ESSENTIAL SENTENCE STRUCTURES

SENTENCE BUILDING / WRITING MODEL 1: TOO + ADJ + (for smb)+ to-INFINITIVE  … - SO + ADJ + THAT … . … - SUCH (A/AN) ADJ + N + THAt . Example : - The box is too heavy for a child to carry. - The box is so heavy that the child can’t carry it. - It is such a heavy box that the child can’t carry it. MODEL 2: TOO + ADJ + … to – INFINITIVE  NOT + ADJ + ENOUGH + (for smb) + to – INFINITIVE Example : - He is too young to understand the question. - He is not old enough to understand the question. - The book is too difficult for the child to read . - The book is not easy enough for the child to read. - The child is not good/mature enough to read the book. MODEL 3: ADJ + ENOUGH + (for )+ to INFINITIVE… –  SO + ADJ + THAT … … … SUCH (A/AN) ADJ + N + THAT .… … Example : - The sea water is warm enough for us to have a swim. - The sea water is so warm that we can have a swim. - It is such warm sea water that we can have a swim. MODEL 4 : … SO + ADJ + THAT  SUCH (A/AN/ ADJ ) + N + THAT Example : a. - The film was so good that I saw it three times. - It was such a good film that I saw it three times. b. - It is such a poor book that nobody reads it. - The book is so poor that nobody reads it. MODEL 5 : … SO + ADJ + THAT … … … SUCH (A/AN) ADJ + N + THAT ….  TOO + ADJ + FOR … to - INFINITIVE ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR … to - INFINITIVE Example : a. - This blouse is so small that she can’t wear it. - This blouse is too small for her to wear. b. - It was such an interesting film that we watched it many times. The film was interesting enough for us to watch many times. MODEL 6 : … TO - INFINITIVE + BE + ADJ  - IT + BE + ADJ + TO - INFINITIVE - IT + BE + ADJ + GERUND - HOW + ADJ + (IT + BE ) + TO - INFINITIVE Example : - To smoke cigarettes is dangerous. - It is dangerous to smoke cigarettes . - It is dangerous smoking cigarettes . - How dangerous (it is ) to smoke cigarettes. MODEL 7 : … TO - INFINITIVE + BE + ADJ/ NOUN  S + V (think,find, .)+ IT + ADJ/N + TO - INFINITIVE Example : a) – To know foreign languages is important. - I find it important to know foreign languages . b) – To be punctual is a good thing. - I think it a good thing to be punctual. b) – It’s necessary to practise English every day. - I think it necessary to practise English every day. MODEL 8 : S + V (Present Perfect) …. FOR (time)  IT IS + time ……… + SINCE … + V (past) Example : a) – Tom and Mary have been married for five years. - It is five years since Tom and Mary got married - Tom and Mary got married 5 years ago/ since 2001. b) – I haven’t visited him for a year . - It ‘s one year since I last visited him. MODEL 9 : S + HAVE/ HAS NOT + VERB (PP2)  …. FIRST TIME + S + HAVE/HAS + V (PP2) Example : a) – I haven’t seen that film before. - It is the first time I have seen that film. b) – I have never been to Phu Quoc before. - It ‘s the first time I have been to Phu Quoc. MODEL 10 : S +HAVE/HAS + NOT + V (P2) ……. SINCE /FOR  - S + LAST + V (PAST) …. - The last time + S + V(past)…. Example : a) – It has not rained here for a fortnight. - It last rained here a fortnight ago. --> The last time it rained here was a fortnight ago. . SENTENCE BUILDING / WRITING MODEL 1: TOO + ADJ + (for smb)+ to-INFINITIVE 