Construction Superintendent’s Operations Manual ABOUT THE AUTHOR Sidney M Levy is an independent construction industry consultant with more than 40 years of experience in the field He is the author of numerous books on construction methods and operations, including Design-Build Project Delivery, Construction Databook, and Project Management in Construction, all available from McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2008, 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use Construction Superintendent’s Operations Manual Sidney M Levy Second Edition New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2008, 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher 0-07-160112-0 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-150241-6 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069 TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work Use of this work is subject to these terms Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill and its licensors not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise DOI: 10.1036/0071502416 Professional Want to learn more? 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If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here For more information about this title, click here Contents Preface xiii List of Form Letters Contents of the CD xv xix Chapter A Construction Industry Snapshot Union versus Nonunion Shops and Other Labor Trends A Risky Business Developing Trends in the Construction Industry The Organization Changes in the subcontracting industry Human Resources—The Workforce The growing female workforce Project Delivery Systems Technology Productivity Quality Control Safety The Green Building and Sustainability Movement Accelerates The Project Superintendent’s Role Chapter Construction Contracts and How They Are Administered The American Institute of Architects Contract Updates The Letter of Intent The Most Prevalent Types of Construction Contract Cost of the Work Plus a Fee Cost to be reimbursed as defined by A111 Costs not to be reimbursed per A111 Pitfalls for the superintendent to avoid when administering a cost-plus contract without a GMP The saga of a cost-plus fit-up project The Stipulated or Lump-Sum Contract Pitfalls to avoid when supervising a lump-sum or stipulated-sum contract Addressing Material Price increases in Stipulated/Lump-Sum Contracts 1 3 5 7 11 11 12 14 14 15 16 17 17 20 21 23 v vi Contents The Cost-Plus-Fee Contract with a Guaranteed Maximum Price Pitfalls to avoid when administering a GMP contract Construction manager contracts CM contracts—a two-part arrangement The construction manager and the preconstruction phase CM fees Pitfalls to avoid when administering a construction manager contract Design-Build The bridging contract The contract to form the design-build team—the teaming agreement A contract between owner and design-builder Owner concerns during construction The Joint Venture Agreement Turnkey Contracts Contracts with Government Agencies The notice to proceed in a public works project Public works provisions that can affect subcontractor negotiations Change Order Clauses in Government Contracts—Enrichment and Betterments Looking for Those Onerous Provisions in the Contract with the Owner Bonds and Insurance Three Basic Types of Bonds The bid bond Payment bonds Performance bonds Some Bond Terminology Other Types of Bonds Federal agencies and bonds The letter of credit Subcontractor Bonds Required by General Contractors Subcontractor Default Insurance—a Bond or Insurance? Insurance Commercial general liability Contractor’s professional liability insurance Contractor’s pollution liability insurance (CPL) Umbrella coverage Builders risk insurance Owner- or contractor-controlled-insurance programs—OCIP and CIP Workers compensation insurance Glossary of Insurance Terms 24 28 29 29 30 32 32 34 34 35 35 35 36 36 37 37 37 40 41 43 43 43 43 43 44 44 45 45 45 46 46 46 47 47 47 47 47 48 48 Chapter General Conditions of the Construction Contract 51 Article 1—General Provisions: The Contract Documents Article 2—Owner Article 3—Contractor Article 4—Administration of the Contract Article 5—Subcontractors Article 6—Construction by Owner or by Separate Contractors Article 7—Changes in the Work Article 8—Time Article 9—Payments and Completion Article 10—Protection of Persons and Property Article 11—Insurance and Bonds 52 52 53 54 55 56 56 57 58 59 59 Contents Article 12—Uncovering and Correction of Work Article 13—Tests and Inspections Article 14—Termination or Suspension of the Contract The 1987 Edition of AIA A201 AIA Document A201CMa—General Conditions of the Contract for Construction, Construction Manager-Adviser Edition Associated General Contractors’ Version of General Conditions between Owner and Contractor—AGC Document No 200 The general conditions of the engineers joint contract documents committee vii 60 60 60 60 61 62 64 Chapter Organizing the Project—Before and During Construction 65 The Preproject Handoff Meeting Organizing the Job in the Office Coping with Addenda Job Files The chronological file Rereading the Specifications Quick Review of Closeout Requirements Changes in CSI’s MasterFormat® The new Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) MasterFormat® Submission of a Schedule of Values Reviewing Allowance and Alternate Items Included in the Owner’s Contract Allowances Alternates Shop Drawings and the Shop Drawing Log Abbreviations and acronyms referred to in the specifications Inspections and Testing Job Scheduling The bar or Gantt chart Critical path method The Importance of Float and Who Owns It 65 66 68 71 71 71 73 73 73 74 Chapter Organizing in the Field The Site Logistics Plan Setting Up the Field Office Visitor control Did you remember to bring or order everything you need? Don’t let filing get away from you The daily log and its function Organizing Subcontractor Meetings Management by walking around Coordination—a prime topic for the subcontractor meeting Other subcontractor meeting requirements The kickoff subcontractor meeting Walking the job before the subcontractor meeting Monthly project reviews The request for information (RFI) and request for clarification (RFC) Preparing for project closeout Problem solving 74 74 78 78 85 86 87 90 93 95 97 97 99 99 100 100 102 104 104 105 105 106 111 116 120 124 127 viii Contents Learning Effective Time Management Blunder 1—Inability to deal with drop-in visitors Blunder 2—Lack of priorities Blunder 3—Inability to control telephone conversations Blunder 4—The electronics trap Blunder 5—Reluctance to delegate Blunder 6—The cluttered desk syndrome Blunder 7—Procrastination Blunder 8—The need to achieve perfection Blunder 9—Attempting to too much Blunder 10—Inability to say no Chapter Working with Subcontractors Negotiating with Subcontractors to Avoid Disagreements Review of the Subcontract Agreement to Become Familiar with Its Contents Verifying agreement with the subcontractor’s field supervisor Compliance with Schedule Requirements Notice of nonperformance Notice to correct Disputed Work or Interpretation of Contract Scope—RFIs and RFCs Safety Issues Job Cleaning and Subcontract Provisions to Enforce This Task A project cleaning checklist Change Orders and the Subcontractor Requests by owner Requests by the general contractor Requests by the subcontractor Subcontractor claims for extra work where there is no owner reimbursement Time and Material Work—Pitfalls to Avoid A daily ticket checklist The superintendent’s limited authority to approve T&M work Limiting exposure to damages for delay claims When the Contract Is a Cost Plus or a Cost Plus with a GMP Reviewing hourly rates The unemployment tax question Establishing some ground rules for T&M work Protocol for change order, T&M, premium work Third-Party Subcontractors and the Lien Waiver Problem Damage to the Subcontractor’s Work or Damage to Work of Others by the Subcontractor The subcontractor quality control process The weekly subcontractor meeting Preparing Meaningful Meeting Minutes Backcharges—The Right and Wrong Ways to Deal with Them Reviewing The Subcontractor’s Requisition Subcontractor’s request for payment for off-site storage of materials The importance of recognizing second- and third-tier subcontractors Chapter Dealing With Difficult Issues at the Construction Site Site-Related Problems The geotechnical report and its ambiguities Two critical phrases and words 128 131 132 133 135 136 138 139 140 141 143 145 146 153 153 154 156 158 162 166 168 170 173 176 184 186 187 190 191 193 194 194 195 195 197 197 198 199 199 200 200 202 202 203 207 209 209 210 211 Useful Tables and Formulas 435 436 Appendix E Useful Tables and Formulas 437 438 Appendix E Useful Tables and Formulas 439 This page intentionally left blank Index Acceleration, 231–235 communication with owner, 234, 235 defined, 231, 232 demand for acceleration, 231 documenting, 234 problems it creates, 232–234 subcontractor claims, 233–234 Addenda, 68, 69, 70–71 Administration of the contract, 54, 55 Allowances, 26, 74, 78 Alternates, 78 American Concrete Institute (ACI), 289, 290 American Institute of Architects (AIA), 11, 15, 16, 51–64, 317, 322, 325–328 A111 costs for reimbursement, 15, 16 claims against professionals, 327, 328 contract updates, 11 general conditions document, 51–64, 322, 325 Arbitration, 63, 334, 335 Archeological concerns, 263, 266 Associated General Contractors (AGC), 23, 24, 62, 63 cost increase contract clauses, 23, 24 general conditions document, 62, 63 Attic stock, 106, 110 Backcharges, 201 subcontractors, 201 Bailment agreements, 204–206 Bar chart (Gantt chart), 90–93 Benchmarking, 292 Blunders to avoid, 131–143 Bonds, 43–46, 59, 320 bid bond, 43, 320 bond terminology, 44 federal agency bonds (Miller Act), 45 lien bond, 44 maintenance bonds, 44 payment bond, 43 performance bond, 43 subcontractor bonds, 45, 46 supply bond, 44 Bridging contracts (design-build), 34, 35 Builders risk insurance, 47 Building information modeling (BIM), 226–231 avoiding conflicts, 226–228 virtual schedules, 228–230 Bulletins, 69 Change in conditions, 215, 216 Change orders, 56, 57, 173–198, 216, 220–226 constructive changes, 216 coordinating drawings, 222–226 cost plus and GMP contracts, 194 general conditions provisions, 56, 57 hourly rates reviewing, 195–197 limited authority of superintendent, 193 lost productivity, 220–222 requests by the general contractor, 184–186 requests by the subcontractor, 173–176, 186–190 requests by owner, 176–183 time and material work, 197, 198 daily tickets, 191 pitfalls to avoid, 190, 191 Chlorinated hydrocarbons, 257 Claims and disputes, 318–336 arbitration and mediation, 334–336 ambiguities in contract language, 322 441 Copyright © 2008, 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use 442 Index Claims and disputes (Cont.): bid proposal process, 320, 321 late bids, 321 contractor’s guarantee of design, 323, 324 contradictions in contracts, 322 design-build special concerns, 331, 332 discoverable records, 330 Eichleay formula, 326 electronic records, 329 exculpatory contract language, 324, 325 inadequate drawings, 322, 323 John McShain v United States, 323 lien waivers, 334 against professionals, 327, 328 partnering, 336, 337 scheduling problems, 325, 326 Spearin doctrine, 324 unclassified sites, 328, 328 what triggers, 318–320 Close-out requirements, 73 Commercial general liability insurance, 46 Commissioning of equipment, 109, 110 special HVAC considerations, 110 Compensable delays, 217 Concurrent delays, 217 Construction industry, 1–6 globalization, number of employees, 1, project delivery systems, 5, risky business, subcontractors, Construction Management Association of America (CMAA) 29 Construction manager (CM) contracts, 29–34 construction phase, 30, 31 definition of CM, 29 fees, 32 pitfalls to avoid, 32, 33 preconstruction phase, 30, 31 reimbursable expenses, 33, 34 two part contracts, 29, 30 Construction Specification Institute (CSI), 73, 75–77 new format, 73, 75–77 Constructive changes, 216, 217 Contractor-controlled insurance program (CIP), 47 Contractor pollution liability insurance, 47 Contractor professional liability insurance, 47 Contracts, 11–65, 331, 332 basic types, 11, 14 cost of work plus a fee, 14–20 costs not reimbursed, 16 costs to be reimbursed, 16 pitfalls to avoid, 17 saga of a cost plus project, 17–20 construction manager (CM) contract, 29–34, 61, 62 construction phase, 31, 32 fees, 32 general conditions document, 61, 62 pitfalls to avoid, 32–34 preconstruction phase, 30, 31 reimbursables, 33, 34 two part arrangement, 29, 30 cost of work with guaranteed maximum price (GMP), 24–29 pitfalls to avoid, 28 pricing qualifications, 24–26 review by project super, 27, 28 when plans are 70% complete, 24 design-build, 34–36, 331, 332 the bridging contract, 34 owner concerns, 35, 36 special legal concerns, 331, 332 teaming agreement, 35 Engineers Joint Committee, 64 general conditions (AIA A201), 51–64 with government agencies, 37–41 affecting subcontractors, 37, 38 enrichments/betterments, 40, 42 limit on fees, 39, 40 joint venture, 36 letter of intent, 12–14 lump or stipulated sum, 20–24 common drawing concerns, 21 common specification concerns, 22 material price increases, 23, 24 pitfalls to avoid, 21–23 onerous provisions in owner’s contracts, 41, 42 turnkey, 36 Index 443 Coordination problems, 223–226 Cost-plus-a-fee contract, 14–24 costs not to be reimbursed, 16–17 costs to be reimbursed, 15–16 pitfalls to avoid-case study, 17–20 Criminal versus tort law, 317, 318 Critical path method (CPM) schedule, 93–95, 326 abbreviations, 94 float, 95 six basic phases, 93, 94 terminology, 94, 95 the five W’s, 340, 341 the three C’s, 339, 340 using drafts, 341 Effective time management, 128–144 ten blunders to avoid, 131–144 Eichleay formula, 326 Engineers Joint Committee contracts, 64 ENR Material Price Index, 23 Equipment commissioning, 109 Errors and omissions, 327 Excusable delays, 217 Daily log, 102–104 Delays, 194, 217–222, 328 calculating cost of, 218, 219 compensable delays, 217 concurrent delays, 217 damages due to, 194 documenting, 217, 218 excusable, 217 limiting exposure to, 194 Peter Kiewits Sons Co v Iowa Utility Co., 328 problems they cause, 217–222 Difficult site issues, 209–235, 328 change in conditions, 215, 216 constructive changes, 216 differing conditions, 211–213 steps to follow, 212, 213 geotech report ambiguities, 210 ground rules to follow, 235 owner’s counter to claim, 215 reasonableness, 210 standard of care, 211 Type I claims, 213, 214 Type II claims, 214, 215 unclassified site, 328, 329 Dispute resolution board (DRB), 63 Disputed work, 162–166 Documenting, 234, 235 Drawing coordination problems, 222–231 architect’s responsibility, 225 building information modeling, 226–231 precedence of services, 225–226 Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), 23 Effective letter writing, 339–343 basic principles, 341–343 General conditions of the construction contract, 51–64, 325, 326 administration of the contract, 54, 55 AGC document-AGC No.200, 62–64 changes in the work, 56, 57 construction manager (A210CMa), 61, 62 contractor, 53, 54 general provisions, 52 insurance/bonds, 59 owner, 52, 53, 56 separate contracts, 56 payments/completion, 58, 59 professional engineers version, 64 protection of property, 59 schedule approval, 325, 326 subcontractors, 55, 56 termination or suspension, 60 tests/inspections, 60 time, 57 uncovering of work, 60 Geotech reports, 211, 295, 296 ambiguities, 211 QA/QC approach, 295, 296 Glossary of insurance terms, 48–50 GMP contracts, 24–28 contract needs to be reviewed, 27 for fast track jobs, 24 pitfalls to avoid, 28 pricing qualifications list, 24, 25 schedule of allowances, 26 Government agency contracts, 37–41 change order clauses, 40, 41 notice to proceed, 37 444 Index Government agency contracts (Cont.): provisions affecting subcontractors, 37–40 Green buildings, Inspections and testing, 86, 106, 242, 243, 295, 297, 299–304 concrete, 297 contract requirements, 301 geotechnical issues, 295 masonry, 297 MEP testing/inspections, 300, 301 mill reports, 299 mortar mix, 299 preinstallation conference, 302–304 rehabilated buildings, 242, 243 reports, 106 sample panels/mock-ups, 304 specification requirements, 297–299, 302 structural steel, 300 subcontract work, 302 Insurance, 46–50, 59 builder’s risk, 47 commercial general liability, 46 contractor’s pollution liability, 47 contractor’s professional liability, 47 general conditions requirements, 59 glossary of insurance terms, 48–50 limits, 59 owner/contractor-controlled insurance, 47, 48 umbrella coverage, 47 workers compensation insurance, 48 International Standards Organization (ISO), 292 Job cleaning, 168–173 checklist, 170–172 Job files, 71 Joint venture contracts, 36 Kickoff subcontractor meeting, 106–116 Legal side of construction, 317–337 arbitration, 334, 335 bid proposal disputes, 320, 321 late bids, 321 claims against professionals, 327, 328 contract conflicts, 322 contractor’s design guarantee, 323, 324 design-build special concerns, 331–333 discoverable records, 330, 331 Eichleay formula, 326, 327 electronic records, 329, 330 exculpatory contract language, 324, 325 inadequate drawings, 322, 323 mechanics liens, 333, 334 lien waivers, 334 mediation, 335 partnering, 336, 337 scheduling problems, 325, 326 Spearin doctrine, 324 tort vs criminal law, 317, 318 triggers for claims, 318–320 unclassified site, 328, 329 Letter of credit, 45 Liens, 198, 199, 333, 334 mechanic’s liens, 333, 334 rules for filing, 333 subcontractors, 198, 334 third-party subcontractors, 198 waivers, 198, 199 Lost productivity, 220–222 Lump sum or stipulated sum contract, 20–23 common drawing shortcomings, 21, 22 common specification shortcomings, 22 pitfalls to avoid, 21 price increases, 23 Managing effectively, 104, 106–111, 116–119, 127–143 monthly project reviews, 116–119 organizing the kickoff meeting, 106–111 problem solving, 127 ten blunders to avoid, 131–143 time management, 128–130 by walking around, 104, 111 Material safety data sheets (MSDS), 111 Measured mile, 220 Mechanic’s liens, 333, 334 Mediation, 334, 335 Mold, 257–266 environmental audits, 261 glossary of terms, 261 most common indoor fungi, 259 Index personal protective equipment, 260, 261 remediating building materials, 264–266 water damage cleanup, 262, 263 Monthly project reviews, 116–120 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Negotiating with subcontractors, 146–156 Nonperformance by subcontractor, 156–158 Notice to correct, 158–162 Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), 267–275, 277, 280, 281 eye injuries, 269, 270 four dangerous situations, 270–272 material safety data sheets, 277 metrification, 272–274 most frequent violations, 268, 269 what to when an inspector arrives, 280–281 Onerous provisions in owner’s contracts, 41, 42 Operation and maintenance (O&M) manuals, 108 Owner, 47, 48, 52, 53 owner-controlled insurance program (OCIP), 47, 48 Paleontological concerns, 263, 266 Partnering, 336, 337 Payment bonds, 43 Performance bonds, 43 Peter Kiewits SonsCo v Iowa Utility Co., 328 Preconstruction survey, 244 Preproject handoff meeting, 65, 66 Productivity, 7, 220–222 court cases relating to, 221 lost productivity concerns, 220, 221 methods to measure, 219, 220 Project close-out, 106–111, 124–127 checklist, 126, 127 kickoff meeting, 106–111 Project delivery systems, 5, Project organization, 65–145 allowances, 74 alternates, 78 change orders, 119 445 coping with addenda, 68–71 versus bulletins, 68, 69 how problems can arise, 70 in the field, 97–144 daily log, 102–104 importance of filing, 100–102 manage by walking around, 104 the handoff meeting, 65, 66 inspections and testing, 86 job files, 71 the chronological file, 71 monthly reviews, 116–119 site logistic plan, 97–99 subcontractor meetings, 104–116 organizing in the office, 66–68 request for information (RFI), 120–124, 162–166 achieve clarity, 122, 123 interpretation of contract, 162–166 scheduling, 87–95, 119 bar or Gantt chart, 90–92 baseline, 88 CPM, 93–95 float-importance, 95 milestone schedule, 87, 88 shop drawings, 78–85 specifications, 71, 73, 75–77 change in CSI format, 73, 75–77 close-out requirements, 73 re-reading them, 71, 72 Project superintendent, 9, 10, 99, 104–116 coordination-a prime topic, 105 management by walking around, 104 organizing subcontractor’s meetings, 104–116 role, 9, 10 setting up the field office, 99 Punch list, 305–311 dealing with subcontractors, 308, 309 electronic aids, 307, 308 prepunch list, 306, 307 produce a clean site, 305 qualifies as QA/QC, 305 tips to reduce punch list, 309 warranty or punch items, 309, 310 Quality control, 7, 199, 289–316 American Concrete Institute, 289, 290 446 Index Quality control (Cont.): benchmarking, 292 construction QC plan, 311, 312, 315, 316 contract requirements, 301 electronic aids, 307–309 geotech engineer, 295, 296 kickoff meeting, 293–295 International Standards Organization, 292, 293 MEP testing and inspections, 300, 301 mill reports, 299, 300 mock-ups, 304 mortar mixes, 298 preconstruction conference, 302–304 punch list, 305–307 clean the site, 305 prepunch the building, 306, 307 tips to reduce punch list, 309 Six Sigma, 291, 292 specification requirements, 302 subcontractors, 199, 200, 302 testing and inspections, 295 tips, 315, 316 total quality management (TQM), 291 Rehabilitation of older buildings, 237–266 cutting and patching, 243 dimensional concerns-case study, 247–250 existing conditions, 247 hazardous materials, 252–260 archeological remains, 263, 266 asbestos, 252, 253 environmental audits, 261 glossary of terms, 261 lead paint, 253–256 mold, 257–260 personal protective equipment, 260 PCBs, VOCs, 256, 257 inspection tips, 242–244 on-site inspections, 242, 243 preconstruction survey, 244–245 problem areas, 246, 247 safety concerns, 245–247 varying conditions, 250 water leaks, 251 before the wrecking ball arrives, 240–242 checklist, 240, 241 Request for information (RFI), 120–124, 330 Requisitions, 202–207 payment for off-site storage, 203–208 bailment agreements, 205, 206 reviewing subcontractor’s, 202–207 Safety, 7, 166–168, 245–247, 267–288 age as a factor, 275 developing a safety program, 276, 278–280 enforcement, 278–280 forms for safety program, 281–288 hazardous materials, 277 MSDS, 277 OSHA, 267–275 assistance to deal with dangerous situations, 270–272 eye injuries, 269, 270 metric ventures, 272–275 most frequent violations, 268, 269 when an inspector arrives, 280–281 rehabilitation of older buildings, 245–247 subcontractors, 166–168 tool box talks, 278 Sarbanes-Oxley Act of, 2002, 330 Schedule of values, 74 Schedules, 87–95, 154, 155 bar or Gantt chart, 90–92 baseline, 88 CPM, 93–95 float-importance, 95 job scheduling, 87–90 milestone, 87, 88 subcontractor, compliance with, 154, 156 Shop drawings, 78–85 contract obligations, 84 information copies, 83 log, 78–82 procedures, 78 subcontractor’s review, 82, 83 submittals, 78, 79 Site logistics plan, 97–99 Site-related problems, 209–212, 215–220 change in conditions, 215, 216 delays, 217–220 differing conditions, 211–213 Index geotechnical report, 210 Type I and Type II claims, 213–215 Six Sigma, 291, 292 Small tools, 195 Spearin doctrine, 324 Specifications, 71, 72, 85, 86 abbreviations/acronyms, 85, 86 Standard of care, 211 Subcontractors, 45, 55, 56, 46, 104–116, 145–207, 233, 234 acceleration claims, 233, 234 backcharges, 202 bonds, 45, 46 change orders, 173–186 delay claims, 194 general conditions contract, 55, 56 protocol for change order work, 197, 198 requests by general contractor, 184–190 requests by owner, 176–183 requests by subcontractor, 186, 190 reviewing hourly labor rates, 195, 196 unemployment tax, 195, 196 T&M work-pitfalls to avoid, 190–193 authority to approve, 193 daily checklist, 191–193 when contract is cost plus or GMP, 194, 195 damage to work, 199 default insurance, 46 discussions of coordination, 105 disputed work, 162–165 industry changes, 3, job cleaning, 168–173 checklist, 170–173 lien waivers—third party, 198, 199 meetings, 200, 201 negotiating to avoid disagreements, 146 non-performance, 156–158 notice to correct, 158–161 organizing meetings, 104, 105–116 kickoff meeting, 106–111 walking job beforehand, 111 quality control process, 199, 200 reviewing agreement prior to start of work, 153, 154 447 verifying agreement with sub, 153, 154 reviewing subcontractor requisitions, 202–206 off-site material storage, 203–204 safety issues, 166–168 second-/third-tier subcontractors, 207 schedule requirements, 154, 155 third-party subcontractors, 198 weekly meetings, 200–202 preparing the minutes, 200, 201 Sustainability, Teaming agreements (design-build), 35 Technology, Testing and inspections, 60, 295, 297, 298–301 general conditions requirements, 60 mill reports, 299, 300 mortar mixes, 298 MEP testing, 300, 301 as part of QA/QC, 297, 298 Time and material work, 190–193, 195–198 checklist, 191, 192 limited ability to authorize, 193 pitfalls to avoid, 190–191 protocols to follow, 197, 198 verify hourly rates, 195–197 Total cost approach, 219, 220 modified total cost, 219 Total quality management (TQM), 291 Turnkey contracts, 36 Unclassified site, 328, 329 Uncovering of the work, 60 Union shops, Visitor control, 99 Warranties/guarantees, 109, 110 special HVAC warranties, 110 Weekly meetings, 200–202 meaningful minutes, 200–202 Worker compensation insurance, 48 Workforce, 1, 4, females in the industry, Pew Hispanic Center studies, union vs nonunion, This page intentionally left blank DVD WARRANTY This software is protected by both United States copyright law and international copyright treaty provision You must treat this software just 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of a construction. .. quality The Construction Superintendent s Operations Manual, Second Edition, contains the basic information every project superintendent needs, from interpreting and administering the complex construction. . .Construction Superintendent s Operations Manual ABOUT THE AUTHOR Sidney M Levy is an independent construction industry consultant with more than