent Scholar Camardella, Michele, Independent Scholar Capuzza, Jamie, Mount Union College Cooledge, Dean R., University of Maryland Eastern Shore Coons, Lorraine, Chestnut Hill College Corzine, Nathan M., Purdue University Coulter, Michael L., Grove City College Cowgill, Robert, Augsburg College Cristian, Re´ka M., University of Szeged Curran, Daniel, Independent Scholar Dean, Adam, Lynchburg College Delmont, James, University of Nebraska at Omaha 1229 List of Contributors Donelan, Carol, Carleton College Dragon, Zolta´n, University of Szeged Duren, Brad L., Oklahoma Panhandle State University Eaklor, Vicki L., Alfred University Ertuna-Howison, Irmak, Independent Scholar Faubion, Michael, University of Texas-Pan American Fridirici, Katherine Ann, Saint Joseph’s University Gaia, Susan de, Independent Scholar Gaines, Mikal, The College of William and Mary Gallogly, Caitlin, Independent Scholar Gauthier, Jennifer L., Randolph College Geller, Theresa L., Grinnell College Georgas, Helen, Brooklyn College, City University of New York Graham, Sean, University of Ottawa Guest, Elise, University of Ottawa Hagen, W M., Oklahoma Baptist University Hajdik, Anna Thompson, University of Texas at Austin Hall, Richard A., Columbus State University Hanel, Rachael, Minnesota State University, Mankato Harris, Amy M., Purdue University Hartsock, Ralph, University of North Texas Heiney, Bernadette Zbicki, Lock Haven University Heiney, James, Lock Haven University Hollyfield, Jerod Ra’Del, Louisiana State University Holst, Erika, Curator, Springfield Art Association Howard, Ella, Armstrong Atlantic State University Howe, Tonya, Marymount University, Arlington Hughes, Richard L., Illinois State University Jennings, Arbolina L Texas Southern University Johnson, Charles, Valdosta State University Johnson, Marilynn S., Boston College Keenan, Richard C., University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Professor Emeritus Kennedy-Shaffer, Alan, Independent Scholar Keramitas, Dimitri, European Business School Kern, Kevin F., University of Akron Kirkby, Ryan J., University of Waterloo Kte’pi, Bill, Independent Scholar Kvet, Bryan, Kent State University Lair, Meredith H., George Mason University Leib, Karl, Christian Brothers University Lemberg, Diana, Yale University Lilla, Rick, Lock Haven University Locke, Joseph, Rice University Longmore, Paul K., San Francisco State University 1230 List of Contributors Lyons-Hunt, Jennifer, Austin Community College MacLeod Jr., Douglas C., Fulton Montgomery Community College MacPhail, Kelly, Universite´ de Montre´al Maffitt, Kenneth F., Kennesaw State University Malick, Robert W., Harrisburg Area Community College Martin, Carey, Liberty University McGee, J Bruce, California State University, Sacramento Miller, Cynthia J., Emerson College Mokdad, Linda, University of Iowa Morrison, Jennifer K., Oklahoma State University Muchnick, Barry Ross, Yale University Mullin, John M., McMaster University Murguia, Salvador, Miyazaki International College Neumann, Caryn E., University of Ohio Nordfjoărd, Bjoărn, University of Iceland Nutter, Kathleen Banks, Stony Brook University O’Neill, Benjamin, Independent Scholar Parham, Claire Puccia, Siena College Parker, Chad H., University of Louisiana at Lafayette Paul, Andrew, University of Minnesota Payne, Rodger M., University of North Carolina, Asheville Pelkey, Stanley C., II, Western Michigan University Petrovic, Paul D., Northern Illinois University Petrovic, Sarah N., Northern Illinois University Picarelli, Enrica, University of Naples, “L’Orientale” Platzner, Robert, California State University, Sacramento Poole, W Scott, College of Charleston Popowski, Mark D., Collin College Poxon, Judith, Sacramento City College Puckett, Caleb, Emporia State University Redding, Kimberly A., Carroll University Ribitsch, Daniela, Lycoming College Rippy, Marguerite, Marymount University, Arlington Ritzenhoff, Karen A., Central Connecticut State University Roberts, Van, Mississippi University for Women Robinson, Michael G., Lynchburg College Robinson, Robert C., University of Georgia Rohrer, James, University of Nebraska-Kearney Rolls, Albert, Touro College Roman, James, CUNY, Hunter College Sarlin, Eric L., Independent Scholar Saucier, Jeremy K., St Bonaventure University Sawyer, Gloria, Chicago State University Sayres, Laurie Chin, University of Northern Colorado 1231 List of Contributors Schaub, Joseph Christopher, College of Notre Dame of Maryland Schlotterbeck, Jesse, University of Iowa Sewell, Matthew, Minnesota State University, Mankato Shanadi, Govind, University of Mount Union Sheidlower, Scott, York College/CUNY Shonk, Kenneth, University of Wisconsin-Superior Sim, Gerald S., Florida Atlantic University Simonton, Katie, Santa Clara University Sinha, Babli, Kalamazoo College Smith, Tom, University of Edinburgh Stevens, Kyle, University of Pittsburgh Stone, Christopher D., University of Wisconsin-Manitowoc Tibbetts, John C., University of Kansas Tumpek-Kjellmark, Katharina, Grand View University Van Riper, A Bowdoin, Southern Polytechnic State University Varias, Alexander, Villanova University Varley, Molly K B., University of Montana, Missoula Vella, Tinamarie, City University of New York Vezzola, Mark, San Diego Mesa College Walker, Elsie, Salisbury University Weiner, Robert G., Texas Tech University Williams, Hettie, Monmouth University Williams, Victoria, Independent Scholar Wisniewski, K A., Cecil College Woodard, Jennie, University of Maine Wynne, Ben, Gainesville State College York, Helen M., University of Maine Youmans, Joyce M., Independent Scholar 1232 ... was instrumental in attracting increasingly larger audiences to film-viewing venues Individual viewers had initially watched moving pictures in film houses such as the Holland Brothers’ Kinetoscope... was instrumental in defining in 1930 Unlike the merely suggestive Don’ts and Be Carefuls, the xxxv Introduction MPPC set out, in minute detail, 12 areas of grave concern, including Crimes Against... “professional criminals.” Generally ordinary guys doing ordinary things—one thinks of Fred MacMurray’s Walter Neff in Double Indemnity (1944) (see: Double Indemnity), who sells insurance and stops