Why do atoms form bonds? What is an ion ? An ionic bond is the bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ion Metal atoms and hydrogen lose e and form cations. Nonmetal atoms gain e and form anions.
IONIC BONDING Why atoms form bonds ? What is the chemical equation of this reaction ? NaCl Atoms of sodium and chlorine have bonded to form a compound How is the bond in this compound formed? THE FORMATION OF ION, CATION AND ANION Why atoms form bonds? • Atoms bond with each other in order to gain a stable arrangement of outershell electrons, like the atoms of Group • In other words, they bond in order to gain electrons in their outer shell (or 2, if they have only one shell- Hydrogen) What is an ion ? II THE FORMATION OF IONIC BONDS An ionic bond is the bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ion Common Monoatomic Ions In general: Metal atoms and hydrogen lose e- and form cations Nonmetal atoms gain e- and form anions + Metal elements which belong to Group IA, IIA, IIIA have 1, or elctrons in outermost shell and they can lose 1, 2, electrons so their positive charge are 1+, 2+, 3+ + Non-metal elements which belong to group VIA, VIIA have or electron in outer shell and they can gain or electrons so their negative charge are 2-, 1- III Names of Monoatomic Ions - Cations • Cations formed by a metal have the same name as the metal + K Ca Al • potassium ion 2+ 3+ calcium ion aluminum ion If a metal forms more than one cation, use Roman numerals in ( ) after the name of the metal to show its charge 2+ Fe iron (II) ion 3+ Fe iron (III) ion Cu Cu + 2+ copper (I) ion copper (II) ion IV Names of Monoatomic Ions - Anions Monoatomic anions are named by: dropping the ending of the element’s name adding “ide” N 3N nitrogen nitride 2O O oxygen oxide mXOn Naming Oxyanions Many of the polyatomic anions are oxyanions polyatomic anions containing one or more oxygens attached to a central atom To name an oxyanion, drop the ending of the central atom name and add: “ate” most common oxyanion of the element “ite” NO3 NO2 CO3 2- nitrate less oxygen 2SO4 sulfate 2SO3 nitrite carbonate PO PO4 3- 3- sulfite phosphate phosphite Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds Example: Write the correct formula for the following ionic compounds Zinc bromide Aluminum carbonate Iron (II) phosphate Tin (IV) sulfate Magnesium hydroxide Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds Example: Write the correct formula for the following ionic compounds Sodium bicarbonate Ammonium sulfate Potassium phosphite Sodium hypochlorite Copper (I) oxide Naming Ionic Compounds Example: Name the following ionic compounds Na2SO4 FeCl3 (NH4)3PO4 KCl CuCO3 MgSO4 ... to Group IA, IIA, IIIA have 1, or elctrons in outermost shell and they can lose 1, 2, electrons so their positive charge are 1 +, 2 +, 3+ + Non-metal elements which belong to group VIA, VIIA have... electrons, like the atoms of Group • In other words, they bond in order to gain electrons in their outer shell (or 2, if they have only one shell- Hydrogen) What is an ion ? II THE FORMATION OF IONIC. ..What is the chemical equation of this reaction ? NaCl Atoms of sodium and chlorine have bonded to form a compound How is the bond in this compound formed? THE FORMATION OF ION, CATION AND ANION