Chapter 3 - Software: Tools for productivity & creativity. The main contents of the dissertation consist: The operating system: what it does; other system software: device drivers & utility programs; common features of the user interface; common operating systems; application software: where to get it, how to use it; data files & program files; word processing software; spreadsheet programs; database software; office suites & integrated packages; specialty application software.
Software: Tools for Using Information Technology, 11e Productivity & Creativity Chapter 3 © © 2015 2015 by by McGraw-Hill McGraw-Hill Education Education This This proprietary proprietary material material solely solely for for authorized authorized instructor instructor use use Not Not authorized authorized for for sale sale or or distribution distribution in in any any manner manner This This document document may may not not be be copied, copied, scanned, scanned, duplicated, duplicated, forwarded, forwarded, distributed, distributed, or or posted posted on on a a website, website, in in whole whole or or part part Chapter Topics Using Information Technology, 11e UNIT 3A: System Software: The Power behind the Power 3.1 The Operating System: What It Does 3.2 Other System Software: Device Drivers & Utility Programs 3.3 Common Features of the User Interface 3.4 Common Operating Systems UNIT 3B: Application Software: Getting Started 3.5 Application Software: Where to Get It, How to Use It 3.6 Data Files & Program Files © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e UNIT 3A: System Software: The Power behind the Power • Application software is software that has been developed to solve a particular problem for users—to perform useful work on specific tasks or to provide entertainment • System software runs at the most basic level of your computer and enables the application software to interact with the computer and helps the computer to manage its internal and external resources, as well as manage the hardware © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Operating systems: An operating system is the principal component of system software in any computing system Device drivers: Device drivers help the computer control peripheral devices Utility programs: Utility programs are generally used to support, enhance, or expand existing programs in a computer system © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e 3.1 The Operating System • What It Does © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e The operating system manages the entire computer system • The operating system (OS) consists of the low-level, master system of programs that manage the basic operations of the computer • Every general-purpose computer must have OS to run other programs • OS allows users to concentrate on applications rather than on complexities of the computer • Each application program is written to run on top of a particular OS • The OS manages: © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Booting • The process of loading an OS into the computer’s main memory • Booting involves four steps: Turn the computer on Diagnostic routines test main memory, CPU, and other hardware Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) programs are copied to main memory • BIOS contains instructions for operating the hardware • The computer needs those instructions to operate the hardware and find a copy of the OS Boot program obtains the OS and loads it into computer’s main memory © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Panel 3.2 Page 117 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part • Cold boot—turn on computer’s “on” system Using Information Technology, 11e • Warm boot—restart a computer that is already on • Boot disk—use a CD or flash drive containing all files to launch OS • Boot from the cloud © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part CPU Management Using Information Technology, 11e • CPU is the central processing unit • Supervisor (kernel) is the software that manages CPU • Remains in memory while the computer runs • Directs other programs not in memory to perform tasks that support application programs • Memory Management • OS keeps track of memory locations to prevent programs and data from overlapping each other • Swaps portions of programs and data into the same memory but at different times • Keeps track of virtual memory 10 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e 3.11 Specialty Application Software 72 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Some special applications: Using Information Technology, 11e • Presentation graphics • Financial • Desktop publishing • Drawing & painting • Video/audio editing • Animation • Multimedia authoring • Web page design/authoring 73 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Presentation Graphics Software Using Information Technology, 11e • Uses graphics, animation, sound, data, and information to make visual presentations • Some packages: Microsoft PowerPoint, Corel Presentations, Harvard Graphics • Includes design and content templates • Allows presentation to be dressed up with clip art, sound clips, special visual effects, animation, and video clips 74 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Financial Software Using Information Technology, 11e • Ranges from personal-finance managers to entry-level accounting programs to business financial-management packages • Personal-finance programs include Quicken, Moneydance, YNAB • Common features of financial software • Track income & expenses • Allow checkbook management • Do financial reporting • Offer tax categories to assist with tax recordkeeping • May offer financial planning & portfolio management 75 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Desktop Publishing Using Information Technology, 11e • Involves mixing text & graphics to produce high-quality output for commercial printing • Uses a mouse, scanner, printer, and DTP software • Professional DTP programs: QuarkXPress, Adobe InDesign • Has the following features • Mix of text with graphics • Offers varied type & layout styles • Allows import of files from other programs • Becoming a DTP professional requires training 76 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Desktop publishing overview 77 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Drawing Programs Using Information Technology, 11e • Graphics software used to design & illustrate objects & products • Create vector images—created from geometrical formulas • Examples: CorelDRAW, Adobe Illustrator Painting Programs • Graphics programs that allow users to simulate painting on-screen • Produce bit-mapped or raster images (tiny dots) 78 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Common Graphics File Formats Using Information Technology, 11e • bmp (BitMaP) – used on PCs (Native to MS Windows) • gif (Graphic Interchange Format) – format used in web pages • jpeg (Joint Photographic Experts Group) – used in high-resolution images, especially photos • tiff (Tagged Image File Formats) – used on PCs & Macs for highresolution images to print • png (Portable Network Graphics) – used as alternative to gif 79 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Video-Editing Software Using Information Technology, 11e • Allows import to and editing of video footage on computer • Some video editing packages: Adobe Premiere Elements, Corel Video Studio, Sony Pictures Digital Vegas, Apple Final Cut Express, Pinnacle Studio DV, & Ulead VideoStudio Audio-Editing Software • Allows import to and editing of sound files on computer • Sound editing packages: Windows Sound Recorder, Sony Pictures Sound Forge, Audacity (freeware), Felt Tip Software’s Sound Studio (shareware), GoldWave, & WavePad 80 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Animation Software • Simulates movement by rapidly displaying a series of still pictures, or frames • Computer animation: Creation of moving images by means of computer • GIF animation: First format to be widely used for web pages • Packages: GIF Construction Professional, 3D GIF Designer, Easy GIF Animator 81 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Multimedia Authoring Software Using Information Technology, 11e • Combines text, graphics, video, animation, and sound in an integrated way to create standalone multimedia applications • Content can be put on CDs/DVDs or delivered via the web • Two examples: Adobe Director & Macromedia Authorware Adobe Director 82 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Web Page Design/Authoring Software Using Information Technology, 11e • Used to create web pages with sophisticated multimedia features • Packages: Adobe Dreamweaver, Seamonkey, Coffee Cup, RealMac Rapid Weaver, etc • Packages also provided by internet access providers; free & easy to use 83 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Project Management Software Using Information Technology, 11e • A program used to plan and schedule the people, costs, and resources required to complete a project on time • Packages: Mindjet MindManager, MatchWare MindView, Microsoft Project, etc 84 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Portable Document Format (PDF) • Multiplatform file format developed by Adobe Systems that allows documents to be used with any operating system • Captures text, graphic, and formatting information from a variety of applications on different platforms, making it possible to send documents and have them appear on the recipient’s monitor as they were intended to be viewed • Today, used for virtually any data that needs to be exchanged among applications and users 85 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Using Information Technology, 11e • Programs intended for 2D and 3D design of products, structures, civil engineering drawings, and maps • Examples include Autodesk, AutoCAD, TurboCAD, Alibre Design, and PowerCADD • CAD programs help design buildings, cars, planes, electronic devices, roadways, bridges, subdivisions • CAD/CAM programs: allow CAD programs to be input into computer-aided manufacturing systems that make products 86 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part .. .Chapter Topics Using Information Technology, 11e UNIT 3A: System Software: The Power behind the Power 3. 1 The Operating System: What It Does 3. 2 Other System Software:... Programs 3. 3 Common Features of the User Interface 3. 4 Common Operating Systems UNIT 3B: Application Software: Getting Started 3. 5 Application Software: Where to Get It, How to Use It 3. 6 Data... distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e 3. 3 Common Features of the User Interface 17 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely