C++ HOW TO PROGRAM SECOND EDITION Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Introduction to Computers and C++ Programming Control Structures Functions Arrays Pointers and Strings Classes and Data Abstraction Classes: Part II Operator Overloading Inheritance Virtual Functions and Polymorphism C++ Stream Input/Output Templates Exception Handling File Processing Data Structures Bits, Characters, Strings, and Structures The Preprocessor C Legacy Code Topics Class string and String Stream Processing Standard Template Library (STL) ANSI/ISO C++ Standard Language Additions © Copyright 1998 by Prentice Hall All Rights Reserved For use only by instructors in courses for which C++ How to Program, Second Editon is the required textbook CHAPTER INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND C++ PROGRAMMING Illustrations List Fig 1.1 Fig 1.2 Fig 1.3 Fig 1.4 Fig 1.5 Fig 1.6 Fig 1.7 Fig 1.8 Fig 1.9 Fig 1.10 Fig 1.11 Fig 1.12 Fig 1.13 Fig 1.14 Fig 1.15 Fig 1.16 (Main Page) A typical C++ environment Text printing program Some common escape sequences Printing on one line with separate statements using cout Printing on multiple lines with a single statement using cout An addition program A memory location showing the name and value of a variable Memory locations after values for two variables have been input Memory locations after a calculation Arithmetic operators Precedence of arithmetic operators Order in which a second-degree polynomial is evaluated Equality and relational operators Using equality and relational operators Precedence and associativity of the operators discussed so far Using new-style header files © Copyright 1998 by Prentice Hall All Rights Reserved For use only by instructors in courses for which C++ How to Program, Second Editon is the required textbook CHAPTER INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND C++ PROGRAMMING Editor Disk Program is created in the editor and stored on disk Preprocessor Disk Preprocessor program processes the code Disk Compiler creates object code and stores it on disk Disk Linker links the object code with the libraries, creates a.out and stores it on disk Compiler Linker Primary Memory Loader Loader puts program in memory Disk Primary Memory CPU Fig 1.1 CPU takes each instruction and executes it, possibly storing new data values as the program executes A typical C++ environment © Copyright 1998 by Prentice Hall All Rights Reserved For use only by instructors in courses for which C++ How to Program, Second Editon is the required textbook CHAPTER 1 10 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND C++ PROGRAMMING // Fig 1.2: fig01_02.cpp // A first program in C++ #include int main() { cout