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Collins easy learning Japanese phrasebook for languages 11 Collins « 9em easy learning Japanese phrase book Consultant Miyoko Yam ashita First published 2007 This edition published 2010 Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers Reprint Typeset by Davidson Pre-Press, Glasgow Printed in Malaysia for Imago www.collinslanguage.com ISBN 978-0-00-735850-2 Using your phrasebook Your Collins Gem Phrasebook is designed to help you locate the exact phrase you need, when you need it, whether on holiday or for business If you want to adapt the phrases, you can easily see where to substitute your own words using the dictionary section, and the clear, full-colour layout gives you direct access to the different topics The Gem Phrasebook includes: • Over 70 topics arranged thematically Each phrase is accom panied by a sim ple pronunciation guide which elim inates any problem s pronouncing foreign words • A top ten tips section to safeguard against any cultural faux pas, giving essential dos and don’ts for situations involving local custom s or etiquette • Practical hints to make your stay trouble free, show ing you where to go and what to when dealing with everyday matters such as travel or hotels and offering valuable tourist information o Face to face sections so that you understand what is being said to you These exam ple m ini dialogues give you a good idea of w hat to expect from a real conversation ©Common announcem ents and m essages you may hear, ensuring that you never m iss the important information you need to know when out and about • A clearly laid-out dictionary m eans you will never be stuck for words • A basic gram m ar section which will enable you to build on your phrases • A list of public holidays to avoid being caught out by unexpected opening and closing hours, and to make sure you don’t m iss the celebrations! It’s worth spending tim e before you em bark on your travels ju st looking through the topics to see what is covered and becom ing fam iliar with what m ight be said to you W hatever the situation, your Gem Phrasebook is sure to help! Contents Using your phrasebook Pronouncing Japanese Top ten tips Staying somewhere Hotel (booking) Hotel desk Cam ping 11 Self-catering Talking to people 13 Shopping Hello/goodbye, yes/noi3 Shopping phrases Key phrases 15 Shops Work 19 Food (general) Weather 20 Food (fruit and veg) 22 Clothes Getting around 22 Clothes (articles) Asking the way 25 Maps and guides Bus and coach 28 Post office Metro 30 Photos Train Taxi Boat and ferry Air travel Custom s control Driving Car hire Driving Petrol Breakdown Car parts Road signs 34 Leisure Sightseeing and 38 tourist office 40 Entertainm ent Leisure/interests 42 ^ Music 42 Cinem a 44 45 Theatre/opera Television 46 51 51 54 55 57 58 58 60 61 62 64 66 67 68 69 70 36 47 S P0 r t 49 Skiing 70 71 72 72 73 74 76 77 79 W alking 81 Communications 82 Telephone and mobile Text m essaging E-m ail Internet Fax 82 86 86 Reference 88 94 M easurements and quantities Num bers Days and m onths Tim e Tim e phrases 120 122 95 Eating out 123 96 Food in Japan Reading the menu Vegetarian Wines and spirits 89 90 Money Paying Luggage Repairs Laundry Com plaints Problems Em ergencies 90 100 Health 103 109 Disabled travellers With kids Practicalities Pharm acy Body Doctor Dentist Different types of travellers 92 97 98 105 Grammar Public holidays Signs and notices Dictionary 107 English - Japanese 103 104 109 110 112 112 115 117 123 130 146 150 151 160 162 172 Although the Japanese writing system is rather complicated, pronouncingjapanese is easy once you know the few basic rules This book has been designed so that as you read the pronunciation of the phrases, you can follow the Japanese This will help you to recognize the different sounds and give you a feeling for the rhythm of the language A few rules for you to note are below In Japanese the basic unit of speech is the syllable, not the letter Each syllable is pronounced approximately the same length and rather flatly Japanese has a pitched accent (high and low) but tone doesn’t change the meaning, as it does in Chinese It is more important not to stress any one part of a word For example, in English the word Paris Is pronounced paris and In French paree Japanese gives equal strength to both syllables: pari Japanese has relatively few sounds Each vowel has only one sound Pronouncing Japanese Pronouncingjapanese Japanese vowels Pronouncing Japanese sounds like a u e o a’ i’ u’ e’ o’ as in as in as in as in as in bath police put let got Longvowel sounds a a, ii, uu, ee, oo approximately double the length of other syllables 15 Basic consonants k, s, t, n, h, m , y, r, w , g, z, d, b, p, n /m Except n /m , and sh i, c h i and tsu , a consonant takes one vowel to create a syllable as in K i-m o -n o traditional Japanese costume T a -n a -k a Japanese surname These consonants are close to their English equivalents but note the following: g is pronounced as in golf, not as in Germany y is pronounced as in young, not as in cry to listen to .o kikimasu litre U "J KJU a little '> U to live (in a place) rittoru (die kiku*) sukoshi sumimasu (die sumu*) 1live in London □ VKV IC fi Rondon ni sunde imasu to be alive ikite imasu he is alive kare wa ikite imasu liver living room lobster local lock (on door, box) 216|217 UA- rebaa ima a y y -p - robusutaa iftTE n ; □v o jimoto kagi ; rokku English - Japanese leader (of group) 'J — leaflet leak(n) (of gas, a n liquid) to learn leather to leave (leave behind) left £ on/to the left £(c riidaa chirashi more manabimasu (die manabu*) kawa ; shuppatsu shimasu (die shuppatsu sum) sarimasu (die saru*) oite ikimasu (die oite iku*) hidari hidari ni lead er - lock left luggage (office) leg lens letter (mail) letterbox lettuce library licence to lie down life belt lifeboat lifeguard B f f l tenimotsu ichiji azukari-sho ashi renzu tegami yuubin-uke M I S It retasu toshokan M il menkyoshoo M m yoko ni narimasu (die yoko ni naru*) kyuumei-beruto lioriTtt'— h kyuumei-booto raifugaado; kyuujo-in K ; A 'D p/ t £ kind (n) «1 shurui (adj) mw № ) shinsetsu (na) kitchen knickers knife sm daidokoro K y"J pantsu naifu knot TTT ST ieo'g to know (facts) ia o s T Oapanese) hoochoo ; z.is m usubi-m e; kobu shirimasii (die shiru*) don’t know Tokyo watashi wa D StA , Tookyoo o shirimasen Korea U S Kankoku English - Japanese ■ ■ label lace shoe lace ladies (toilet) lake land (n) language large late the train ¡slate raberu reesu kutsu-himo mm ^ A f f l h - r U fujin-yootoire mizuumi toehi ±m ■□="=E gengo; kotoba QO >• t=J ookii osoi denshaga okurete imasu launderette K koin randorii u laundry service kuriiningu lavatory senmenjo ¿m m bengoshi lawyer - j'O i #a± English - Japanese J ja ck e t - law yer ju ic e (fruit) ja c k e t V v 'r v ja m (food) i' V A h jakketto (of som ething) jam u Ju ly koo tsu u ju u tai ju n c tio n (roads) ichi-gatsu Ju n e Japan -M BA N ih o n ; Nippon just Ja p a n e se B $ lĐ Nihon-go BAâ BAA $ /£ N ih o n -n o hooseki-ten hooseki K i±m shigoto k e y (for lock) tra ffic ja m Ja n u a ry (person) je w e lle r ’s je w e lle ry jo b to jo g jo u rn e y mn shichi-gatsu k oosaten AM te ll; —-Dtctt I ’veju st arrived rok u -g atsu d a k e ; bakari fu ta tsu dake tsu ita bakari desu Nihon-jin jogingu o sh im a su ; k id n e y s (food) o s a s h ir u ; eki li* '0 ju s t two (language) (adj) ju u su m ■ bM >+; (dic.joginguo kilo suru*) k ilo m e tre ryokoo s kagi -f y ' f y s i ingen m a m e =£□ kiro kiro m eetaa in stru c tio n s toriatsukai (for use) setsum ei sh o ' in su lin in su n c e in su n c e inshurin im im m hoken hokenshoo c e rtifica te in te rn a tio n a l D M In te rn e t (& ) kokusaiteki (na) intaan etto h In te rn e t ca fe in ta a n e tto kafe in te rp re te r S sR interval (theatre) im to in tro d u ce tsuuyaku kyuukei shookai shim asu (a person) (die shookai suru*) in vitatio n ism shootai English - Japanese to in v ite Ỵ a f ê ^ IT sh o o ta i shim asu (die shootai suru*) in v o ice 1ft ¿ R S seikyuu-sho Irelan d " f J I/7 V K A irurando Irish (adj) ~ A irurando-no F ^ © (person) JI/T V K Airurando-jin A iron (for clothes) T7 □ V (m e ta l) airon tetsu iro n m o n g e r’s iỵz ^ Ü i k a n a m o n o -y a island ü shim a ite m ize d bill seikyuu m eisaisho English - Japanese h u sb an d (own) ± A shujin go-shujin (som ebody else’s) i w atashi (informal) w atakushi (polite) fc> tc < ice 7K ; - f A koo ri ; aisu ice cre a m 't 'A 'J aisu kuriimu - A id e n tity card m ibun sh oom ei- ill byooki sho .¡sill t e j K M T r 's r wabyooki desu ille g al ihoo im m e d ia te ly f im p o rtan t AW im p o rts $ iA