Master the core topics found on the otolaryngology board exam with this comprehensive, quickreview, resource, which parallels the chapters in Baileys Head and Neck Surgery: Otolaryngology, fifth edition. Featuring 1,100 boardstyle questions and a comprehensive online quiz bank for review on the go, this invaluable resource is ideal for both residents taking their boards and for practitioners up for recertification.
Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery— OtOlaryNgOlOgy REVIEW DESIGN SERVICES OF # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No ii DESIGN SERVICES OF Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery— OtOlaryNgOlOgy REVIEW ■ CLARK A ROSEN, MD Director, University of Pittsburgh Voice Center Professor, Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Professor, Department of Communication Sciences Disorders University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ■ JONAS T JOHNSON, MD Chair, Department of Otolaryngology Professor, Department of Otolaryngology and Radiation Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Professor, Department of Oral and Maxofacial Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania DESIGN SERVICES OF Acquisitions Editor: Ryan Shaw Product Manager: Nicole Dernoski Production Product Manager: Bridgett Dougherty Marketing Manager: Dan Dressler Senior Manufacturing Manager: Beth Welsh Design Manager: Steven Druding Production Services: S4Carlisle Publishing Services First Edition © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business 351 West Camden Street Two Commerce Square Baltimore, MD 21201 2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA LWW.com Printed in China All rights reserved This book is protected by copyright No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at permissions@lww.com, or via website at lww.com (products and services) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ISBN 978-1-45119-253-7 Cataloging-in-Publication data available on request from the Publisher DISCLAIMER Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information present and to describe generally accepted practices However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301) 2232320 International customers should call (301) 223-2300 Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: http://www.lww.com Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6:00 pm, EST 10 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No iv DESIGN SERVICES OF D E D I C AT I O N I dedicate this book to the amazing group of authors and editors of the Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery—Otolaryngology textbook and to the authors of the Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery—Otolaryngology Review Your energy and zeal for excellence is inspiring In addition, I dedicate this book to my late mother, Shirley Maureen Orr Rosen, who always encouraged me to be the best that I could be Her fortitude will live on in my heart Clark A Rosen, MD I dedicate this book to the patients who have taught me so much and to the next generation of physicians who strive to serve them Jonas T Johnson, MD DESIGN SERVICES OF AUTHORS Basic Science/General Medicine Laryngology Shawn D Newlands, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS Professor and Chair Department of Otolaryngology University of Rochester Medical Center Chief Department of Otolaryngology Strong Memorial Hospital Rochester, New York Milan R Amin, MD Associate Professor Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery New York University School of Medicine Associate Professor Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery NYU Langone Medical Center New York, New York Karen T Pitman, MD, FACS Professor Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi Rhinology and Allergy Matthew W Ryan, MD Assistant Professor Department of Otolaryngology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, Texas General Otolaryngology Jonas T Johnson, MD Chair, Department of Otolaryngology Professor, Department of Otolaryngology and Radiation Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Shawn D Newlands, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS Professor and Chair Department of Otolaryngology University of Rochester Medical Center Chief Department of Otolaryngology Strong Memorial Hospital Rochester, New York Michael M Johns III, MD Associate Professor, Otolaryngology Director, Emory Voice Center Emory University Atlanta, Georgia Clark A Rosen, MD Director, University of Pittsburgh Voice Center Professor, Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Professor, Department of Communication Sciences Disorders University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Trauma Grant S Gillman, MD, FRCS Associate Professor Director, Division of Facial Plastic Surgery Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania J David Kriet, MD, FACS WS and EC Jones Endowed Chair in Craniofacial Surgery Associate Professor Director, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City, Kansas # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No vi DESIGN SERVICES OF Authors vii Jonathan M Sykes, MD, FACS Professor of Otolaryngology Director, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of California Davis Medical Center Sacramento, California Pediatric Otolaryngology Margaretha L Casselbrant, MD, PhD Eberly Professor of Pediatric Otolaryngology Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Director Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Charles M Myer III, MD Professor-Vice-Chairman Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center Residency Program Director Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio Head and Neck Surgery Christine G Gourin, MD, MPH, FACS Associate Professor Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins University Active Staff The Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Jonas T Johnson Chair, Department of Otolaryngology Professor, Department of Otolaryngology and Radiation Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Anna M Pou, MD, FACS Professor Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center – New Orleans New Orleans, Louisiana Program Director Department of Head and Neck Surgery Our Lady of the Lake Regional Medical Center Baton Rouge, Louisiana Sleep Medicine Jonas T Johnson Chair, Department of Otolaryngology Professor, Department of Otolaryngology and Radiation Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Otology Barry E Hirsch, MD Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, Neurological Surgery, and Communication Sciences and Disorders Eye and Ear Institute University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Director, Division of Otology/ Neurotology Department of Otolaryngology, Neurological Surgery, and Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Robert K Jackler, MD Sewall Professor and Chair Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, California DESIGN SERVICES OF viii Authors Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Contemporary Issues in Medical Practice Grant S Gillman, MD, FRCS Associate Professor Director, Division of Facial Plastic Surgery Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Shawn D Newlands, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS Professor and Chair Department of Otolaryngology University of Rochester Medical Center Chief Department of Otolaryngology Strong Memorial Hospital Rochester, New York J David Kriet, MD, FACS WS and EC Jones Endowed Chair in Craniofacial Surgery Associate Professor Director, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City, Kansas Jonathan M Sykes, MD, FACS Professor of Otolaryngology Director, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of California, Davis Medical Center Sacramento, California Karen T Pitman, MD, FACS Professor Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi Radiology Barton F Branstetter, MD Professor of Radiology, Otolaryngology, and Biomedical Informatics Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No viii DESIGN SERVICES OF P r e fa c e “By testing one’s knowledge and thought processes, one learns.” Anonymous This was the motivation for this companion book to Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery—Otolaryngology The Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery—Otolaryngology Review book arises from a combined effort of the individual authors of the Bailey’s textbook and the authors of this book The former contributed questions derived from most of the chapters of the “big book”, and the latter added explanations, references, and uniformity This collaborative effort has resulted in an outstanding resource for the young and seasoned learner to test his or her knowledge of otolaryngology—head and neck surgery We offer our deepest gratitude to all the authors who contributed to Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery— Otolaryngology and the authors of Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery—Otolaryngology Review for their dedication to education and advancement of the field of otolaryngology—head and neck surgery We hope that this book assists in the reader’s quest for improved knowledge of otolaryngology—head and neck surgery Clark A Rosen, MD Jonas T Johnson, MD ix DESIGN SERVICES OF Ac k n o w l e d g m e n t The authors thank Dvora Konstant for her editorial and organizational efforts She took a random list of questions and molded them into a tool for learning x # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No x DESIGN SERVICES OF INDEX A A1555G mutation, 286 Absorbable suture, examples of, 1, 23 Acellular (cadaveric) dermis, as softtissue augmentation implant, 298, 323 Acellular dermal skin substitutes, 16, 30 Acetylcholine neurotransmitter, 101, 117 Acinar cells, for primary salivary secretion, 78, 88 Active middle-ear implants, 240, 274 Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, pathogens associated with, 41, 63 Acute bacterial sialadenitis, sources of, 74, 86 Acute facial paralysis, prognosis for recovery of, 249, 277 Acute otitis media (AOM) bacterial infection and, 156, 175 for facial paralysis, 249, 277 pathogens in, 9, 26 temporal bone imaging for, 239, 273 vaccines for, 155, 175 watchful-waiting and, 167, 180 Acute parotitis, bacteria involved in, 74, 86 Acute pharyngitis, in children and adults, 72, 85 Acute retroviral syndrome pharyngitis, 80, 89 Acute rhinosinusitis, 46, 65 Acute sinusitis, 58, 70 vs chronic sinusitis, 42, 64 complication of, 47, 66 first-line antibiotic for, 39, 62 indications for imaging in, 45, 65 Adenine, 26 Adenoid cystic carcinoma, management of, 206, 223 Adenoid hypertrophy, anomalies affecting operative intervention, 149, 172 Adenoidal/tonsillar tissue, bacterial infection in, 169, 181 Adenoidectomy chronic pediatric rhinosinusitis after, 148, 171 failure of, 164, 179 Adenoma, 208, 224 Adenotonsillectomy, 227, 232, 233, 235 Adhesion, time length for, between cranium and overlying periosteum, 305, 326 Adjuvant chemoradiation, indications for, 187, 214 Adrenal glands, 15, 29 Adult hearing impairment, in United States occupational noise exposure cause of, 267, 285 percentage of, 258, 281 Adults acute pharyngitis in, 72, 85 complementary and alternative medicine among, 6, 25 hearing loss in, 243, 275 olfactory dysfunction in, 55, 69 Aesthetic subunits, principle of, 289, 319 Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), 261, 283 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 72, 85 Agger nasi cell, 52, 68 Air embolism, 7, 25 Airway management, requirement of, 133, 143 Airway obstruction, in patients with gunshot wound to mandibular zone, 126, 140 Airway surgery, mitomycin to, 100, 117 Aldosteronism, primary, 15, 29 Allergic disease, environmental control of, 36, 61 Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, treatment approach for, 35, 61 Allergic fungal sinusitis, 59, 70 Allergic rhinitis and asthma, 42, 63 characteristic of inflammatory response in, 53, 68 classification of, 47, 66 diagnosis of, 53, 69 treatment for, 34, 36, 44, 60, 61, 65 Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), 47, 66 Allergy, 33–70, 44, 64 Allocation (susceptibility) bias, 17, 30 Allogenic fibroblasts, 30 Allogenic keratinocytes, 30 Alloplastic augmentation for chin, 300, 323 for microgenia, 292, 320 Alopecia follicular unit extraction techniques for, 312, 329 medical treatment of, 311, 328 Alpha 2, 256, 281 α-adrenergic receptors, 64 Alveolar bone grafting, timing of, 166, 179 American Academy of Pediatrics, postoperative admission for patients, 231, 234 Aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss, genetic testing for, 162, 178 Aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity, 14, 29 Aminoglycoside susceptibility, genetic inheritance pathways in, 268, 286 Aminoglycosides, 26, 248, 277 Amoxicillin, 39, 62 group A β-hemolytic streptococcus, 80, 89 Amoxicillin–clavulanate, 87 Amplification with hearing aid, 264, 266, 283, 285 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 15, 29 Androgenetic alopecia, treatment of, 311, 328 Aneurysm, 9, 26 Angiogenesis, proliferative phase of wound healing, 14, 29 Angiosarcoma, 198, 220 Ankylosis, 133, 143 Anterior commissure, laceration of, 141 Anterior ethmoid artery location of, 35, 60 marking posterior limit of frontal recess, 42, 64 Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) occlusion with hearing loss, 10, 27 stroke, characteristics of, 263, 283 Anterior neuropore embryogenesis order of, 163, 178 to incomplete closure, 147, 171 Anterior septum, 55, 69 Anterior skull base, thinnest part of, 50, 67 Anterior table fracture, 125, 139 endoscopic repair of, 128, 141 Anterior transmaxillary approach, 43, 44, 64 Anterolateral thigh, 309, 328 Antihelical fold, creation of, 290, 319 Antihistamines, 36, 61 Apert syndrome, diagnostic criteria for, 148, 171 Apopilosebaceous unit, 258, 281 Applebaum prosthesis, 243, 275 Arachnoid cyst, 236, 272 Arcus marginalis, 311, 329 349 DESIGN SERVICES OF 350 Index Argyll Robertson pupil, 24 Ascites, diagnosis and management of, 150, 172 Aspergillus, 13, 28 Asphyxia, 85 Aspiration of food contents, risk for, 104, 118 pneumonia, 94, 115 Aspirin challenge, 56, 70 to control hyperthermia, 32 Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), 60 diagnosis of, 56, 70 treatment of, 54, 69 Asthma, 161, 177 allergic rhinitis and, 42, 63 chronic rhinosinusitis and, 33, 52, 60, 68 exercise-induced, 162, 178 Asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss, evaluation and treatment for, 244, 275 Atoh1 expression, 282 Atresia surgery, 236, 272 Atrophic scars, 325 Audibility bandwidth, for children learning language, 247, 276 Audiovestibular testing, 249, 278 Auditory brainstem response (ABR), 245, 275 maneuvers, alter conduction patterns of, 266, 285 stimulation site for, 261, 283 Auditory dyssynchrony, diagnosis of, 162, 178 Auditory steady-state response (ASSR), 261, 283 Auditory system, technique for intraoperative monitoring of, 245, 275 Auricle, development of, 258, 281 Auricular hematoma, formation of, 129, 142 Autogenous cartilage, harvest of, 288, 318 Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) defined, 264, 284 diagnosis of, 255, 280 primary treatment of, 238, 272 Autoimmune mucocutaneous bullous disease, 75, 86–87 Autologous costal cartilage, 315, 330 Autosomal dominant inheritance, 4, 24 Autosomal recessive inheritance, 4, 24 Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss, 12, 27 Awake fiberoptic intubation, 9, 26 Awake fiberoptic laryngopharyngoscopy, 229, 234 Awake injection laryngoplasty, complication of, 92, 114 Awake laryngeal procedure, absolute contraindication to, 104, 119 Awake tracheotomy, 72, 85 Axonal disruption, 319 Azithromycin, 89 Aztreonam, 26 B Bacterial drug resistance mechanisms, 31 Bacterial laryngitis, causative bacteria for, 99, 116 Bandwidth, audibility for children learning language, 247, 276 Barium swallow study, 97, 116 Barrett esophagus, diagnosis of, 93, 114 Bartonella henselae, 30 Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in children, 315, 330 type of, 198, 220 Basal cells, 50, 67, 88 Batten graft, 54, 69 BcL-2, overexpression of, 193, 217 BcL-X, overexpression of, 193, 217 Bedside swallow evaluation, 102, 118 Behỗet disease, 86 Bell palsy prognosis for, 239, 273 treatment of patient with, 246, 276 Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) as cause for dizziness, 253, 279 posterior canal, direction of nystagmus with, 253, 279 repositioning maneuver on patient with, 253, 280 right posterior semicircular canal, 243, 274 β-transferrin assay, 40, 63 Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology, The (2009), 192, 217 Bilateral aural atresia, 236, 272 Bilateral choanal atresia, 163, 178 Bilateral enlarged lymph nodes diagnosis of, 159, 176 treatment option for, 161, 177 Bilateral second branchial cleft anomalies, 153, 174 Bilateral vestibulopathy, 248, 277 Bilateral vocal fold paralysis, treatment for, 94, 114 Bilateral Warthin tumor, 204, 222 Bile salts, 95, 115 Biofilm, 43, 64 Biphasic stridor, 158, 167, 176, 180 Bleeding, during surgery, 17, 30 Blepharochalasis, 308, 327 Blepharoplasty double-convexity deformity for, 300, 324 plane of dissection for preseptal transconjunctival approach in, 306, 326 upper eyelid, skin preserved after, 293, 320 Blunt neck trauma, 135, 145 Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), 296, 306, 322, 326 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No 350 Body mass index (BMI), skin paddle with low, 299, 323 Bone approximate temperature, during drilling, 304, 325 conduction hearing aid placement newborn with bilateral microtia/ atresia, 308, 327 Bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) implantation for bilateral aural atresia, 236, 272 minimum age for, 272 Bony genioplasty, 313, 329 Bony labyrinth, morphologic abnormalities of, 241, 274 Bony sclerosis, 42, 64 Bony union, definition of, 126, 140 Botulinum toxin function after treatment with, 292, 320 injection, 92, 114 in patient with vocal tremor, 108, 120 Brain hernia, with cholesteatoma, 241, 274 Brainstem stroke, early intervention for, 103, 118 Branchial cleft anomalies (BCA) bilateral second, 153, 174 fourth, 149, 172 sclerotherapy with OK-432 for, 160, 177 third, 149, 172 type first, 158, 176 Brassy cough, diagnosis of, 151, 173 Brow depressor, 310, 328 Buccal cancer with ipsilateral neck dissection, 207, 224 Buccal mucosal cobblestoning, 74, 86 Buccinator muscles, 289, 319 Bulb press test, 36, 61 Bullard laryngoscopies, 106, 119 Bupivacaine, for cardiac arrest, 19, 31 Burning mouth syndrome, evaluation of, 76, 87 C Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) filler, 311, 328 Calyx afferent neurons, 272 Camouflaging scar, technique for, 293, 321 Canal-wall-down (CWD) procedure, 256, 257, 280, 281 Canalicular system, 122, 138 Carcinoma in situ, characteristic of, 7, 25 Cardiac arrest, intravenous treatment of, 19, 31 Cardiogenic shock, 139 Cardiorespiratory arrest, 32 Carotid artery injury, 59, 70 Cartilage grafts for cutaneous defects, 295, 321 tympanoplasty, shortcoming associated with, 256, 281 DESIGN SERVICES OF Index 351 Cartilaginous septum, 67 Cat bites, organism isolated from, 125, 139 Cat-scratch disease, 18, 30 Catecholamines, release of, 132, 143 Caudally positioned radix, effects of, 290, 319 CD3 markers, 35, 61 Cell adhesion, extracellular matrix element for, 297, 322 Cellular dermal skin substitutes, 16, 30 Cellulose topical hemostatic agents, oxidized, 19, 31 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 64 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), in United States infant mortality, 342, 347 life expectancy, 333, 343 Central vestibular disorder, indicator of, 256, 280 Cephalic end of nasal bone, fractures of, 132, 143 Cephalically positioned lateral crura, 310, 328 Cerebellar infarction, 27 Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula, 246, 276 leak, 34, 35, 60, 61 etiologies of, 52, 68 laboratory test for detection of, 40, 63 radiographic study for, in accidental trauma, 48, 66 after temporal bone fracture, 237, 272 use of prophylactic antibiotics in, 40, 63 Cervical esophageal carcinoma, laboratory evaluation for, 193, 217 Cervical liposuction, early contour irregularities following, 307, 327 Cervical lymph nodes, lymphomas in, 192, 217 Cervical metastases, salivary gland tumors associated with, 190, 216 Cervicofacial mass, 165, 179 Cervicofacial rhytidectomy, 314, 330 CHARGE syndrome, 27, 161, 177 Chemical peeling contraindication to, 288, 318 penetration of phenol in, 315, 330 Chemoradiation adjuvant, indications for, 187, 214 after neck dissection, indication for, 207, 224 -related mucositis prevention of, 75, 86 wound problems after salvage surgery and, 188, 215 Chemotherapy, 201, 221 for head and neck cancer in palliative setting, 3, 24 for hypopharyngeal carcinoma, 190, 216 for T2N2B HPV squamous cell carcinoma of left tonsil, 191, 216 Chiari type I malformation, symptoms for, 20, 31 Chin, anterior point on, 302, 324 Chin augmentation with alloplast implant, 300, 323 with implant, 305, 326 Chlamydia trachomatis, 39, 62 Choanal atresia, 155, 174 Chocolate agar, culture on, 89 Cholesteatoma brain hernia with, 241, 274 congenital and acquired, 259, 282 intact canal wall tympanomastoidectomy for, 242, 274 locations of origin of, 264, 284 semicircular canal fistula due to, 262, 283 Chondrosarcomas, 110, 121, 188, 215, 331 Chordomas, 247, 276 Chromophores, 323 Chronic hypocalcemia, 10, 27 Chronic imbalance, 248, 277 Chronic nasal obstruction sleep in, impacts of, 228, 233 with widening nasal dorsum, diagnosis of, 151, 173 Chronic opioid therapy, 15, 29 Chronic otitis media (COM) and facial paralysis, 251, 278 Chronic otorrhea, unresponsive to topical antibiotics, 238, 272 Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), 51, 67 after adenoidectomy, 148, 171 and allergy with nasal polyposis, 51, 68 and asthma, 33, 52, 60, 68 classification of, 51, 67 development of, 48, 66 medications for, 47, 66 surgery for, 147, 171 symptoms of, 57, 70, 71, 85 Chronic sinonasal inflammation, fungal hypothesis, 56, 70 Chronic sinusitis vs acute sinusitis, 42, 64 bacteria in, 39, 62 diagnosis of, 53, 68 Chronic vs acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, 54, 69 Chylous fistula, 187, 214 Ciliary ganglion, pressure on, 125, 139 Cine MRI, 230, 234 Cisplatin, 248, 277 Claims-made policies, 339, 345 Class II occlusion, definition of, 130, 142 Classic oncological surgery and transoral laser resection, oncological resection technique between, 192, 216–217 Cleft lip and palate (CL/P), syndrome associated with, 157, 175 Cleft lip deformity, incidence of, 165, 179 Clindamycin, 9, 26 odontogenic infection, 77, 87 Clinical data mining, programming tool for, 336, 344 Clinical Practice Guideline on Tonsillectomy (2010), 157, 175 Cluster headaches, treatment for, 8, 25 cN0 patients, radiographic imaging for, 182, 212 CO2 laser, for excision, 20, 31 Coblation tonsillectomy, 2, 23 Cobra deformity, 325 Cochlea concussion, 275 Cochlear blood supply, monitoring/ measuring integrity of, 245, 276 Cochlear-implant candidacy measurement used to determine, 254, 279 open-set speech perception and, 255, 280 Cochlear modifier or amplifier, 247, 276 Cochlear outer hair cells, 14, 29 Cochlear potential, sound stimuli and, 250, 278 Cold injury, sensitive skin cells to, 299, 323 Cold therapy See Cryotherapy Collagen type III, in proliferation stages, 7, 25 Comorbid condition, 11, 27 Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in Europe, 11, 27 in preventing otitis media, 4, 24 in United States, 10, 26–27 use among adults, prevalence of, 6, 25 Complex revision rhinoplasty, 300, 324 Compliant billing, fundamental coding concepts of, 337, 345 Composite grafts, size of, 310, 328 Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, 3, 23 Computed tomography (CT), 42, 63 of facial pain, 82, 89 of headaches, 82, 89 high-resolution, 48, 66 inferior rectus, rounding of, 124, 138 of jugular thrombophlebitis, 81, 89 of sinuses, 47, 66 Computer-assisted design and manufacturing technology, 302, 324 Computer-image-guided surgery, 38, 62 Computer imaging (morphing) software programs, 315, 330 Concurring occlusal appliance therapy, for temporomandibular joints, 78, 88 DESIGN SERVICES OF 352 Index Conductive hearing loss (CHL), stapedial reflexes with, evaluation for inner-ear third window, 259, 282 Condyle fracture clinical findings of, 128, 141 open reduction of, 126, 139 in pediatric, complication of, 133, 143 Confidence interval (CI), 10, 27 Conflict of interest direct patient care services billed through Medicare Part B, 343, 348 disclosure of, 333, 343 violation of antikickback principles, 337, 345 Congenital aural atresia, 262, 283 facial nerve abnormality in, 245, 275 ossicular abnormality in, 252, 279 Congenital cholesteatoma, origin of, 247, 276 Congenital hearing loss, 146, 171 abnormal electroretinography and, 155, 171 Congenital heart defects, 155, 174 Congenital hemangiomas, characteristics of, 161, 177 Congenital nasal lesions, intracranial involvement of, 156, 175 Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis, 149, 172 Congenital recessive genetic hearing loss, mutations associated with, 147, 171 Conjunctivitis, 46, 65 Consensual light reflex, definition of, 21, 32 Constant-velocity rotation in dark, 253, 279 Continuing medical education (CME), planning committee steps for, 336, 344 Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy adherence pattern for, 229, 234 for obstructive sleep apnea, 102, 118 for pediatric patients, 227, 233 Contrast esophagram, 131, 143 Conus elasticus, 109, 121 Conventional long-term tissue expansion, 303, 325 Coronal forehead lifting, 301, 324 best candidate for, 302, 324 Coronary artery aneurysm, 72, 85 Cotton-Myer system, 101, 117 Cough brassy, diagnosis of, 151, 173 quality and etiology, 163, 178 treatment for, 165, 179 Coxsackie virus, 264, 284 Cranial nerve VI, 242, 274 Craniopharyngioma, endoscopic endonasal resection of, 202, 221 Craniotomy, during nasal dermoid tract resection, 154, 174 Creep, definition of, 316, 331 Cricoid cartilage fractures, 135, 145 Cricopharyngeal achalasia, 111, 121 Cricotracheal separation, 141 Crohn disease buccal mucosal cobblestoning, 74, 86 oral manifestation of, 74, 86 Croton oil, increasing concentrations of, 312, 329 Cryotherapy, 299, 323 Cutaneous malignancy development, chronic exposure and, 184, 213 Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, 188, 215 Cutaneous tissue, flap transfer of, 314, 330 Cystic disease, diagnosis and management of, 150, 172 Cytosine nucleotides, 26 D da Vinci, Leonardo, 316, 331 surgical system, 26 Dacryocystitis, 46, 65 Data card monitoring software, 233 Data mining and conducting studies, limitations for, 341, 346 Daytime sleepiness, 228, 233 excessive, cause of, 231, 235 Decannulation, 164, 179 Deep space neck infection, complication for, 81, 89 Dehiscence, 165, 179 Dehiscent facial nerve, common site for, 246, 276 Delayed-onset paralysis, 140 Delirium, outcomes in, 12, 28 Dementia, advanced, recommendations for, 100, 117 Dentigerous cyst, treatment for, 193, 217 Depression, diagnosis of, 294, 321 Depressor supercilii, 310, 328 Dermabrasion techniques, punctate bleeding during, 292, 320 Dermal skin substitutes, 16, 30 Dermatochalasis, 327 Developmental delay, risk factors of, 155, 174 DFNB1 mutation, 151, 173 Diabetes appropriate step in management, 71, 85 wound healing, impairment of, 16, 30 DiGeorge syndrome, 27 Dilated lungs, diagnosis and management of, 150, 172 Diplopia cranial nerve deficit in, 242, 274 prevention of, 33, 60 Direct light reflex, 32 Disc displacement, in intracapsular disorders, 80, 88–89 Distal esophageal spasm, 98, 116 Dizziness cause of, in elderly patients, 253, 279 selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for control of, 248, 276 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No 352 DNA, nucleotide components of, 8, 26 Dobutamine, 3, 23 Dopamine, 3, 23 Dorsal and caudal L-shaped strut, 306, 326 Dorsal cochlear nucleus, 261, 283 Dorsal-hump reduction, variations in skin thickness, 298, 323 “Double-convexity” deformity, 300, 324 Double vision, 158, 176, 204, 222 Drill hole, microfracture of, 127, 140 Dual studio lights with soft box, 288, 318 Dysphagia cause of, 111, 121 comprehensive plan for, 100, 117 hypopharyngeal carcinoma and, 190, 216 measures to improve, 103, 118 posterior pharyngeal wall tumor resection and, 184, 213 Dysphonia, 168, 180 causes of, 168, 181 evaluation tool for, 101, 117 Dysplasia, 25 E Ear adult size, age for, 295, 321 with congenital defects, 268, 286 molding techniques, in neonates, 311, 328 protection, proper use of, 262, 283 reconstruction, cartilage for, 315, 330 Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI), 163, 178 Efficiency, definition of, 347 Elastin fibers, 102, 118 Elective neck dissection (END), 191, 216 disadvantage of, 195, 197, 218, 219 Elective neck irradiation (ENI), disadvantage of, 195, 197, 218, 219 Electrocochleography (ECochG), for cochlear blood supply, 245, 246 Electrogustometry, for bell palsy, 239, 273 Electronic health record (EHR) system, 344 standard as telemedicine system, 339, 346 Eliachar technique, for neuromuscular disorder, 97, 115 Embolization for control of epistaxis, limitation of, 46, 65 Emergency department intubations, rate of failed intubations, 99, 116 Empty nose syndrome, 40, 63 End result concept, 334, 344 Endocochlear potential, 250, 278 Endolarynx, laceration of, 141 Endolymphatic sac aggressive papillary adenocarcinoma of, 264, 284 locations, 260, 282 Endoscopic endonasal anterior cranial base resection, risk of injury during, 200, 220 DESIGN SERVICES OF Index 353 Endoscopic forehead lift, 301, 324 advantages of, 314, 330 Endoscopic laryngotracheal cleft repair, contraindications to, 155, 174 Endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP), 44, 64 Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms and, 71, 85 common complication of, 39, 62 Endotracheal intubation, prolonged vs tracheotomy, 148, 171 Endotracheal tube (ETT) on arytenoid cartilages, during fiberoptic intubation, 97, 116 Enophthalmos, delayed, 124, 138 Enteral nutrition vs total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 7, 25 Entropion, 130, 142 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 80, 89 Eosinophil, 35, 61 Eosinophilic esophagitis, 164, 179 diagnosis of, 101, 117 Eosinophilic mucin, 46, 65 Epidural abscess, 38, 62 Epidural hemorrhage, 26 Epiglottic inversion during, pharyngeal phase of swallowing, 97, 116 Epiglottis, 205, 223 Epinephrine, 3, 23 Epiphora, 46, 65, 142 common cause of, in elderly women, 37, 62 Epistaxis, 36, 61, 184, 213 common site of, 55, 69 embolization for control of, 46, 65 Epithelial trachealization, 115 Erythema, with vesicle formation, 291, 319 Esophageal achalasia, 97, 116 Esophageal B ring, description of, 96, 115 Esophageal motility, neurotransmitters for, 101, 117 Esophagoscopy, 131, 143 Esophagus reconstruction, gastric transposition flap vs jejunal flap in, 202, 221 Ethmoidal artery, anterior, location, 36, 61 Evaluation and management (E/M) coding system, origin of, 340, 346 Evidence-based medicine (EBM), 9, 13, 26, 28 ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure, 106, 119 Excretory duct cells, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, origin of, 76, 87 Exit procedure, definition of, 106, 119 Exopthalmus, 158, 176 Expansion pharyngoplasty, 231, 235 Expiratory stridor, diagnosis of, 151, 173 External auditory canal (EAC), 240, 273 External carotid artery, 45, 65 External ear anomalies, 155, 174 External ethmoidectomy, 49, 66 External otitis, in all stages, fundamental principles of treating, 260, 282 Eye exercises in, vestibular rehabilitation, 241, 274 paralyzed, tarsorrhaphy for, 296, 322 penetrating injury, safest course of action for, 6, 25 Snellen chart for, 5, 25 Eyelid notching, 18, 31 F Face analysis, into horizontal thirds and vertical fifths, 316, 331 vertical buttress of, 135, 144 Face-lifting complication from, 301, 308, 324, 327 injured nerve during, 297, 322 Facial asymmetry, radiologic diagnosis of, 317, 331 Facial features, proportionate, 303, 325 Facial nerve, 86 abnormality, in congenital aural atresia, 245, 275 in ears with congenital defects, 268, 286 facial mimetic muscles of, 289, 319 function, deterioration of, intraoperative EMG pattern for, 246, 276 intraoperative, monitoring, 257, 281 lateralized, 269, 286 localization of, 73, 85 paralysis, after penetrating trauma, 126, 140 proximal, 240, 273 during stapedectomy, 264, 284 temporal branch of, 309, 327 Facial pain, computed tomography of, 82, 89 Facial paralysis, chronic otitis media (COM) and, 251, 278 Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, 287–331 Facial reanimation, free-tissue transfer failure for, 295, 321 Failed stapedectomy, 240, 274 Fallopian canal, common site of dehiscence of, 257, 281 Fat transposition, in lower eyelid, 300, 324 Fatigue-resistant slow twitch muscle fibers, concentration of, 101, 117 Fel d 1, 39 Fentanyl, 12, 28 Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing (FEESST), assessment of, 104, 118 Fiberoptic endoscopy, 229, 234 Fiberoptic intubation, awake, 9, 26, 97, 116, 142 Fiberoptic laryngopharyngoscopy, awake, 229, 234 Fiberoptic laryngoscopy, 131, 143 Fibrous dysplasia, 195, 218, 317, 331 Fibrous union, 140 Fibular-free flap, 325, 329 Finasteride, 311, 328 Fine-needle aspiration biopsy for Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 193, 217 for squamous cell carcinoma, 211, 225 Fine-needle aspiration cytology, improve accuracy and adequacy of, 19, 31 First olfactory neuron, 44, 64 Fish oil/omega-3, 10, 26–27 Flap, pivot and length of, 308, 327 Fludeoxyglucose F 18 (18F-FDG) PET, 12, 28 Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI sequence, 236, 272 Follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS), 192, 217 Follicular unit extraction (FUE) techniques, for alopecia management, 312, 329 Forehead flap blood supply to, 314, 330 interpolated, pedicle division of, 314, 330 Forehead lifting, methods of, 301, 324 Foreign body ingestion, drooling following, 146, 153, 171, 174 Four-vessel angiogram, 131, 143 Fovea ethmoidalis, medial, 35, 61 Fracture anterior table, 125, 139 endoscopic repair of, 128, 141 cephalic end of nasal bone, 132, 143 in childhood, 126, 140 condyle clinical findings of, 128, 141 open reduction of, 126, 139 in pediatric, 133, 143 cricoid cartilage, 135, 145 displacement/comminution, 125, 139 frontal sinus, 140 diagnosis imaging for, 129, 141 in motor vehicle accidents, 135, 144 hip, intravenous antibiotics for, 248, 277 increased propensity for, 134, 144 malunion of, 126, 140 mandibular angle, 127, 140 transcutaneous exposure of, 133, 144 treated with 2.0-mm miniplates, 128, 141 midface, 123, 138 nasal bone associated with other facial fractures, 132, 143 in childhood, 128, 141 reduction factors for, 129, 141 orbital floor blowout, 137, 145 posterior table, 125, 136, 139, 145 DESIGN SERVICES OF 354 Index Fracture (Continued ) septal, 127, 140 clinical findings of, 133, 144 subcondylar, 136, 145 temporal bone capsule-violating, 270, 286 cerebrospinal fluid leak temporal bone, 237, 272 evaluating patient with, 244, 275 indication, 262, 283 indicative of facial nerve injury, 263, 283 unilateral condylar, repair of, 139 white-eyed, 144 zygomaticomaxillary, 123, 138 accuracy of, 129, 142 complex, 123, 138 Frailty, 15, 29 Free-tissue transfer failure, for facial reanimation, 295, 321 Frontal outflow tract obstruction, prevention of, 37, 61 Frontal recess medial boundary of, 46, 65 posterior limit of, 42, 64 Frontal sinus fracture, 140 anterior table, management step for, 131, 142 diagnosis imaging for, 129, 141 in motor vehicle accidents, 135, 144 treatment strategy for, 125, 139 Frontal sinus obliteration, factors in, 131, 142–143 Frontoethmoidal suture line, 35, 60 Frostbite, treatment for, 124, 139 Full-thickness lip defect, treatment for, 183, 212 Full transfixion incision, on deprojecting nasal tip, 304, 325 Fundoplication, 104, 119 Fungal balls of paranasal sinuses, 50, 67 Fungal debris, clumps of, 46, 65 Fused malleus–incus, 252, 279 Fusiform excision, 321 G Gallium-67 scanning, 242, 274 Gastric contents, reflux of, 104, 119 Gastric transposition flap vs jejunal flap, in esophagus reconstruction, 202, 221 Genetic imprinting, 19, 31 Genetic mutations, in 22q11.2 region of chromosome 22, 11, 27 Geometric broken-line closure technique, 294, 321 limb length, 303, 325 Geriatrics, study and management of, 17, 30 Globe injury, 140 Glomus jugulare tumor, 267, 286 Glossectomy, 229, 234 Glucocorticoids, 25 Glucosamine, 10, 26–27 Glycosaminoglycans, 297, 322 Goblet cells, 55, 69 Grade III subglottic stenosis, 164, 179 Gradenigo syndrome, 242, 274 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 13, 28 strawberry gingivitis, 86 “Gray literature,” in meta-analysis advantages of, 338, 345 disadvantages of, 345 Great auricular nerve, 86, 297, 322 Greater superficial petrosal nerve, 240, 273 “Ground-glass” matrix, 331 Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS), treatment for, 80, 89 Guanine, 26 Guillain–Barré syndrome, 29 as cause for bilateral facial paralysis, 249, 277 Gunshot wound, mandibular zone, 126, 140 H Haemophilus influenzae, 9, 26, 41, 63 Hair cells, 240, 273 Hair removal, prior to surgery, 2, 23 Hair restoration Juri flap for, 296, 322 surgical, treatment of, 300, 323 Hapten, 62 Head back posture, 104, 118 exercises in, vestibular rehabilitation, 241, 274 -impulse test, 260, 282 rheumatoid arthritis of, 14, 28–29 Head and neck cancer advanced, 21, 32 antineoplastic strategies in, 12, 28 gene mutations associated with, 195, 218 palliative chemotherapy for, 3, 24 pharmacologic treatment of, 15, 29 Head and neck surgery, 182–225 Headache awakening one from sleep, 2, 23 Chiari type I malformation, 20, 31 chronic rhinosinusitis, symptom of, 57, 70 cluster, treatment for, 8, 25 computed tomography of, 82, 89 migraine, diagnosis of, 7, 25 propagation through electrical stimulation of trigeminal ganglion, 5, 24 sinus, cause of, 11, 27 Healing by secondary intention, 291, 319 wound impairment of, 16, 30 proliferative phase of, 14, 29 rapamycin, 16, 29 Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act, 332, 343 Health insurance coverage, in United States, 342, 347 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No 354 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) privacy rules, 338, 340, 345, 346 Health-related quality-of-life instrument attributes of, 76, 87 core domains of, 79, 88 Health technology assessments, 72, 85 Hearing aid, amplification with, 264, 266, 283, 285 Hearing conservation programs, for workers, 237, 272 Hearing handicap measurement calculation, 238, 273 Hearing in midst of noise, suggestions for, 250, 278 Hearing in noise test (HINT), 254, 279 Hearing loss, 10, 27, 248, 277 See also Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in adults, 243, 275 aminoglycoside-induced, genetic testing for, 162, 178 associated with Paget disease, 255, 280 asymmetric sensorineural, 244, 275 cause for, displaced stapes prosthesis, 271, 286 congenital recessive genetic, mutations associated with, 147, 171 infant, incidence of, 146, 171 lead toxicity in, 238, 272 loop diuretics cause for, 277 mixed, 270, 286 screening of, 167, 180 sensorineural, 148, 172 inherited form of, 12, 27 universal screening guidelines for, 168, 180 Hearing protection devices, use of, 262, 283 Helminthosporium, 44, 65 Hemangiomas, characteristic of, 294, 321 Hemangiopericytoma, 58, 70 Hematoma, 308, 327 formation auricular, 129, 142 face-lifting complication, 301, 324 risk of, 295, 321 retrobulbar, 197, 220 septal, treatment of, 124, 139 treating retroorbital, 313, 329 vocal fold, 141 Hemostasis, 5, 24 Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), 42, 64 High-frequency audiometry, for monitoring ototoxicity, 238, 273 High-performance teams, characteristics of, 338, 345 High-reliability organizations characteristics of, 333, 343 features of, 336, 344 Hip fracture, intravenous antibiotics for, 248, 277 DESIGN SERVICES OF Index 355 History and physical examination (H&P) document, for three levels of risk and NPPs, 335, 344 Hoarseness, 159, 166, 176, 180 Homeopathy, 11, 27 Horner syndrome, 86 Human diploid genome, base pairs in, 200, 221 Human error, in health care, 333, 343 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), testing for, 80, 89 Human papillomavirus (HPV)related carcinoma, method for identifying, 5, 24 Human resources, reasons to retaining good employees, 341, 346 Hunsaker tube, 96, 115 Hyaluronic acid, 104, 119 Hyaluronidase, 309, 327 Hydrochloric acid ingestion, management of, 156, 175 Hydroquinone, for postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, 294, 321 5-Hydroxytryptophan neurotransmitter, 101, 117 5-Hydroxytrytamine (serotonin), 5, 24 Hydroxyurea, in preventing chemoradiation-related mucositis, 75, 86 Hyoid bone, location of, 287, 318 Hyolaryngeal elevation, inadequate, 97, 116 Hypercalcemia, manifestation of, 21, 32 Hyperkinetic disorder See Distal esophageal spasm Hyperparathyroidism, 208, 224 primary, 20, 31 surgery for, 196, 219 secondary, surgery for, 202, 221 Hyperpigmentation, postinflammatory, prevention of, 294, 321 Hypertension, for middle ear surgery, 11, 27 Hypertrophic scars, 325 Hyperventilation, 254, 280 Hypocalcemia, sign of, 32 Hypopharyngeal airway evaluation, in obstructive sleep apnea, 229, 234 Hypopharyngeal carcinoma dysphagia and, 190, 216 laboratory evaluation for, 193, 217 paratracheal/paraesophageal lymphatic metastases and, 200, 221 Hypopharyngeal obstruction, increased body weight role in, 231, 234 Hypophosphatemia, 10, 27 Hyposmia, 71, 85 Hypovolemia, 20, 31 Hypovolemic shock, after trauma, 125, 139 Hypoxia, tissue response to, 14, 29 I Iatrogenic bilateral vocal fold paralysis, cause of, 107, 120 Iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, common site for, 34, 60 Iatrogenic Injury, 91, 113 Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, managed with diuretics, 258, 281 IgG4, 41, 63 IL-5, 34, 60 Iliac crest, bone for osseointegrated implants, 302, 324 Impaired laryngohyoid elevation, detection of, 96, 115 Implant selection, for patient’s defect or deformity, 290, 319 Incus interposition graft, ossiculoplasty with sculpted, 240, 273 Indirect brow lifting, 301, 324 Indirect voice therapy, 99, 117 Indium-111-labeled leukocyte planar scintigraphy, 242, 274 INF-γ, 52, 68 Infant hearing loss, incidence of, 146, 171 Infantile hemangiomas, 169, 181 Inferior oblique muscle, of lower eyelid, 293, 320 Inferior petrosal sinus, 267, 286 Inferior rectus, rounding of, 124, 138 Inferior turbinate, surgery on posterior portion of, 36, 61 Infratemporal fossa, 44 Inheritance, definitions of, 19, 31 Inoculation, 18, 30 Insomnia, 233 Instrument validity, for outcomes assessment, 4, 24 Insulin-dependent type I diabetes and sensorineural hearing loss, 252, 278 Insurance databases, limitations for conducting studies and data mining using, 341, 346 Intact canal wall tympanomastoidectomy, for cholesteatoma, 242, 274 Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) vs 3D plan, 185, 213 Interactive video teleconferencing (VTC), 334, 344 advantages of, 337, 345 disadvantage of, 337, 345 Interarytenoid muscle, 93, 114 for vocal fold approximation, 96, 115 Interaural attenuation, 250, 278 Intercalated duct cells, 87 Intermediate lamina propria layer, 102, 118 Intermittent allergic rhinitis, 36, 61 Internal auditory canal (IAC), with cranial neuropathies, 239, 273 Internal maxillary artery, 44, 65 Internal nasal valve, 54, 69 Interpolation flaps, 314, 330 Intestinal metaplasia, 93, 114 Intrabony ameloblastoma, treatment for, 204, 222 Intracartilaginous layer, auricular hematoma, formation of, 129, 142 Intracranial complication, 38, 62 of sinusitis, 56, 70 Intracranial hypertension, idiopathic, managed with diuretics, 258, 281 Intracranial penetration, 140 Intranasal steroids, 45, 65 Intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH), false-positive, 190, 216 Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, acute vs chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, 54, 69 Inverted-V deformity, 312, 329 surgical etiology of, 316, 331 Iodine, 21, 32 Ipsilateral neck dissection, buccal cancer with, 207, 224 Irregular pupil secondary to iris defect, 155, 174 Isoflurane, 11, 27 Isotretinoin, use within last months, 288, 318 J Jaw swelling, diagnosis of, 210, 225 Jejunal flap vs gastric transposition flap, in esophagus reconstruction, 202, 221 Jugular thrombophlebitis, computed tomography of, 81, 89 Juri flap, for hair restoration, 296, 322 “Just culture,” implementation of, 342, 347 Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, 184, 213 Juvenile recurrent parotitis, 78, 88 K Kaplan–Meier survival curves, 8, 26 Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon, 147, 171 Kawasaki disease, complications of, 72, 85 Keloids, 304, 325 Keratosis, of vocal folds, 99, 116 “Keystone” area, 287, 318 Killian dehiscence, location of, 120 L Lacerated eyelid, 18, 31 Lacrimal duct stenosis, 37, 62 Lag screws, for mandibular fixation, 127, 140 Lagophthalmos, after upper eyelid blepharoplasty, 301, 324 Lamina papyracea, 36, 40, 61, 63 Lamina propria layer, components of, 90, 113 Langerhans cell histiocytosis, fineneedle aspiration biopsy for, 193, 217 Laparoscopic fundoplication, 104, 119 Laryngeal cancer, 5-year overall survival of, 201, 221 Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) recurrent laryngeal injury from arytenoids dislocation, tool for differentiating, 134, 144 vocal fold paralysis, 105, 119 Laryngeal mask airway (LMA), 108, 120 DESIGN SERVICES OF 356 Index Laryngeal muscle, bilaterally innervated, 93, 114 Laryngeal sarcoid, 91, 113 Laryngeal speech, gold standard/ preferred method for, 205, 223 Laryngeal stenosis, 166, 180 Laryngeal surgery, ideal laser for, 109, 121 Laryngeal trauma, management of in bull riding injury, 130, 142 in motor vehicle collision, 130, 142 use of stent in, 129, 141 Laryngology, 90–121 Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) diagnostic testing of, 94, 114 proton pump inhibitors reduce symptoms of, 103, 118 signs of, 95, 115 Laryngoplasty, awake injection, complication of, 92, 114 Laryngotracheal separation, 95, 115 Larynx intrinsic muscle of, 92, 113 radiation to, 98, 116 Laser beam components of, 321 vs ordinary light, 294, 321 selection of, 299, 323 spot size reduction effects of, 314, 330 thermal effects of, 20, 31 Lasers, in both contact and noncontact modes, 91, 113 Lateral brow incision, 131, 143 Lateral canthotomy and orbital decompression, 38, 62 Lateral crura, 311, 328 Lateral lamella, 50, 67 Lateral osteotomy, on pyriform aperture, 313, 329 Lateral semicircular canal fistula, 269, 286 Lead toxicity in hearing loss, mechanisms for, 238, 272 Lee Silverman Voice Therapy (LSVT), 99, 116 for Parkinson hypophonia, 119 Left level II neck mass, diagnosis of, 189, 215 Lemierre syndrome, 81, 89 Leukotriene receptor antagonist, 57, 70 Levator anguli oris muscles, 289, 319 Levator aponeurosis, 138 Levator veli palatini (LVP), abnormal attachments of, 167, 180 Lichen planus drug eruptions, 79, 88 Lip tumors, 194, 217 20% lipid emulsion bolus, 19, 31 Lobule-sparing pattern of inflammation, 43, 64 Loratadine (Claritin), 60 Low-molecular-weight compounds, 37, 62 Lower eyelid fat transposition in, 300, 324 retractor, 206, 223 separation of medial and central fat pads of, 293, 320 Ludwig angina, 72, 85 Lupus pernio, 41, 63 Lye ingestion, 150, 172 Lyme disease, as cause for bilateral facial paralysis, 249, 277 Lymphoma in cervical lymph nodes, 192, 217 in enlarged cervical lymph node, diagnosis of, 185, 213 nasal, 50, 67 rituximab for, 203, 222 Sjogren disease and, 186, 214 within Waldeyer ring, 200, 221 Lymphoscintigraphy, 187, 215, 242, 274 M Macros, in medical documentation, 332, 343 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 38, 42, 62, 63 with FLAIR imaging, 257, 281 mucosal lesion, 14, 28 for sinonasal disease, 41, 63 Major allergen, 39, 62 Male face-lifting, complication from, 308, 327 Malignant hyperthermia, treatments for, 2, 23 Mallampati and Friedman systems, 234 Mammalian cochlea, 240 cell types for normal hearing function, 240, 273 Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), 16, 29 Mandibular fractures angle, 127, 140 transcutaneous exposure of, 133, 144 treated with 2.0-mm miniplates, 128, 141 Mandibular nerve (V3), 74, 86 Mandibular repositioning appliance, for OSA, 230, 234 Mandibular second molar, odontogenic infections, 79, 88 Marcus Gunn pupil, 4, 24 Marginal mandibular nerve, 133, 144 Mastoid surgery, postauricular incision for, in infant, 237, 272 Maxillary sinus natural os of, 43, 64 removal of anterior wall of, 43, 64 Maxillary sinusitis, source of, 83, 89 Measles antigens, 245, 275 mecA gene, encodes for, 19, 31 Medial orbital wall exposure, 123, 138 Medical decision-making (MDM), 332, 343 Medical errors, 333, 343 challenge for health care, 339, 345 responses to, 335, 344 Medical malpractice action establishing plaintiff, 342, 347 ethical guidelines for, 340, 346 Medical practice, contemporary issues in, 332–347 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No 356 Medicine quality, definition of, 342, 347 Melanocyte cells, 299, 323 Melanoma of scalp, 196, 219 sinonasal, 198, 220 Melanoma in situ, 188, 215 Membranous septum, 50, 67 MEN IIa syndrome, 182, 212 Mendelian genetics, 4, 24 Ménière disease, 266, 285 Meningioma, diagnosis of, 261, 282 Meningitis incidence of, 272 sensorineural hearing loss after, 154, 174 Mentalis muscles, 289, 319 dyskinesis, 305, 326, 329 Meperidine, for shivering, 2, 23 Merkel cell carcinoma, 189, 215 Mesolimbic dopamine system, 32 Metastatic breast cancer, 239, 273 Metastatic carcinoma, as cause for bilateral facial paralysis, 249, 277 Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in monotherapy, 40, 63 Microfibrillar collagen, 19, 31 Microflap surgery, of vocal fold, 94, 115 Microgenia definition of, 320 management of, 292, 320 Microtia atresia, correction of, 288, 318 young adult with, 269, 286 Midazolam, 31 Middle-ear muscles, function of, 265, 285 Middle-ear space, hypoplasia of, 254, 280 Middle-ear surgery, hypertension presenting for, 11, 27 Middle meatus antrostomy, 45, 65 Middle turbinate, 46, 66 cell anterior attachment of, 52, 68 Midface fracture, 123, 138, 140 Midline submucosal nasopharyngeal mass, 247, 276 Midmembranous vocal fold, symmetric bilateral lesions in, 159, 176 Migraine, 27 -associated vertigo, treatment of, 2, 23 headache, 249, 278 diagnosis of, 7, 25 -related dizziness, 251, 279 Mitochondrial inheritance, 4, 24, 178 Mitomycin, use of, 100, 117 Mixed voice range, definition of, 102, 117 Modified wave scheduling technique, 334, 343 Modifiers, 339, 345 Mohs resection, 198, 220 Mondini deformity, 148, 172, 244, 275 Mondini malformation, 239, 273 Monoclonal antibody therapy, 109, 121 DESIGN SERVICES OF Index 357 Mononucleosis, test for, 77, 87 Monospot test, 89 management of positive, 77, 87 Montelukast, 54, 69 Moraxella catarrhalis, 41, 63 Motilin neurotransmitter, 101, 117 Mouth breathing, sleep in, impacts of, 228, 233 Mucin, 76, 87 surgical removal of, 35, 69 Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 204, 222 origin of, 76, 87 Mucormycosis, 28 Mucosal lesion, imaging study for, 14, 28 Multifocal thyroid, 135, 145 Multilevel obstruction, in obstructive sleep apnea, 230, 234 Multiple neurofibromas, 297, 322 Multiple sclerosis, MRI with FLAIR imaging for, 259, 283 Multiple system atrophy (MSA), 119 Muscle paralysis, 27 Mydriasis, intraoperative, noted while repairing orbital roof fractures, 125, 139 Mylohyoid muscle, odontogenic infections, spread of, 78, 88 Myoepithelial cells, 88 Myopia, 6, 25 Myxedema, 8, 26 N Naloxone, 31 Nasal airway obstruction, due to short nasal bones, 298, 323 Nasal airway surgery, to improving comfort and reducing required pressure for CPAP users, 227, 233 Nasal appearance, shallow (overprojected radix) on, 307, 327 Nasal base, method of stabilizing, 307, 327 Nasal bones fractures associated with other facial fractures, 132, 143 in childhood, 126, 128, 140, 141 reduction factors for, 129, 141 mass in, 156, 175 septum articulates with, 287, 318 short, risk of, 298, 323 Nasal dermoid tract resection, craniotomy during, 154, 174 Nasal lymphoma, 50, 67 Nasal mass, diagnosis of, 210, 225 Nasal polyp disease, diagnosis of, 51, 68 Nasal polyp inflammation, primary effector cell type in, 35, 61 Nasal septum cartilage growth center in, 293, 320 perichondrium of anterior bony septum in, 293, 320 Nasal spine, minor tip-support mechanism, 291, 320 Nasal steroids, 34, 60 sprays, 47, 66 Nasal tip bossae formation, risk of, 299, 323 deprojecting with full transfixion incision, 304, 325 dorsal augmentation graft, decreasing tip rotation, 305, 326 incisions for delivery approach to, 297, 322 ptotic, 310, 328 skeletal reexpansion of overresected, 309, 328 Nasal-tip dynamics, tripod model of, 297, 322 Nasal valve external, structure of, 311, 328 internal, anatomic elements of, 306, 326 obstruction, causes of, 57, 70 Nasofacial angle, formation of, 290, 319 Nasofrontal angle (NFA), vertex, 287, 318 Nasofrontal recess injury, 125, 139 Nasopharyngeal (NP) carcinoma advanced-stage, treatment for, 182, 212 incidence of, 196, 218 recurrent cervical lymph node metastasis in, 202, 222 in nasopharynx after radiotherapy, 199, 220 symptoms of, 201, 222 Nasopharyngeal stenosis, palatal surgery complications, 228, 233 Nasotracheal intubation, 108, 120 National Health Insurance, physician support for, 332, 343 Natural language processing, for clinical data mining, 336, 344 Neck circumference, for obstructive sleep apnea, in adult, 230, 234 cN0, in oral cavity cancer, 203, 222 dissection for T3N0 well-differentiated left lower lip cancer patients, 186, 214 venous bleeding during, 199, 220 elective treatment of, indications for, 205, 223 mass diagnosis of, 170, 181 in right aryepiglottic fold, 205, 223 right-sided, 160, 177 penetrating injury to Zone I of, 131, 143 rheumatoid arthritis of, 14, 28–29 rhytidectomy in patients with class II projection of, 314, 330 ultrasound, 20, 31 Necrotizing external otitis (NEO) clinical features supporting diagnosis of, 260, 282 diagnostic investigations for, 242, 274 Neonates auditory dyssynchrony in, 162, 178 bilateral choanal atresia in, 163, 178 caring, in respiratory distress, 158, 176 stridor in, 156, 175 Nerve excitability test, 244, 275 Nerve grafting, after injury, 302, 324 Nerve sheath tumors, 206, 223 Net collection rate, calculation of, 336, 344 Neural transmission impairment, in auditory pathways, 238, 272 Neuroendocrine response, in trauma, 132, 143 Neurofibromatosis (NF2), 149, 172 Neurogenic shock, 125, 139 Neuromuscular disorder, 97, 115 Neuromuscular electrical stimulation, 100, 117 Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, 32 Neurotropism, 186, 214 Nevus sebaceus, in children, 330 Newborn with bilateral microtia/ atresia, bone conduction hearing aid, placement of, 308, 327 NGT (nasogastric tube), to prevent aspiration, 103, 118 Nicotine, effect of, 22, 32 Nicotine replacement therapy, 1, 23, 28 Noise exposure, time-weighted average for workers, 237, 272 Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), 261, 283 Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia (NARES), 53, 68 Nonpulsatile tinnitus evaluation of, 254, 279 risk factors for, 267, 285 treatment for, 265, 284 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 73, 86 Norepinephrine, 3, 23, 101, 117 Normal hearing function, cell types for, in mammalian cochlea, 240, 273 Nortriptyline, 2, 23 Notch signaling, 261, 282 Notched bucket-handle prosthesis, between incus long process and stapedotomy, 250, 279 NPO (nil per os), to prevent aspiration, 103, 118 Nucleotide components, of DNA, 8, 26 Nucleus solitarius, 283 O Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) adherence to positive pressure therapy, 227, 233 in adult portable or home sleep testing diagnosis of, 232, 235 predictor of, 230, 234 anatomical location of persistent obstruction in, 230, 234 DESIGN SERVICES OF 358 Index Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (Continued ) anomalies affecting operative intervention, 149, 172 common site of obstruction for, 230, 234 continuous positive airway pressure for, 102, 118 diagnosis of, 226, 233 effective oral appliance for, 230, 234 hypopharyngeal airway evaluation in, 229, 234 nasal surgery for, 227, 233 in pediatric patients, 229, 234 first-line treatment for, 232, 235 percentage of patients with, 226, 233 symptomatic nasal obstruction in, 228, 233 symptoms associated with, 233 treatment in adults, 228, 233 clinical outcomes in assessment, 228, 233 first-line, 227, 233 after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, relief of, 231, 234 Occult papillary thyroid carcinoma, imaging study for, 17, 30 Occupational noise exposure, for adult hearing impairment, in United States, 258, 267, 281, 285 Occupational rhinitis, cause of, 37, 62 Occurrence policies, 345 Oculoauricular vertebral (OAV) spectrum, 290, 319 Odontogenic abscess, source for, 81, 89 Odontogenic cyst, 195, 218 Odontogenic infections, 75, 86 antibiotics for, 77, 87 origin of, 79, 88 spread of, 78, 88 Odontogenic source, 83, 89 Odontogenic space infections, trismus at presentation, 75, 86 Office photography, lighting option for, 288, 318 1,25(OH)2D3, low level of, 10, 27 OK-432, for branchial cleft anomalies, 160, 177 Older adults, increasing number of, in United States, 3, 23 Olfactory dysfunction in adults, 55, 69 Olfactory neuroepithelium, 50, 55, 67, 69 Olfactory receptors, differential activation of, 48, 66 Onodi cells, 49, 67 Opacified ethmoid sinuses, 43, 64 Open airway surgery, poorer outcomes in, 103, 118 Open bite, definition of, 134, 144 Open reduction, of condyle fractures, indications for, 126, 139 Open-set speech perception, cochlearimplant candidate and, 255, 280 Operative notes, to ensuring specificity and medical necessity, 335, 344 Ophthalmic artery direction to optic nerve, 189, 215 location of, 35, 60 Opiates, 15, 29 Optic nerve injury, sign for, 4, 24 Optic neuritis, 25 Oral cancer, staging cN0 neck in, 203, 222 Oral cavity cancer, 223 premature spillage of boluses from, 108, 120 Oral glucocorticoids, long-term use of, side effects, 54, 69 Oral lichenoid lesions, cause of, 88 Oral steroids, 34, 60 Oral tongue, 223 Orbicularis oris muscle, 132, 143 Orbital bones, 203, 222 Orbital floor blowout fracture, inferior rectus muscle herniated through, 137, 145 Orbital floor fracture cause of, 125, 139 treatment for, 134, 144 Orbital fractures, in childhood, 140 Orbital invasion, 190, 216 Orbital rims, 203, 222 Orbital roof fractures, 124, 139 intraoperative mydriasis noted while repairing, 125, 139 Orbital subperiosteal abscess, 47, 66 Orbitozygomatic osteotomy, 194, 217 Organ of corti, location of, 256, 280, 284 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 342, 343, 347 Orofacial granulomatosis, cause of, 88 Osseointegrated implantation bone-conduction threshold for, 252, 279 bone for, 302, 324 Ossicular abnormality, in congenital aural atresia, 252, 279 Ossicular chain development, at time of birth, 166, 180 Ossiculoplasty, with sculpted incus interposition graft, 240, 273 Osteoradionecrosis, 197, 219 Otic capsule, embryology of, 262, 283 Otitis media See also Acute otitis media (ACM); Chronic otitis media (COM) complementary and alternative medicine, in preventing, 4, 24 prevention of, 4, 24 risk factor for, 160, 177 Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), 167, 180, 251, 252, 278 cochlea structure and, 154, 174 for monitoring ototoxicity, 238, 273 Otolaryngology, 71–89 pediatric, 146–181 telemedicine use in, 337, 345 Otology, 236–286 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No 358 Otoplasty, complications after, 292, 320 Otosclerosis (OS), etiology of, 245, 275 Otosyphilis, 248, 277 Ototoxicity, 266, 285 drugs causing, 248, 277 modalities to monitor, 238, 273 Overbite, definition of, 134, 144 Overhead flash, 309, 328 Overjet, definition of, 134, 144 Oxaliplatin, 266, 285 Oxidized cellulose topical hemostatic agents, 19, 31 P P16 protein immunohistochemistry test, 24 Paget disease, 331 hearing loss associated with, 255, 280 Palatal surgery, complications after, 228, 233 Palifermin, 86 Palliative care, 5, 24 advanced head and neck cancer, 21, 32 Palliative chemotherapy, 28 for head and neck cancer, 3, 24 Pallister–Hall syndrome, 11, 27 Papillary dermis, 292, 320 Paraganglioma, 194, 208, 218, 224 Shamblin classification of, 209, 224 radiographies for, 266, 285 Paralyzed eye, tarsorrhaphy for, 296, 322 Paranasal sinuses, fungal balls of, 50, 67 Paraneoplastic antineuronal antibody cerebellar degeneration, 254, 279 Parasaggital plane, 43, 64 Parathyroid adenoma, imaging approach for, 20, 31 Parathyroid cells, increase in, 10, 27 Parathyroidectomy, 184, 213 Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome, 18, 30 Parkinson hypophonia, Lee Silverman Voice Therapy, 99, 116 Parotid glands, sensitive to radiation injury, 79, 88 Passy-Muir speaking valve, use of, 91, 113 Pasteurella multocida, 125, 139 Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation, 152, 173 Patient-specific implants, 302, 324 Patterned motor response, 98, 116 Pediatric airway, narrowest portion of, 157, 175 Pediatric rhinosinusitis, imaging for, 153, 173 Pedicle division, of interpolated forehead flap, 314, 330 Peels, phenol-based solution for, 298, 323 Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), pathogenesis of, 75, 86–87 DESIGN SERVICES OF Index 359 Pendred syndrome, 265, 284 Penetrating eye injury, safest course of action for, 6, 25 Penetrating injury to Zone I of neck, initial evaluation of, 131, 143 Penetrating trauma to face, vascular evaluation for, 122, 138 Penicillin-binding protein (PBP), 19, 31 Percutaneous tracheotomy, contraindication to, 93, 114 Perilymph fistula, 244, 275 Perineural tumor spreading, salivary cancers associated with, 185, 213 Periorbital ecchymosis, management of, 123, 138 Peripheral vestibular loss, 248, 277 Peripheral vestibular nystagmus, 246, 276 Peripheral vestibular pathology, characteristics of, 246, 276 Permanent parotid salivary dysfunction, after radiation, 187, 214 Petrous apicitis, cranial nerve deficit in, 242, 274 Petrous carotid artery segment, exposure of, during lateral infratemporal approach to cranial base, 205, 223 Petrous temporal bones, CT of, 242, 274 PHACES and segmental facial hemangiomas, 152, 173 Pharyngeal spasm prevention, at time of primary tracheoesophageal puncture, 188, 215 Pharyngeal squeeze maneuver, 104, 118 Phenylephrine, side effect, 16, 30 Photography avoiding distracting hairstyles, glasses, and jewelry, 312, 329 camera-to subject distance, maintenance of, 312, 329 depth of field, 305, 326 facial, 303, 325 positioning in Frankfort horizontal plane, 312, 329 Physician self-referral law, 338, 345 Physicians in negotiating managed care contracts, goal for, 341, 346 Pivotal flaps, examples of, 307, 326 Plasma imbibition process, 307, 327 Platysma decussation, lack of, 304, 325 Pleomorphic adenoma, in right parotid gland, 196, 219 Pneumatic compression devices, for venous thromboembolic prophylaxis, 1, 23 Pneumococcal vaccination, for cochlear implant, 284 Pogonion, 289, 302, 318, 324 Polyangiitis, granulomatosis with, 13, 28 Polychondritis, auricular inflammation in relapsing, 43, 64 Polymethyl methacrylate (Artefill), 301, 324 Polymicrobial infections, 86 Polysomnography (PSG), for obstructive sleep apnea, 229, 234 Positive airway pressure treatment, for obstructive sleep apnea, 227, 228, 233 Positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT), 12, 28 occult papillary thyroid carcinoma, 17, 30 Postcochlear implantation meningitis, measures for preventing, 243, 274 Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, abductor of vocal fold, 105, 119 Posterior laryngeal granuloma, 95, 115 Posterior table fracture, 125, 136, 139, 145 Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, prevention of, 294, 321 Postoperative, anatomical features of, 289, 318 Postoperative hypotension, cause of, 20, 31 Poststyloid parapharyngeal space, 74, 86 Posturography, sensory organization test (SOT) of, 250, 278 Pott’s puffy tumor, 37, 61 Power density, 314, 330 Preimplantation bacterial load, techniques for, 293, 320 Preoperative fasting, instructions for, 3, 24 Preoperative surgical evaluation, 315, 330 photographic analysis for, 315, 330 Prerenal oliguria, 10, 26 Presbycusis, categories of, 258, 281 Preshunt sphincters, 294, 321 Prestyloid parapharyngeal space (PPS), 15, 29 Primary aldosteronism, 15, 29 Primary headache disorder, 11, 27 Primary salivary secretion, cells responsible for, 78, 88 Private, for-profit insurance industry, 334, 343 Problem-focused care, documenting, 334, 343 Prognathia, definition of, 320 Prokinetic agent therapy, 119 Prolene (polypropylene) suture, 1, 23 Prominent ear, characteristics of, 308, 327 Pronto, 256, 281 Prophylactic antibiotics, must be given within hour of incision, 4, 24 Propofol, 22, 32 Propranolol, 21, 32 Propylthiouracil, 21, 32 Protamine sulfate, 30 Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), reduce symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux by, 103, 118 Pseudoallescheria boydii, 41, 63 Pseudoarthrosis, 140 Pseudobulbar palsy, symptoms of, 90, 113 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 39, 62 Pterygopalatine fossa, 44 Pulsatile tinnitus, during pregnancy, 268, 286 Pupillary constriction, 21, 32 Purulent rhinorrhea, 37, 56, 61, 70 Pyogenic granulomas, 310, 328 Q Quadrangular cartilage, 140 R Radial forearm flap, 304, 325 Radiation, permanent parotid salivary dysfunction after, 187, 214 Radiation therapy acute toxicity after, 199, 220 chemoradiation See Chemoradiation for hypopharyngeal carcinoma, 190, 216 intensity-modulated, 185, 213 particle for, 198, 220 for T2N2B HPV squamous cell carcinoma of left tonsil, 191, 216 for tracheal malignancy, 186, 214 Radiesse, 311, 328 Radioactive iodine treatment, indication for, 191, 216 Radiologic evaluations, appropriate associations on, 166, 179 Radionecrosis, laryngeal site, 183, 212 Randomized controlled trial, 8, 26 Randomized trials, 14, 29 Rapamycin, 16, 29 Rapid antibody detection test (RADT), for GABHS, 80, 89 Rapid intraoperative tissue expansion, 298, 323 Rapid rewarming, 124, 139 Real-ear probe microphone measurement, 252, 279 Reconstructive and rehabilitation goals, 192, 217 Reconstructive surgery and facial plastic, 287–331 Rectus abdominis, 299, 323 Recurrent laryngeal injury from arytenoids dislocation, tool for differentiating, 134, 144 Recurrent or chronic pediatric sinusitis, management of, 163, 178 Recurrent oropharyngeal cancer, free tissue transfer after ablation for, 201, 221 Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), 154, 174 adjuvant for, 151, 173 first-line treatment for, 93, 114 juvenile-onset, 161, 177 management of, 157, 176 symptoms of, 169, 181 Reflex bradycardia, 16, 30 Reflux of gastric contents, 104, 119 Reirradiation, 199, 220 DESIGN SERVICES OF 360 Index Reliability, 87 Remifentanil, 11, 27 Residual retropalatal obstruction, 230, 234 Respiratory distress, neonate caring in, 158, 176 Responsiveness, 76, 87 Restless leg syndrome, 233 Retinal detachment, 6, 25 Retrobulbar hematoma, 197, 220 Retrognathia definition of, 291, 320 treatment of, 320 Retroorbital hematoma, treatment of, 313, 329 Retropharyngeal space infections, etiology for, 73, 85 structure of, 78, 88 Retropositioned mandible, 291, 320 Reverse T3 thyroid hormone, 18, 30 Rhabdomyosarcoma, 158, 176 Rheumatoid arthritis, of head and neck, 14, 28–29 Rhinology, 33–70 Rhinoplasty justification for declining revision, 305, 326 lateral osteotomies, 313, 329 Rhizopus, 28 Rhytidectomy, in patients with class II neck and normal chin projection, management of, 314, 330 50S ribosomal subunit, synthesis of, 9, 26 Riedel procedure, 55, 69 Rifampin, 63 Right aryepiglottic fold, neck mass in, 205, 223 Right orbital proptosis with diplopia, 184, 213 Right periorbital discomfort, 158, 176 Right peripheral vestibular hypofunction, factors affecting patients with, 239, 273 Right posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), 243, 274 Right-sided neck mass, 160, 177 Right upper eyelid, lesion of, 158, 176 Rituximab, for lymphomas, 203, 222 Robin sequence, 150, 172 diagnostic criteria, 150, 172 Robotic surgery, 9, 26 Robust taste sensation, 72, 85 Rotation flaps, 330 Rotational chair testing, 249, 278 S Saccade testing, abnormalities in, 262, 283 Saline irrigations, 33, 60 Saliva as lubricant and biofilm barrier, 76, 87 unstimulated, glands for, 76, 87 Salivary gland malignancy, 153, 160, 174, 177 Salivary gland neoplasm, 15, 29 Salivary glands inflammatory disorder of, 154, 159, 174, 176 sensitive to radiation injury, 79, 88 Salivary secretion, primary, cells responsible for, 78, 88 Salts acidic stimuli, 71, 85 Salvage therapy, after failed chemoradiation of larynx, 193, 217 Sarcoidosis, skin lesion of, 41, 63 Saucerization, of margins of mastoidectomy, 257, 281 Scala media, organ of corti in, 256, 280 Scalp, placement of tissue expander for, 288, 318 Schatzki ring See Esophageal B ring Schwannomas, Antoni A and Antoni B areas seen in, 102, 117 Scleral show and ectropion, least risk of, 131, 143 Sclerotherapy, for branchial cleft anomalies, 160, 177 Secondary muscle tension dysphonia, 94, 114 Secondhand smoke exposure, 22, 32 Segmental facial hemangiomas, and PHACES, 152, 173 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), for control of dizziness, 248, 276 Sellar-type sphenoid sinus, 49, 67 Semicircular canals, physics of, 253, 279 Senile ptosis, cause of, 315, 330 Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), 248, 277 Coxsackie virus causing, 264, 284 diabetes and, treatment option for, 252, 278 diagnosis of, 148, 172 inherited form of, 12, 27 after meningitis, 154, 174 mitochondrial inheritance susceptibility, 268, 286 sudden idiopathic SNHL, vestibular symptoms with, 259, 282 vestibular symptoms with, 259, 282 Sensory hair cells, characteristics of, 253, 279 Sensory organization test (SOT), of posturography, 250, 278 Sentinel lymph node biopsy, 203, 222, 242, 274 lymphoscintigraphy and, 242, 274 Septal fractures, 127, 140 clinical findings of, 133, 144 Septal hematoma, treatment of, 124, 139 Septal mucoperichondrium, tear in, 133, 144 Septate hyphae, grown on Sabouraud agar, 13, 28 Serial Z-plasty, 321 Serology, 113 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No 360 Serum ferritin, burning mouth syndrome, evaluation of, 76, 87 Sestamibi scanning, 20, 31 Shear failure, of resorbable screws with open reduction and internal fixation, 134, 144 Shotgun injuries, to face, 133, 143 Sialorrhea, 157, 176 Sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis, 238, 272 Sigmoid sinus thrombosis, MRI with MRV in detecting, 265, 284 Silicone elastomer (Silastic), 106, 119 Singer’s formant, 93, 114 Single-lens reflex (SLR) camera body, for standardized before and after photography, 291, 320 Single parathyroid adenoma, 185, 213 Single-sided deafness, solutions for, 256, 281 Sinonasal melanoma, 198, 220 Sinus headache, cause of, 11, 27 Sinus mucosa, removal of, 131, 143 6-n-Propyl-thiouracil (PROP), 77, 87 Sjögren syndrome, 16, 30, 186, 214 Skin biomechanical property of, 321 necrosis, 312, 329 prick test, positive cat allergen, 56, 69 stress–strain relationship for, 295, 321 testing, fillers for, 301, 324 Skull base osteomyelitis, as cause for bilateral facial paralysis, 249, 277 SLC26A4, 265, 284 Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), behavioral problems associated with, 149, 172 Sleep medicine, 226–235 Slurred speech, 15, 29 Smile pattern, among humans, 299, 323 Smoking cessation perioperative therapy for, 1, 23 prevalence of, 6, 25 regimens of, 13, 28 Snellen eye chart, 5, 25 Snoring prevalence in middle-aged men, 226, 233 portable or home sleep testing for, 232, 235 Sodium, fractional excretion of, 10, 26 Soft bands, bone-anchored hearing aid, 236, 272 Soft tissue collapse, problem of, 231, 234 deficits, of lip, 132, 143 SoundBite, 256, 281 Sour acidic stimuli, 71, 85 Specimen shrinkage, 13, 28 Speech discrimination score, 238, 273 Sphenoid pneumatization, 49, 67 Sphenoid sinus, 45, 65 anatomic relationship in, 48, 66 lateral recess of, 44 Sphenopalatine artery, 44, 65 DESIGN SERVICES OF Index 361 Spiral ganglia neurons, 240, 273 Splint therapy See Concurring occlusal appliance therapy Spontaneous downbeating nystagmus, 255, 280 Spontaneous emission, 322 Spontaneous hearing recovery after SNHL, time frame for, 250, 278 Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 84, 89 cutaneous, 188, 215 fine-needle aspiration biopsy for, 211, 225 head and neck, 203, 222 of left ear, 199, 220 of oropharynx, cohort study on, 8, 26 suspicious for, 196, 219 T3N0 SCC of mouth lateral floor, 201, 221 T3N2c SCC of larynx, 202, 221 T4aN1 SCC of larynx, 185, 213 of tongue base, 191, 216 tracheal, symptoms of, 197, 219 Standard pure-tone audiometry, for monitoring ototoxicity, 238, 273 Stapedial reflexes, with right-sided hearing loss management of, 244, 275 Staphylococcal exotoxins, 47, 66 Staphylococcus aureus, 39, 41, 47, 62, 63, 66 acute bacterial sialadenitis, 74, 86 acute parotitis, 74, 86 Stark law See Physician self-referral law Stark legislation, 335, 344 Steinhausen torsion-pendulum model, 253, 279 Stem cells, 265, 284 Stickler syndrome, 153, 173 Stimulated emission of radiation, occurrence of, 296, 322 Strabismus, 158, 176 Strawberry gingivitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 86 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 9, 26, 41, 63 Streptococcus viridans, 34, 37, 60, 61 Stress biomechanical property of, 316, 331 relaxation, definition of, 331 Stress–strain relationship, for skin, 295, 321 Stridor biphasic, 158, 176 in neonate, anatomic site of, 156, 175 in newborn, 159, 176 Stroboscopy, 95, 115 for dysphonia, 101, 117 Stroke, 249, 277 Structural cartilage grafts, need for, 289, 318–319 Sturge–Weber syndrome, 168, 180 Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 9, 26 Subcondylar fracture, 136, 145 Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), 54, 69 Subglottic stenosis, premature infant, 151, 173 Subglottic tracheal stenosis, 111, 121 Subglottis, 109, 121 convergent shape, structure of larynx contributes to, 109, 120 Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), 54, 69 Submandibular glands, unstimulated saliva, 76, 87 Submucosal laryngeal mass, diagnosis of, 110, 121 Submucosal mass adjacent, to maxillary first molar, 184, 212 Subperichondrial layer, auricular hematoma, 129, 142 Subperiosteal orbital abscess, 37, 61 Succinylcholine, 257, 281 Suction infiltration, of antimicrobial solution during implantation, 293, 320 Sudden idiopathic SNHL, vestibular symptoms with, 259, 282 Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), 239, 273 CT imaging for, 267, 285 Sulcus vocalis, 103, 118 Sumatriptan, 23 Sunderland level IV injury, spontaneous recovery of, 289, 319 Superficial hyperkeratotic lesion, on right anterior vocal cord, 189, 215 Superficial parotidectomy, 73, 85 Superficial temporal nerve, 86 Superior laryngeal nerve (SLN), 100, 117 Superior semicircular canal dehiscence, reduced SP/AP ratio in, 267, 285 Supporting cells, 240, 273 Supraglottic cancer resection, transoral laser microsurgical approach for, 187, 214 Supraglottic larynx, T3N2b carcinoma of, 12, 28 Supraglottic tumor surgery for, 186, 214 transoral laser resection of, secondary hemorrhage during, 189, 215 Supraglottis, 91, 113 Surgery atresia, 236, 272 for chronic pediatric rhinosinusitis, 147, 171 clipping hair prior to, 2, 23 instructions for preoperative fasting, 3, 24 for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, 184, 213 for obliquely oriented palate, 231, 235 patients stop taking supplements before, 5, 24 for primary hyperparathyroidism, 196, 219 for supraglottic tumors, 186, 214 for velopharyngeal insufficiency, 147, 171 Surgical airway management, rate of failed intubations, 99, 116 Surgical candidacy by CT scan, indications for, 254, 280 Surgical Care Improvement Guidelines, 4, 24 Surgical hair restoration, complications from, 313, 329 Surgical removal, for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, 93, 114 Surgicel (Ethicon), 31 Suture lateralization, 107, 120 Swallowing of food and liquid, 98, 116 phase of, 90, 113 Sweat chloride test, 57, 70 Sweat test, 49, 67 Symblepharon, 142 Sympathetic nervous system, regulation of, 294, 321 Synechia formation, 39, 62 Systemic corticosteroid therapy, 238, 272 Systemic steroids, side effect of, 105, 119 T T cells, CD markers, in, 35, 61 T2 hypointense, 52, 68 T2 N2A human papillomaviruspositive squamous cancer of left tonsil, 207, 224 T2N0 squamous cancer of lateral tongue, 183, 212 T2N0 tonsil cancer, transoral resection of, contraindications to, 195, 218 T2N1 human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancer, 191, 216 T3N0 squamous cell carcinoma of mouth lateral floor, 201, 221 T3N0 well-differentiated left lower lip cancer patients, neck dissection for, 186, 214 T3N2C hypopharyngeal cancer, 200, 221 T3N2C squamous cell carcinoma of larynx, 202, 221 T4aN1 squamous cell carcinoma of larynx, organ preservation therapy for, 185, 213 Tachyarrhythmias, agents to cause, 3, 23 Tachypnea, and upper respiratory tract infections, 148, 172 Taste buds cell types in, 77, 87 location of, 75, 86 Taste transduction, stimuli for, 71, 85 Tasters/nontasters, identification of, 77, 87 Technetium Tc 99m, 242, 274 sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography, 20, 31 Tegmen mastoideum, 241, 274 Telemedicine categories of, 334, 344 in otolaryngology, 337, 345 otology, use of, 336, 344 regard to privacy and security, 339, 346 DESIGN SERVICES OF 362 Index Telementoring, 344 Telephone-ear deformity, 292, 320 Temporal bone fracture capsule-violating, 270, 286 cerebrospinal fluid leak after, 237, 272 evaluating patient with, 244, 275 indication, 262, 283 indicative of facial nerve injury, 263, 283 Temporal bone imaging acute otitis media, 239, 273 CT imaging, 244, 275 Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) symptoms of, 77, 87 theories of, 80, 88–89 Temporomandibular joints (TMJs) concurring occlusal appliance therapy for, 78, 88 sensory innervation of, 74, 86 treatment of, 73, 86 Temporomandibular osteoarthropathy, 82, 89 Temporoparietal fascia flap, 312, 329 Tetany, 32 Th2 cells, 52, 68 Thin-cut axial CT scan, 129, 141 Third-window pathology, physical findings in patient with, 254, 280 Thoracodorsal artery scapular tip (TDAST), 313, 329 3D plan vs intensity-modulated radiation therapy, 185, 213 Thymine, 26 Thyrohyoid muscle, 92, 113 Thyrohyoid tension, 116 Thyroid cancer, genetic alteration in, 207, 224 enlargement, diagnosis of, 209, 225 myxedema coma, 8, 26 nodule, ultrasound features of, 190, 216 surgery, cause of iatrogenic bilateral vocal fold paralysis, 107, 120 Thyrotoxic storm, 21, 32 Time-weighted average TWA(s), of noise exposure for workers, 237, 272 Tinnitus definition of, 79, 88 nonpulsatile risk factors for, 267, 285 treatment for, 265, 284 Tip-support mechanism, major, 291, 320 Tissue biocompatibility, 290, 319 Tissue expansion conventional long-term, 303, 325 surface area of expander base, 310, 328 “To Err Is Human” publication, 339, 346 Tobacco smoking, prevalence of, 6, 25 Tongue fasciculation, 15, 29 reduction procedure, 229, 234 resection of base mass, 9, 26 Tonsillar hypertrophy anomalies affecting operative intervention, 149, 172 bacterial infection and, 162, 178 Tonsillectomy coblation, 2, 23 complications following, 152, 173 Topical decongestants, 43, 64 Torus, 195, 218 Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) vs enteral nutrition, 7, 25 Total pharyngeal reconstruction, type of, 309, 328 Toxic shock syndrome, 47, 66 Tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma, symptoms of, 206, 224 Tracheal cancer, 205, 223 Tracheal malignancy, radiation therapy for, 186, 214 Tracheoesophageal (TE) puncture, primary contraindications to, 207, 224 pharyngeal spasm prevention at time of, 188, 215 Tracheoesophageal voice failed, causes of, 183, 212 restoration, complications of, 197, 219 Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), 150, 172 Tracheostomy -related morbidity and mortality, 159, 176 speaking valves for, 152, 173 Tracheotomy awake, 72, 85 indication for, 164, 179 vs prolonged endotracheal intubation, 148, 171 safety procedure for, 160, 177 Tragal compression, 254, 280 A train, as intraoperative EMG pattern, for facial nerve function, 246, 276 Transcaruncular approach, 123, 138 Transconjunctival approach complication after, 130, 142 lower eyelid, 135, 144 Translabyrinthine resection of mass, 263, 283 Transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE), 107, 120 Transoral laser microsurgical (TLM) approach, for supraglottic cancer resection, 187, 214 Transoral laser resection and classic oncological surgery, oncological resection technique between, 192, 216–217 of supraglottic tumor, secondary hemorrhage during, 189, 215 Transtympanic dexamethasone, 252, 278 Transverse chin asymmetry, associated with, 290, 319 Trauma, 122–145 ABC’s of, 128, 141 care, importance of, 127, 140 # 151645 Cust: Wolters Kluwer Health Au: Johnson Pg No 362 neuroendocrine response in, 132, 143 penetrating to face, vascular evaluation for, 122, 138 Triamcinolone, 86 Tripod theory, 322 True vocal cord, mass in, 182, 212 Tuberculosis, 18, 30–31 Tuberous sclerosis, characteristics of, 301, 324 Tullio phenomenon, 254, 280 Tumors, sentinel node biopsy for, 183, 212 Turbinate hypertrophy, 57, 70 Turkey-gobbler deformity, 304, 325 Tylenol, 32 Tympanic membrane embryonic layers contributing to, 241, 274 reconstruction, for canal-wall-down scenario, 237, 272 Tympanic segment, for dehiscent facial nerve, 246, 276 Tympanoplasty, overlay repair, 266, 285 Tyndall effect, 309, 327 Type II tympanoplasty reconstruction technique, 243, 275 Type frontoethmoidal cell, 56, 70 U Ultrasonic shears, 20, 32 Uncinate process, 45, 65 attachment site for, 40, 63 Unilateral condylar fractures, repair of, 139 Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP), cause of, 91, 113 Universal precautions, 18, 30 Unstimulated saliva, glands for, 76, 87 Upper airway pressure, sensation of, 100, 117 Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) bolus through, 107, 120 hyolaryngeal elevation with traction on, 107, 120 Upper eyelid blepharoplasty lagophthalmos after, 301, 324 skin preserved after, 293, 320 Upper eyelid fat pads, 292, 320 Upper lateral cartilages (ULCs), nasal bones attachment to, 316, 331 Upper motor neurons, laryngeal control synapse, involved of, 105, 119 Upper respiratory tract infections retropharyngeal space, 73, 85 tachypnea and, 148, 172 Upper sulcus approach, 123, 138 Uracil, 26 Uremia, 10, 27 Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for obstructive sleep apnea, 231, 234 residual retropalatal obstruction, 230, 234 V Vaccines, for acute otitis media, 155, 175 Vacuolated physaliphorous cells, in nasopharyngeal biopsy, 247, 276 DESIGN SERVICES OF Index 363 Validation of outcomes instruments, 4, 24 Validity, 87 Valsalva maneuver, 254, 280 Vascular injury, 140 Vasoconstriction, by topical decongestants, mechanism of action, 43, 64 Velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), 27 anomalies affecting operative intervention, 149, 172 Velopharyngeal insufficiency palatal surgery complications, 228, 233 surgery for, 147, 171 Venous bleeding, during neck dissection, 199, 220 Venous thromboembolic prophylaxis, measures reducing incidence of, 1, 23 Verapamil, 25 Vertebrobasilar, 27 Vertical downbeating nystagmus, 253, 279 Vertigo, dizziness, laboratory studies for, 245, 275 Vestibular disorders, 259, 282 Vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing, in elderly, 251, 278 Vestibular hair cells, 255, 280 Vestibular neuroepithelium, calyx endings in, 236, 272 Vestibular rehabilitation, difficulty performing eye/head exercises in, 241, 274 Vestibular schwannomas, 261, 263, 282, 284 resections, technique for monitoring auditory system during, 245, 275 Vestibular system, anatomy of, 253, 279 Veterans Administration electronic health record (VA EHR) database, obstacle for, 340, 346 Videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) dysphagia, 112, 121 hyolaryngeal elevation, evaluation of, 112, 121 impaired laryngohyoid elevation, detection of, 96, 115 Viral infections in children and adults, 72, 85 mononucleosis, test for, 77, 87 Visual acuity, 5, 25 Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA), 164, 179 Vitamin B, burning mouth syndrome, 76, 87 Vocal cord See Vocal fold Vocal folds approximation, muscle for, 96, 115 augmentation, 98, 116 permanent materials for, 106, 119 temporary materials for, 104, 118 bowing, 99, 116 cord paralysis, left, recommendation for, 98, 116 granuloma, 109, 120 hematoma, 141 iatrogenic bilateral paralysis, 107, 120 immobility, in patient with Parkinsonism, 105, 119 injection, approaches for, 100, 117 keratosis of, 99, 116 microflap surgery of, 94, 115 mucosal defects, 118 muscles abductor of, 105, 119 nodules, 92, 114 paralysis, 90, 105, 113, 119 Vocal tremor, treatment options, 108, 120 Vocalis muscle, 101, 117 Voice production, vibratory source in, 98, 116 Voice therapy connotes success in, 95, 115 goal of, 90, 113 program, component of, 92, 113 requirement for, 99, 117 voice disorder least amenable to, 94, 114 von Recklinghausen syndrome, 297, 322 Voriconazole, 41, 63 W Waldeyer ring, lymphoma within, 200, 221 Wallenberg syndrome, 255, 263, 280, 283 Wave/modified wave scheduling technique, 334, 343 Wegener disease, predilection for, 109, 121 Wegner triad, 13, 28 Wharton duct, puncta of, 81, 89 Wheezing, 161, 177 White-eyed fracture, 144 Wire fixation, to avoid palpability or visibility, 132, 143 Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, 233 Wnt signaling, 282 Wound healing impairment of, 16, 30 phases of, 6, 25 proliferative phase of, 14, 29 rapamycin, 16, 29 Wounds, superficial, of both temple and medial canthal area, 291, 319 X X-linked inheritance, 4, 24 Xylitol, 4, 24 Y Y-linked genes, 168, 180 Z Z-plasty angle, 303, 325 Zenker diverticula, development of, 106, 120 Zygomatic arch, coronal flap approach, 122, 138 Zygomaticofrontal suture, 142 Zygomaticomaxillary (ZMC) fracture, 123, 138 accuracy of, 129, 142 complex, 123, 138 Zygomaticomaxillary suture, 142 Zygomaticosphenoid suture, 129, 142 Zygomaticotemporal suture, 142 Zygomaticus major smile, 299, 323 DESIGN SERVICES OF ... Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery? ?? Otolaryngology and the authors of Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery? ? ?Otolaryngology Review for their dedication to education and advancement of the field of otolaryngology? ? ?head. .. group of authors and editors of the Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery? ? ?Otolaryngology textbook and to the authors of the Bailey’s Head & Neck Surgery? ? ?Otolaryngology Review Your energy and zeal for excellence... Otolaryngology? ? ?Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio Head and Neck Surgery Christine G Gourin, MD, MPH, FACS Associate Professor Department of Otolaryngology? ??Head