tai lieu on thi tot nghiep

Ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT Period 1: THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN A_ Công thức: * Đối với động từ thường: _ Khẳng định: I/ You / We / They/ CN số nhiều + V (Nguyên mẫu) She/ he / it/ CN số ít + V–es/ V–s _ Phủ định: I/ You / We / They/ CN số nhiều + donotV (Nguyên mẫu) She/ he / it/ CN số ít + doesnot + V(nguyên mẫu). _ Nghi vấn: Do + I/ You / We / They/ CN số nhiều + V (Nguyên mẫu)? Does She/ he / it/ CN số ít + + V(nguyên mẫu)? Do / does + S + V(nguyên mẫu)?  Đối với động từ “to be” ở thì hiện tại đơn ta có 3 dạng Khẳng định: I + am You/ we/ they/ CN số nhiều + are She /he/ it/ CN số ít + is Phủ định: Thêm “not” sau “am / is/ are” Nghi vấn: Đặt “Am/ is/ are” ra trước chủ ngữ.  Đối với động từ “To have” thì ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít ta không thêm đuôi “_S/ _ES” mà chuyển thành “has” (She has a new house) B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Để diễn tả một thói quen hoặc một sự việc xảy ra có tính chất thường xuyên và thông lệ ở hiện tại. Trong câu thường có các trạng từ như: often ; usually; always; sometimes; seldom; on Mondays; On Sundays; everyday; every Monday; every summer . We come to school on time everyday. My mother always gets up early. Does Mr Green go to work five days a week? _ Yes, he does We do not go to school on Sundays. 2_ Để diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên, một chân lý: The earth goes round the sun. 3_ Dùng để nói về thời khóa biểu hay chương trình: The film begins at 8p.m. 4_Dùng trong mệnh đề điều kiện trong câu điều kiện loại I và trong mệnh đề điều kiện chỉ thời gian. C_ Cách thêm đuôi “_s” hay “_es” sau động từ: 1_ Thông thường chúng ta thêm đuôi _S sau động từ ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít: work _ works play _ plays change _ changes 2_ Những động từ kết thúc bằng _CH; _SH; _ SS; _X hay _O ta thêm đuôi _es watch _ watches wash _ washes finish _ finishes 3_ Những động từ kết thúc bằng “Y” mà trước nó là một phụ âm thì ta chuyển “Y” thành “I” sau đó thêm đuôi _es: carry _ carries fly _ flies D_ Cách phát âm đuôi s và es: - Những động từ tận cùng là các âm /p,k,t,f,0/ khi thêm ‘s’ thì đọc thêm âm /s/ VD: gets, works… - Những động từ tận cùng là các âm /s, z,x, tS, S, dz/ khi thêm ‘es’ thì đọc thêm âm /iz/ - Ngoài 2 trường hợp trên thì các động từ còn lại khi thêm ‘s, es” thì đọc thêm âm /z/ E_ Bài tập: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện tại đơn: 1. He (be ) a doctor. 2. She (watch) television every day. 3. We (not, go) to school on Sundays. 4. you often (get up) early? 5. My mother usually (buy) vegetables in this market. 6. My friend and I often (go) to school by bike. 7. My girlfriend (not, be) a beautiful girl. 8. The concert often (begins) at 7pm. 9. My father (have) coffee for breakfast every day. 10. The students never (work) hard. 1 Ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT Period 2: THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN A_ Công thức: _ Khẳng định: I + am We/ You/ They + are + V-ing(thêm đuôi “ing”) He/ She/It + is _ Phủ định: CN + am/ is/ are + not + V-ing _ Nghi vấn: Am/ Is/ Are + CN + V-ing ? B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả một sự việc đang xảy ra, đang diễn tiến ở hiện tại. Trong câu thường có các trạng từ như : now(bây giờ); at present; at the moment . My father is planting flowers in the garden. Look! The pupils are playing football. We are not cooking now. 2_ Diễn tả một sự sắp đặt chắc chắn ở tương lai gần: I am meeting Peter tonight. 3_ Diễn tả các sự việc hiện tượng xảy ra có tính chất tạm thời: He usually reads newspapers but today he is reading a magazine. C_ Chú ý: Một số động từ không sử dụng được ở thì tiếp diễn và chúng ta phải chuyển chúng về thì hiện tại đơn: 1_ Động từ chỉ giác quan: hear(nghe); see(nhận thấy; thấy); smell(bốc mùi); taste(có vị). 2_ Động từ chỉ tình cảm, cảm xúc: like; hate(ghét); dislike(không thích); love; need; want . 3_ Động từ chỉ hoạt động tinh thần: agree(đồng ý); believe(tin tưởng); forget(quên); know(biết); remember(nhớ); understand(hiểu) . 4_ Động từ chỉ sở hữu và một số các động từ khác: have(có); own(sở hữu); belong(thuộc về); appear(có vẻ); seem (dường như) . D_ Bài tập: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện tại đơn hay Hiện tại tiếp diễn: 1/ I (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day. 2/ My brother (work) __________ in a shoe store this summer. 3/ The student (look) ___________ up that new word now. 4/ She (go) __________ to school every day. 5/ We (do) __________ this exercise at the moment. 6/ Miss Helen (read) ___________ a newspaper now. 7/ It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now. 8/ Bad students never (work) __________ hard. 9/ He generally (sing) __________ in English, but today he (sing) __________ in Spanish. 10/ We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30. 11/ She sometimes (buy) ___________ vegetables at his market. 12/ Be quiet. The baby (sleep) ____________. 13/ We always (do) ___________ our exercises carefully. 14/ Look. A man (run) ___________ after the train. He (want) ___________ to catch it. 15/ It (be) __________ very cold now. 16/ John (travel) __________ to England tomorrow. 17/ I (need) ____________ some money for my textbooks. 18/ Tom (like) __________ to go to the museums. 19/ Mary (love) __________ ice-cream. 20/ My mother (cook) ___________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook)__________ in the mornings. 21/ I often (leave) __________ the city at weekends. 22/ The guests (watch) __________ the TV programmes now. 23/ I (see) ___________ you (wear) ___________ your best clothes. 24/ The sun (set)___________ in the west. 25/ My friend (study) __________ English for an hour every night. 2 Ơn thi tốt nghiệp THPT Period 3: THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH A_ Cơng thức: _ Khẳng định: He/ She/It/ CN số ít + has + V(past participle) I/ We/ You/ They/ CN số nhiều + have + V(past participle) _ Phủ định: S(chủ ngữ) + has/ have + not + V(past participle) _ Nghi vấn: Has/ Have + S(chủ ngữ) + V(past participle) ? Chú ý: past participle (q khứ phân từ) của động từ : _ Nếu là động từ hợp qui ta thêm đi _ED sau động từ (V- ed). _ Nếu là động từ bất qui ta lấy động từ ở cột thứ 3 trong bảng động từ bất qui B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả một sự việc ở q khứ mà thời điểm khơng xác định rõ. Thường dùng với các trạng từ sau: already(đã rồi); recently = lately(gần đây); ever(đã từng); never(chưa bao giờ) He has already done his homework. (Anh ta đã làm xong bài tập về nhà). Have you bought a new TV recently? _ Diễn tả một sự việc đã xảy ra trong q khứ nhưng kết quả vẫn còn ở hiện tại. Thường dùng với yet: Have you seen Tom yet? We have cleaned the room. Look! It is very clean. 2_ Thường dùng với “just” để chỉ một sự việc vừa mới xảy ra: My father has just gone out. 3_ Diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc bắt đầu trong q khứ mà còn tiếp tục ở hiện tại. Thường dùng với giới từ since(từ khi; kể từ) hay for(trong thời gian). We have leaned English for 4 years. My sister has been sick since yesterday. (Bây giờ vẫn còn ốm) _ Thỉnh thoảng sự việc đó dừng ngay tại thời điểm nói: Nice to meet you. I haven’t seen you for a long time. Chú ý : for + khoảng thời gian: two hours; 3days; 4months . Since+ điểm thời gian: 1990; Sunday; 2 o’clock . 4_Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần ở q khứ: I have seen this film several times. 5 - Dùng thì HTHT sau những từ ở cấp so sánh cao nhất: It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen. 6 - Dùng với This morning/ week/ month/ term…khi những khoảng thời gian này còn trong lúc nói: Eg: I’ve smoked 10 cigarettés today. / I haven’t seen Tom this morning.Have you? Ngoài ra còn có một số cụm từ chỉ thời gian như : so far = until now = up to now ,how long ? It is the first / second / third … time, twice / many / three…. times. C_Bài tập: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì HTHT: 1. I (try) to learn English for years, but I (not succeed) yet. 2. That book (lie) on the table for weeks. You (not read) it yet? 3. He (not, be) here since Christmas. 4. he (write) a novel for two years, but he (not, finish) it yet. 5. I (see) that film several times because I like it. 6. Jack (look) no trouble with my English lesson up to now. 7. We ( study) almost every lesson in this book so far. 8. How long you (learn) English? 9. Tom (never, be) in Hanoi. 10. I am sorry. I (forget) that girl’s name already. 3 ễn thi tt nghip THPT Period 4:THè QU KH N A_ Cụng thc: _ Khng nh: S (ch ng) + V- ed (ng t hp qui) + V(ct 2) (ng t bt qui) _ Ph nh: S (ch ng) + did not + V(nguyờn mu). _ Nghi vn: Did + S(ch ng) + V(nguyờn mu)? Chỳ ý: i vi ng t to be thỡ quỏ kh n ta cú 2 dng Khng nh: I / She /he/ it/ CN s ớt + was You/ we/ they/ CN s nhiu + were B_ Cỏch dựng: din t mt s vic ó xy ra mt thi im xỏc nh trong quỏ kh. Thng i vi cỏc t ch thi gian: Yesterday last night/ Sunday ago Yesterday morning/ afternoon/ evening last week/ month/ year Two days ago last summer/ winter in 1998 We watched a good film on TV last night. Hoc khi thi gian c hi n: When did you see him? C_ Cỏch thờm uụi ed vo sau ng t cú quy tc: - Thụng thng ch thờm ed vo sau cỏc ng t cú quy tc: work worked - Nu ng t cú quy tc tn cựng l e thỡ ch thờm d thụi: die died - Nu ng t cú quy tc tn cựng l y m trc nú l 1 ph õm thỡ i y thnh i ri thờm ed: study studied. - Nu ng t cú quy tc cú 1 õm tit tn cựng l 1 ph õm trc ph õm l 1 nguyờn õm thỡ gp ụi ph õm cui lờn trc khi thờm ed: stop stopped. - Nu ng t cú quy tc cú 2 õm tit tn cựng l 1 ph õm trc ph õm l 1 nguyờn õm thỡ gp ụi ph õm cui lờn trc khi thờm ed: permit permitted. - Nu ng t tn cựng l l, trc nú l 1 nguyờn õm n thỡ ta nhõn ụi l lờn ri thờm ed: travel travelled D _ Cỏch phỏt õm uụi ed: ọc là /id/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /d/ hoặc /t/. need needed decide decided want wanted start started ọc là /t/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /k/, /p/, /f/, /s/, //, /t/, //, /ks/ wash washed book booked stop stopped watch watched fax faxed ọc là /d/ sau từ tận cùng bằng các âm còn lại. play played plan planned offer offered bathe bathed call called * Các tính từ tận cùng bằng ED thì đuôi ED cũng đợc phát âm nh cách phát âm của động từ có quy tắc. Tuy nhiên, một số tính từ cổ tận cùng bằng -ed, hoặc một số trạng từ tận cùng bằng -edly, thì -ed đợc phát âm là /id/. Adjectives:/id/ naked : khỏa thân crooked : cong, oằn ragged : nhàu, cũ wretched : khốn khổ rugged : gồ ghề learned : uyên bác Adverbs: /id/ deservedly : xứng đáng supposedly: cho là markedly : một cách rõ ràng, đáng chú ý allegedly : cho rằng E Bi tp:Chia ng t trong ngoc thỡ quỏ kh n: 1. We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday. 2. My wife and I (travel) to London by air last summer. 3. I (have) a little trouble with my car last week. 4. What you (do) yesterday? 5. Our teacher (tell)us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970. 6. We (wacth) __________ a good programme on TV last night. 7. I (meet) __________ Mary last night 8. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago. 9. She (lose) __________ her handbag on the train yesterday morning. 10. They (begin) __________ to study at this school 7 years ago. 4 Ơn thi tốt nghiệp THPT Period 5: THÌ Q KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN A_ Cơng thức: _ Khẳng định: I/ He/ She/It/ CN số ít + was + V-ing We/ You/ They/ CN số nhiều + were + V-ing _ Phủ định: S(chủ ngữ) + was/ were + not + V-ing _ Nghi vấn: Was/ Were + S(chủ ngữ) + V-ing ? B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả một sự việc đang xảy ra ở thời điểm xác định trong q khứ: What were you doing at five o’clock yesterday evening? I was doing exercises between four and five o’clock last Sunday afternoon. 2_ Kết hợp với thì q khứ đơn để diễn tả một sự việc đang diễn ra ở q khứ thì một sự việc q khứ khác xảy ra: When I was watching T.V, My friend came. Thì q khứ tiếp diễn Thì q khứ đơn C – So sánh thì Q khứ đơn và Q khứ tiếp diễn: + Thì Simple Past (Quá Khứ Đơn) được dùng để chỉ một hành động ngắn (thình lình) xảy ra trong quá khứ. - I met him in the street yesterday. + Thì Past Continuous (Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn) được dùng để chỉ một hành động kéo dài trong quá khứ tương ứng với một hành động khác cũng trong quá khứ. - I met him while he was crossing the street. - She was going home when she saw an accident. + Thì Past Continuous còn diễn tả một hành động kéo dài tại điểm thời gian xác đònh ở quá khứ hoặc hai hành động liên tiếp song song với nhau. - My father was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night. - I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV. D- Bài tập:Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì q khứ đơn hay q khứ tiếp diễn: 1/ He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him. 2/ When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________. 3/ The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea. 4/ When it (rain) __________ , she(carry) __________ an umbrella. 5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain. 6/ He (teach) __________ English for 2 months when he (live) in Germany and (work) __________ as a journalist. 7/ The house (burn) __________ fast, so we (break) __________ the window to get out. 8/ He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him. 9/ The servant (drop) __________ two cups while she (wash up) __________ last night; neither of them (break) __________. 10/ While I (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) __________; as he (go) __________ to answer it, he (hear) __________ a knock on the door; the telephone (still, ring) __________ while he (walk) __________ to the door, but just as he (open) __________ it, it (stop) __________. 5 Ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT Period 6: Exercises 1) He ____ for London one year ago. A. left B. has left C. leaves D. had left 2) She ____ in Hue for twenty years. A. lives B. has lived C. lived D. will live 3) I ____ to the market with my mother yesterday. A. go B. went C. have gone D. was going 4) What ____ you ____, Nam? – I’m thinking of my mother. A. do/think B. are/ thinking C. have/thought D. were/thinking 5) How long ____ you ____ her? – For five months. A. do/know B. are/knowing C. have/ known D. had/known 6) I usually ____ to school by bus. A. went B. am going C. go D. have gone 7) Yesterday morning I ____ up at 6.30. A. got B. get C. was getting D. had got 8) Please don’t make so much noise. I ____. A. studying B. study C. am studying D. studied 9) Water ____ at 100 degrees Celsius. A. boils B. boiled C. is boiling D. will boil 10) It is raining now. It began raining two hours ago. So it ____ for two hours. A. rains B. is raining C. has rained D. rained 11) ____ you ____ out last night? A. did/ go B. Do/go C. Have/gone D. Were/going 12) This house ____ 35,000 pounds in 1980. A. cost B. costs C. had cost D. was cost 13) While Tom ____ tennis, Ann ____ a shower. A. played/took B. playing/taking C. was playing/ was taking D. was play/was take 14) She ____ until you are ready. A. didn’t come B. isn’t coming C. won’t come D. doesn’t come 15) When they ____ in the garden, the phone ____. A. worked/was ringing B. was working/ rang C. worked/rang D. work/rings 16) I ____ here until he answers me. A. stay B. will stay C. am staying D. have stayed 17) They ____ tea when the doorbell ____. A. have/is ringing B. were having/ rang C. had had/ rang D. having/ringing 18) Father ____ his pipe while mother ____ a magazine. A. smoked/read B. had smoked/ read C. was smoking/ was reading D. smoking/reading 19) When I ____ into the office, my boss ____ for me. A. came/ was waiting B. had come/waited C. was coming/waited D. came/waiting 20) When I ____ Brian, he ____ a taxi. A. see/drives B. saw/ was driving C. see/was driving D. saw/is driving 21) When he ____, we ____ dinner. A. arrived/having B. was arriving/had C. arrived/ were having D. had arrived/had 22) While they ____ chess, we ____ the shopping. A. playing/doing B. played/did B. were playing/doing D. were playing/ were doing 23) They ____ football when the lights in the stadium ____ out. A. were playing/ went B. were playing/ was going C. played/was going D. playing/went 24) While George and John ____ their room, she ____ the ironing. A. cleaning/doing B. were cleaning/doing C. were cleaning/ was doing D. cleaning/was doing 25) Today is Thursday and she ____ late twice this week. She ____ late yesterday and on Monday. A. is/was B. has been/is C. has been/ was D. has been/had been 26) He ____ in the same house since 1975. A. has lived B. is living C. lived D. had lived 27) We ____ him since he ____ married. 6 Ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT A. didn’t see/got B. don’t/get C. haven’t seen/ got D. hadn’t seen/got 28) It ____ for two hours and the ground is too wet to play tennis. A. is raining B. had rained C. has rained D. was raining 29) He ____ to HCMC last year and I ____ him since then. A. moved/didn’t see B. moved/ haven’t seen C. moves/haven’t seen D. moved/hadn’t seen 30) We ____ what to do with the money yet. A. not decide B. haven’t decided C. didn’t decide D. hadn’t decided 31) My father ____ as a teacher for thirty years. A. works B. is working C. worked D. has worked 32) He ____ to New York three times this year. A. had been B. was C. has been D. is 33) I ____ how to dance when I ____ six years old. A. don’t know / was B. didn’t know / am C. didn’t know/ was D. haven’t known/was 34) Last month my brother ____ me his photos. He ____ me his photos every year. A. sends/sent B. sent/ sends C. sent/sent D. sends/sends 35) Nam is a careful driver but yesterday he ____ carelessly. A. drove B. had driven C. drives D. was driving 36) Do you like swimming, Ba? – I ____ when I was a child but not now. A. do B. did C. have done D. had done 37) I ____ her at the school gate yesterday. A. met B. meet C. had met D. am meeting 38) She ____ English when she was six years old. A. learned B. has learned C. is learning D. had learned 39) I don’t remember where and when I ____ her. A. meet B. had met C. met D. have met 40) They ____ to know each other for more than ten years. A. get B. got C. have got D. had got 41) ____ you ____ that film yet? A. Do/see B. Have/ seen C. Did/see D. Had/seen 42) I ____ the film with my friends last week. A. watched B. watch C. have watched D. had watched 43) He ____ up at five every morning. A. is getting B. got C. gets D. was getting 44) ____ she ____ in Hue at the moment? A. Does/live B. Is/ living C. Did/live D. Was/living 45) He usually ____ her at weekend but now he ____ in bed because of his severe illness. A. visits/stays B. visits/staying C. visited/stays D. visits/ is staying 46) Don’t make noise, children! Parents ____. A. sleep B. are sleeping C. were sleeping D. slept 47) Why ____ you often ____ so much noise in the house? A. do/ make B. did/make C. are/making D. were/making 48) He ____ you when he has the necessary information. A. will tell B. told C. tells D. is telling 49) While mum was watching TV, I ____ my homework. A. am doing B. was doing C. had done D. has done 50) At this time yesterday I ____ to music. A. listened B. had listened C. was listening D. am listening 51) What ____ he ____ at 4 P.m. last Sunday? A. did/do B. was/do C. had/done D. was/ doing 52) When I ____ a little girl, I used to climb trees and go swimming in the river with my friends. A. am B. was C. have been D. had been 53) Last year he came here and ____ me to marry him but I ____ too young to get married. A. asked/ was B. asks/am C. had asked/was D. has asked/am 54) How long ____ you ____ novels? 7 Ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT A. have/write B. do/write C. have written D. are/writing 55) ____ you sometimes ____ out with friends? A. Are/going B. do/ go C. Have/gone D. Did/go 56) I ____ a lot of badminton recently. A. play B. have played C. am playing D. was playing 57) When I ____ home, everyone ____ TV. A. got/watch B. got/watching C. get/was watch D. got/ was watching 58) We ____ your mother for ages. A. don’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. hadn’t seen 59) London ____ a lot since we first ____ to live here. A. changed/came B. has changed/ came C. had changed/ came D. has changed/ come 60) How many times ____ you ____ this film? – The first time. A. have/ seen B. did/see C. do/see D. had/seen 61) Yesterday David was crossing(A) a street when(B) a truck was turning(C) a corner very fast and almost hit(D) him. 62) When Rita will get(A) her driver’s license next week(B), she will be able(C) to drive to school every day(D). 63) So far(A) she spends(B) a lot of time there(C) chatting with(D) her friends. 64) Jack is living(A) in Spain now(B). His Spanish had improved(C) greatly since he moved(D) there. 65) Last month(A) while we watched(B) an exciting game on(C) television in our living room, the electricity went out(D). 66) I’m sure(A) they have completed(B) the new(C) road by(D) June. 67) At(A) this time tomorrow(B), they will do(C) their homework with their(D) brothers. 68) We have seen(A) and tell(B) you the situation next(C) Monday. Please wait for(D) us. 69) Our(A) teacher explained(B) that lesson to(C) us tomorrow(D). 70) We will wait(A) for you when(B) you will get(C) back tomorrow(D). 71) I will practise(A) my English lesson with(B) my classmate at(C) 7pm next(D) Sunday. 72) When I see(A) Mr Pike tomorrow(B), I remind(C) him of(D) that. 73) He works(A) on the(B) report at(C) this time tomorrow(D). 74) Please(A) sit here(B) and wait until(C) the manager will return(D). 75) Our parents arrived(A) next Wednesday. I’m sure we will receive(B) a lot of(C) presents from(D) them. 76) I gave(A) him your message(B) and letter when(C) I see him(D). 77) By(A) the time you arrive(B), I finish(C) writing an(D) essay. 78) We will be going(A) home as soon(B) as we have finished(C) our work(D). 79) Mr Green has taught(A) English this school since(B) he graduates(C) from the university in(D) 1986. 80) At(A) 7 yesterday morning(B) when I arrive(C) at his house, he was still sleeping(D). Period 7: THÌ TƯƠNG LAI 8 Ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT I. Thì tương lai đơn: A_ Công thức: _ Khẳng định: I/ We + shall/ will + V(nguyên mẫu) Các chủ ngữ khác + will + V(nguyên mẫu) _ Phủ định: S(chủ ngữ) + shallnot/ willnot + V(nguyên mẫu) _ Nghi vấn: Shall/ Will + S(chủ ngữ) + V(nguyên mẫu) ? B_ Cách dùng: 1_ Diễn tả một sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai. Thường dùng với các từ chỉ thời gian sau: Tomorrow next week/ month, year, Sunday Tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening someday (1 ngày nào đó) soon (chẳng bao lâu nữa) I shall visit you tomorrow. Will you go to the circus next week? Chú ý: thì hiện tại đơn sẽ được dùng thay thế cho thì tương lai đơn trong các mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian (bắt đầu bằng “when” “before” “until” .) _ You will see him when he comes back tomorrow. (“comes” được dùng trong mệnh đề thời gian “when”) _ I will not send her your letter until you arrive London. II. Thì tương lai gần:(Tương lai chỉ ý định) A – Công thức: S + am/ is/ are + going to + V(inf.) …….(dự định sẽ) S + am/ is/ are + Ving…. (sắp sửa) B – Cách dùng: Thì này được dùng để diễn tả 1 hành động sắp xảy ra hoặc 1 dự định sắp tới (thường trong câu không có cụm từ chỉ thời gian). Eg: My father is retiring. Where are you going to spend your holidays? C – Bài tập: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì HTĐ hay thì TLĐ: 1/ We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________. 2/ I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me. 3/ Wait until I (catch) __________ you. 4/ I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten. 5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out. 6/ Miss Helen (help) ___________ you as soon as she (finish) _________ that letter. 7/ He (tell) _________ you when you (get) __________ there. 8/ She (not come) __________ until you (be) _________ ready. 9/ He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him. 10/ I (come) ________ and (see) _________ you before I (leave) ________ for England. Dïng c¸c tõ gîi ý viÕt c¸c c©u dïng be going to: 1. Kate and her friend/ visit a friend in the hospital/ this afternoon. 2. lan/ go on a holiday/ next month. 3. I/ see the doctor/ this afternoon. 4. Richard/ have lunch/ at twelve o’clock. 5. He/ see his parents/ next week. 6. They/ move to the new house/ next week. 7. How/ he/ cook dinner? 8. Where/ people/ sit/ at the party? 9. Why/ your sister/ study engineering? 10. How long/ you/ stay here? Period 8: CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG 9 Ơn thi tốt nghiệp THPT Các bước đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động như sau: Ví du: Đổi câu sau sang bị động: She cleans the house everyday. Chủ ngữ động từ (ở thì hiện tại đơn) tân ngữ trạng từ Trước khi chuyển sang câu bị động phải phân tích câu. Sơ đồ chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động: Câu chủ động: S(chủ ngữ) + V + O(tân ngữ) Câu bị động: S’ + be + pp + by O’ 1 2 3 4 Sau khi phân tích câu xong ta chuyển theo thứ tự các bước sau: 1_ Lấy tân ngữ của câu chủ động làm chủ từ câu bị động. (The house) 2_ Chia động từ “to be” phù hợp với thì của động từ trong câu chủ động và chủ từ vừa mới tìm được. (The house is) 3_ Thêm q khứ phân từ của động từ chính. (The house is cleaned) 4_ Thêm “By” và chuyển chủ ngữ của câu chủ động sang làm tân ngữ của câu bị động và thêm các thành phần khác để hồn thành câu. ( The house is cleaned by her everyday.) Nếu chủ từ của câu chủ động là các từ như: “someone”; “somebody”; “nobody”; “they”; “people” . thì trong câu bị động người ta khơng dùng từ “by” và các từ này nữa. Chú Ý: _ Nếu câu chủ động có các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn thì đặt chúng trước “By + tân ngữ bị động” Chủ động The police found him in the forest. Bị động He was found in the forest by the police. _ Nếu câu chủ động có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian thì đặt chúng sau By + tân ngữ bị động. Chủ động: Her parents will buy a new car next month. Bị động: A new car will be bought by her parents next month. *) THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG ở các thì đã học: S + be + PP + (by O): Thì To be (chia trùng với thì của động từ chủ động Quá khứ phân từ của động từ Hiện tại đơn Am / is / are + PP Hiện tại tiếp diễn Am/ is/ are being PP Hiện tại hoàn thành Have/ has been PP Quá khứ đơn Were/ was PP Quá khứ tiếp diễn Were/ was being PP Tương lai đơn Will be PP Tương lai gần Am/ is/ are going to be PP Động từ khiếm khuyết Can; could; must… Can/ could/ must be PP MỘT SỐ DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT _ CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ: “SAY”;”THINK”; “BELIEVE”; “REPORT” . Chủ động: S + say + (that) + S 2 + V 2 + O 2 Bị động:Cách 1: It + be(thì) said + (that) + S 2 + V 2 + O 2 Cách 2: S 2 + be(thì) said to INF (của V 2 ) + O 2 Ví dụ: 1. People said that he wrote this book. Bị động: Cách 1: It was said that he wrote this book. Cách 2: He was said to write this book. Period 9: Exercises : CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG Choose the best answer to complete each sentence: 10 [...]... report is finished in time 28 We made certain mistakes A Certain mistakes were made C Certain mistakes made B Certain mistakes made us D Certain mistakes was made 29 They considered his speech one of the best A His speech was considered one of the best C His speech one of the best was considered B His speech was one of the best D His speech considered them one of the best 30 They thought that the man... 25) Someone was cleaning the room when I arrived A The room cleaned when I arrived C The room was being cleaned when I arrived 11 Ơn thi tốt nghiệp THPT B The room was cleaned when I arrived D The room was cleaning when I arrived 26 You should give us this information A We should give you this information C We should be give this information B We should be given this information D This information should... believed that she won the competition A She was believed to win the competition C It was believed her to win the competition B It was believed to win the competition D She believed them to win the competition 34) Do they teach English here? A Is English taught here? C Is English teach here? B English is teach here? D English taught here? 35) They may use this room for the classroom A This room may use... A is being repaired B was repaired C is repaired D has been repaired 10) This is a very popular TV programme It _ by millions of people every week A watches B is watching C watched D is watched 11) Last night someone broken into our house Oh, dear, _? A has anything taken B is anything taken C was anything taken D were anything taken 12) Police are looking for the missing boy He _ any where...Ơn thi tốt nghiệp THPT 1) Asian people eat rice Rice in many parts of Asia A is grown B are grown C has grown D have grown 2) Nowadays a lot of dangerous work _ by robots A has been done B will be done C is done D was done 3) Who wrote the story "Romeo and Juliet"? _ It _ by Shakespeare, an English writer A is written B was written C has been written D wrote 4) The package containing... “s” hay khơng The police are looking for the robbers 14 Ơn thi tốt nghiệp THPT • • • • • • • • • • • • I like these pants / jeans / shorts Use either scissors or nail clippers Binoculars are stronger than any glasses Một số danh từ khác, kết thúc bằng “s” lại mang một nghĩa khác Other nouns ending with s only have a plural form only with certain meanings customs (hải quan) guts (sự can đảm) quarters... leave(B) your hat here(C) this morning(D) 58) He’s(A) tired He stopped(B) to work(C) for a while(D) 60) Please(A) remember write(B) to me(C) as soon(D) as possible 61) She(A) began play(B) the guitar when(C) she was six(D) 62) I’d(A) like telling(B) you something(C) about myself(D) 63) You have an(A) interview with (B)Mr Lee tomorrow Don’t(C) forget meeting(D) him 64) I don’t regret to tell(A) her... brother practises speaking English every day 3/ Dùng làm túc từ cho giới từ : (object of a preposition) - He is fond of swimming - She is interested in learning English 4/ Dùng làm bổ ngữ cho chủ từ : (subject complement) - My hobby is swimming - Seeing is believing 5/ Dùng trong câu ngăn cấm ngắn (short prohibition) hoặc để thành lập danh từ kép (compound noun) - No smoking - No talking, please - a swimming... gerund : mang ý nghóa - Failure in the exam means having to learn one more year Mean + to infinitive : dự đònh làm việc gì - He means to take the coming exam 13 Ơn thi tốt nghiệp THPT (*) Forget + gerund : quên điều gì đã xảy ra - I forgot telling her this story Forget + to infinitive : quên làm điều gì - I forgot to tell her about this (*) Regret + gerund : hối tiếc việc đã xảy ra - She regrets going... being built B A new highway around the city is built D A new highway around the city is being built 21) People doesn't use this road very often A This road is used not very often C This road very often is not used B Not very often this road is not used D This road is not used very often 22) How do people learn language? A How are languages learned by people? C How languages learned? B How are languages . give us this information. A. We should give you this information. B. We should be given this information. C. We should be give this information. D. This information. visit a friend in the hospital/ this afternoon. 2. lan/ go on a holiday/ next month. 3. I/ see the doctor/ this afternoon. 4. Richard/ have lunch/ at twelve