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3/3/2016 Vietnam National University – HCMC Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Faculty of Resource & Environment INDUSTRIAL SAFETY AND ENVIRONEMENTAL HYGIENE Lecturer: Dr TRAN BICH CHAU Email: tbchau@hcmus.edu.vn 02/2016 Vietnam National University – HCMC Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Faculty of Resource & Environment Chapter 1: Common issues of labor safety Lecturer: Dr TRAN BICH CHAU Email: tbchau@hcmus.edu.vn 02/2016 3/3/2016 Terminology WHAT IS AN ACCIDENT ??? “An accident is an unplanned & uncontrolled event which causes or is likely to cause an injury” New view: “An accident is any unplanned event that results in injury or ill health of people or damage or loss to property, plant materials or the environment or loss of a business opportunity” Accident • A 37 years old man had both legs clamp in the soil grinder • With the help form doctors, twothirds of the victim’s body was taken out of the machine, but leg was still stuck in the machine 3/3/2016 Accident This worker was rolled up by a bulldozer while working Terminology WHAT IS A NEAR MISS ??? 3/3/2016 Terminology Definition • A “near miss” is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness or damage - but had the potential to so • Sometimes called a “near hit” or “close call” – signals a system weakness that if not corrected could lead to significant consequences in the future Terminology Watch examples and discuss What are the misktake of the workers in this video clip? What would be the right things to in these case? 3/3/2016 Terminology Watch examples and discuss What are the mistake of the workers in this video clip? What would be the right things to in these case? Terminology HAZARD • Anything or condition with the potential to cause harm • A hazard takes many forms: chemical, electricity Activity: Can you name some hazards in your daily life? 3/3/2016 Terminology HAZARD Source Example of Hazard Example of harm Object Knife Cut Substance Benzene Leukemia Material Asbestos Mesothelioma Source of energy Condition Electricity Wet floor Shock, electrocution Slips, falls Process Welding Metal fume fever Practice/Task Hard rock mining Silicosis Could you see this hazard ??? 3/3/2016 Hazards include any force that is strong enough to cause injury in an accident Terminology Exercise 1: Spot the trip hazards 3/3/2016 Solutions: Terminology HAZARD • Question: Will exposure to hazards in the workplace always cause injury, illness or other adverse health effects? 3/3/2016 Terminology RISK ??? Risk: chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard Example: the risk of developing cancer from smoking cigarette Terminology RISK ??? Influence factors of risk include: • how much a person is exposed to a hazardous thing or condition, • how the person is exposed (e.g., breathing in a vapour, skin contact), and • how severe are the effects under the conditions of exposure 3/3/2016 Terminology HAZARD AND RISK ??? • Hazard: the possible consequences (e.g., lung cancer, emphysema and heart disease from cigarette smoking) • A Risk: a probability or likelihood of developing a disease or getting injured Exercise 2: Hazard recognition What’s wrong with this picture?  Do not overextend or twist body  Use proper techniques lifting  Ask for assistance in lifting heavy items  Use proper posture while working 10 3/3/2016 Incident Ratio Model – Theory Most Accident Investigations Conducted Heinrich’s Serious Injury or Death 29 Minor Injury Few Investigations Conducted 300 Biggest percentage of injury causing potential! Near Miss 3,000 Unsafe Acts, Behaviors or Conditions 21 Terminology What is PPE ??? • Equipment that creates a barrier against workplace hazards • Examples include hard hats, goggles, gloves, and hearing protection • A temporary measure 11 3/3/2016 Terminology Examples of PPE Welding helmet Full face shield Safety harness Anti vibration gloves Cut-resistant Gloves Ear plug Terminology WHAT IS UNSAFE ACT ??? Unsafe act – performance of a task or other activity that is conducted in a manner that may threaten the health and/or safety of workers 12 3/3/2016 Terminology UNSAFE ACT Terminology UNSAFE ACT What is wrong ??? 13 3/3/2016 Terminology UNSAFE CONDITION ??? ACT  Condition Terminology UNSAFE CONDITION ??? Examples - Inadaquate guards or barrier - Congestion for restricted action - Poor house keeping - Hazardous environment condition - Noise exposures 14 3/3/2016 Electricity and Water is a Dangerous Combination 29 Terminology UNSAFE ACT or UNSAFE CONDITION ??? Does the picture show that the man is performing an unsafe act or that the man is working in unsafe condition? 15 3/3/2016 Exercise 3: Hazard and unsafe act recognition What’s wrong with this picture? Exercise 3: Hazard and unsafe act recognition What’s wrong with this picture? 16 3/3/2016 Where have we been so far? - Accidnent - Near miss - Hazard - Risk - Unsafe Act - Unsafe condition - PPE What Next?: Labor safety 17