Research objcetive: Clarify the theorical basis of improving teaching techniques for the military college lecturers. Survey, assess the situation of the teaching techniques of the lecturers in the military colleges and the organization of improving the teaching techniques for the lecturers in the military colleges during this time.
1 INTRODUCTION 1. General overview of the thesis Deriving from the teaching practical experience of myself, from the real situation of teaching in the military college last time, from the discussion of the authors in the world and Vietnam on teaching techniques, the postgraduate selected the issue "Improving teaching techniques for the military college lecturers" as research subject. The structure of the thesis includes introduction, overview of research issues, four chapters (9 periods), conclusions, petitions, list of references and appendices. The thesis has clarified the theory of the improving teaching techniques for the military colleges lecturers nowsaday, has built the concepts of the improving teaching techniques for leaturer, has determined the basic factors that affecting the process of the improving teaching techniques for the military colleges lecturers, as well as building contents and technical the methods for evaluating the qualification of using teaching techniques of the military colleges lecturers On the theoretical basis and the survey of the reality of teaching techniques of military colleges lecturers, the author proposes five measures to improve teaching techniques for military college lecturers. The measures are a unified whole and aims at improve teaching techniques for lectures which contributes to improving the quality of education training in the military school in general, in the military college in particular 2. Reasons for choosing thesis topic Facing the request and the task of building and defending the country in the new situation, the need of improving the political, worldview, scientific methodology, practical operational capacity for learners, the improve the quality of teaching in the military college to become an urgent requirement. More than ever, the lectures must constantly selfimprove, train their virtuous character and pedagogical competence, including teaching techniques. Therefore, the strengthening and developing the teaching staff ensures the quantity and structure, in which focuses "heightening the level of education, competence and pedagogical skills" is one of the major tasks of the military colleges in the spirit of the Resolution on education training in the new situation of the Central Military Party Committee and Resolutions of the 11 th Party national Congress "Building up the teacher force in sufficient quantity to meet quality requirements." Lectures are the main force of the colleges and are the decisive factor the quality of education training. Therefore, building up the lecturer staff who have good qualifications and capability to meet the requirements of education training in the new situation is a fundamental, frequent task and is a central political task of the military colleges nowadays The lecturers in the military colleges must do many responsipilities and tasks in the process of implementing their functions to perform: teaching, educating learners, scientific research and implement other tasks in accordance with the rules of the Ministry of Defense. In which, teaching is considered central political task of the lecturers in the military colleges. With the leading role in organizing and controling the teaching process, the lectures plays a decisive role to the quality of teaching in the military colleges. Teaching is a regular activity of teachers in general, of the lectures in the military colleges in particular. The results of teaching activities is one of the criteria for evaluating the trainingeducation quality of the colleges, qualifications and capability assessment of lecturers Like any human activities, if the teaching activities is effective, the lecturers must have teaching techniques. Teaching techniques reflect expertise of pedagogical techniques of lecturers. The more perfect teaching techniques are, the higher quality of the teaching process is In recent years, the military schools, especially the military colleges has actively innovated, improved programs, contents, teaching methods to meet the educational training task in the new situation. These results have been confirmed by the training products of the military schools: "Students graduated from the militaries schools have relatively comprehensive quality both on the political qualification and revolutionary moral, the knowledge and skills that meet the tasks under the initial positions and has the ability to develop." The results that have contributed enormous role of the teaching staff and has proven qualities, qualifications and pedagogical competence of lecturers in military schools However, in the process of teaching, some lecturers have not created excitement for learners. The lectures are too much abstract theories and one way teaching of knowledge that lead to the low teaching quality. The phenomena are still taking place such as some lecturers has not mastered the teaching activities and has been confused by pedagogical situations, has not been skillful when conducting teaching activities. One of the reasons is the lecturers are lack of the teaching techniques, or they have not mastered Understanding the role of teaching techniques to improve quality of teaching process in particular, the quality of education training in general, many authors in the world and in Vietnam have done many researches on teaching techniques with the different approaches. However, these works mainly refers to the technique of teaching in general, no work researches deeply on the basical teaching technic and points out the specific teaching techniques implementation procedures. In particular, the improvement of teaching techniques of lecturers in general, of the lecturers in the military colleges in particular has not been studied systematically and specifically as an independent research Deriving from these objective and urgent requirements above, we choose issues "Improving teaching techniques for the military college lecturers" as research subject, to contribute to improving teaching quality, the quality of education - training in military colleges 3. Research purpose and tasks * Research purpose: improving quality and efficiency of On the basis of studies of the theory and reality of the teaching techniques the author proposes perfect solutions of the teaching techniques for the lecturers in the military colleges today to enhance teaching effectiveness, thus contributing to implement the officer training objective in the military colleges * The tasks of the thesis: Clarify the theorical basis of improving teaching techniques for the military college lecturers Survey, assess the situation of the teaching techniques of the lecturers in the military colleges and the organization of improving the teaching techniques for the lecturers in the military colleges during this time Propose basic solutions and the teaching techniques implementation procedures for the lecturers in the military colleges today Conducting pedagogical experiments for some measures to prove their viability in practice teaching in the military colleges Objects, subjects, scope of research and sciencetific hyppothesis * Objects of research: The activities of the lecturers of military social sciences and humanities in the military colleges * Subjects of research: Improvement of the teaching techniques for the lecturers in the military colleges * Scope of research: The thesis focuses on researching the teaching techniques in the teaching activities (mainly the lectures of teachers) and proposes the solutions to improving the teaching techniques for the lecturers in the military colleges The thesis only focuses on researching the teaching techniques of the leacturers of military social sciences and humanities in the military colleges The survey data and statistics, is the author used in the thesis limit of 5 years, since 2010 to 2014 * Sciencetific hyppothesis of reasearch Teaching techniques of the military colleges lecturers are formed during the training procedure at the colleges and are developed and perfected in their professional activities. If the military colleges focus on improving the knowledge of teaching techniques for lecturers and organize effectively the training and selftraining activities of lecturers, the teaching techniques will be perfect and be developed to meet requirements of teaching activities 5. Theoretical basis and research methods: * Theoretical basis of the thesis: is a viewpoint system of Marxism Leninism and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology; guidelines and policies of the Party, State on education. Based on the principles of the methodology of education and military education, as well as on the practical viewpoint and perspective systems structure viewpoint in researching the educational science * Research Methodology: The thesis has used a combination of theoretical research methods and practical research methods to analyze and exploit the materials in scope of research as following: Observing the activities of lecturers, the pedagogical training activities for the lecturers in the military colleges Holding seminars, discussions on the teaching techniques of the lecturers nowadays with education managers, lecturers and learners in the military colleges Making survey, polled by anket votes on lecturers and learners in the military colleges Researching, collecting, analyzing the documents related to education training, retraining and professional knowledge and specialist skills for lecturers; the task of building up and development staff of the military lecturers to clarify the theoretical and practical issues related to the improvement of teaching techniques, pedagogical competence of lecturers Researching educational products, such as the final report of the faculty, the colleges about the quality of teaching, quality of educational managers and lecturers; products and activities of the lecturers in all the forms of teaching; focused on the teaching preparation, practice, ended class sessions Consulting pedagogy specialists, pedagogical scientists, education managers on issues related to the research mission of the thesis Experimenting some the proposed measures, in order to verify their feasibility. Experiments were conducted at 3 colleges: Academy of Politics, the Army officer College No 1, College of Politics The thesis uses mathematical statistical methods to process and analyze the data through which to draw conclusions in terms of qualitative and quantitative indicators of the research results 6. New contributions of the thesis Develop basic concepts and point out the main factors that affecting to the procedure of improving teaching techniques for the military college lecturers; initially setting up the the system and criteria for evaluating qualifications of the teaching techniques of the military college lecturers, as a basis for assessing pedagogical competence of lecturers Making survey, analyzing and evaluating the teaching techniques condition and perfecting teaching techniques for military college lecturers recently From the results of situation survey, evaluating strengths, weaknesses and pointing out the causes of the improvement of teaching techniques for the military college lecturers. The thesis not only have provided factual materials for educational managers, researchers but also is the reference for teaching, researching and management of pedagogy Based on the study of theory, practice, the author propose measures for improvement of teaching techniques for military college lecturers 7. Theoretical, practical significances of the thesis The thesis generalizes some basic theoretical issues on teaching techniques, clarifies the practical basis of improvement of teaching techniques for military college lecturers The thesis proposes the solutions and the procedure of improving teaching techniques for the military college lecturers today as the basis for applying in teaching, improving pedagogical skills for lecturers in the military colleges, especially for lecturers with less seniority Thesis contributes, developes and concretizes educational theory in solving a specific problem in the teaching practices of the military college lecturers. The results of the thesis can be used as reference and teaching materials in colleges or in military colleges. In particular, the thesis is a theoretical basis help military college lecturers perfect the teaching techniques in particular, develop pedagogical qualification in general that contributes to improving the education training quality in military colleges in the innovationofcomprehensivebasiceducationưtrainingtoday 8.Ktcucalunỏn Luận án đợc kết cấu gồm: phần mở đầu, phntngquan, chơng, kết luận, kiến nghị, danh mục tài liệu tham khảo phô lôc 8. Structure of the thesis Include introduction, overview of research issues, four chapters, conclusions, petitions, list of references and appendices OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES 1.The overseas typical scientific works researching related the topic Along with the history of pedagogy development, teaching techniques have been studied, generalized and applied in the teaching process early in order to improve the education – training quality 1.1. The thought and researches on teaching techniques From ancient times, the educators as Socrates (469390 BC), Confucius (551479 BC), was interested in researching, generalizing and applying the teaching techniques in the teaching process Until now, the teaching techniques issues have been researched by many scientists in the world studying under different angles, such as: Celestin Freinet, Patrice Pelpel, Luong Vi Hung Khang Hoa, Bobbi Deporter Mike Hernacki Viewpoint of the modern teaching appreciates very the learner, but does not lower the role of teachers, more and more demanding creativity, talent of the teachers How the teacher can arouse all the potential of learners and help learners selflearning, selfstudy for a lifetime? The series of books innovation of teaching methods of the authors: Robert J.Marzano, James H. Stronge, Giselle O. Martin Kniep, Jana S. Marzano & Debra J. Pickering, Thomas Armstrong; Debra J. Pickering have pointed out the specific teaching techniques to help teachers conducting the teaching activites effectively 1.2. The research on training and retraining of teachers Deriving from the demands of reality, many scientists in the world focused on researching the training and retraining of teachers according to modern teaching trends Typically with the author: Michel Develay, James H.Stronge, Robert J.Marzano 2.The typical scientific works in Vietnam researching related the topic 2.1. The research on the teaching techniques Với mục đích nâng cao chất lượng q trình dạy học, nhiều nhà khoa học ở Việt Nam cũng đã nghiên cứu kỹ thuật dạy học dưới các góc độ khác nhau. Tiêu biểu như: Đặng Thành Hưng, Phan Trọng Ngọ, Nguyễn Hữu Châu, Trần Bá Hoành, Đặng Văn Đức và Nguyễn Thị Thu Hằng With the aim of improving the quality of the teaching process, many scientists in Vietnam have also studied teaching techniques with different angles. Such as: Dang Thanh Hung, Phan Trong Ngo, Nguyen Huu Chau, Tran Ba Heng, Dang Van Duc and Nguyen Thi Thu Hang 2.2 The research on the training and retraining of teachers Training and retraining of teachers is of great importance in ensuring and improving the education training quality, so there are many works of scientists and scientists in the army are related to this problem. Typical: Nguyen Van Le, Vu Xuan Hung, The Hung Kieu Dang Duc Thang and Mai Van Hoa, 3. General evaluation of the result of published scientific works and the research issues of the thesis 3.1. General evaluation of the result of published scientific works First, the researches have different concept of teaching techniques but they clarify the teaching techniques of the lecturers Second, the researches of history have been initially built a system of basic teaching techniques of lecturers, although it has not been systematic, but this is an important basis for improving the teaching techniques of lecturers and help lecturers refer to improve their teaching techniques Third, the author initially gives the methods and measures for training and retraining of teachers and help lecturers apply the teaching techniques 3.2. The problems the thesis continues solving Firstly, building concept of teaching techniques and improving teaching techniques Second, setting up a system of teaching techniques for lecturer Third, pointing out the affecting factors to the teaching techniques and improving teaching techniques for military lecturers Fourth, building content and process of improving the teaching techniques for military lecturers Fifth, making the survey, assessing the reality of the teaching techniques of military college lecturer Sixth, proposing the solutions to develop and improve effectively teaching techniques for lecturers Chapter 1 THE THEORY OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE TEACHING TECHNIQUES FOR THE MILITARY COLLEGE LECTURERS 1.1. The basic concept 1.1.1. The concept of the teaching techniques Teaching technique is a combination of specific system pedagogical actions, all of which teachers use in a certain, closel process to organize and control learning activities effectively of learners in the teaching process There are differences between teaching techniques with teaching methods and teaching skills (Table 1.1) Table 1.1. The differences between teaching techniques with teaching methods and teaching skills Contents Teaching Teaching Teaching techniques methods skills Aim to implement the teaching activities Target effectively Similarities Lecturers Subject Object Learners and teaching contents Form Actions of Methods The methods lecturers and apply the conduct a measures knowledge specific to carry out and teaching teaching experience of activities activities of lecturers in the conducting lecturers teaching activities Quality process flexibility, process, but closely, creativity still depends basically, by depends on on the specified qualified creation of Differences teaching teachers teaching activities and situations teaching situations Tools, tips Orientation System of Scope expressed Conducting methods and the teaching and tips form methods training teaching teaching methods. techniques and teaching skills Teaching techniques which exist objectively and are defined by teaching activities, like or not teaching techniques still exists, it just becomes teaching techniques of lecturers when lecturers perceive and manipulate regularly in the teaching process. Thus, the 10 teaching techniques of lecturers are a system of specific activities which in processes to implement teaching activities on the basis of knowledge and pedagogical experience of lecturers 1.1.2. The concept of improving teaching techniques Improving teaching techniques are processes of complementing and developing specific actions and operations to carry out teaching activities of the lecturers on the basis of promoting the rational elements, while eliminating the elements inconsistent with the requirements, the content of teaching that making pedagogical activity of lecturers more effectively 1.2 The main factors affect the improvement of teaching techniques for the military colleges lecturers 1.2.1 Training objectives of the military colleges 1.2.2 The quality and capabilities of the military colleges lecturers 1.2.3 The characteristics of teaching activities in military colleges 1.2.4 Characteristics of teaching the military social sciences and humanities 1.3 Systems of the teaching techniques evaluation standards of the teaching techniques of the military colleges lecturers 1.3.1 Systems of the teaching techniques of the military colleges lecturers 1.3.1.1 Establishments of identifying and classifying the systems of the teaching techniques of the lecturers - Based on the technical forms of lecturers in the teaching process - Based on the teaching activities of the lecturers - Based on the logic of teaching process 1.3.1.2 The basic system of the teaching techniques of lecturers In the scope of thesis, the authors identify to build the basic system of the teaching techniques of lecturers that using in the form of lectures since this is the basic and main form of teaching in the military colleges today Based on the teaching 15 Third, material facilities and equipments of colleges are modernization Fourth, the most of leaners in the military colleges are devoted to their military careers, always conscious of one's self improving * The cause of the limitations First, the dark side effects of the market economy Second, the recruitment of lecturers in the military colleges is not really good Third, the military colleges last time not focused on fostering and development of the lecturer staff Fourth, the remuneration policies and remiges is inadequate Conclusion of Chapter 2 In recent years, in the context of accelerated industrialization and modernization of the country and international integration, the education training in the Army has made progress in all areas to meet the requirements, the task of Military construction, national defense. To achieve that, the work of building the lecturer staff of the colleges has always been special attention, the quality of the military college lecturers is constantly increasing in both quantity and quality. Most teachers tend to active pedagogy, welltrain pedagogical skills, the epitome of style and behavior to meet education training requirements in the new situation However, besides the achievements quality of colleges lecturers military still have certain limitations, especially pedagogical skill of some lecturers Survey results on 5 groups of basical teaching techniques of lecturers: the group of lectures preparing techniques ; the group of language using techniques; the group of facilities using techniques; the group of teaching methods using techniques; the group of techniques of testing and evaluating the teaching results show that the practical situation of the teaching technques of the military collecges lecturers are lack and weak comparing with the requirements leading the quality of teaching is low. The organization of fostering pedagogical skills for lecturers, including the improvement of teaching techniques initially is interested in, but it is not often and effective. Therefore, the study to find the methods, measures to improve the teaching techniques for 16 military college lecturers is now an urgent problem With the attention of the Central Military Commission and the Ministry of Defence, together with the efforts of the military colleges, the building, enhancing the quality of teaching staff including the teaching techniques improvement for military colleges better 17 Chapter REQUIREMENTS, BASIC SOLUTIONS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT THE TEACHING TECHNIQUES FOR THE MILITARY COLLEGE LECTURERS NOWADAYS 3.1 Requestments of improvement the teaching techniques for the military college lecturers 3.1.1 Improving the teaching techniques must combinate with the practical situations of the teaching activities in the military college 3.1.2 There unified mechanism and tight coordination between organizations and forces in improving the teaching techniques for lecturers 3.1.3 Promoting the positiveness of teachers in developing comprehensive qualities and the military pedagogical competence 3.1.4 Diversification the ways and the measures to improve teaching techniques for lecturers 3.2. The measures of improving the teaching techniques for the military colleges lecturers 3.2.1. Heightening the awareness and responsibility for the pedagogical force to improve the teaching techniques for the military colleges lecturers In the military colleges, fostering awareness of the teaching techniques for lecturers must be conducted with multiple methods, different measures In the faculties, especially in subjects, the fostering awareness of the teaching techniques for lecturers will be more effective if we are encouraged by the the teaching techniques research activities of military colleges lecturers 3.2.2. Identification and building the content and process of improving the teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers Teaching techniques of military colleges lecturers may be formed and developed and perfected by many different methods, but the most important way is to be practiced in a scientific process, in 18 compliance with logical steps to raise awareness to the organization of training and examination and assessing the results of practice Step 1: Understanding the systems of the specific teaching techniques Step 2: Observing the samples of the teaching techniques be used in teaching activities Step 3: Building the training plan form Step 4: Doing the exercises as planned Step 5: Selfexamination, evaluation and adjustment 3.2.3 Promoting the activeness, proactiveness, creativity of the lecturers in the process of improving the teaching techniques Stimulating the activeness, proactiveness, creativity of the lecturers during the practice of teaching techniques firstly is roles and responsibilities of each lecturer, but is indispensable role of the organizations in the colleges. Depending on the functions, duties and powers, each organization or individual in the colleges have a different impact to stimulate activeness, proactiveness and creativity of the lecturers in the process of improving the teaching techniques 3.2.4 Diversification the ways and the measures to improve teaching techniques for lecturers Retraining of the teaching techniques for the lecturers are conducted regularly, diverse methods and measures, in many ways: through annually training, scientific conferences, scientific activities in the faculty, department and passing the lecture, The beginning of the school year, we should build the teaching techniques training plan for lecturers to avoid overlapping. During training organizations should regularly inspect, assess, draw experience of the teaching techniques that the lecturers achieve 3.2.5 Improvement of the teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers through favorable teaching environment Constructing the pedagogical environment and the favorable material facilities for lecturers in the process of improving the the teaching techniques is the responsibility of all organizations and individuals in the colleges. So we need to promote the role of individual and units in the colleges and to build environmental landscape 19 In summary, although five measures have different roles and the positions but all have focused on the improvement of teaching techniques for military college lecturers. Each measure has defferent requests, contents and different methods, but there is relationship interactions. Implementing the measures well, would have the effect of promoting better implementation of the other measures. So the process of improvement of teaching techniques for military college lecturers should implement measures synchronizely not despise, snobbery, or absolute any measures Conclusion of chapter 3 Responding the strategy duty of building the army in the new situation, demanding the high requirements of education training, requiring the military colleges must constantly improve teaching techniques for lecturers Perfecting teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers is the development process to improve the former teaching techniques, to add new teaching techniques to improve the quality of teaching in the military colleges. Therefore, the process of improvement of teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers should always keep abreast of teaching practices; between institutions and forces in the colleges should have coordinated, synergistic closely in the process of improving the teaching techniques for lecturers The process of completing the teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers should be implemented in a flexible way, in many ways, different methods, but the most important need to promote the positive attributes of the lecturers in the process of improving the techniques of teaching Recently, the work of building the lecturers in the military colleges is always concerned so the professional quality of lecturers has been raised up However, to meet the requirements of education training in the new situation, the military school in general and the military colleges in particular must complete the teaching techniques for the lecturers Based on theoretical and practical research issues were presented in Chapter 1 and Chapter 2, we have proposed measures to improve the teaching techniques for lecturers in the military colleges The improvement of teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers only 20 to be effective when we perform synchronous measures: raising awareness education, a sense of responsibility for the improvement of teaching techniques for the pedagogical force; identifying and building the content, the process of the improving teaching techniques for lecturers; promoting positiveness, proactiveness, creativity of lecturers in the process of improvement of teaching techniques; diversifying methods of teaching techniques training for lecturers; building a favorable pedagogical environment for lecturers in the process of improvement of the teaching techniques 21 Chapter 4 PEDAGOGIC EXPERIMENT 4.1. The general issues of experiment 4.1.1. The experimental purposes To test the feasibility of measures to improve teaching techniques of lecturers in teaching practice in the military colleges 4.1.2. Experimental tasks Verifying the feasibility of measures to improve teaching techniques of lecturers through building a content and the process of improvement the teaching techniques of lecturers in the classroom. On basing of implementing the pedagogical impacts to draw conclusions in using of measures to improve teaching techniques for military college lecturers 4.1.3. Experimental hypothesis In the process of improvement the teaching techniques of the military college lecturers, if the lecturers take the initiative and actively practice the teaching techniques based on the contents and specific processes, the teaching techniques of the lecturers can be developed and improved 4.1.4. Locations and experimental objects * Experimental locations Pedagogic experiments was conducted in two army units: Base 1: The Army officer College No 1 Base 2: The Colleges of Politics These are two great colleges of the Ministry of Defense, The Army officer College No 1 trains military officers, the Colleges of Politics trains political officers for the army * Objects experiment Lecturers of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities at the two basis: Base 1: The Army officer College No 1 includes the number of experiment is 45 people; the number of control experiment is 45 people Base 2: The Colleges of Politics includes the number of experiment is 42 people; the number of control experiment is 42 people 4.1.5. Forces and experimental time * Experimental Force 22 Experimental force includes the author and the collaborators (The lecturers of the faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities; leaders and commanders of the faculties and departments) * Time of experience Time of experience is from the 26th February 2013 to the 30th, June 2013, and is divided into 2 phases: Phase 1: Conducting the experiment in Base 1 is from the 26th February, 2013 to the 28th April, 2013 Phase 2: Conducting the experiment in Base 2 is from the 03rd April, 2013 to the 30th June, 2013 4.1.6.The experimental contents and methods 4.1.6.1. Experimental content Based on the system of the basic teaching techniques of the lecturers who are identified in the thesis, we conduct experiment processes of completing some basic teaching techniques of lecturers (Measure 3.2) in military colleges today 4.1.6.2. Experimental Methods Experiments were conducted with the control experimental method 4.1.7. Experimental procedure 4.1.7.1. Preparation of experiments Step 1: Select experimental group, control group and study subjects Step 2: Fostering collaborators Step 3: Analyze the program, compiling documents Step 4: Methods of measuring and evaluating the results of the experiment 4.1.7.2. Conducting experiments * Check the input of experimental group, control group on teaching technical skills * Performing the identified pedagogical impact according to the experimental plan 4.1.7.3. End of experiment The results were analyzed, evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively to draw pedagogical conclusions 23 4.2 Xử lý phân tích kết sau tác động thực nghiệm 4.2.1. Phân tích kết quả về mặt định lượng 4.2.1.1. Cơ sở thực nghiệm 1(Trường Sĩ quan Lục quân 1) 4.2 Process and analysis of the results after the experimental effects 4.2.1. Analysis of results in quantitative terms 4.2.1.1. Experimental base 1 (The Army officers College No 1) 120 100 EG 80 CG 60 40 20 Mark Graph 4.1. This chart shows the cumulative probabilities for the advancement of teaching techniques in experimental and control group in the experimental Base 1 Comment: Over the graph 4.1 shows, cumulative frequency road experiment group located right below the cumulative incidence of control group; it shows the result of teaching technical advancement in experiment group is higher than result of teaching technical advancement in control group 4.2.1.2. 2 Experimental Base 2 (The College of Politics) 24 120 100 EG 80 CG 60 40 20 Mark Graph 4.2 This chart shows the cumulative probabilities for the advancement of teaching techniques in experimental group and control group in the experimental Base Comment: Over the graph 4.2 shows, cumulative frequency road experiment group located right below the cumulative incidence of control group it shows the result of teaching technical advancement in experiment group is higher than result of teaching technical advancement in control group Thus, the results of experiment was analyzed based on mathematical statistical formula to calculate the characteristic parameters, perform, compare the results on graphs, charts, testing hypotheses may be identified as: the results of experiment group is higher the results of control group; the impact of experiment was significant in both the experiment bases So, if the teaching techniques of lecturers will be organized regularly, trained in the scientific process, the teaching techniques will be mature and steady. This also confirms the measures to improve teaching techniques for the military colleges lecturers is meaningful and highly feasible Bảng 4.14. So sánh kết quả đánh giá về tính tích cực hồn thiện kỹ thuật dạy học của giảng viên các nhóm thực nghiệm và nhóm đối chứng 4.2.2. Analysis of results in terms of qualitative 25 To see more clearly the teaching technical advancement of lecturers through experiments, we have compared the positively improvement of teaching techniques assessment of lecturers in two groups Table 4.14. Comparing results of the positively improvement of teaching techniques assessment of lecturers in the experimental group and the control group Experimental Base Experimenta l Base 1 Experimenta l Base 2 The Số % giảng viên đạt mức Experime number ntal Wea mediu Fairly Excelen of Group k m Goof t lecturers 68,8 EG 45 13,33 17,78 51,1 CG 45 44,45 4,44 59,5 EG 42 11,81 28,57 28,5 CG 42 47,62 2,38 Average 2,04 1,60 2,17 1,55 From the results of Table 4:14 shows the evaluation results of the positively improvement of teaching techniques assessment of lecturers in the experimental group is always higher than and the results of the control group Their scores were evaluated in experimental group are more focused, the control group’s are more dispersed With the results have been analyzed above, we can confirm the measures to improve teaching techniques for military college lecturers initially certain effective, meaningful and highly feasible. This confirms the validity of scientific theories The conclusion of chapter 4 Based on the preparation, conductions and results of experiment obtained, we can conclude the following issues: Experiments were carried out in the scope of teaching Social Sciences and Humanities subjects in two experiments bases, is the typical military colleges. Collaborators conducting experiments are lecturers of the faculty of pedagogy in the experimental basis so they have certain knowledge about teaching techniques. Before 26 proceeding with experiments, collaborators were fostered and agreed on the contents of some basic teaching techniques and the process of improvement of the teaching techniques of lecturers. Subjects of both experimental basis are the lecturers of the faculties of Social Sciences and Humanities. Before experimentation, we have examined cognitive inputs and the results suggests, the experiments group and control groups have the same level that makes the objective evaluation of experimental results, as well as ensuring the necessary reliability of experimental results The process of the experiments is conducted through the organization of the classes of teaching technique training, guidance and teaching technique models for the lecturers After the experiments, we assess experiments results based on the the identified criteria. By using the methods of mathematical statistics, presents the results of experiments with charts, graphs, we analyzed the results of in quantitative and qualitative. Results of experiments shows the progress of teachers in experiments group versus input test results and compared with the control group. This also means that the hypothesis of experiments has been demonstrated on the appropriateness of the proposed measures to improve the teaching techniques of lecturers 27 CONCLUSION AND PETITIONS Understanding the importance of teaching techniques to the improvement of the quality of the teaching process in particular, the quality of education training in general. Many authors in the world and in Vietnam have researched on teaching techniques with different approaches. These studies, initially as a foundation to help the lecturers develop, enhance their pedagogical skills. However, to implement the directions of innovation of the fundamental, comprehensive education training and building the military schools towards standardization and modernization, this thesis of improving the teaching techniques for the military colleges lecturers is a author’s contribution to develop didactics and deepening and enrich the issues of fostering pedagogical skills, thereby improving the quality and effectiveness of the teaching activities of lecturers Based on the methodology of Marxism Leninism, using the methodology of education science, we have to deepen the conception of teaching techniques, teaching techniques of lecturers; clarify some basic teaching techniques of military college lecturers and their evaluation criteria The study results also show the practice of teaching techniques and the improvement of teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers has many limitations that impacts on the quality of teaching in the military colleges. To solving that situation, we study deeply five basic measures for improvement of teaching techniques for military college lecturers. It was educational measures to raise awareness, sense of responsibility of the improvement of teaching techniques for military colleges lecturers for the pedagogical forces; to determine the content and process and training of teaching techniques; to encourage the development of positiveness, proactiveness, creativity of the lecturers; to build a favorable pedagogical environment for lecturers in the improvement of teaching techniques The content and process of teaching technique training of lecturers that are proposed in the thesis have been verified by control experimental methods in two experimental basis which are two big military colleges. The analysis and evaluation of experimental results in both quantitative and qualitative shows, experimental work is useful in developing and perfecting the teaching techniques of lecturers Based on the research results that have been verified 28 experimentally, we may conclude and the proposed measures are feasible, useful and scientific theories of the thesis was proved right However, the process of studying the issue of improving the teaching techniques for lecturers in the military colleges, the author found many problems due to the author perception is limited, objective and subjective conditions and scope of the thesis so the author should not be studied in depth, clarify as: Need to study more clearly the relationship between teaching technology, teaching techniques, experimence of teaching especially in teaching the social sciences and humanities Need to study the teaching techniques for specific subjects because each subjects have different target, content, teaching characteristics so it requires different teaching techniques In addition to the teaching techniques that outlined in this thesis, we should be further studied different teaching techniques to help the lecturers reach, train and improve their pedagogy From the research results of the thesis, to improve the teaching techniques for lecturers effectively and contribute to improving the quality of teaching in the military colleges, we have some recommendations: First, the teaching techniques is still a new theoretical issues for military colleges, so the military colleges should promote further research deepening, richer the theory of teaching techniques and improvement of teaching techniques of lecturers; encouraging researches that engaging practices, requirements and tasks of education training of each colleges Second, all pedagogical force in the military colleges should be regular trained and retrained of the role and significance of teaching techniques for the development of pedagogical competence of lecturers, as well such as improving the quality of education training Third, the military colleges should combine the renew of content, programs and teaching methods with the training, improving the teaching techniques of the lecturers and defines it as the duty, and regular method activities of the colleges Fourth, on the basis of the proposed measures in this thesis, the military colleges can research and apply in the teaching procedure; should regularly organize the teaching technique training and teaching methods for lecturers; conducting exchange of experience of 29 the teaching techniques and improvement of the teaching techniques between departments and units in military colleges and with other universities ... * The tasks of the thesis: Clarify the theorical basis of improving teaching techniques for the military college lecturers Survey, assess the situation of the teaching techniques of the lecturers in the ... proposes the solutions to improving the teaching techniques for the lecturers in the military colleges 4 The thesis only focuses on researching the teaching techniques of the leacturers of military social sciences and humanities in the military colleges... teaching techniques for the military college lecturers today as the basis for applying in teaching, improving pedagogical skills for lecturers in the military colleges, especially for lecturers with less seniority