ÔN NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH

 GRAMMAR REVIEW Nouns; Articles; Quantifiers Phân biệt danh từ đếm danh từ không đếm Danh từ đếm Danh từ số Danh từ số nhiều Ví dụ: An orange, a baby, … Ví dụ: Shops, babies,… Danh từ số dùng với động Danh từ số nhiều dùng với từ số động từ số nhiều Ví dụ: An orange is sweet Ví dụ: Oranges are sweet Danh từ khơng đếm Ví dụ: advice, bread, fruit, … Danh từ không đếm dạng số nhiều dùng với động từ số Ví dụ: Your hair is long Cách biến đổi danh từ số sang số nhiều +s Shops, dogs, … +es Watches, tomatoes, … +ves Knives, leaves, … + ies Families, … • Trường hợp bất quy tắc: One child  two children one foot  two feet One man  two men one tooth  two teeth One woman  two women one fish  two fish One person  two people Cách sử dụng từ số lượng Loại danh từ Từ số lượng Ví dụ Danh từ đếm số One/ a/ an/ each/ every I have a pen Every child likes this film Danh từ đếm số Two, three, some, a few, many, a She has two pens nhiều lot of, lots of Some children like this film Danh từ không đếm Some, a little , much, a lot of, Some information is interesting lots of , a bit of, a piece of… I want a piece of butter Cách sử dụng mạo từ (A/ AN/ THE) Danh từ đếm Danh từ chưa xác định Danh từ xác định Danh từ đếm số A dollar An apple The dollar The apple Danh từ đếm số nhiều _Ø dollars _ Ø apples The dollars The apples Danh từ không đếm _ Ø money _ Ø juice The money The juice EXERCISE 1: Complete the following sentences by using the plural form of the words in the box Child foot man person puppy tooth watch Did you know that Jason’s dog had had three beautiful … …………… ? woman The Spice Girls was an all-girl band, so there wasn’t any … …………… It’s a bit strange that Victor wears two …….…………… -one on each arms If ……………… the same jobs as their husbands, they should be paid the same The dentist says I have two … …………… taken out! How many ……………… were there at the show? We’ve walked miles! My ……………… are hurting! Mrs Jenkins has just had a baby, so she’s got three ………………… now EXERCISE 2: Underline the correct words/ phrases Your money is/ are on the table in the dining room The advice you gave me was/ were really useful The cakes in that shop looks/ look absolutely delicious There has/ have been a lot of bad news recently Your homework was/ were late Please it sooner next time Does/ Do the information about the museum include the opening times? We need new furniture in the dining room It’s / They’re very old and scratched The fish in this tank all seems/ seem to be ill I love your hair It’s / They’re really soft 10 Oh, no! The rice has/ have gone all over the floor! EXERCISE 3: Underline the correct words/ phrases in the following sentences He doesn’t have (many/ much) money I’d like (a few/ a little) salt on my vegetables She bought (that/those) cards last night There are (less/ fewer) students in this room than in the next room There is (too much/ too many) news on television tonight I don’t want (these/ this) mice We have a lot of (information/ informations) to get A (few/ little) people left early Would you like (any/ some) coffee? 10 This jacket cost me (too much/ too many) 11 I had to buy (some/ any/ a) bread because I wanted to make some sandwiches 12 The flat is empty We haven’t got (any furnitures/ any furniture/ some furniture) 13 After spending more of his life travelling round the world, he is now writing a book about his (experience/ experiences) EXERCISE 4: Put in a/ an/ the/ N (Nothing) into each gap We had ………… good weather when we were on holiday We had ………….really good science lesson at school today I found ……………unusual insect on the wall outside our house It’s your birthday next week Are you going to have ……….party? We waited for hours, but we finally saw ………… Queen Why don’t we listen to …… …….radio? Have you got ………… euro I could borrow? Mum has gone to ………… bank, but she’ll be back in ………….hour What …………… beautiful garden! 10 Bill’s got ……………… big feet 11 Do you collect ……………… stamps? 12 Those are really ……………… nice trousers Where did you get them? 13 Michael’s father bought him ……………… bicycle that he had wanted for his birthday 14 John and Mary went to school yesterday and then studied in ……………… library before returning 15 16 17 18 19 20 home Please give me a cup of coffee with ……………… cream Jane is …………… teacher Her parents were ……………… teachers, too What ……………… lovely children! When I was ……………… child, I used to be very shy What time you usually have …………… breakfast? There is …………….orange in the fridge EXERCISE 5: Make best choice I heard there’s ………….new sports shop in town Let’s see what they have A a B the C an D one I don’t have ………….money, so I’ll have to wait to get a new coat A a piece of B a few C much D many It’s going to be very expensive to send a person to ………… A a Mars B one Mars C the Mars D Mars I don’t know much about computers, so I asked the assistant for ………….advice A an B many C a few D some In my experience, ………….are very friendly A Chinese B a Chinese C the Chinese D this Chinese Dad has to go to ………….early tomorrow to meet an important customer A work B the work C a work D that work Which is more important – money or ………….? A environment B the environment C an environment D one environment Apparently, it’s the largest computer store in ………… A an Europe B a Europe C the Europe D Europe Let me just add ………….what I’m buying to see if I’ve got enough money A on B up C over D in C a few D much 10 Would you like ………….coffee, please? A any  B some Adjectives & Adverbs; Comparatives & Superlatives EXERCISE 1: Underline the correct choice Two people were serious/ seriously injured in the accident The driver of the car had serious/ seriously injuries Linda likes wearing colorful/ colorfully clothes Everybody at the party was colorful/ colorfully dressed This tea tastes a bit strange/ strangely The children were playing happy/ happily in the garden You look terrible/ terribly! Are you all right? He always goes/ goes always to work by bus He had hardly finished / hardly had finished the test when the bell rang EXERCISE 2: Underline the correct words/phrases The pan was so/ such hot that I nearly dropped it Mr Jones was so/ such a kind man that I was sad when he moved to another town We have so / such many pets that sometimes it’s really noisy! Alicia is so/such good at basketball that I think she could be a professional This soup is very salty/ too salty to eat If you run too fast/ fast enough, you might win the race Don’t drive too fast/ fast enough or you might have an accident Are you warm enough/ enough warm? EXERCISE 3: Complete the sentence, using the comparative/ superlative form of the words in brackets Wait! Your bicycle is … ……………(fast) than mine! Phew! It’s much … ……………(hot) than it was yesterday, isn’t it? I think you look … ……………(pretty) when you wear your hair up This version was bad That version was even … ……………….(bad) The price of batteries has gone up They’re a lot … ……………………(expensive) than before Angus hasn’t been practicing the piano and he’s … ………………pianist I’ve known (bad) His new film is much …… ……(entertaining) than his last one I loved that one! Tell us another joke – but a … …………(short) one this time! I didn’t win the lottery Maybe I’ll be … ……………(lucky) next time 10 She is …………………tennis player in the team (good) 11 He ran ………………………………(far) than all the others and won the race 12 This is really the ………………………………(interesting) song I’ve ever heard 13 Ivy is the ………………………………(kind) woman I’ve known She’ll anything for anybody 14 Today is the ………………………………(hot) day of the week  Pronouns & Prepositions Subject pronouns I You He She It We You They Object pronouns Me You Him Her It Us You Them Possessive determiners My Your His Her Its Our Your Their Possessive pronouns Mine Yours His Hers Ours Yours Theirs Reflexive pronouns Myself Yourself Himself Herself Itself Ourselves Yourselves Themselves EXERCISE 1: Complete the words in the list You have to use some words more than once I you he she it we they ………asked Mr Simons, my science teacher, what glass was and ……………said that ……is a liquid Hi Diana! Are …………still going shopping with us tomorrow? My mum studied history at university ……………says ……………was a really interesting course Scientists are working hard to find cures for lots of diseases, but ……………haven’t found a cure for the common cold yet Adam, do……………think ………………should all bring some food with us to your party? EXERCISE 2: Make the best choice Did you give ………………book back to Alice? A that B ours C ourselves D those I met Bill yesterday ………………was going shopping A him B he C his D himself Rich and Andy are our neighbors, but I haven’t seen ………………for ages A they B their C them D her What are you doing? – I’m looking for ………………glasses A I B my C mine D me If you invented something important, ………………would want to make money out of it A you B your C yours D yourself Did someone help Alison or did she all the calculations ………………? A her B hers C herself D she That’s not your calculator It’s ……………… A me B mine C my D I Is this our DVD or is it ………………? A them B their C theirs D those EXERCISE 3: Complete the sentence with in/ on/ at We first visited China ………………2006 My birthday is ………………the second of July 5 Let’s meet ………………five o’clock Schools start again………………September There’s a party at Emily’s ………………Saturday What you want to ………………the morning? Let’s go and see Grandma ………………Easter Where you usually go ………………Christmas Day? EXERCISE 4: Complete the sentences using in/on/ at There are a lot of people ………………the restaurant The people who live ………………number 44 are away on holiday You should go to Louvre when you’re ………………Paris Gorillas live ………………forests in Africa and eat fruit What does that sign ………………the wall says? What did Ethan say ………………his letter? Have you heard of the strange statues ………………Easter Island? Do you really want to spend the whole day ………………the beach? She is swimming ………………the sea 10 The text is ………………page 62 11 There is a table ………………the middle of the room 12 He has a small garden ………………front of his house 13 They’re ………………a wedding party 14 I’ll see her ………………the cinema ………………an hour 15 I don’t feel like playing chess ………………the moment EXERCISE 5: Make the best choice Dad didn’t help me I did it all ……………… A myself B yourself C themselves D me My aunt and uncle have decided to move ………………New Zealand A at B on C in D to We stayed ………………a great hotel in Dubai A at B on C in D to Wait ………………the end of the street and I’ll come and meet you A at B on C in D to My new job starts ………………the first day of August A at B on C in D to Jane doesn’t enjoy her job any more She’s ……………because every day she does exactly the same thing A boring B bored C interesting D interested Maria’s English is excellent She speaks …………… A perfectly English C English perfectly B perfect English D English perfect He ……………to find a job but he had no luck A tried hard B tried hardly C hardly tried D hard tried Lisa was carrying a ……………bag A black small plastic C small black plastic B small and plastic black D plastic small black 10 Ben like walking …………… A Every he walks to work morning C he walks every morning to work B He walks to work every morning D he every morning walks to work Task 2: Rewrite the sentence in such a way it does not change the meaning of the first sentence This is where we live This is …………………………………… No one in the club plays the violin better than Jane Jane is …………………………………… Those shoes are not mine Those shoes ………………………………… Joshua is much taller than Alex Alex …………………………………… He speaks more persuasively than his brother He is a ……………………………………  Verb forms & Tenses; Gerund & Infinitives; Modal verbs; Passive voice EXERCISE 1: Complete using the correct present continuous form of the verbs in brackets You may have to use some negative forms Gordon? I think he …………… … (write) a letter at the moment Yes, the match is on TV now, but we ……………… ….…(lose) Right now, Margaret ……………… (have) a shower Do you want to ring later? Sally ……………… ….…(stay) with her aunt for a few days I ……………… ….….(lie)! It’s true! I did see Madonna at the supermarket Josh ……………… ….…(ride) his bike to work this week Peter is using it We ……………… ….….(have) lunch, but I can come round and help you later …Are you playing….(you/ play) music up there? It’s really noisy! EXERCISE 2: Underline the correct choice I work/ am working at the local library this summer We don't go/ aren’t going to the theatre very often Stacy gets/ is getting ready for school, so she can’t come to the phone Does Gary ever talk/ Is Gary ever talking about his expedition to the Amazon jungle? In squash, you hit/ are hitting a ball against a wall I read/ am reading a newspaper at least once a week Do you practice/ Are you practicing the piano for two hours every day? Nadine and Claire do/ are doing quite well at school at the moment A good friend knows/ is knowing when you’re upset about something 10 How you spell/ are you spelling your name? EXERICSE 3: Complete the sentences, using the Past Simple and the Past Continuous I …………………television when the phone ………………… (watch, ring) Keith …………………… a bath when the detective …………………….(have, arrive) Alberto ……………………a leg when he …………………… (break, ski) 7 Last night, Lydia ……………………to the radio Then, she ……………… to bed early (listen, go) Jim …………………his new video game, while his sister …………………… a picture (play, draw) We …………………Kate first aid when the ambulance …………………… (give, arrive) While I ……………………., I ……………………an old man lying on the ground (wait, notice) Rachel ……………………not to go on holiday last summer (decide) EXERCISE 4: Complete the sentence, using the Past Simple, the Present Perfect and the words in brackets Rafael …… … … shopping for me yesterday (go) Sandra …… … … her brother $200 so far (lend) The policeman …… … … …….ten minutes ago (drive away) Raschid …… … … ……his driving test (just pass) The headmaster …… … … … to the school in 1985 (come) The teacher ……… …….him to be quiet (already/ tell) They …… … … …… many photos yet (take, not) I ……… … … ……….any parties since I came here (attend, not) Al ……… … … …to a party at Sally’s apartment last Saturday night (go) 10 Bill (arrive) ……… … … ….here three days ago 11 Bill (be) ……… … … …… here since the 22nd 12 Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term You (miss, already) …………………………… too many classes You (miss) …….……………two classes last week EXERCISE 5: Complete the sentences with since/ for I’ve had this job …………….a month I haven’t seen him ………………ages He’s known her ………………April I’ve lived here ………………1992 She’s been ill ……………years They’ve been away ………a long time EXERCISE 6: Rewrite each sentence in such a way that it does not change the meaning of the first sentence They last went shopping two months ago They haven’t ……………………………… We learnt to play the piano 18 years ago We have ……………………………………… It is ages since Alan visited his parents Alan ………………………………… I haven’t eaten this kind of food before This ……………………………………………… She started working as a secretary five years ago She has ……………………………… EXERCISE 7: Make the best choice He …………………the dog out for a walk as soon as he finishes dinner A takes B will take C will takes D shall take I …………………and see you before I leave for America A come B will come C would D came 3.As soon as he …………………a certificate in English, he will apply for a job A would get B got C gets D will get it’s rather hot I …………………the window A open B will open C am going to open D would open I know he’s in prison, but I …………………him! A see B am going to see C am seeing D would see Why did you buy so much food? – I …………………a party A will have B have C am having D am going to have Verb + to afford decide like agree deserve arrange fail forget hope learn manage Offer plan promise Refuse threaten Verb + (how/ what/ whether…) + to ask decide know explain learn understand would would love would prefer remember forget Verb + Obj + to Want ask help would like Expect beg mean would prefer Tell remind force encourage Order warn invite persuade Advise recommend allow enable Verb + Obj + Make Let Verb+ doing Stop postpone keep Finish consider Have admit avoid imagine deny risk fancy Verb Like + to do/ doing love Verb + to do/ doing: có thay đổi nghĩa continue hate Remember forget stop try Remember to do: E.g You should remember to the homework Remember doing: E.g – I remember washing my wife’s clothes Forget to do: Forget doing: E.g – I forgot to turn off the light 3.Stop to E.g When I met my friend, I stopped to talk 4.Try to E.g – We are trying to pass the exam A A A A A A A A A E.g – I forget borrowing money from you Stop doing: E.g I feel tired, so I stop working Try doing: E.g – Have you tried using this detergent? EXERCISE 1: Complete each sentence with the correct form of t verb in brackets Please remember ……… ……….the door when you go out (lock) She still remembers ………… ……… you when you were small (look after) I’m trying to concentrate on ……… ……….…, so please don’t make so much noise (work) We tried ………… … the fire out but without success We had to call the fire brigade (put out) I need a change I need …………… ………for a while (go away) Whenever they meet each other, they stop ………… ……… with each other (talk) The students stopped ………… ……… when the teacher entered (talk) She promised …………… ……… harder the next semester (work) The teacher asked all of his students …to attend… the meeting on Saturday (attend) 10.My friend suggested …………… ……… on a picnic next Sunday (go) 11.Pat wanted ………… …………a fire fighter like his father (become) 12.The man didn’t admit …………… ……… too fast (drive) EXERCISE 2: Choose the correct answer I used to ………………to London more often than I now driving B driven C drove D drive The boy was made ……………… his homework to B C doing D to doing I hope they’ll concentrate on ……………….their computer skills to improve B improving C improve D improved The boy admitted ……………… the window broken B breaking C to break D break Would you like ………………my dictionary? borrowing B borrow C to borrow D borrowed Please remind me ……………the letter post B posting C to post D to have posted I prefer ………………things to reading books B did C done D doing By ……………….the housework done, we have time to further our studies taking B to have C having D letting Tom wants ……………….up early tomorrow because he is on duty at school get B got C getting D to get 10 Why did you avoid ……………… my question yesterday? A to answer B answering C answer D answers MODAL VERBS • Động từ khuyết thiếu có dạng động từ, khơng thêm đuôi –s/-es vào sau động từ thứ số Ví dụ: I/You/ He/ She/It/ We /They can speak English • Động từ khuyết thiếu ln kết hợp với động từ nguyên thể: 10 Ví dụ: You should call Stella Cách sử dụng số động từ khuyết thiếu: Động từ khuyết thiếu Can/ can’t Cách sử dụng Could/ couldn’t - May/may not - Diễn đạt suy đốn việc xảy Must/ mustn’t - Diễn đạt khả tương lai Dùng câu xin phép, đề nghị, cho phép Diễn đạt khả khứ Dùng câu xin phép, đề nghị, cho phép tương lai Dùng để xin phép, cho phép Diễn đạt cần thiết, bắt buộc Đưa lời suy luận chắn Musn’t diễn đạt cấm đoán Ví dụ - He can play the piano Can I leave early? He could play the piano when he was five Could I use the phone? - It may rain later - May I use the phone? - You must get up earlier - She is Miss World She must be beautiful - You mustn’t leave your bike here It’s not allowed Students have to wear uniforms on Monday Have to/don’t have to Should/ shouldn’t - Diễn đạt cần thiết, nghĩa vụ - Đưa lời khuyên - You should watch less TV - Children shouldn’t eat too much sugar Will/ will not Diễn đạt, suy đốn tình việc xảy tương lai Dùng yêu cầu, lời mời lịch - I think it will rain later Would/ wouldn’t Would you like some orange juice? EXERCISE 1: Underline the mistake in each sentence and write the correct words My older brother can to ride a motorbike, but I can’t ……………… He’ll has his dinner early today because he’s going out ……………… Do you can come to my party? ……………… You should to see a doctor about your foot … ………… I couldn’t bought any bread because the baker’s was closed … …………… You haven’t to the washing up I’ve already done it … …………… The school should to listen to pupils’ opinions …… ………… People shouldn’t to drop their rubbish in the street ……………… EXERCISE 2: Underline the correct word or phrase I’ve been having swimming lessons and now I can/ could swim really well Please could/ should I use your mobile phone? Mine doesn’t have any power Sam could/ should get a job instead of complaining about having no money Okay, yes, - you can/ should leave five minutes early today Do you think I have to/ should tell Michael the truth about what happened? I can’t/ couldn’t read until I was five years old I’m sorry, but you can’t/ couldn’t leave your car there Tracy can/ could sing really when she was small EXERCISE 3: Underline the correct word/ phrase “Smoking isn’t allowed in the airport.” You mustn’t/ don’t have to smoke in the airport 11 “It’s not necessary to come to the train station to meet me.” You have to/ don’t have to meet her at the train station “We were forced to wait for over two hours in the rain!” They had to/ didn’t need to wait for over two hours in the rain “The instructions tell you to write in pencil.” You must/ needn’t write in pencil “You can contact us by either phone or email” You mustn’t/ don’t have to phone them “In my country, you can carry your passport with you if you want, but it’s not necessary” In her country, you don’t have to/ mustn’t carry your passport with you PART IV: PASSIVE VOICE Cách chia động từ: Be + Pii Ví dụ: Everyone is invited Some people aren’t invited Thời động từ Thể chủ động Thời đơn giản V/ V-s/-es They play football Thời tiếp diễn Am/is/ are + Ving They are playing football Thời hoàn Have/ has + Pii thành They have played football Thời khứ đơn giản V-d/-ed They played football Thời khứ tiếp diễn Was/ were + Ving They were playing football Be going to Be going to + V They are going to play football Động từ khuyết thiếu Can/may/ must… + V They can play football Thể bị động Am/is/ are + Pii Football is played Am/is/ are + being+ Pii Football is being played Have/ has + been + Pii Football has been played Was/ were + Pii Football was played Was/ were + being+ Pii Football was being played Be going to + be + Pii Football is going to played Can/may/ must… + be + Pii Football can be played Cách sử dụng thể bị động: Thể bị động sử dụng không quan tâm tới hay gây hành động mà quan tâm tới kết đối tượng hành động Ví dụ: My sister’s bike was stolen yesterday He is given a present Cách chuyển câu từ chủ động sang bị động: • Lấy tân ngữ câu chủ động làm chủ ngữ câu bị động; • Dùng công thức động từ bị động TO BE + Pii Thời động từ câu chủ động thời động từ câu bị động • Nếu muốn nhắc tới ai/cái gây hành động dùng “by+Obj.” (e.g by him, by her, by the students, by Mary) Các chủ ngữ They, people, everybody, somebody… lược bỏ Ví dụ: Mary buys a new hat  A new hat is bought by Mary S V O S People speak English all over the world 12  English is spoken all over the world by people EXERCISE 1: Underline the wrong words/ phrases in each sentence Then, write the correct word/ phrase Every year, several prizes are giving to the best students ……………… When the pizza was delivering, it was cold … …………… You will be telling when you can come in … …………… That song doesn’t played on the radio very often, is it … …………… You money was stealing out of you bag? … …………… We haven’t allowed to use a dictionary in the exam yesterday … …………… That film hasn’t shown in our local cinema for a long time …………… … I will picked up from the station on Saturday … …………… EXERCISE 2: Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets When people ………….… , they ………… …………… to the police station (arrest, take) Milk ……………………in the fridge (usually/ keep) …….…………………what’s in next week’s test? (we/ tell) How did people communicate over long distances before the phone ……………………… (invent)? …………………………… to come to the party last Saturday? (you/ allow) You ……………………………your exam results next Monday (give) … ………………………… yesterday? (Aidan’s bike/ find) EXERCISE 3: Write each sentence in such a way that it doesn’t change the meaning of the first sentence Will they send the letters first class? Will the letters ……………………………… ? I’m not sure if they eat pizza in China? I’m not sure if pizza ………………………….? They don’t make cars in this factory Cars ………………………………………….… Do they usually feed the animals three times a day? Are ……………………………………………? Did they take her to hospital in an ambulance? Was she ………………………………….……? I think John has taken my jacket I think my …………………………………… ? They should cook the chicken for at least an hour The chicken ……………………………………? They are recording the conversation The conversation ……………………………… 13  RELATIVE CLAUSES Ví dụ: - What’s the name of the man who created the Internet? - This is the picture which was painted by my son This is the town where I was born Đinh nghĩa: Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để giải thích, bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước Đại từ quan hệ trạng từ quan hệ: Một mệnh đề quan hệ thường bắt đầu đại từ quan hệ trạng từ quan hệ Đại từ quan hệ Who Whom Which That Whose Cách sử dụng Làm chủ ngữ, thay cho danh từ người Làm tân ngữ, thay cho danh từ người, lược bỏ Làmchủ ngữ tân ngữ, thay cho danh từ đồ vật, động vật Thay cho who/whom/ which Chỉ sở hữu Ví dụ The woman who lives next door is a doctor The woman (whom) I talked to is a doctor - The dog which was lying in the ground is thin - The hotel (which) he told about is cheap - The dog that was lying in the ground is very thin That’s the man whose sister discovered a new planet 14 Trạng từ quan hệ Where Cách sử dụng Ví dụ Thay trạng từ nơi chốn The hotel where John stayed was cheap When Why Thay trạng từ thời gian Thay cho từ nguyên nhân Do you still remember the day when we first met? I don’t understand why he hasn’t arrived Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ: Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ • Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): mệnh đề dùng để xác định danh từ đứng trước Đây mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa câu, khơng dùng dấu phảy ngăn cách với mệnh đề E.g The girl who is sitting over there is my friend • Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng hạn định (Non -defining relative clauses): mệnh đề dùng để bổ sung thêm thông tin cho danh từ đứng trước Đây mệnh đề khơng thiết phải có mà câu đầy đủ ý nghĩa Chúng ta dùng dấu phảy để ngăn cách với mệnh đề Trong mệnh đề này, khơng dùng “THAT” E.g Hoa, who is sitting over there, is my friend EXERCISE 1: Make the best completion There’s a film on tonight ………………I really want to see A where B which C whose D who Do you know any restaurants ………………they serve vegetarian dishes? A where B which C whose D who Can you remember ………………told you about the new nightclub? A which B who C whom D X The film, ………………you are telling about, is based on a book by Dan Brown A who B which C whose D where I’ve never met anyone before ………………mother was famous! A whose B that C who D where Lorenzo, ………………is from Spain originally, has lived here for about ten years A whose B who C that D which Carla, ………………parents are from Mexico, was born in the UK A whose B who C that D which Here’s a photo of the hotel………………we stayed A whose B where C when D which Do you understand the reason ………………he is always late for school? A who B what C why D when 10 I still remember the time ……………we were small and played in the sun A who B what C why D when EXERCISE 2: Rewrite as one sentence using a relative clause A man was an airline pilot He is sixty-five years old now That man ……………………………………………………… 15  A friend often comes to play with me He hasn’t got any brothers and sisters A friend ……………………………………………………… A girl loves wearing hats Her hair is brown The neighbor ……………………………………………………… The CD is scratched I only bought it yesterday The CD……………………………………………………… My brother George has got some great shirts! He hates me borrowing his clothes My brother George……………………………………………………… Some neighbors have never invited us to dinner Their house is directly opposite ours Some neighbors ……………………………………………………… REPORTED SPEECH EXERCISE 1: Make the best choice “I’m a big fan of U2”, Derek said  Derek said he ……………a big fan of U2 A was B has been C had been “We’re watching TV”, said the twins  The twins said they ……………TV A watched B were watching C had watched “You’ve been annoying me all day!” my mum said  My mum said I …………all day A annoyed B was annoying C had been annoying “The dog ate my homework!”, said Tom  Tom said the dog …………his homework A was eating B had eaten C has eaten “At one o’clock, I am having lunch”, said Molly  Molly said she ……………at o’clock A had been having B has had C was having “You’ll get wet without an umbrella”, Dad said  My Dad said I ……………wet without an umbrella A will be getting B would get C got “I can throw the ball very hard!” said Mike  Mike said he ……………the ball very hard A could throw B can throw C would throw “Has your brother gone out? Mum asked me  Mum asked me ……………out A if my brother had gone B if had my brother gone C my brother had gone “When did your brother join the army?” Ruby asked me  Ruby asked me ……………join the army A when my brother joins B when did my brother join C When my brother had joined 10 “Is this your car?” the police officer asked John  The police officer asked John …………… A whether is that my car? B whether that was my car C whether was this my car EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the sentence, using the reported speech “I usually get up at o’clock”, Peter said Peter said………………………………………… “I have to go to the supermarket every week”, said my neighbor My neighbor said ………………………………………… “Richard has passed his driving test”, Andy said Andy said ………………………………………… “I will go fishing next month,” Jill said Jill said ………………………………………… 16 “Don’t throw that bottle away We can reuse it”, said my mother My mother told ………………………………………… “I’m decorating our house”, Tom said Tom said ………………………………………… EXERCISE 3: Rewrite the following questions, using the reported speech “Are you free this evening?” Richard asked me Richard ………………………………………… “Can you write with your left hand?” Val asked me Val asked ………………………………………… “Do you want to visit the Great Wall in China, Tam?” I asked I asked ………………………………………… “Will you go to Cairo on your holiday next month?” I asked Mr Robinson I asked Mr Robinson ………………………………………… “Have you ever been to Ba Na hill?”, Nam asked Hoa Nam asked Hoa ………………………………………… EXERCISE 4: Rewrite the question, using the reported speech “What time you usually go to bed?”, Richard asked me Richard ………………………………………… “Who can help the new worker?” the manager asked The manager asked ………………………………………… “How was your trip to Turkey?” I asked Katherine I asked Katherine ………………………………………… “What will you next summer? ”, Ashley asked Susie Ashley asked Susie ………………………………………… “Why did Mary go to work late yesterday?” the manager asked The manager asked why …………………………………………  CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Type 1: Real Conditional Sentences If + S + do/does, S + will E.g If he works hard, he will pass the exams Type 2: Present Unreal Conditional Sentences If + S + did, S + would E.g If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world Type 3: Past Unreal Conditional Sentences If + S + had done, S + would have done E.g If we had read this chapter, would have known the answer EXERCISE 1: Use the correct verb tenses If we meet at 9:30, we (have) …………………… plenty of time If you (find) …………………… a skeleton in the cellar, don’t mention it to anyone If you pass your examination, we (have) ……………………a celebration What (happen) ……………………if I press this button? If you go to Paris, where you (stay) ……………………? 17 If you (swim) …………………… in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold Lisa would find the milk if she (look) …………………… for it in the fridge If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose) ……………………? I (call) …………………… the office if I were you 10 I would repair the roof myself if I (have) ……………………a long ladder 11 He would hear your explanation if he (not talk) …………………… so much 12 If you had spoken louder, your classmates (understand) …………………………………you 13 If you (read) ….……………………the instructions carefully, you wouldn’t have answered the wrong question 14 If Mel (ask) ……………………… her teacher, he’d have answered her questions 15 If she had told us in advance, we …………………………………(avoid) trouble EXERCISE 2: Choose the best completion If I the same problem, I would not have succeeded in life as well as you have A have B would have C had had D should have I you sooner if someone had told me you were in the hospital A would have visited B visited C had visited D visit If I more help, I would call my neighbor A needed B need C have needed D had need Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people the same language? A spoke B speak C had spoken D will speak If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, this incident again A I will never mention C I never mention B will I never mention D I don’t mention If I had known you were asleep, I so much noise when I came in A didn’t make B wouldn’t have made C won’t make D don’t make Unless you all of my questions, I can’t anything to help you A answered B answer C would answer D are answering If Jake to go on the trip, would you have gone? A doesn’t agree B didn’t agree C hadn’t agreed D wouldn’t agree If someone in to the store, smile and say, “May I help you?” A comes B came C come D should come 10 I‘ll give you a call if I some help tomorrow” A will need B need C would need D needed 11 The patient will not recover unless he an operation A undergoes B will undergo C undergo D was undergoing 12 If she him, she would be very happy A would meet B will meet C met D meets 13-If he a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post A had had B had C has D has had 14 If I had enough money, I abroad to improve my English A will go B would go C went D should have go to 15.The bench would collapse if they on it 18 A stood B stand C standing D stand EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the sentences If they don’t turn that radio off, I will go mad Unless …………………………………………………………………… Because we live far away, we don’t see him very often If …………………………………………… She doesn’t work flexi-time, so she can’t pick her children from school If ………………………………………………… He wore a false beard, so I didn’t recognize him If ………………………………………………… He lost his job because he was late every day If ……………………………………………………… EXERCISE 3: Make the best choice I asked the man next to me ……………me the salt A pass B if he passes C to pass The shop assistant asked the woman ……………for a moment A to wait B waiting C she wait Mum asked whether I ……………home late that night A will come B would come C have come The manager asked when ……………finish the report A can his secretary B his secretary can C his secretary could I don’t like stories ……………have unhappy endings A which B they C who What’s the name of the man ……………? A you borrowed his car B which car you borrowed C whose car you borrowed Colin told me about his new job, ……………very much A he’s enjoying it B which he’s enjoying C which he’s enjoying it George showed me some pictures ……………by his father A which were painted B they were pained C which painted This morning I met Chris, ……………I hadn’t seen for ages A whom B who C which 10 Liz, ……………car had broken down, was in a very bad mood A who B whose C whom EXERCISE 4: Rewrite the sentences Barbara works for a company It makes furniture Barbara works ………………………………………… A waitress served us She was impolite and impatient The waitress ………………………………………… They lost the match although they played better In spite of ………………………………………… He doesn’t miss the bus because he gets up early If ………………………………………… The restaurant was so dirty that no one wanted to eat there It was …………………………………………… They are building a new bridge 19 A new bridge …………………………………………… 20 ... Can/may/ must… + be + Pii Football can be played Cách sử dụng thể bị động: Thể bị động sử dụng không quan tâm tới hay gây hành động mà quan tâm tới kết đối tượng hành động Ví dụ: My sister’s bike... Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng hạn định (Non -defining relative clauses): mệnh đề dùng để bổ sung thêm thông tin cho danh từ đứng trước Đây mệnh đề khơng thiết phải có mà câu đầy đủ ý nghĩa Chúng ta dùng