Organizational behavior 7e by luthans chap013

Chapter Thirteen Effective Leadership Processes McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Learning Objectives • Define leadership • Present the background and classic studies of leadership • Discuss the traditional theories of leadership, including the trait, group and exchange, contingency, and path-goal approaches • Identify modern theoretical processes for leadership, such as charismatic, transformational, social cognitive, substitutes, and now authentic leadership • Examine leadership across cultures giving special attention to the GLOBE project Introduction • Leadership is the focus and conduit of most of the other areas of organizational behavior What is Leadership? • Has been controversial in terms of its definition – Leadership does remain pretty much of a “black box,” or unexplainable concept What is Leadership? Continued • Characteristics of managers versus leaders Historically Important Studies on Leadership • Iowa leadership studies – Designed primarily to examine patterns of aggressive behavior • Ohio State leadership studies – Started with the premise that no satisfactory definition of leadership existed • Early Michigan leadership studies – Studies of leadership Traditional Theories of Leadership • Trait theories of leadership – Five-factor model: “Big Five” personality traits • From traits to states and skills development – Focused on skill development besides traits Traditional Theories of Leadership Continued • Group and exchange theories of leadership – Followers’ impact on leaders – Leader-member exchange (LMX) model Traditional Theories of Leadership Continued • Three domains of leadership – Leader-based – Follower-based – Relationship-based Traditional Theories of Leadership Continued • Contingency theory of leadership – Fielder’s contingency model of leadership effectiveness • Leader-member relationship • Degree of task structure • Leader’s position power Traditional Theories of Leadership Continued – Fielder’s contingency model of leadership effectiveness (continued) Traditional Theories of Leadership Continued • Contingency theory of leadership (continued) – Research support for the contingency model • Methodologically sound validation studies have on the whole provided substantial support for the theory – Fielder’s contingency theory in perspective • First highly visible leadership theory • Emphasized the importance of both the situation and characteristics • Stimulated a great deal of research Traditional Theories of Leadership Continued • Path-goal leadership theory – Directive leadership – Supportive leadership – Participative leadership – Achievement-oriented leadership Traditional Theories of Leadership Continued • Path-goal leadership theory (continued) Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership • Charismatic leadership theories Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Transformational leadership theory Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Social cognitive approach Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Substitutes for leadership – Subordinate characteristics – Task characteristics – Organizational characteristics Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Authentic leadership Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Leadership across cultures – Personal Values – Backgrounds of the managers – Interpersonal skills Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Project GLOBE and the future of international leadership studies – Identified cultural dimension • • • • • • • • • Power distance Uncertainty avoidance Humane orientation Institutional Collectivism In-Group Collectivism Assertiveness Gender egalitarianism Future orientation Performance orientation Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Project GLOBE and the future of international leadership studies (continued) – Six leader attributes • • • • • • Charismatic/ value-base Team-oriented Participative Humane-oriented Autonomous Self-protective Questions ... project Introduction • Leadership is the focus and conduit of most of the other areas of organizational behavior What is Leadership? • Has been controversial in terms of its definition – Leadership... on Leadership • Iowa leadership studies – Designed primarily to examine patterns of aggressive behavior • Ohio State leadership studies – Started with the premise that no satisfactory definition... Leadership Continued • Substitutes for leadership – Subordinate characteristics – Task characteristics – Organizational characteristics Modern Theoretical Processes of Leadership Continued • Authentic