Lecture Managerial finance - Chapter 30: Financial management in not-for-profit businesses

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Lecture Managerial finance - Chapter 30: Financial management in not-for-profit businesses

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Chapter 30 provides knowledge of financial management in not-for-profit businesses. This chapter presents the following content: For-profit (investor-owned) vs. not-for-profit businesses, goals of the firm.

Chapter 30 Financial Management in Not­for­Profit Businesses     Topics in Chapter     For­profit (investor­owned) vs. not­for­ profit businesses Goals of the firm   What are the key features of investor­owned firms?      Owners (shareholders) are well defined,  and they exercise control by voting for  the firm’s board of directors Firm’s residual earnings belong to the  owners, so management is responsible  to the owners for the firm’s profitability Firm is subject to taxation at the federal,  state, and local levels   What is a not­for­profit  corporation?     One that is organized and operated  solely for religious, charitable, scientific,  public safety, literary, or educational  purposes Generally, qualify for tax­exempt status   Investor­Owned vs. Not­for­ Profit Businesses     Not­for­profit corporations have no  shareholders, so all residual earnings  are retained within the firm Control of not­for­profit firms rests with a  board of trustees composed mainly of  community leaders who have no  economic interests in the firm   Goals for Investor­Owned and  Not­for­Profit Businesses     Because not­for­profit firms have no  shareholders, they are not concerned with the  goal of maximizing shareholder wealth Goals of not­for­profit firms are outlined in the  firm’s mission statement.  They generally  relate to providing some socially valuable  service in a financially sound manner   Is the WACC relevant to not­ for­profit businesses?    Yes.  The WACC estimation for not­for­ profit firms parallels that for investor­ owned firms   WACC for Investor­Owned  and Not­for­Profit Businesses     Because not­for­profit firms pay no  taxes, there are no tax effects  associated with debt financing A not­for­profit firm’s cost of equity, or  cost of fund capital, is much more  controversial than for an investor­owned  firm   What is fund capital?    Not­for­profit firms raise the equivalent  of equity capital, called fund capital, by  retaining profits, receiving government  grants, and receiving private  contributions      The firm’s opportunity cost of fund  capital should rise as more and more  debt is used, and the firm should be  subject to the same financial distress  and agency costs from using debt as  encountered by investor­owned firms   Implementation Problems with  the Trade­off Theory      The major problem is their lack of flexibility in  raising equity capital Not­for­profit firms do not have access to the  typical equity markets.  It’s harder for them to  raise fund capital It is often necessary for not­for­profit firms to  delay worthy projects because of insufficient  funding, or to use more than the theoretically  optimal amount of debt   Capital Budgeting for Not­for­ Profits     The financial impact of each capital  investment should be fully understood in  order to ensure the firm’s long­term financial  health Substantial investment in unprofitable  projects could lead to bankruptcy and  closure, which obviously would eliminate the  social value provided by the firm to the  community   What is social value?    Social value are those benefits realized  from capital investment in addition to  cash flow returns, such as charity care  and other community services   What are municipal bonds?      Bonds issued by state and local  governments Municipal bonds are exempt from  federal income taxes and state income  taxes in the state of issue “Roll overs”   Not­for­Profit Health Care and  Municipal Bonds     Not­for­profit firms cannot issue  municipal bonds directly to investors.   The bonds are issued through some  municipal health facilities authority The authority acts only as a conduit for  the issuing corporation   Sources of Fund Capital      Excess of revenues over expenses Charitable contributions Government grants   Impact of Non­access to  Equity Markets     The lack of access to equity capital  effectively imposes capital rationing, so  the firm may not be able to under­take  all projects deemed worthwhile In order to invest in projects con­sidered  necessary, the firm may have to take on  more than the optimal amount of debt  capital   ...Topics in Chapter     For­profit (investor­owned) vs. not­for­ profit businesses Goals of the firm   What are the key features of investor­owned firms?      Owners (shareholders) are well defined, ... goal of maximizing shareholder wealth Goals of not­for­profit firms are outlined in the  firm’s mission statement.  They generally  relate to providing some socially valuable  service in a financially sound manner... Control of not­for­profit firms rests with a  board of trustees composed mainly of  community leaders who have no  economic interests in the firm   Goals for Investor­Owned and  Not­for­Profit Businesses     Because not­for­profit firms have no 

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Mục lục

  • Chapter 30

  • Topics in Chapter

  • What are the key features of investor-owned firms?

  • What is a not-for-profit corporation?

  • Investor-Owned vs. Not-for-Profit Businesses

  • Goals for Investor-Owned and Not-for-Profit Businesses

  • Is the WACC relevant to not-for-profit businesses?

  • WACC for Investor-Owned and Not-for-Profit Businesses

  • What is fund capital?

  • Slide 10

  • Implementation Problems with the Trade-off Theory

  • Capital Budgeting for Not-for-Profits

  • What is social value?

  • What are municipal bonds?

  • Not-for-Profit Health Care and Municipal Bonds

  • Sources of Fund Capital

  • Impact of Non-access to Equity Markets

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