Fundamentals of forensic medicine and to

Prof R K Sharma MD, FIAFM, FRSH Professor and Head of Department of Forensic Medicine Kathmandu University Medical School, Nepal Formerly Professor and Head of Department of Forensic Medicine, MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur, India Principal, MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur, India Dean, Faculty of Medicine, Ranchi University, Bihar, India Visiting Professor, University of Wales, UK Commonwealth Medical Fellow, UK Chairman, Department of Forensic Medicine, Al-Fateh University, Tripoli, Libya Director– Professor of Forensic Medicine, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, India Director (Addl.), Medical Education, Health Services, Govt of Bihar, Patna, India Consultant, Health Services, Delhi Govt., India ASSOCIATE EDITOR Rishav Shrestha MBBS, 1st Batch Kathmandu University Medical School, Nepal “A person may be a poor writer, a bad painter, or a bad actor but a man cannot and must not be a bad doctor.” Prof M.P Konchalovsky AUTHOR Prof R K Sharma MD, FIAFM, FRSH Professor and Head of Department of Forensic Medicine Kathmandu University Medical School Nepal drrksharma@hotmail.com EDITOR Rishav Shrestha MBBS, 1st Batch Kathmandu University Medical School Nepal rishavmania@gmail.com First Edition 2006 Medical knowledge is constantly changing As information becomes available, changes in treatment, procedures, equipment and the use of drugs change The authors and publishers have, as far as possible, taken care to ensure that the information given in the text is accurate and up to date and can not accept any legal responsibility or liability for errors or omissions that may have occurred However, readers are strongly advised to confirm that the information, especially with regard to drugs and toxins, complies with current legislation and standards of practice Printed in Nepal DEDICATION This volume is dedicated to: Dr N.B Rana, Dean, School of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, who inspired me to write a book on Forensic Medicine specially designed to meet the requirements of Nepalese Medicos covering the relevant legal aspects of Nepal My late parents, Mr D P Sharma, my father and Tara Sharma, my mother, who brought me in this lovely world and nurtured me to become a doctor And my sweet wife, Deval Sharma, who always insisted and looked after me for this edition of the book During many odds, she rendered every possible help to see the project completed I owe gratitude to all of them R.K Sharma Author i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Fundamentals of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (Medical Jurisprudence) would not have been possible were it not for the following remarkable persons who have helped a lot in creating the contents and design of this book We are glad to be associated with the following persons: • Dr Nastu Sharma, MD, MPH, PhD, CEO of Kathmandu University Medical School (KUMS) has been instrumental in providing facilities of offices for preparation of draft and printing, and other matters whenever his help was sought • Prof Dr CR Pant, MS (Ophthalmology), Program Director, KUMS, for his unequivocal support toward the writing of this book • Prof Dr RKM Shrestha, Associate Dean and Professor of Surgery, KUMS, for the help in acquiring TExtract ®, the indexing software • Dr Nandita Basu, retired associate professor of Pharmacology, AIIMS, for the advice on the chapter on Vegetable Poisons • Mr Dinesh Chapagain, formerly Dean of School of Engineering for his advice on legal procedures in Nepal • Mr Mukunda Upadhyay, MA, Chief of Management Division, Kathmandu University, for lending every possible assistance as and when required • Mr Bang Vijay Sharma, Administrative officer, KUMS, for legal assistance while writing this book • Ms Shilu Shrestha, MBBS, 1st Batch, KUMS for her remarkable advices and help on the design and layout, presentation, and editing • Mr Sudip Shrestha for typing of the draft and arranging for collection of required documents and the preliminary formatting of the document • Anica Mann, Akshaay Sharma, Aarushi Sharma, Reva Mann, and Avani Sharma, Professor R.K Sharma’s grandchildren, for assisting in the first few chapters of preparing his lecture notes • Mr Roshan Dahal, Network Administrator, KUMS, for providing the necessary computer facilities for the design and layout and editing of the book • Mr Harry Bego, www.texyz.com, the creator of TExtract ®, the amazing book indexing software , for his help on use of TExtract ® to create the index RK Sharma R Shrestha ii ABOUT THE AUTHOR P rofessor R K Sharma has had a distinguished career in Forensic Medicine He is currently the professor and head of Department of Forensic Medicine in Kathmandu University Medical School (KUMS), the oncampus medical college of Kathmandu University He started his teaching career at AIIMS, New Delhi and subsequently he worked in reputed Medical colleges in India, serving as the professor and head of department of Forensic Medicine in MGM College, Jamshedpur at a remarkable age of 35 ; then as the Principal in the same institution; and as Dean, Faculty of Medicine in Ranchi University, Bihar He was conferred the title of Visiting Professor at the University of Wales in 1977 He was also a Commonwealth Medical Fellow, UK His was also the Chairman of Department of Forensic Medicine at Al-Fateh University in Libya in 1978-82 He has also been a consultant to the Government of Delhi Administration, for upgrading the facilities of autopsy work in all the hospitals of Delhi He was examiner of MBBS, MD, and PhD of various universities of India and was expert in selection of the teachers by Union Public Service Commission of India His qualifications were sought by the Medical Council of India to serve as Inspector for postgraduate courses in Forensic Medicine of various Medical College for granting recognition during 1992-94 He was awarded the coveted Chikitsa Ratna Award during the IMA Meet at the Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS) of Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in 2003 for his outstanding services to the field of Medical Education by the director of IMS, BHU He has two sons, both in Australia and a daughter who is the vice chairperson of Delhi Public School, Sonepat, India iii FOREWORD This book, written by an authority in the subject of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology is specially designed to meet the requirements of Nepalese medicos covering the relevant legal aspects of Nepal In Nepal, number of medical colleges grew phenomenally in the last decade and as a result, over a thousand students gets admitted every year All these students have to study forensic medicine as a part of their undergraduate curriculum This is a timely publication since there has been a great need of such a book for the undergraduate medical students who are studying in the Medical Colleges of Nepal I am sure Fundamentals of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology will help the medical doctors in discharging their duties as a medical legal expert I hope the book will stimulate greater interest both among the students and faculty in the teaching and learning process We, on behalf of Kathmandu University, thank Professor Sharma for taking pains in writing the book I also thank Dr N.B Rana, Dean, School of Medical Sciences for taking initiative to bringing out this publication Prof Dr Sitaram Adhikary Registrar Kathmandu University v ...Prof R K Sharma MD, FIAFM, FRSH Professor and Head of Department of Forensic Medicine Kathmandu University Medical School, Nepal Formerly Professor and Head of Department of Forensic Medicine, ... INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC MEDICINE, MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE AND TOXICOLOGY Forensic Medicine Medical Jurisprudence Toxicology 1 INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC MEDICINE, MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE, AND TOXICOLOGY FORENSIC. .. information of forensic medicine, when he told me about his project of writing a book of Forensic Medicine in the context of Nepal Much of the text on Forensic Medicine available to the students