en.1993.1.1.2005

Th eEu r o p e a nUn i o n ≠ EDI CTOFGOVERNMENT± I no r d e rt op r o mo t ep u b l i ce d u c a t i o na n dp u b l i cs a f e t y ,e q u a lj u s t i c ef o l l , ab e t t e ri n f o r me dc i t i z e n r y ,t h er u l eo fl a w,wo r l dt r a d ea n dwo r l dp e a c e , t h i sl e g a ld o c u me n ti sh e r e b yma d ea v a i l a b l eo nan o n c o mme r c i a lb a s i s ,a si t i st h er i g h to fa l lh u ma n st ok n o wa n ds p e a kt h el a wst h a tg o v e r nt h e m EN 1993-1-1 (2005) (English): Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings [Authority: The European Union Per Regulation 305/2011, Directive 98/34/EC, Directive 2004/18/EC] EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1993-1-1 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROpAISCHE NORM May 2005 ICS 91.010.30; 91.080.10 Supersedes ENV 1993-1-1: 1992 Incorporating Corrigenda February 2006 and March 2009 English version Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings Eurocode 3: Calcul des structures en aeier - Partie 1-1: Regles gE'merales et regles pour les batiments Eurocode 3: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - TeiI1-1: Allgemeine Bemessungsregeln und Regeln fOr den Hochbau This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 2004 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom ECROPEA)'! COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COM CROPEEN D NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMIT E FeR '-.'ORMUNCi Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members B-1050 Brussels Ref No EN 1993-1-1 :2005: E BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 EN 1993-1-1:2005 (E) Contents Page Ceneral 1.1 Scope 1.2 10 1.3 ASSlll1'1IJlions 11 1.4 Distinction bet}veen principles and application rules 11 1.5 Terl1'7S and de./iniliol1s 11 1.6 ~vlnbols 1.7 Conventions/or member axes 20 12 Basis of design 22 2.1 Requirelnents 2.] Basic requirenlents 2.1.2 Reliability management 2.1.3 Design working life, durability and robustness 2.2 Principles qf'limit state 22 22 22 22 23 2.3 Basic variables 23 2.3.1 Actions and environmental influences 23 2.3.2 Material and product prope11ies 23 2.4 Verification b.y the partialfactor lnethod 2.4.1 Design values ofmaterial properties 2.4.2 Design values of geometrical data 2.4.3 Design resistances 2.4.4 Verification of static equilibrium (EQU) 2.5 Design a.,'sisled 23 23 23 24 24 testing 24 Materials 25 3.1 General 25 3.2 Structur(}! sleel 3.2.1 Material properties 3.2.2 Ductility requirelnents 3.2.3 Fracture 3.2.4 Through-thickness properties 3.2.5 Tolerances 3.2.6 Design values of material coefficients 25 25 25 25 27 28 28 3.3 Connecting clevices 28 3.3.1 Fasteners 28 Welding cOl1sun1ablcs 28 3.3.2 3.4 Other prefabricated products in buildings 28 Durability 28 Structural analysis 29 5.1 Structural modellingfor analysis 29 5.1.1 Structural modelling and basic assumptiol1s 29 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 EN 1993-1-1:2005 (E) 5.1.2 5.1.3 Joint 1110delling 29 Ground-structure interaction 29 5.2 Global anal.vsis 30 5.2.1 Effects of deformed geometry of tbe structure 30 5.2.2 Structural stability of frames 31 5.3 Inlper(ection,I,' 32 5.3.1 Basis 32 5.3.2 Imperfections for global analysis of frames 33 5.3.3 Imperfection for analysis of bracing systems 36 5.3.4 Mel11ber inlperfections 5.4 l'vfelhods of ana(vsis considering material non-/inearities 5.4.1 General 5.4.2 Elastic global analysis 5.4.3 Plastic global analysis 38 38 39 39 5.5 Classffication of cross sections 40 5.5.1 Basis 40 5.5.2 Classification 40 5.6 IJltilnate linlit states 45 6.1 Cros.",'-,)'ection requirements for plastic global analysis 41 General 45 6.2 Re.)'istance o.f·cross-sections 6.2.1 General 6.2.2 Sectioll properties 6.2.3 Tension 6.2.4 CO.nlpression 6.2.5 Bending nlonlent 6.2.6 Shear 6.2 Torsion 6.2.8 Bending and shear 6.2.9 Bending and axial force 6.2.10 Bending, shear and axial force 45 45 46 49 49 50 50 52 53 54 56 6.3 Buckling resistance o./,l71el71bers 6.3.1 Uniform members in compression 6.3.2 Uniform members in bending 6.3.3 Uniform members in bending and axial compression 6.3.4 General method for lateral and lateral torsional buckling of structural components 6.3.5 Lateral torsional buckling of membcrs with plastic hinges 56 56 60 64 65 67 6.4 Untform built-lip compression members 6.4.1 General 6.4.2 Laced compression members 6.4.3 Battened compression members 6.4.4 Closely spaced built-up members 69 69 71 72 74 Serviceability limit states 75 7.1 General 7.2 Serviceabili(v limit statesfoJ' buildings 7.2.1 Vert.ical deflections 7.2.2 Horizontal deflections 7.2.3 Dynanlic effects 75 75 75 75 75 Annex A [informative] -l\lethod 1: Interaction factors k ij for interaction formula in 6.3.3(4) 76 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 EN 1993-1-1:2005 (E) Annex B [informative] - Method 2: Interaction factors kiJ for interaction formula in 6.3.3(4) 79 Annex AB [informative] - Additional design provisions 81 Annex BB [informative] - Buckling of components of building structures 82 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 EN 1993-1-1:2005 (E) Foreword This European Standard EN 1993, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures, has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC250 « Structural Eurocodes », the Secretariat of which is held by BSI CEN/TC250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes This European Standard shall be given the status of a National Standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2005, and conflicting National Standards shall be withdrawn at latest by March 2010 This Eurocode supersedes ENV 1993-1-1 According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the National Standard Organizations of the following countries are bound to implement these European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ircland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swedcn, Switzerland and United Kingdom Background of the Eurocode programme In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme 111 the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonization of technical speci1~cations Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonized technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternativc to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Stcering Committee with Representatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement I between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to the CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN) This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Council's Directives and/or Commission's Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g the Council Directive 89/1 06/EEC on construction products ~ CPD ~ and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market) The Stluctural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts: EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of structural design EN 1991 Actions on structures Eurocode 1: EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN 1993 Design of steel stluctures Eurocode 3: EN 1994 Eurocode 4: EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of composite steel and concrete structures Design of timber stluctures EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures EN ]997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance I Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (Bc/CEN/03/89) BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 EN 1993-1-1:2005 (E) EN ] 999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Eurocode standards recognize the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State Status and field of application of Eurocodes The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognize that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the fonowing purposes: as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/1 06/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N° - Mechanical resistance and stability - and Essential Requirement N°2 Safety in case of fire; as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services; as a framework for drawing up harmonized technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs) The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationship with the Interpretative Documents referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a different nature from harmonized product standard Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately considered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups working on product standards with a view to achieving a full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole structures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covercd and additional expert consideration will be required by the designer in such cases National Standards implementing Eurocodes The National Standards implementing Eurocodes will comprise the full text of the Eurocode (including any annexes), as published by which may be preceded by a National title page and National foreword, and may be followed by a National annex (informative) The National Annex (informative) may only contain information on those parameters which are left open in the Eurocode for national choice, known as Nationally Determined Parameters, to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in the country concerned, i.e : values for partial factors and/or classes whcre alternatives are given in the Eurocode, values to be used where a symbol only is given in the Eurocode~ geographical and climatic data specific to the Member State, e.g snow map, the procedure to be used where alternative procedures are given in the Eurocode, references to non-contradictory complementary information to assist the user to apply the Eurocode Links between Eurocodes and product harmonized technical specifications (ENs ('"".-rill-'" to Art _3 of the CPD, the essential requirements (ERs) shall be concrete form in interpretative documents for the creation of tile necessary Jinks betwcen the essential requirements and the mandates tor hENs and ETAGsiETAs According to Art 12 of the CPD the interpretative documents shall : a) concrete form to the essential harmonizing the t"'·",,,,,,,I,,,n( and the technical bases and indicating classes where necessary; b) these classes or levels of requirement with the technical e.g methods of calculation and technical rules for design etc ; c) serve as a reference for the establishment standards and guidelines for European technical approvals playa similar role in the field of the ER and a part ofER The Eurocodes, de BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 EN 1993-1-1:2005 (E) and ETAs) There is a need for consistency between the harmonized technical specifications for construction products and the technical rulcs for works Furthermore, all the information accompanying thc CE Marking of the constIuction products which rcfcr to Eurocodes should clearly mention which Nationally Determined ParaIneters have been taken into account Additional information specific to EN 1993-1 EN 1993 is intended to be used with Eurocodes EN 1990 - Basis of Structural Design, EN 1991 - Actions on structures and EN 1992 to EN 1999, when steel stluctures or steel components are rcferred to EN 1993-1 is the first of six parts of EN 1993 Design of Steel Structures It gives generic design rules intended to be used with the other parts EN 1993-2 to EN 1993-6 It also gives supplementary rules applicable only to buildings EN 1993-1 comprises twelve subparts EN 1993-1-1 to EN 1993-1-12 each addressing specific stcel components, lilnit states or materials It may also be used for design cases not covered by the Eurocodes (other structures, other actions, othcr materials) serving as a reference document for other CEN TC's concenling structural matters EN 1993-1 is intended for use by committees drafting design related product, tcsting and execution standards, clients (e.g for the formulation of their specific requirements) designers and constructors relevant authorities Numerical values for patiial factors and other reliability parameters are recommended as basic values that provide an acceptable level of reliability They have been selected assuming that an appropriate level of worlananship and quality management applies See Art.3.3 and Art.l2 of the CPD, as well as clauses 4.1 4.3 L 4.3.2 and 5.2 ofID I BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 EN 1993-1-1:2005 (E) National annex for EN 1993-1-1 This standard gives values with notes indicating where national choices may have to be made Therefore the National Standard implementing EN 1993-1 should have a National Annex containing all Nationally Determined Parameters to be used for the design ~ of steel structures and civil engineering works to be constructed @2] in the relevant country National choice is allowed in EN 1993-1-1 through the following clauses: 2.3.1(1) 3.1(2) 3.2.1 (I) 3.2.2( I) 3.2.3(1) 3.2.3(3)8 3.2.4(1 )8 5.2.1(3) 5.2.2(8) 5.3.2(3) 5.3.2(11 ) 5.3.4(3) 6.1(1) 6.1(1)B 6.3.2.2(2) 6.3.2.3(1) 6.3.2.3(2) 6.3.2.4(1)8 6.3.2.4(2)8 6.3.3(5) 6.3.4(1) 7.2.1(1)B 7.2.2(1)B 7.2.3(1 )8 BB.1.3(3)B