America until end of 19 1

AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS Asiatic migrations through Beringia Strait (12,000 BC) AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS Asiatic migrations through Beringia Strait (12,000 BC) AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS Vasco de Gama 1-EUROPEAN FAUDALISM TRANFORMED TO CAPITALISM 1790 - 1860’s  Communication: ◦ 1844: Telegraph and Morse code invented by Samuel F B Morse  speed up communication 2nd phase: 1870’s - 1900  Steel industry: ◦ New Process  Steel is cheaper, more available and of higher quality  improvement in transportation, building, etc ◦ 1880‘s: Elevator and structural steel for buildings  the first ―skyscraper‖  Electricity: ◦ Expansion in the use of electricity ◦ Communication: 1876, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone ◦ Electric generator: invented in 1890‘s  contributed to modern household items (refrigerators, washing machines); replaced water and steam powered engines 2nd phase: 1870’s - 1900  The internal combustion engine: ◦ First introduced in 1878, powered by gas and air  impractical for widespread public use ◦ Liquid fuels (petroleum) were introduced  the development of automobiles and airplanes IMPACTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Interest of science  The revolution made way for inventors  Inventions that aided the people to spread news quicker and more precisely presented another positive to society  Production shifted from basic hand tools to advanced powered machinery, and mass production goods in big volumes and increased the industry's growth to unprecedented levels  A new development occurred which allowed electricity to be used effectively  allow the first multinational companies to be established,  later promote the electrification of cities  The revolution made way for inventors  Inventions that aided the people to spread news quicker and more precisely presented another positive to society  Patent law developed  Paved the way for different other technological advancements that we get to enjoy in today's world Standard of Living  Electricity: electricity became an improvement in people‘s domestic lives, social lives, working routine, and productivity levels  Transportation revolution: to transformed the way people lived, traveled and worked  Communication Revolution: dramatically altered the way of communication, trade, business and exchanging ideas in the world  Much higher standard of living  The industry required a large number of workers  Millions of new immigrants from Western countries  Americans migrated from rural area to cities Urbanization  Overcrowded cities, poor housing; terrible sanitation; disease; violence… Work Concept  Women joining workforce: ◦ Women were equally useful compared to men, and factory owners soon started hiring women and children over men ◦ Early 1800‘s: women made up 1/3 of the workforce  Child labor: Great demand for labor  children were put to work ◦ Young children (from years old): employed to work with heavy machinery in textile mills and coalmines Work Concept  Poor working conditions: ◦ Jobs: long hours and little pay ◦ Factories: extremely strict regulations ◦ Workers: treated badly by bosses; no suitable protection ◦ Horrible accidents happened  Labor unions were formed  Set the precedent for the industrious work ethics of today's work force Political Corruption  Political corruption: ◦ Gilded Age politics were dominated by corruption, as politicians took bribes and rewarded their supporters with posh government jobs ◦ Political machines: provided support for people in exchange for votes ◦ Political scandals: bribe, cheat, steal, etc US Made Power  By the late19th century, the US had become a leading global industrial power, building on new technologies (such as the telegraph and steel), an expanding railroad network, and abundant natural resources such as coal, timber, oil and farmland  The industrial revolution gradually grew to include the chemical industries, petroleum refining and distribution, electrical industries, and in 20th century, the automotive industries and was marked by a transition of technological leadership from Britain to the US and Germany INDUSTRIALIZED AMERICA -The civil war (1861-1865) enable the capitalism to take advantages in the whole country and develop rapidly -The America transform from the rank of 4th in industrial products in the world of 1860s to be the champion in 1894 (The products was twice as much as of England and was as much as a half of all the Europe) -America took advantages of the victories of the great capitalist, cheap price of labors, resources from exploring and colonizing the Western parts and expanding of interior markets John Davison Rockefeller Rockefeller as an industrial emperor, 1901 -Different from England, France, Spain… the American capital was mostly to invest in domestic productions -The economic crisis led to the making of huge cooperation, of which there were two: the Rockefeller and the Morgan Morgan's role in the economy was denounced as overpowering John Pierpont Morgan INDUSTRIALIZED AMERICA -The victories in civil war (1861-1865) brought the civilian's right to African American, but put them in poverty and being plundered by capitalism companies -The Republican and Democratic parties govern the nation Both protected the benefit for capitalist -The America began their desire of spreading to the Western part, some of the neighbors and other colonies in the World -In 1866, 1867, 1871 the America tried to get involve in Korea, then in 1882, used military forces to threaten and force Korea to sign the imbalance treatment which enable the America to trade in of Korea ports, to put America diplomatic representatives in Korea and have special rights in Korea -1878,America invaded Samoa and place their military basis in Samoa INDUSTRIALIZED AMERICA -1875 the US forced Hawaii to remover influences of commercial relation with England and France 1893, Hawaii was put under influence and protection of the US Hawaii was then integrated as an interior land of the US -1898 the US involved in a war with Spain, and gained victory after months In December of 1898 the US gained the Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam -This was the first war of the world to re-devide colonies -1989,The US and other Western countries gained special rights in China -The US managed to expand influences in Latin America (Mexico, Columbia, San Domingo, Nicaragua…) ... DEVELOPMENT UNTIL 15 TH CENTURY 2-DEVELOMEN IN SHIP BUILDING TECHNIQUES 3-DONATION FROM ROYAL FAMILIES THE DISCOVERY OF THE AMERICA CONTINENT THE DISCOVERY OF THE AMERICA CONTINENT Zheng He (13 71 14 33)... 4-THE NEED OF TRADING RISE 5-EUROPEAN AND THE WORLD TRADING SYSTEM RISE OF OTTMAN EMPIRE Ottoman – Polish war RISE OF OTTOMAN EMPIRE Ottoman – Hungarian war RISE OF OTTMAN EMPIRE (14 51) 6-MUSLIM... DREAMS AND AMBITIONS OF THE WEATHY EAST 8-EUROPEAN DREAMS AND AMBITIONS OF THE WEATHY EAST 8-EUROPEAN DREAMS AND AMBITIONS OF THE WEATHY EAST 1- TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT UNTIL 15 TH CENTURY Solar System