About This eBook ePUB is an open, industry-standard format for eBooks However, support of ePUB and its many features varies across reading devices and applications Use your device or app settings to customize the presentation to your liking Settings that you can customize often include font, font size, single or double column, landscape or portrait mode, and figures that you can click or tap to enlarge For additional information about the settings and features on your reading device or app, visit the device manufacturer’s Web site Many titles include programming code or configuration examples To optimize the presentation of these elements, view the eBook in single-column, landscape mode and adjust the font size to the smallest setting In addition to presenting code and configurations in the reflowable text format, we have included images of the code that mimic the presentation found in the print book; therefore, where the reflowable format may compromise the presentation of the code listing, you will see a “Click here to view code image” link Click the link to view the print-fidelity code image To return to the previous page viewed, click the Back button on your device or app EXAM CRAM Cisco CCNA Routing and Switching 200-120 Fourth Edition Michael Valentine Keith Barker Cisco CCNA Routing and Switching 200-120 Exam Cram, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein ISBN-13: 978-0-7897-5109-6 ISBN-10: 0-7897-5109-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: 2013955307 Printed in the United States on America First Printing: December 2013 Publisher Paul Boger Associate Publisher David Dusthimer Executive Editor Brett Bartow Senior Development Editor Christopher Cleveland Managing Editor Sandra Schroeder Project Editor Seth Kerney Copy Editor Keith Cline Indexer Ken Johnson Proofreader Jess DeGabriele Technical Editors Brian D’Andrea Andrew Whitaker Publishing Coordinator Vanessa Evans Multimedia Developer Lisa Matthews Book Designer Mark Shirar Page Layout Bumpy Design Trademarks All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized Pearson cannot attest to the accuracy of this information Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark Warning and Disclaimer Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied The information provided is on an “as is” basis The author and the publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the CD or programs accompanying it Special Sales For information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special sales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom cover designs; and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, or branding interests), please contact our corporate sales department at corpsales@pearsoned.com or (800) 382-3419 For government sales inquiries, please contact governmentsales@pearsoned.com For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contact international@pearsoned.com Contents at a Glance Introduction Self-Assessment CHAPTER Networking Fundamentals CHAPTER Network Models CHAPTER Concepts in IP Addressing CHAPTER Working with Cisco Equipment CHAPTER Securing Your Cisco Devices CHAPTER Basic Switch Operations and Configuration CHAPTER Basic Routing CHAPTER Visualizing Data Flow Between Two Hosts on a Network CHAPTER IP Access Lists CHAPTER 10 IP Services CHAPTER 11 Troubleshooting CHAPTER 12 Advanced Switching Concepts CHAPTER 13 Advanced Router Operation CHAPTER 14 Advanced IP Services CHAPTER 15 WAN Operation CHAPTER 16 Advanced Troubleshooting Practice Exam Answer Key to Practice Exam Practice Exam Answer Key to Practice Exam Glossary Index Table of Contents Introduction Taking a Certification Exam Tracking Your Certification Status How to Prepare for an Exam What This Book Will Not Do What This Book Is Designed to Do About This Book CCNA Official Exam Topics Chapter Formats Pearson IT Certification Practice Test Engine and Questions on the CD-ROM Install the Software from the CD Activate and Download the Practice Exam Activating Other Exams Contacting the Authors Self-Assessment CCNA in the Real World The Ideal CCNA Candidate Put Yourself to the Test CHAPTER 1: Networking Fundamentals Essential Terms and Components Topologies Ethernet WAN Technologies Review Questions Answers to Review Questions What Next? CHAPTER 2: Network Models Cisco Hierarchical Design Access Layer Distribution Layer Core Layer Advantages of the Three-Layer Model OSI Model Layer 7: The Application Layer Layer 6: The Presentation Layer Layer 5: The Session Layer Layer 4: The Transport Layer Layer 3: The Network Layer Layer 2: The Data Link Layer Layer 1: The Physical Layer TCP/IP Model Review Questions Answers to Review Questions CHAPTER 3: Concepts in IP Addressing Binary Hexadecimal Conversion Between Binary, Hex, and Decimal Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversions Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversions IP Address Components Address Class Public and Private IP Addresses Default Subnet Mask The Network Field The Host Field Nondefault Masks The Subnet Field Subnetting Address Class and Default Mask The Increment Number of Hosts The Broadcast ID Number of Subnets Working with Subnetting Questions The Subnetting Chart VLSM Route Summarization Summarization Guidelines Determining Summary Addresses IPv6 IPv6 Address Allocation IPv6 Address Notation Types of IPv6 Addresses IPv6 Address Configuration IPv6 Router Configuration IPv6 Features The IPv6 Header IPv6 Transition Strategies Review Questions Answers to Review Questions What Next? CHAPTER 4: Working with Cisco Equipment Introducing Your Cisco Gear External Connections Other Connections Connecting and Configuring Cisco Devices Device Memory Locations IOS Startup Process Setup Mode Configuration Register Password Recovery Command-Line Modes Command Shortcuts Context-Sensitive Help Managing IOS Licensing Remote Management Telnet Secure Shell Cisco Discovery Protocol Internet Control Message Protocol Network Time Protocol Simple Network Management Protocol Syslog NetFlow Basic Switch Configuration Basic Router Configuration Review Questions Answers to Review Questions What Next? CHAPTER 5: Securing Your Cisco Devices Securing Routers and Switches Configuring Password Security Configuring SSH Access to Your Router External Authentication Methods Switch Port Security Security Best Practices for Switches Review Questions Answers to Review Questions What Next? CHAPTER 6: Basic Switch Operations and Configuration Bridging and Switching Functions of Bridges and Switches The Differences Between Switches and Bridges STP VLAN Concepts and Applications The Definition of a VLAN Benefits of VLANs Implementing VLANs VLAN Membership Trunking 802.1Q Configuring Switches for Trunking Review Questions Answers to Review Questions What Next? CHAPTER 7: Basic Routing Routing Fundamentals The Next Hop Concept Connected Networks Static Routes ... Troubleshooting Troubleshoot and Resolve Spanning Tree Operation Issues Troubleshoot and Resolve Routing Issues Troubleshoot and Resolve OSPF Problems Troubleshoot and Resolve EIGRP Problems Troubleshoot... Configuring SSH Access to Your Router External Authentication Methods Switch Port Security Security Best Practices for Switches Review Questions Answers to Review Questions What Next? CHAPTER 6: Basic... Configured? VLANs Must Exist for the Trunk to Support Them Administrative Versus Operational Troubleshoot Problems with IP Addressing and Host Configurations Verify Hosts Have Correct IP Addresses