246 câu NGỮ PHÁP từ đề cô DƯƠNG THỊ HƯƠNG image marked image marked

- Mệnh đề quan hệ Relative clauses là mệnh đề phụ dùng để giải thích rõ hơn về danh từ đứng trước nó.. - Mệnh đề quan hệ thường được nối với mệnh đề chính bằng các đại từ quan hệ relativ

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BÀI TẬP NGỮ PHÁP

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1: It gets _ when the winter is coming.

A cold and cold B cold and colder C more and more cold D colder and colder Question 2: If people paid more attention to the environment, the Earth _ greener.

A would be B will be C would have been D had been

Question 3: Nobody comes there, _ ?

Question 4: That book is about the people in Samoa for two years.

C among whom she lived D where she lived among them

Question 5: When the first child was bom, they married for three years.

Question 6: This girl doesn’t reveal much about herself, and is fascinating for it.

ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG 2019 – CÔ DƯƠNG THỊ HƯƠNG – MEGABOOK – ĐỀ SỐ 1

Question 7: They _ actions to stop the blaze spreading However, they didn’t do that.

Question 8: When Tim was a child, there _ a park near his house.

Question 9: _ in the Middle East, oil became known as black gold because of the large profit it

brought

Question 10 He has just bought a _ schoolbag.

Question 11: They were extremely tired at the end of the journey because they for more

than 24 hours

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A have travelled B have been travelling

Question 12: The fireworks festival is event that we all want to watch it.

Question 13: I thought the party _ really well.

Question 14: He denied _ the window of the classroom.

Question 15: The government is aiming _ a 40% reduction _ unemployment.

Question 16: David does not have _ Peter does.

Question 17: The president came _ a lot of criticism for the speech he made in a television

interview

Question 18: They will be staying here for _ few weeks.

Question 19: I think jeans will not go _ of style soon.

Question 20: He joined the English club, _ were over 50 years old.

Question 21: Mr Huy received a warning for speeding He _ so fast.

Question 22 The father said to his daughter: “When you’ve finished lunch, I’ll _ you back to

school in the car When school’s finished I’ll come to the school and _ you back home.”

A take - bring B bring - bring C bring - take D take -take

Question 23 I locked the door of my room all day yesterday to avoid _.

A disturbing B being disturbed C to disturb D to be disturbed

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Question 24: He was the last man _the meeting room.

Question 25: Clothing made of plastic fibers has some certain advantages over _ made of

natural fibers

Question 26: Whenever I visited her, my grandmother _ my favorite cake for me.

A would make B use to make C would have made D have made

Question 27: He was injured after jumping _ the wall yesterday.

Question 28: As a small child, he was used to _ alone in the house for several hours.

Question 29: Nowadays, many serious childhood diseases _ by early immunization.

A prevent B can prevent C can be prevented D are preventing

Question 30 _ winter I spent in _ USA was one of _ best in my life.

A A/ a/ the B The/ the/ a C The/ - / the D The/ the/ the

Question 31: Kelly and Tim persuaded me _ the party.

Question 32: There were many politicians at the meeting, several of _ were very young.

Question 33: Tim didn’t do his homework, so the teacher became very angry He _ his

homework

A must have done B should have done C might have D will have done

Question34 Tim was disappointed because he _ for the train for two hours.

A was waiting B waited C has been waiting D had been waiting Question 35 Everybody thinks that the play last night was very successful, _ ?

Question 36: Over the years, he gradually became impervious _ about his wife’s comments

about his chosen profession and in the end she stopped complaining

Question 37: Hoa hoped _to join the club She could make friends with many people here.

A being invited B to invite C to be invited D inviting

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Question 38: An endangered species is a species _population is so small that it is in danger of

becoming extinct

Question 39 _ over long distances is a fact that everyone knows.

A That electricity transmitting B That electricity can be transmitted

Question 40: Your sister seldom cooks meals, _?

Question 41: Yesterday, I _ a serious accident while I _ on the beach.

C was seeing / walked D have seen / were walking

Question 42 On my birthday, my mother gave me a _.

Question 43 Tim told Daisy that he _ he film three times.

Question 44: _, he received a big applause.

A Finishing his presentation B His presentation has been finished

C After he finishes his presentation D When finished his speech

Question 45: Governments should _ some international laws against terrorism.

Question 46: The size and shape of a nail depend primarily on the function _intended.

A which it is B for which it is C which it is for D for which is

Question 47 we have!

C How awful the weather D What an awful weather

Question 48 I think that married couples should be financially independent _their parents.

Question 49 Many ambulances took _ injured to a nearby hospital.

Question 50: All _ we had been told turned out to be untrue.

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A that B which C what D where

Question 51: _no taxi, they had to walk home.

Question 52: There has been little rain in this region for several months, _?

Question 53: Her car needs _.

Question 54 To _ should I write if I want to make a complaint?

Question 55 _ his good work and manners, he didn’t get a promotion.

A Because of B In spite of C Even though D As a result of

Question 56: Genetically, the chimpanzee is more similar to humans _.

A are than any other animal B than any other animal

C any other animal is D and any other animal is

Question 57: When the weather was very hot in summer, sales of bottles of water went _the

roof

Question 58: If we leave here now, we can drive half the distance before we stop _lunch.

Question 59: He lifted the phone receiver, _slightly.

A his hands trembling B his hands were trembling

Question 60: No matter _, he was an accomplished composer while still a child.

A how it seems remarkable B how remarkable it seems

C it seems remarkable how D how seems it remarkable

Question 61: Such a doctor _retire from his job before the retirement age.

Question 62: By 1820, there were over sixty steamboats on the Mississippi river, _ were quite

luxurious

A which many B many of them C many of which D many that

Question 63: We put his success _his efforts.

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Question 64 Linda had a problem with her finances, so we talked _.

Question 65: Can you tell me who is responsible _luggage?

Question 66: Not only _ the exam but she also got a scholarship.

A did she pass B she passed C she has passed D has she passed

Question 67: Rarely have I visited _ Bangkok, the capital of Thailand.

A as a beautiful city as B as beautiful a city as

C as beautiful as the city D as a city as beautiful as

Question 68 I read the essay again and again _ avoiding making spelling mistakes.

A in terms of B by means of C with a view to D in view of

Question 69 Not until a monkey is several years old _ to exhibit signs of independence from

its mother

Question 70: How can the manager act _nothing had happened?

Question 71: She used to work here as a nurse, _she?

Question 72: Okay, I _ the tickets if you buy the drinks.

Question 73: If you are _ with your goods, contact us within a week of receipt, and we will

refund your money in full

A not completely satisfied C not completely satisfactory

B not completely satisfying D not satisfied completely

Question 74: I don’t remember _ of your decision to change our plan.

Question 75: I would sooner you _your phone in the meeting.

A shouldn’t have used B shouldn’t use C not to use D didn’t use

Question 76: Never in my life _ such an intelligent boy.

A I have met B I haven’t met C have I met D haven’t I met

Question 77 We have a party tonight and Mary is worried about _.

A what to wear B which wearing C these wearing D that she wearing

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Question 78 The girl proposed that their group leader _a camping trip.

Question 79: It was _we couldn’t stop laughing.

A such a funny story that B so a funny story that

C a very funny story that D so a laughing story that

Question 80: How well people remember things _on many different factors.

Question 81: In most _developed countries, over 50% of _ population attends higher

education at some time in their lives

Question 82: I walked away as calmly as I could _, they would have thought I was a thief.

Question 83: After the flood, all the drains were overflowing _ storm water.

Question 84: The total cost to renovate the building was $20 million, _ double the original

estimate

Question 85: After my husband _ his work, he went straight home.

A would finish B has finished C had finished D was finishing

Question 86: On hearing that she failed the entrance exam, Hanh couldn’t help _ into tears.

Question 87: My friend _ for 4 hours before he arrives.

A will be driving B had driven C will have been driven D will have been driving Question 88: My lawyer advised me _ anything further about the accident

Question 89 I have been to Da Nang city _ of time

Question 90 You won’t pass the exam _ you study hard

Question 91 Not only _ well but she also dances perfectly.

A does she sing B she sings C she can sing D can sing

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Question 92: I’d have been able to say goodbye to Peter if only _ to the airport in time.

Question 93: Although he _ to Mark Twain, I think his books are unique.

A often has been compared B has often compared

C has often been compared D has been often comparing

Question 94: He denied _ part in the fighting at school.

Question 95: Had you told me that she was going to drop out of college, I _ it.

C would have never believed D can’t believe

Question 96: He’s not breathing He _

A must die B must be dead C must have dead D must not dead Question 97: My sister went _ the competition and won the first prize.

Question 98 The trip to the UK was very expensive _ , it was worth every penny.

Question 99: If I didn’t have a mobile phone, my life _ complete.

A would not have been B will be not C would not be D will not be

Question 100: I went to university with a very important person, _ Bill Clinton.

Question 101: She’d rather I _ to the party with her yesterday.

Question 102 Some people _ to the party were late because of thick fog.

Question 103 Mr Hung in the army from 1970 to 1980.

A has served B had been serving C had served D served

Question 104: There is no answer when I ring him He _ the office already.

A needn’t have left B should have left C can’t have left D must have left Question 105: The last of these reasons is _ the most important.

Question 106: They have lived next door to us for years _ we hardly ever see them.

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Question 107: The more you study during semester, _ the week before the exam.

A you have to study the less B the less you have to study

C the least you have to study D the study less you have

Question 108: I know you feel bad now, Jimmy, but try to put it out of your mind By the time you’re an

adult, you _ all about it

A forget B will be forgetting C will have forgotten D are forgetting

Question 109: They live on a busy road _ a lot of noise from traffic.

A It must be B There must be C There must have D It must have been Question 110: Nobody says a word about that accident, _?

Question 111: The headmaster says that the laboratory in our school next semester.

A will be building B will build C are being built D will be built

Question 112: Mike won five medals at the competition His parents _ very proud of him.

A could have been B can’t have C can’t be D must have been

Question 113: My English teacher, Mrs Brown, was the person _ I had great respect.

Question 114: _ make a good impression on him.

A Only by doing so can I B Only so doing can I

C Only by doing so I can D Only by so doing I can

Question 115: The authorities recommend that the meeting _ next Monday.

Question 116: _ the salesman promised to exchange the detective CD player for a new

one, they insisted on getting a refund

Question 117: Many years ago, black children were _ to discrimination in many schools.

A subjective B subject C subjecting D to be subjected

Question 118: It’s about time Mrs Brown apologized to me _ me a gossip in front of

everybody

A to have called B that she called C of calling D for having called Question 119: He had spent _ time writing an essay on his childhood.

A a few B a large number of C a great deal of D many

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Question 120: He is exhausted He _ around the whole afternoon trying to clean the house

before the guests arrive

Question 121: If you knew he was ill, why _ you _ to see him?

A didn’t / come B wouldn’t / come C should/come D would/come

Question 122: Tim is nearsighted He _ glasses ever since he was nine years old.

A should have worn B must wear C need wear D has had to wear

Question 123: As a student, you envied your friends who were working and earning their own money,

_?

Question 124: Neither Mary nor her sister _ to attend the concert.

Question 125: On Sundays, many people take their cars to service stations .

A to get the oil refilled B to get the oil refill

C to refill the oil D to make the oil refilled

Question 126: _ advised on what and how to prepare for the interview, he might have got

the job

A Had he been B If he had C Unless he had been D Were he to be

Question 127: The more difficult the job is, _.

A the more interesting she finds B the more she finds it interesting

C she finds it more interesting D the more interesting it is to her

Question 128: Let’s take actions to protect the environment, _ we?

Question 129: People should eat _ and do _ to reduce the risk of heart

disease

A less and less fat / the more exercise B less fat / more exercise

C the less fat / the more exercise D the lease fat / the most exercise

Question 130: Tim would like to specialize _ computer science.

Question 131: We have bought some _.

A German lovely old glasses B German old lovely glasses

C lovely old German glasses D old lovely German glasses

Question 132: If Bill _ a job now, he wouldn’t be so unhappy.

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A has B has had C had D would have

Question 133: It is not until December 25 _ the exam results will be announced.

Question 134: She _ on her computer for more than two hours when she decided to stop

for a rest

Question 135: It _ Susan that you saw last night She’s abroad with her family.

A should have been B must have been C can’t have been D needn’t have been Question 136: He is a very intelligent boy; _ , he sometimes gets bad marks.

Question 137: I _ with my uncle when I am on holiday in Ho Chi Minh City next month.

A will be staying B will have stayed C will have been staying D stay

Question 138: She started the course two months ago but dropped _ after only a month

Question 139: _ that Columbus discovered America.

A In 1492 B That was in 1492 C There was in 1492 D It was in 1492

Question 140: Due to ever more spreading poaching, there _ a dramatic decline in the

number of elephants recently

Question 141: It was no accident that he broke my glasses He did it _ purpose.

Question 142: They _ tired now because they _ in the garden since 7

o’clock

Question 143: He daren’t _ his boss for a rise just now.

Question 144: Only after she had finished the course did she realize she _ a wrong choice.

Question 145: “You should concentrate on _ the teacher is saying.”

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Question 146: Your brother hardly talks to anyone, _ ?

Question 147: I was bom in New York but I grew _ in England.

Question 148: I wish everything _ so expensive.

Question 149: By the end of the 21st century, scientists _ a cure for the common cold.

A will find B will have found C will be finding D will have been found Question 150: This road is very narrow It _ to be widened.

Question 151: I don’t think the problem will be serious _ ?

Question 152: Elephants scratch themselves with sticks _

A which hold in their trunks B are held in their trunk

C holding in their trunks D held in their trunks

Question153: We booked a table for dinner We _ a table as the restaurant was empty.

Question 154: That secretary, _ answered the phone, told me that the director was out.

Question 155: Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they _ their student

cards

A don’t produce B didn’t produce C produced D hadn’t produced

Question 156: Changes have been made in our education program Therefore, young children

_ do homework any more

Question 157: Although MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) spreads through close contact with

sick people, not through the air, many people still avoid _ to crowded places

Question 158: A large number of inventions and discoveries have been _ accident.

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Question 159: After the new technique had been introduced, this factory produced _ cars in 2015 as the year before.

A twice as many B twice many as C as many twice D as twice many

Question 160: Sally really loves the _ jewelry box that her parents gave her as a birthday

present

Question 161: My boss asked his son _ impolitely.

A didn’t behave B to behave C not behave D not to behave

Question 162: Natural disasters will result _ crop failures and famine.

Question 163: I enjoy _ busy I don’t like it when there is nothing.

A being/to do B to be/doing C to be/to do D being/doing

Question 164: Women no longer have to do hard work nowadays as they used to _ ?

Question 165: You _ Peter yesterday He’s been on business for a week now.

A mustn’t have seen

B could not have seen

C may have not seen

D can have seen

Question 166: She was the first woman _ the ship.

Question 167: I _ to see my girlfriend on my way home.

A dropped back B dropped in C dropped out D dropped off

Question 168: My younger sister is not _ to drive a car.

Question 169: The students _ by the teacher yesterday were very rude.

Question 170: People are advised to _ smoking because of its harm to their health.

Question 171: UNESCO was established to encourage collaboration nations in the areas _

education, science, culture, and communication

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A between - in B among – in C among- of D between-of

Question 172: We live in a large house in _ middle of the village.

Question 173: Ben asked Jane where _ the previous Sunday.

A has she been B she had been C had she been D she has been

Question 174: When my mother is busy preparing dinner, my father often gives her a hand _

the housework

Question 175: If my cousin _ an alarm, the thieves wouldn’t have broken into his house.

A installs B have installed C had installed D installed

Question 176: Although at that time my knowledge of German was very poor, I _ most of

what they said

Question 177: We can go by _ road, because _ are normally free from

heavy traffic at this time of day

A neither - some B any - either C both - all D either – both

Question 178: We can win only if we remain united, and so we must support them the moment they

_on strike

Question 179: The film _ by the time we _ to the cinema.

A had already started/got B already started/ had gotten

C had already started/had gotten D has already started/ got

Question 180: Before her injury, my sister _ tennis professionally.

A would used to play B will play C use to play D used to play

Question 181: Not only _ to determine the depth of the ocean floor, but it is also used to

locate oil

Question 182: Determining the mineral content of soil samples is an exacting process; _ ,

experts must perform detail tests to analyze soil specimens

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Question 183: John lost the _ bicycle he bought last week and his parents were very angry

with him

A new beautiful blue Japanese B beautiful blue Japanese new

C beautiful new blue Japanese D Japanese beautiful new blue

Question184: Donald Trump is _ President of _ United States.

Question185: _ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came.

A Hardly had B No sooner had C No longer has D Not until had

Question 186: She wasn’t feeling very well; otherwise, she _ the meeting so early.

A wouldn’t leave B didn’t leave C wouldn’t have left D hadn’t left

Question 187: The teacher told the pupils that salt water _ at a lower temperature than

fresh water

Question 188: I’d just as soon _ to another restaurant as wait for a table here.

Question 189: I wish to pay a visit to the beach this summer, _ ?

Question 190: _ cthe rise in unemployment, people still seem to be spending more.

Question 191: He _ for an international company before he became a teacher.

A has been working B has worked C was working D had worked

Question 192: She decided _ up yoga to help her to lose weight and escape from her

hectic lifestyle as a graphic designer

Question 193: In the modem Western world parents rarely expect their children to support them

financially, _?

Question 194: The thieves _ by car but we can’t be sure.

Question 195: _ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a better seat.

A Had you arrived B If you arrived C Were you arrived D If you hadn’t arrived

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Question 196: The annual production of household wastewater makes up over 30 percent of all

wastewater _ into the environment in Vietnam

A be discharged B which discharged C was discharged D discharged

Question 197: He _ as many boxes of cigars as he could carry home if regulations were

tightened on visitors to Cuba again

A would have bought B will buy C had bought D would buy

Question 198: They agreed _ implementing signed cooperation agreement.

A to continuing B to continue C continue D continuing

Question 199: When Mark comes home, tell him I’m out a bit, _ ?

Question 200: If we had finished it before we went on the tour, I think it _ a much better

record

A would have been B would be C will have been D will be

Question 201: The old woman accused the boy _ window

A in breaking B on breaking D at breaking D of breaking

Question 202: Neither the students nor their lecturer _ English in the classroom

Question 203: In order to make the house more beautiful and newer, the Browns had it _

yesterday

A to be repainted B repaint D repainted D to repaint

Question 204: Last summer he _ to Ha Long Bay.

Question 205: Many people lost their homes in the earthquake The government needs to establish more

shelters to care for those _ have homes

A which doesn’t B who doesn’t D which don’t D who don’t

Question 206: I love _ films but I seldom find time to go to the cinema.

Question 207: I saw him hiding something in a _ bag.

A black small plastic B plastic small black D small plastic black D small black plastic Question 208: She spent _ her free time watching TV.

Question 209: _ people in cities now choose to get married later than previous

generations

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A More and more B Little by little D Less and more D Many and many

Question 210: - ‘You and Tim seem to be good mates.’ - ‘Well, I _ for ages.’

Question 211: _ giraffe is the tallest of all _ animals.

Question 212: ‘Are flights with this company often delayed?’ - ‘No, they _ on schedule ’

Question 213: They held a party to congratulate their son _ his success.

Question 214: I wish I had someone of my own age _ I could trust.

Question 215: Anna _ halfway to the shops when she realized she'd left her purse at home.

A was getting B had got C had been getting D has got

Question 216: Only when you grow up, _ the truth.

A you will know B you know C do you know D will you know

Question 217: I was late for my exam because I _ about it all night and didn’t get much

sleep

Question 218: Despite their normal cylindrical form, some of the documents _ on silk

that were found at Mawangdui, an archaeological site in southeastern China, were folded into rectangles

Question 219: I didn’t see the red light at the crossroads Otherwise, I _ my car.

A stopped B had stopped C would have stopped D would stop

Question 220: Tim asked Sally _ English so far.

A how long was she learning

B how long she has been learning

C she had been learning how long

D how long she had been learning

Question 221: The incident happening last week left him _ confused and hurt.

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Question 222: “We gave them the money yesterday, but we haven’t received a receipt yet,

?” she asked her husband

Question 223: You and your big mouth! It was supposed to be a secret You _ her!

Question 224: If I had a typewriter now, I _ this report by myself.

A would have type B will type C would type D typed

Question 225: The Foreign Ministries of Vietnam and Mexico agreed _ measures to boost

the bilateral cooperation between the two nations

Question 226: There are no easy ways to learn a foreign language, _ ?

Question227: You look exhausted You _ in the garden all day.

Question 228: Most children enjoy _ with their parents and siblings.

Question 229: It’s too late; you shouldn’t go Don’t worry! We can _ for a night.

A put you up B put you through C put you away D put you aside

Question 230: We should make full use _ the Internet as it is an endless source of

information

Question 231: The Cosmonaut Training Center at Star City, Russia was named _ Gagarin.

Question 232: _ taught me how to play the guitar.

A It was my uncle whom

B It was my uncle

C it is my uncle when

D It was my uncle that

Question 233: It’s very warm We _ take coats with us.

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Question 234: We have just bought some _ cups.

A Chinese old lovely B old lovely Chinese C lovely old Chinese D Chinese lovely old Question 235: No one gave you any gift on your birthday, _ ?

Question 236: It gets _ when the winter is coming.

Question 237: Is Helen _ the hotel reservations for us?

A being made B to be making C to be made D going to make

Question 238: Peter _ a book when I saw him.

Question 239: The lecture was so boring that John could hardly keep himself _ asleep.

A of falling B to falling C from falling D in falling

Question 240: He can borrow this CD _ he gives it back to me by Thursday.

Question 241: This book provides students _ useful tips that help them to pass the coming

exam

Question 242: _ at school yesterday when we were informed that there was no class due to

a sudden power cut

A We have hardly arrived B We had arrived hardly

C Hardly we had arrived D Hardly had we arrived

Question 243: I _ Tom with me if I had known you and he didn’t get along well with each

other

Question 244: This project _ by the end of this month.

A will have been finished B will be finishing

Question 245: We are having our wedding invitations _ in London

Question 246: He _ the plants If he had, they wouldn’t have died.

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A needn’t have watered B can’t have watered

ĐÁP ÁN BÀI TẬP NGỮ PHÁP Question 1 Chọn đáp án D

- get/ become + adj (trở nên như thế nào ,)

- Cấu trúc: short adj - er + and + short adj - er/ more and more + long adj (so sánh kép với tính từ: ngày

càng)

E.g: He studies harder and harder (Anh ta học ngày càng chăm chỉ hơn.)

Life in the city is becoming more and more difficult (Cuộc sống ở thành phố ngày càng trở nên khó khăn hơn.)

Dịch: Trời ngày càng lạnh hơn khi mùa đông đang đến

Note 1

Double comparison (So sánh kép)

+ Cùng tính từ /trạng từ

Short adj/ adv: S + V + adj/adv + er + and + adj/adv +

erLong adj/ adv: S + V + more and more + adj/adv

E.g: It gets darker and darker (Trời càng ngày càng tối.)

+ Khác tính từ/ trạng từ

The + comparative (hình thức so sánh hơn) + S + V + the comparative + S + V

E.g: - The hotter it is, the more uncomfortable I feel (Trời càng nóng thì tôi càng cảm thấy khó chịu

hơn.)

- The more you study, the better you will be (Bạn càng chăm học thì bạn sẽ càng giỏi hơn.)

- The more English words we know the better we speak (Chúng ta biết càng nhiều từ tiếng Anh thì chúng

ta nói tiếng Anh càng tốt.)

Question 2 Chọn đáp án A

Mệnh đề if: If people paid a little more attention to the environment-if + S + V2/ed  câu điều kiện loại 2

Cấu trúc: If + S + V2/ed , S + would + V(bare-inf) (câu điều kiện loại 2)

Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả sự việc trái với thực tế hiện tại

Dịch: Nếu con người quan tâm đến môi trường hơn thì trái đất sẽ xanh hơn

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Note 3 Các loại câu điều kiện cơ bản:

- Câu điều kiện loại 1

Đây là loại câu điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

If + S + V (present tense) S+ will /can/may + V (bare-inf)

E.g: If the weather is nice, we will go swimming.

Đây là loại câu điều kiện trái với thực tế ở hiện tại

If + S + V-ed/V2,…

Tobe: were/weren’t

S + would/could + V (bare-inf)

E.g: If I were you, I would follow her advice

Đây là câu điều kiện trái với thực tế trong quá khứ

If +S +had + Vpp S+ would/could + have +Vpp

E.g: If I had stuied the lessons, I could have answerd the question yesterday.

A That she lived (thiếu giới từ “among”)

B That she lived among them (“that” thay thế cho “them” nên “them” được lược bỏ)

D Where she lived among them (sai đại từ quan hệ và thừa “them”)

Dịch: Cuốn sách đó viết về người dân ở Samoa mà bà ấy đã sống cùng khoảng 2 năm

Note 4

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- Mệnh đề quan hệ (Relative clauses) là mệnh đề phụ dùng để giải thích rõ hơn về danh từ đứng trước nó Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng ngay sau danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa.

E.g: The girl is Nam’s girlfriend She is sitting next to me.

=> The girl who is sitting next to me is Nam’s girlfriend

- Mệnh đề quan hệ thường được nối với mệnh đề chính bằng các đại từ quan hệ (relative pronouns): who, whom, which, whose, that hoặc các trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs): where, when, why

+ Who: được dùng làm chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.

-E.g: My close friend who sings very well is your brother.

+ Which: được dùng làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật E.g: Do you see the book which is on the table?

+ Whom: được dùng làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người

E.g: The man whom I met yesterday is Hoa’s brother.

+ Whose: được dùng để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật đứng trước Sau whose là danh từ mà

nó làm sở hữu

E.g: Do you know the girl whose mother is a famous artist?

+ That: được dùng để thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật “That” dùng để thay cho “who, whom,

which” trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định

E.g: I don’t like houses which/ that are very old.

Các trường hợp nên dùng “that”

- Khi nó đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất

E.g: It is the most boring book that I have read.

- Khi nó đi sau các từ: only, the first, the last

E.g: He is the first man that I have loved.

- Khi danh từ phía trước chỉ người và vật

E.g: He is talking about the people and places that he visited.

- Khi nó đi sau các đại từ bất định: nobody, no one, nothing, anything, any one, anybody, any, some, someone, somebody, all

E.g: These books are all that my grandmother left me.

+ Where: là trạng từ quan hệ để thay thế cho các từ/cụm từ chỉ địa điểm, nơi chốn.

E.g: This is my hometown I was bom and grew up here.

=> This is my hometown where I was bom and grew up

+ When: là trạng từ quan hệ để thay thế cho cụm từ/từ chỉ thời gian.

E.g: That was the day I met my wife on this day.

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=> That was the day when I met my wife.

+ Why: là trạng từ quan hộ chỉ lý do, thường thay cho cụm for the reason; for that reason N (reason) + WHY + S + V

E.g: I don’t know the reason You didn’t go to school for that reason.

=> I don’t know the reason why you didn’t go to school

Question 5 Chọn đáp án B

Cấu trúc thì quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had + Vpp +

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành diễn tả hành động xảy ra và hoàn tất trước một hành động khác trong quá khứDịch: Lúc đứa con đầu tiên của họ được sinh ra thì họ đã kết hôn được 3 năm rồi

Question 6 Chọn đáp án C

Cấu trúc: - as: như (dùng trong so sánh bằng)

- the same + N: cùng, giống (dùng trong so sánh bằng)

- the more + adj/ adv: càng (dùng trong so sánh kép)

- all the more + adj ~ even more (than before): càng/ thậm chí còn .hơn (so với trước)

Dịch: Cô gái này không tiết lộ nhiều về bản thân mình và điều này càng làm cho cô ấy trở nên quyến rũ hơn

Question 7 Chọn đáp án D

- must + have Vpp: chắc hẳn đã làm gì trong quá khứ

- had to + V bare-inf: đã phải làm gì trong quá khứ

- needn’t + have Vpp: đáng lẽ ra đã không cần thiết làm gì trong quá khứ (nhưng thực tế đã làm)

- should + have Vpp: đáng lẽ ra đã nên làm gì trong quá khứ (nhưng thực tế đã không làm)

Dịch: Họ lẽ ra đã nên hành động để ngăn chặn ngọn lửa lan rộng ra Tuy nhiên, họ đã không làm điều đó

Note 10 Modal perfect

- Could/ May/ Might + have + Vpp: có lẽ đã

Diễn tả một điều gì đó có thể dã xảy ra hoặc có thể đúng ở quá khứ; một khả năng có thể ở quá khứ nhưng người nói không dám chắc

E.g: She didn’t hear the phone ring She might have been sleeping at that time (Cô ấy đã không nghe

thấy chuông điện thoại Vào lúc đó có lẽ là cô ốy đang ngủ)

Mai could have gone out with him last night (Tối qua Mai có lẽ đã đi chơi với anh ta.)

- Should/ Ought to +have + Vpp: Lẽ ra phải, lẽ ra nên

Diễn tả một điều gì đó lẽ ra đã nên hoặc phải xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng thực tế đã không xảy ra trong quá khứ vì lý do nào đó

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E.g: I should have gone to the post office this morning (Lẽ ra sáng nay tôi phải đi bưu điện.)

 Tôi đã không đi

- Diễn tả sự đáng tiếc, hối hận đã không làm việc gì đó

E.g: I failed the exam I should have studied harder (Tôi đã thi trượt Lẽ ra tôi nên chăm học hơn.)

- Chúng ta có thể dùng cụm was/were supposed to V để thay thể cho should have Vpp

E.g: She was supposed to go/ should have gone to the party last night.

- Must + have + Vpp: Chắc hẳn đã, hẳn là

Diễn tả sự suy đoán hay kết luận logic dựa vào thực tế ở quá khứ

E.g: Mary passed the exam with flying colors She must have studied hard (Mary đã thi đậu với kết quả

cao Cô ấy chắc hẳn đã học chăm chỉ.)

 Must + have been + V – ing: chắc hẳn lúc ấy đang

E.g: I didn’t hear the doorbell I must have been gardening behind the house (Tôi đã không nghe thấy

chuông cửa Chắc hẳn lúc ấy tôi đang làm vườn phía sau nhà.)

- Would + have + Vpp: dùng trong câu điêu kiện loại 3 với nghĩa “đã .rồi”

E.g: If I had had enough money, I would have bought that house last year (Nếu năm ngoái tôi đã có đủ

tiền thì tôi đã mua ngôi nhà kia rồi.)

- Diễn tả một tình huống đã có thể xảy ra trong quá khứ, nhưng thực sự đã không xảy ra

E.g: I would have been happy to see him, but I didn’t have time.

- Can’t + have + Vpp: Chắc là đã không thể làm gì

Diễn tả một sự việc gần như chắc chắn không thể xảy ra

E.g: They can’t have bought is today because shops are closed (Hôm nay chắc là họ không thể mua được

nó vì các cửa hàng đều đóng cửa)

Question 8 Chọn đáp án A

Cấu trúc: - There + is/ are + N (dùng để chỉ sự tồn tại của người/ vật mà không có đối tượng sở hữu)

E.g: + There are two books on the table (có 2 quyển sách trên bàn.)

+ There was an accident in my neighborhood last night (Tối qua đã có một vụ tai nạn ở khu tôi.)

Used to + V (bare-inf): đã từng

Dịch: Khi Tim còn bé thì đã từng có một công viên gần nhà cậu ấy

Question 9 Chọn đáp án B

Điều kiện để rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ: Chủ ngữ 2 vế giống nhau

Cách rút gọn: - Dùng V-ing nếu mệnh đề trạng ngữ ở dạng chủ động; Dùng Vpp nếu mệnh đề trạng ngữ ở dạng bị động

- Bỏ liên từ và động từ “to be” nếu có

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