Soctoral systems of inovation and production in developing countriers

Sectoral Systems of Innovation and Production in Developing Countries Actors, Structure and Evolution Edited by Franco Malerba Professor of Industrial Economics, KITeS-CESPRI, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy Sunil Mani Professor, Planning Commission Chair, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum, Kerala, India Edward Elgar Cheltenham, UK Northampton, MA, USA â Franco Malerba and Sunil Mani 2009 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher Published by Edward Elgar Publishing Limited The Lypiatts 15 Lansdown Road Cheltenham Glos GL50 2JA UK Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc William Pratt House Dewey Court Northampton Massachusetts 01060 USA A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2009930889 ISBN 978 84844 656 Printed and bound by MPG Books Group, UK Contents Contributors I II vii INTRODUCTION Sectoral systems of innovation and production in developing countries: an introduction Franco Malerba and Sunil Mani ACTORS AND STRUCTURE OF SECTORAL SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Why is the Indian pharmaceutical industry more innovative than its telecommunications equipment industry? Contrasts between the sectoral systems of innovation of the Indian pharmaceutical and telecommunications industries Sunil Mani From innovation projects to knowledge networks: knowledge as contingency in the sectoral organization of innovation Fernando Perini Learning, innovation and public policy: the emergence of the Brazilian pulp and paper industry Hannes Toivanen and Maria Barbosa Lima-Toivanen The software sector in Uruguay: a sectoral systems of innovation perspective Marjolein Caniëls, Effie Kesidou and Henny Romijn Sectoral system of innovation in Brazil: reflections about the accumulation of technological capabilities in the aeronautic sector (1990–2002) Rosane Argou Marques and L Guilherme de Oliveira v 27 57 99 131 156 vi Sectoral systems of innovation and production III DYNAMICS AND EVOLUTION OF SECTORAL SYSTEMS 10 11 China’s threat and opportunity for the Thai and Vietnamese motorcycle industries: a sectoral innovation system analysis Patarapong Intarakumnerd and Mai Fujita ‘Low-tech’ industry: a new path for development? The case of the salmon farming industry in Chile Michiko Iizuka Making a technological catch-up in the capital goods industry: barriers and opportunities in the Korean case Yoon-Zi Kim and Keun Lee From ‘nuts and bolts’ to ‘bits and bytes’: the evolution of Taiwan ICT in a global knowledge-based economy Ting-Lin Lee Prospects for Jatropha biofuels in Tanzania: an analysis with strategic niche management Janske van Eijck and Henny Romijn Index 207 232 259 287 335 367 Contributors Dr Franco Malerba, Professor of Industrial Economics, Director of KITeS, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy Dr Sunil Mani, Planning Commission Chair, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum, Kerala, India Dr Patarapong Intarakumnerd, College of Innovation, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand Mai Fujita, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization, Chiba, Japan Dr Marjolein Caniëls, Faculty of Management Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, The Netherlands Dr Effie Kesidou, Nottingham University Business School, University of Nottingham, UK Dr Henny Romijn, Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands Dr Ting-Lin Lee, Department of Asia Pacific Industrial and Business Management, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Dr Michiko Iizuka, Researcher, United Nations University-MERIT, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Visiting Fellow, SPRU – Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Sussex, UK Dr Keun Lee, Professor, Economics Department, Seoul National University, Director of Center for Economic Catch-up, Seoul, Korea Dr Yoon-Zi Kim, Senior Researcher, Overseas Economic Research Institute, The Export-Import Bank of Korea, Seoul Dr Fernando Perini, Program Officer, IPRU – International Development Research Centre and Visiting Fellow, SPRU – Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Sussex, UK vii viii Sectoral systems of innovation and production Mr Janske van Eijck, MSc, General Manager, Diligent, Tanzania Dr Hannes Toivanen, VTT – Technical Research Center of Finland Dr Maria Barbosa Lima-Toivanen, Helsinki School of Economics, Finland Dr Rosane Argou Marques, Senior Advisor, Brazilian Agency for Industrial Development, Brasília, Brazil Luiz Guilherme de Oliveira, University of Brasília, Brazil PART I Introduction Sectoral systems of innovation and production in developing countries: an introduction Franco Malerba and Sunil Mani THE REASON FOR THIS BOOK Sectoral systems of innovation and production have been a growing new area of research in industrial economics and the economics of innovation This growth is due to two basic reasons First, a sectoral system approach considers a wide range of factors that affect innovation and production in a sector It places firms and the related capabilities and learning processes as the major drivers of innovation and production At the same time it pays central attention to other relevant factors that affect innovation and production in a sector: the variety of actors, networks, demand and institutions In particular, a sectoral system approach examines innovation as the result of both firms’ specific variables (such as firms’ learning and capabilities, R&D and production investments, strategies and organizational structure) and the type of knowledge and technologies that characterize a sector, the links and interdependencies with other related sectors, the role of actors (such as competitors, suppliers, users, universities, financial organizations, public agencies and the government), the characteristics of demand and the type of institutions (such as standards, regulations and norms) A second reason is that a sectoral system approach has a dynamic perspective and takes a process view Thus it pays a lot of attention to exchange, competition, and cooperation in a coevolutionary setting A major conclusion of the sectoral system approach is that all these factors and processes often differ from sector to sector and consequently have to be understood in their effects on innovation, diffusion and production It must be noted that the dimensions of sectoral systems are not necessarily national: they may be also local or global Therefore the approach calls for a deep understanding of the interplay between national systems and sectoral systems A sectoral system approach for the study of innovation and production ... understanding of the interplay between national systems and sectoral systems A sectoral system approach for the study of innovation and production Sectoral systems of innovation and production in. .. Introduction Sectoral systems of innovation and production in developing countries: an introduction Franco Malerba and Sunil Mani THE REASON FOR THIS BOOK Sectoral systems of innovation and production. .. evolution of the sectoral system of innovation of the motorcycle Introduction ● 17 industry in both Thailand and Vietnam The findings illustrate that different sectoral systems of innovation and production