Pediatric Cardiology and Pulmonology 2

(BQ) Part 2 book Pediatric cardiology and pulmonology presents the following contents: General pulmonary question and answer items, selected cardiopulmonary topics.

Chapter General Pulmonary Question and Answer Items What is the most common chronic pediatric disorder? Asthma Is the incidence & prevalence of asthma been increasing or decreasing? Both increasing Is the morbidity & mortality from asthma increasing or decreasing? Both increasing (some studies show that M&M is leveling out, but for the boards use increasing) Which children are most likely to experience serious morbidity & mortality from asthma? (demographic factors) • Poor children What type of asthma puts children at highest risk of death from an acute asthma episode? Mild asthma What proportion of children who have asthma should be on chronic medication for the disorder? ¾ What is the relationship between household pets and asthma? More pets = less asthma risk • Inner-city children • African-American (>80 % of deaths were in children with mild asthma histories) (it’s best to have at least two – it has to with a bacterial endotoxin on dogs & cats) C.M Houser, Pediatric Cardiology and Pulmonology: A Practically Painless Review, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9481-2_3, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 27 28 What is the “hygiene hypothesis” for the etiology of asthma? General Pulmonary Question and Answer Items Lack of microbial exposure in developed countries prevents a normal shift from fetal Type Helper T-Cell dominance to Type Helper T-Cell dominance Type Helper T’s promote allergy What is the prevalence of asthma in developing countries?